EPID-based verification of the MLC performance for dynamic IMRT and VMAT

Medical Physics

Volumn 39, Issue 10, 2012, Pages 6192-6207

  Rowshanfarzad, Pejman ^a   Sabet, Mahsheed ^b   Barnes, Michael P ^b   O'Connor, Daryl J ^a   Greer, Peter B ^a,b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE   (Australia)

^b CALVARY MATER NEWCASTLE HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^c School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences University   (Australia)

Author keywords

EPID; IMRT; linac QA; MLC performance; VMAT

Indexed keywords

BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING; FENCES; HIGHER ORDER STATISTICS; IMAGE REGISTRATION; LINEAR ACCELERATORS; RADIOTHERAPY;

EPID; IMRT; LINAC QA; MLC PERFORMANCE; VMAT;

IMAGE ANALYSIS;

EID: 84867305797     PISSN: 00942405     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1118/1.4752207     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. T. LoSasso, Ch. Chui, and C. C. Ling, Physical and dosimetric aspects of a multileaf collimation system used in the dynamic mode for implementing intensity modulated radiotherapy., Med. Phys. 25, 1919-1927 (1998). 10.1118/1.598381
2. T. LoSasso, Ch. Chui, and C. C. Ling, Comprehensive quality assurance for the delivery of intensity modulated radiotherapy with a multileaf collimator used in the dynamic mode., Med. Phys. 28, 2209-2219 (2001). 10.1118/1.1410123
3. C. X. Yu, Intensity-modulated arc therapy with dynamic multileaf collimation: An alternative to tomotherapy., Phys. Med. Biol. 40, 1435-1449 (1995). 10.1088/0031-9155/40/9/004
4. K. Otto, Volumetric modulated arc therapy: IMRT in a single gantry arc., Med. Phys. 35, 310-317 (2008). 10.1118/1.2818738
5. A. Rangel, and P. Dunscombe, Tolerances on MLC leaf position accuracy for IMRT delivery with a dynamic MLC., Med. Phys. 36, 3304-3309 (2009). 10.1118/1.3134244
6. P. Rowshanfarzad, M. Sabet M, D. J. O'Connor, and P. B. Greer, Investigation of the sag in linac secondary collimator and MLC carriage during arc deliveries., Phys. Med. Biol. 57 (12), N209-N224 (2012). 10.1088/0031-9155/57/12/N209
7. M. K. Jorgensen, L. Hoffmann, J. B. B. Petersen, L. H. Præstegaard, R. Hansen, and L. P. Muren, Tolerance levels of EPID-based quality control for volumetric modulated arc therapy., Med. Phys. 38 (3), 1425-1434 (2011). 10.1118/1.3552922
8. D. W. Litzenberg, J. M. Moran, and B. A. Fraass Incorporation of realistic delivery limitations into dynamic MLC treatment delivery., Med. Phys. 29 (5), 810-820 (2002). 10.1118/1.1470499
9. T. Losasso, IMRT delivery performance with a Varian multileaf collimator., Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. 71 (1), S85-S88 (2008). 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.06.082
10. C. D Mubata, P. Childs, and A. M. Bidmead, A quality assurance procedure for the Varian multi-leaf collimator., Phys. Med. Biol. 42, 423-431 (1997). 10.1088/0031-9155/42/2/014
11. P. Xia, C. F. Chuang, and L. J. Verhey, Communication and sampling rate limitations in IMRT delivery with a dynamic multileaf collimator system., Med. Phys. 29 (3), 412-423 (2002). 10.1118/1.1449496
12. J. Chang, C. H. Obcemea, J. Sillanpaa, J. Mechalakos, and C. Burman, Use of EPID for leaf position accuracy QA of dynamic multi-leaf collimator (DMLC) treatment., Med. Phys. 31, 2091-2096 (2004). 10.1118/1.1760187
