Eating disorder symptoms and weight and shape concerns in a large web-based convenience sample of women ages 50 and above: Results of the gender and body image (GABI) study

International Journal of Eating Disorders

Volumn 45, Issue 7, 2012, Pages 832-844

  Gagne, Danielle A ^a   Von Holle, Ann ^a   Brownley, Kimberly A ^a   Runfola, Cristin D ^a   Hofmeier, Sara ^a   Branch, Kateland E ^a   Bulik, Cynthia M ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b IL   (United States)

Author keywords

Binge eating; Body dissatisfaction; Eating disorder symptoms; Midlife; Older adult; Women

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ADULTHOOD; AGED; ARTICLE; BODY BUILD; BODY IMAGE; BODY MASS; BODY WEIGHT; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DIET RESTRICTION; EATING DISORDER; FEMALE; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; INTERNET; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; PATIENT ATTITUDE; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEX DIFFERENCE; SYMPTOMATOLOGY;

AGE FACTORS; AGED; BODY IMAGE; BODY MASS INDEX; BODY WEIGHT; DIET, REDUCING; EATING DISORDERS; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; HEALTH SURVEYS; HUMANS; INTERNET; MIDDLE AGED; QUESTIONNAIRES; SELF CONCEPT;

EID: 84869239154     PISSN: 02763478     EISSN: 1098108X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/eat.22030     Document Type: Article

References (79)