13. I. Chauvet, A Petitfils, C. Lehobey, J. K. Kristner, Y. Brunet, R. Lembrez, G. Gaboriaud, A. Mazal, S. Zefkili, and J. C. Rosenwald The sliding slit test for dynamic IMRT: A useful tool for adjustment of MLC related parameters., Phys. Med. Biol. 50, 563-580 (2005). 10.1088/0031-9155/50/4/001
14. W. Luo, J. Li, R. A. Price, L. Chen, J. Yang, J. Fan, Z. Chen, S. McNeeley, X. Xu, and C. M. Ma, Monte Carlo based IMRT dose verification using MLC log files and RV outputs., Med. Phys. 33, 2557-2564 (2006). 10.1118/1.2208916
15. J. Richart, M. C. Pujades, J. Perez-Calatayud, D. Granero, F. Ballester, S. Rodriguez, and M. Santos, QA of dynamic MLC based on EPID portal dosimetry., Physica Medica: Eur. J. Med. Phys. 28 (3), 262-268 (2012). 10.1016/j.ejmp.2011. 06.046
16. A. Rangel, G. Palte, and P. Dunscombe, The sensitivity of patient specific IMRT QC to systematic MLC leaf bank offset errors., Med. Phys. 37 (7), 3862-3867 (2010). 10.1118/1.3453576
17. G. J. Budgell, J. H. Mott, P. C. Williams, and K. J. Brown, Requirements for leaf position accuracy for dynamic multileaf collimation., Phys. Med. Biol. 45, 1211-1227 (2000). 10.1088/0031-9155/45/5/310
18. E. E. Klein, J. Hanley, and J. Bayouth, Task Group 142 report: Quality assurance of medical accelerators., Med. Phys. 36, 4197-4212 (2009). 10.1118/1.3190392
19. M. Alber, ESTRO Booklet No.9: Guidelines for the Verification of IMRT (ESTRO, Brussels, Belgium, 2008).
20. C. S. Chui, S. Spirou, and T. LoSasso Testing of dynamic multileaf collimation., Med. Phys. 23 (5), 635-641 (1996). 10.1118/1.597699
21. M. L. P. Dirkx and B. J. M. Heijmen, Testing of the stability of intensity modulated beams generated with dynamic multileaf collimation, applied to the MM50 racetrack microtron., Med. Phys. 27 (12), 2701-2707 (1997). 10.1118/1.1326450
22. C. C. Ling, P. Zhang, Y. Archambault, J Bocanek, G. Tang, and T. Losasso, Commissioning and quality assurance of rapidarc radiotherapy delivery system., Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol. Phys. 72 (2), 575-581 (2008). 10.1016/j.ijrobp. 2008.05.060
23. C. D. Venencia, and P. Besa, Commissioning and quality assurance for intensity modulated radiotherapy with dynamic multileaf collimator: Experience of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile., J. Appl. Clin. Med. Phys. 5 (3), 37-54 (2004). 10.1120/jacmp.v5i3.1982
24. D. S. Sharma, P. M Dongre, V. Mhatre, and M. Heigrujam Physical and dosimetric characteristic of high-definition multileaf collimator (HDMLC) for SRS and IMRT., J. Appl. Clin. Med. Phys. 12 (3), 142-160 (2011).
25. S. C. Vieira, M. L. P. Dirkx, K. L. Pasma, and B. J. M. Heijmen Fast and accurate leaf verification for dynamic multileaf collimation using an electronic portal imaging device., Med. Phys. 29 (9), 2034-2040 (2002). 10.1118/1.1501141
26. C. Vieira, R. A. Bolt, M. L. P. Dirkx, A. G. Visser, and B. J. M. Heijmen Fast, daily linac verification for segmented IMRT using electronic portal imaging., Radiother. Oncol. 80, 86-92 (2006). 10.1016/j.radonc.2006.06.010
27. S. J. K. Baker, G. J. Budgell, and R. I. MacKay, Use of an amorphous silicon electronic portal imaging device for multileaf collimator quality control and calibration. Phys. Med. Biol. 50, 1377-1392 (2005). 10.1088/0031-9155/50/7/003