1. Howden LM, Meyer JA. Age and sex composition: 2010: 2010 census briefs. Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau: May 2011. Available at: http: //www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-03.pdf
2. Hudson JI, Hiripi E, Pope HG, Jr, Kessler RC. The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biol Psychiatry 2007; 61: 348-358.
3. Preti A, Girolamo G, Vilagut G, Alonso J, Graaf R, Bruffaerts R, et al. The epidemiology of eating disorders in six European countries: Results of the ESEMeD-WMH project. J Psychiatr Res 2009; 43: 1125-1132.
4. Kally Z, Cumella EJ. 100 midlife women with eating disorders: A phenomenological analysis of etiology. J Gen Psychol 2008; 135: 359-377.
5. Forman M, Davis WN. Characteristics of middle-aged women in inpatient treatment for eating disorders. Eat Disord 2005; 13: 231-243.
6. Wiseman CV, Sunday SR, Klapper F, Harris WA, Halmi KA. Changing patterns of hospitalization in eating disorder patients. Int J Eat Disord 2001; 30: 69-74.
7. Beck D, Casper R, Andersen A. Truly late onset of eating disorders: A study of 11 cases averaging 60 years of age at presentation. Int J Eat Disord 1996; 20: 389-395.
8. Cumella EJ, Kally Z. Comparison of middle-age and young women inpatients with eating disorders. Eat Weight Disord 2008; 13: 183-190.
9. Hsu LK. The outcome of anorexia-nervosa: A reappraisal. Psychol Med 1988; 18: 807-812
10. Joughin NA, Crisp AH, Gowers SG, Bhat AV. The clinical features of late onset anorexia nervosa. Postgrad Med J 1991; 67: 973-977.
11. Scholtz S, Hill LS, Lacey H. Eating disorders in older women: Does late onset anorexia nervosa exist? Int J Eat Disord 2010; 43: 393-397.
12. Lapid MI, Prom MC, Burton MC, McAlpine DE, Sutor B, Rummans TA. Eating disorders in the elderly. Int Psychogeriatr 2010; 22: 523-536.
13. Keel PK, Gravener JA, Joiner TE, Jr, Haedt AA. Twenty-year follow- up of bulimia nervosa and related eating disorders not otherwise specified. Int J Eat Disord 2009; 43: 492-497.
14. Mangweth-Matzek B, Rupp CI, Hausmann A, Assmayr K, Mariacher E, Kemmler G, et al. Never too old for eating disorders or body dissatisfaction: A community study of elderly women. Int J Eat Disord 2006; 39: 583-586.
15. Marcus MD, Bromberger JT, Wei HL, Brown C, Kravitz HM. Prevalence and selected correlates of eating disorder symptoms among a multiethnic community sample of midlife women. Ann Behav Med 2007; 33: 269-277.
16. Midlarsky E, Nitzburg G. Eating disorders in middle-aged women. J Gen Psychol 2008; 135: 393-407.
17. Allaz AF, Bernstein M, Rouget P, Archinard M, Morabia A. Body weight preoccupation in middle-age and ageing women: A general population survey. Int J Eat Disord 1998; 23: 287-294.
18. Gadalla TM. Eating disorders and associated psychiatric comorbidity in elderly Canadian women. Arch Womens Ment Health 2008; 11: 357-362.
19. Gravener JA, Haedt AA, Heatherton TF, Keel PK. Gender and age differences in associations between peer dieting and drive for thinness. Int J Eat Disord 2008; 41: 57-63.
20. McLaren L, Kuh D. Body dissatisfaction in midlife women. J Women Aging 2004; 16: 35-54.
21. Lewis DM, Cachelin FM. Body image, body dissatisfaction, and eating attitudes in midlife and elderly women. Eat Disord 2001; 9: 29-39.
22. Pruis TA, Janowsky JS. Assessment of body image in younger and older women. J Gen Psychol 2010; 137: 225-238.
23. Webster J, Tiggemann M. The relationship between women's body satisfaction and self-image across the life span: The role of cognitive control. J Genet Psychol 2003; 164: 241-252.
24. Bedford JL, Johnson CS. Societal influences on body image dissatisfaction in younger and older women. J Women Aging 2006; 18: 41-55.
25. Tiggemann M, Lynch JE. Body image across the life span in adult women: The role of self-objectification. Dev Psychol 2001; 37: 243-253.
26. Tiggemann M. Body image across the adult life span: Stability and change. Body Image 2004; 1: 29-41.
27. McCabe MP, Ricciardelli LA, James T. A longitudinal study of body change strategies of fitness center attendees. Eat Behav 2007; 8: 492-496.
28. McLean SA, Paxton SJ, Wertheim EH. Factors associated with body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in women in midlife. Int J Eat Disord 2010; 43: 527-536.
29. Sheehan TJ, DuBrava S, DeChello LM, Fang Z. Rates of weight change for black and white Americans over a twenty year period. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2003; 27: 498-504.
30. Siegel I. Does body dissatisfaction change with age? a cross-sectional analysis of American women. NSPB 2010; 7: 42-50.
31. Bulik CM, Tozzi F, Anderson C, Mazzeo SE, Aggen S, Sullivan PF. The relation between eating disorders and components of perfectionism. Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160: 366-368.
32. Neale BM, Mazzeo SE, Bulik CM. A twin study of dietary restraint, disinhibition and hunger: An examination of the eating inventory (three factor eating questionnaire). Twin Res 2003; 6: 471-478.
33. Reba-Harrelson L, Von Holle A, Hamer RM, Swann R, Reyes ML, Bulik CM. Patterns and prevalence of disordered eating and weight control behaviors in women ages 25-45. Eat Weight Disord 2009; 14: e190-e198.
34. Paniagua FA. Implications of the United States census 2000 in analyzing and reporting new findings of disparities in health. Psychol Rep 2005; 97: 29-32.
35. National Institutes of Health (NIH). NIH policy on reporting race and ethnicity data: Subjects in clinical research. August 2001. Available at: http: //grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/noticefiles/ not-od-01-053.html
36. Slof R, Mazzeo S, Bulik CM. Characteristics of women with persistent thinness. Obes Res 2003; 11: 971-977.
37. First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams, JBW. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders, Research Version, Patient Edition (SCID-I/P). New York: Biometrics Research, New York State Psychiatric Institute; November, 2002.
38. Westfall PH, Tobias RD, Rom D, Wolfinger RD, Hochberg Y. Multiple Comparisons and Multiple Tests Using the SAS System. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.; 1999. 416 p.
39. Ludbrook J. Advantages of permutation (randomization) tests in clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1994; 21: 673-686.