28. D. A. Low, J. W. Sohn, E. E. Klein, J. Markman, S. Mutic, and J. F. Dempsey, Characterization of a commercial multileaf collimator used for intensity modulated radiation therapy., Med. Phys. 28, 752-756 (2001). 10.1118/1.1367863
29. S. S. Samant, W. Zheng, N. A. Parra, J. Chandler, A. Gopal, J. Wu, J. Jain, Y. Zhu, and M. Sontag, Verification of multileaf collimator leaf positions using an electronic portal imaging device., Med. Phys. 29, 2900-2912 (2002). 10.1118/1.1515760
30. H. V. James, S. Atherton, G. J. Budgell, M. C. Kirby and P. C. Williams, Verification of dynamic multileaf collimation using an electronic portal imaging device., Phys. Med. Biol. 45, 495-509 (2000). 10.1088/0031-9155/45/2/316
31. O. A. Zeidan, J. G. Li, M. Ranade, A. M. Stell, and J. F. Dempsey, Verification of step-and-shoot IMRT delivery using a fast video-based electronic portal imaging device. Med. Phys. 31 (3), 463-476 (2004). 10.1118/1.1644518
32. J. J. Sonke, L. S. Ploeger, B. Brand, M. H. Smitsmans, and M. van Herk, Leaf trajectory verification during dynamic intensity modulated radiotherapy using an amorphous silicon flat panel imager., Med. Phys. 31 (2), 389-395 (2004). 10.1118/1.1639125
33. X. Mei, I. Nygren, and J. E. Villarreal-Barajas, On the use of the MLC dosimetric leaf gap as a quality control tool for accurate dynamic IMRT delivery. Med. Phys. 38 (4), 2246-2255 (2011). 10.1118/1.3567148
34. J. G. Li, J. F. Dempsey, L. Ding, C. Liu, and J. R. Palta, Validation of dynamic MLC-controller log files using a two-dimensional diode array., Med. Phys. 30 (5), 799-805 (2003). 10.1118/1.1567951
35. D. Moreno, D. Venencia, E. Garrigo, and Y. Pipman, A method to enhance spatial resolution of a 2D ion chamber array for quality control of MLC., J. Appl. Clin. Med. Phys. 12 (4), 63-73 (2011).
36. P. Zygmanski, J. H. Kung, S. B. Jiang, and L. Chin, Dependence of fluence errors in dynamic IMRT on leaf-positional errors varying with time and leaf number. Med. Phys. 30 (10), 2736-2749 (2003). 10.1118/1.1598674
37. M. Stell, J. G. Li, O. A. Zeidan, and J. F. Dempsey, An extensive log-file analysis of step-and-shoot intensity modulated radiation therapy segment delivery errors., Med. Phys. 31 (6), 1593-1602 (2004). 10.1118/1.1751011
38. M. Okumura, Y. Obata, K. Shimomura, M. Tamura and Y. Nishimura, The effect of gantry and collimator angles on leaf limited velocity and position in dynamic multileaf collimator intensity-modulated radiation therapy., Phys. Med. Biol. 55, 3101-3113 (2010). 10.1088/0031-9155/55/11/008
39. K. Wijesooriya, C. Bartee, J. V. Siebers, S. S. Vedam, and P. J. Keall, Determination of maximum leaf velocity and acceleration of a dynamic multileaf collimator: Implications for 4D radiotherapy., Med. Phys. 32, 932-941 (2005). 10.1118/1.1876581
40. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), Radiotherapy equipment: Coordinates, movements and scales., Report No. IEC 61217 (IEC, Geneva, 2008).
41. https://my.varian.com/.
42. P. Rowshanfarzad, M. Sabet, D. J. O'Connor, P. M. McCowan, B. M. C. McCurdy, and P. B. Greer, Detection and correction for EPID and gantry sag during arc delivery using cine EPID imaging., Med. Phys. 39 (2), 623-635 (2012). 10.1118/1.3673958
43. J. Canny, A computational approach to edge detection., IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 8, 679-698 (1986). 10.1109/TPAMI.1986.4767851
44. P. Rowshanfarzad, M. Sabet, D. J. O'Connor, and P. B. Greer, Verification of the linac isocentre for stereotactic radiosurgery using cine-EPID imaging and arc delivery., Med. Phys. 38 (7), 3963-3970 (2011). 10.1118/1.3597836
45. L. Clews and P. B. Greer, An EPID based method for efficient and precise asymmetric jaw alignment quality assurance., Med. Phys. 36 (12), 5488-5496 (2009). 10.1118/1.3253463
46. P. B. Greer, P. Cadman, C. Lee, and K. Bzdusek, An energy fluence-convolution model for amorphous silicon EPID dose prediction., Med. Phys. 36 (2), 547-555 (2009). 10.1118/1.3058481
47. Z. Gao, J. Szanto, and L. Gerig, Using multileaf collimator interleaf leakage to extract absolute spatial information from electronic portal imaging device images., J. Appl. Clin. Med. Phys. 8 (1), 1-9 (2007). 10.1120/jacmp.v8i1.2226
48. A. Boyer, P. Biggs, J. Galvin, E. Klein, T. LoSasso, D. Low, K. Mah, and C. Yu, Basic applications of multileaf collimators., Report of the AAPM Radiation Therapy Committee Task Group No. 50 (Medical Physics Publishing, 2001).
49. M. N. Graves, A. V. Thompson, M. K. Martel, D. L. McShan, and B. A. Fraass, Calibration and quality assurance for rounded leaf-end MLC systems., Med. Phys. 28 (11), 2227-2233 (2001). 10.1118/1.1413517
50. G. A. Ezzell, J. M. Galvin, D. Low, J. R. Palta, I. Rosen, M. B. Sharpe, P. Xia, Y. Xiao, L. Xing, and C. X. Yu, Guidance document on delivery, treatment planning, and clinical implementation of IMRT: Report of the IMRT subcommittee of the AAPM radiation therapy committee. Med. Phys. 30 (8), 2089-2115 (2003). 10.1118/1.1591194
51. P. Vial, L. Oliver, P. B. Greer, and C. Baldock, An experimental investigation into the radiation field offset of a dynamic multileaf collimator., Phys. Med. Biol. 51, 5517-5538 (2006). 10.1088/0031-9155/51/21/009
52. A. Van Esch, D. P. Huyskens, C. F. Behrens, E. Samsoe, M. Sjölin, U. Bjelkengren, D. Sjöström, C. Clermont, L. Hambach, and F. Sergent, Implementing RapidArc into clinical routine: A comprehensive program from machine QA to TPS validation and patient QA., Med. Phys. 38 (9), 5146-5166 (2011). 10.1118/1.3622672
53. E. E. Klein, W. B. Harms, D. A. Low, V. Willcut, and J. A. Purdy, Clinical implementation of a commercial multileaf collimator: Dosimetry, networking, simulation, and quality assurance., Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol. Phys. 33, 1195-1208 (1995). 10.1016/0360-3016(95)00198-0
54. A. Fredh, S. Korreman, and P. Munck af Rosenschöld, Automated analysis of images acquired with electronic portal imaging device during delivery of quality assurance plans for inversely optimized arc therapy., Radiother. Oncol. 94, 195-198 (2010). 10.1016/j.radonc.2010.01.002
55. M. S. Bhagwat, Z. Han, S. K. Ng, and P. Zygmanski, An oscillating sweeping gap test for VMAT quality Assurance., Phys. Med. Biol. 55, 5029-5044 (2010). 10.1088/0031-9155/55/17/010
56. E. Bayouth, D. Wendt, and S. M. Morrill, MLC quality assurance techniques for IMRT applications., Med. Phys. 30, 743-750 (2003). 10.1118/1.1564091
57. G. Mu, E. Ludlum, and P. Xia, Impact of MLC leaf position errors on simple and complex IMRT plans for head and neck cancer., Phys. Med. Biol. 53, 77-88 (2008). 10.1088/0031-9155/53/1/005