40. Pesarin F, Salmaso, L. Permutation Tests for Complex Data: Theory, Applications and Software. Chichester, UK: Wiley, 2010.
41. Zieffler AS, Harring JR, Long JD. Comparing Groups: Randomization and Bootstrap Methods Using R. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2011.
42. SAS Institute, Inc. SAS/STAT1 9.2 User's Guide. Cary, NC: SAS Institute, Inc.; 2008.
43. Garner DM, Garfinkel PE, Schwartz D, Thompson M. Cultural expectations of thinness in women. Psychol Rep 1980; 47: 483-491.
44. Guillen EO, Barr SI. Nutrition, dieting, and fitness messages in a magazine for adolescent women, 1970-1990. J Adolesc Health 1994; 15: 464-472.
45. Keel PK, Baxter MG, Heatherton TF, Joiner TE, Jr. A 20-year longitudinal study of body weight, dieting, and eating disorder symptoms. J Abnorm Psychol 2007; 116: 422-432.
46. Hurd LC. Older women's body image and embodied experience: An exploration. J Women Aging 2000; 12: 77-97.
47. Reboussin BA, Rejeski WJ, Martin KA, Callahan K, Dunn AL, King AC, et al. Correlates of satisfaction with body function and body appearance in middle- and older aged adults: The Activity Counseling Trial (ACT). Psychol Health 2000; 15: 239-254.
48. Panotopoulos G, Raison J, Ruiz JC, Guy-Grand B, Basdevant A. Weight gain at the time of menopause. Hum Reprod 1997; 12 (Suppl 1): 126-133.
49. Polotsky HN, Polotsky AJ. Metabolic implications of menopause. Semin Reprod Med 2010; 28: 426-434.
50. Peat CM, Peyerl NL, Muehlenkamp JJ. Body image and eating disorders in older adults: A review. J Gen Psychol 2008; 135: 343-358.
51. Ferraro FR, Muehlenkamp JJ, Paintner A, Wasson K, Hager T, Hoverson F. Aging, body image, and body shape. J Gen Psychol 2008; 135: 379-392.
52. Purba MB, Kouris-Blazos A, Wattanapenpaiboon N, Lukito W, Rothenberg E, Steen B, et al. Can skin wrinkling in a site that has received limited sun exposure be used as a marker of health status and biological age? Age Ageing 2001; 30: 227-234.
53. Rexbye H, Petersen I, Johansens M, Klitkou L, Jeune B, Christensen K. Influence of environmental factors on facial ageing. Age Ageing 2006; 35: 110-115.
54. Guh DP, Zhang W, Bansback N, Amarsi Z, Birmingham CL, Anis AH. The incidence of co-morbidities related to obesity and overweight: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2009; 9: 88.
55. Kulie T, Slattengren A, Redmer J, Counts H, Eglash A, Schrager S. Obesity and women's health: An evidence-based review. J Am Board Fam Med 2011; 24: 75-85.
56. Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M, Heller RF, Zwahlen M. Bodymass index and incidence of cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Lancet 2008; 371: 569-578.
57. Villareal DT, Apovian CM, Kushner RF, Klein S. Obesity in older adults: Technical review and position statement of the American Society for Nutrition and NAASO, The Obesity Society. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 82: 923-934.
58. Strazzullo P, D'Elia L, Cairella G, Garbagnati F, Cappuccio FP, Scalfi L. Excess body weight and incidence of stroke: Meta-analysis of prospective studies with 2 million participants. Stroke 2010; 41: e418-e426.
59. Hirani V. Generalised and abdominal adiposity are important risk factors for chronic disease in older people: Results from a nationally representative survey. J Nutr Health Aging 2011; 15: 469-478.
60. Blagojevic M, Jinks C, Jeffery A, Jordan KP. Risk factors for onset of osteoarthritis of the knee in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2009; 18: 24-33.
61. Abdullah A, Peeters A, de Courten M, Stoelwinder J. The magnitude of association between overweight and obesity and the risk of diabetes: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2010; 89: 309-319.
62. Flegal KM, Graubard BI, Williamson DF, Gail MH. Cause-specific excess deaths associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity. JAMA 2007; 298: 2028-2037.
63. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Assoication, 2000.
64. Slevec JH, Tiggemann M. Predictors of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in middle-aged women. Clin Psychol Rev 2011; 31: 515-524.
65. Anderson LA, Eyler AA, Galuska DA, Brown DR, Brownson RC. Relationship of satisfaction with body size and trying to lose weight in a national survey of overweight and obese women aged 40 and older, United States. Prev Med 2002; 35: 390-396.
66. Copeland PM. Diuretic abuse and central pontine myelinolysis. Psychother Psychosom 1989; 52: 101-105.
67. Roerig JL, Mitchell JE, de Zwaan M, Wonderlich SA, Kamran S, Engbloom S, et al. The eating disorders medicine cabinet revisited: A clinician's guide to appetite suppressants and diuretics. Int J Eat Disord 2003; 33: 443-457.
68. Dwyer JT, Allison DB, Coates PM. Dietary supplements in weight reduction. J Am Diet Assoc 2005; 105: S80-S86.
69. Pittler MH, Schmidt K, Ernst E. Adverse events of herbal food supplements for body weight reduction: Systematic review. Obes Rev 2005; 6: 93-111.
70. Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL, Curtin LR. Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2008. JAMA 2010; 303: 235-241.
71. United States Census Bureau. Internet use in the United States: October 2009. Washington DC, U.S. Census Bureau: October 2009. Available at: http: //www.census.gov/hhes/computer/ publications/2009.html
72. Dewys WD, Begg C, Lavin PT, Band PR, Bennett JM, Bertino JR, et al. Prognostic effect of weight loss prior to chemotherapy in cancer patients. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Am J Med 1980; 69: 491-497.
73. Weissenburger J, Rush AJ, Giles DE, Stunkard AJ. Weight change in depression. Psychiatry Res 1986; 17: 275-283.
74. Chapman IM. Nutritional disorders in the elderly. Med Clin North Am 2006; 90: 887-907.
75. Colecraft E. HIV/AIDS: Nutritional implications and impact on human development. Proc Nutr Soc 2008; 67: 109-113.
76. Morley JE. Anorexia of aging: Physiologic and pathologic. Am J Clin Nutr 1997; 66: 760-773.
77. Lieber CS. Relationships between nutrition, alcohol use, and liver disease. Alcohol Res Health 2003; 27: 220-231.
78. Morley JE. Decreased food intake with aging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2001; 56 Spec No 2: 81-88.
79. Roberts SB. Regulation of energy intake in relation to metabolic state and nutritional status. Eur J Clin Nutr 2000; 54 (Suppl 3): S64-S69.