Enhanced solvothermal reduction of graphene oxide in a mixed solution of sulfuric acid and organic solvent

Chemical Engineering Journal

Volumn 211-212, Issue , 2012, Pages 97-103

  Tien, Huynh Ngoc ^a   Luan, Van Hoang ^a   Lee, Tae Kyu ^a   Kong, Byung Seon ^b   Chung, Jin Suk ^a   Kim, Eui Jung ^a   Hur, Seung Hyun ^a  

^a University of Ulsan   (South Korea)

^b KCC   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Oxygen reduction reaction; Reduced graphene oxide; Solvothermal reduction

Indexed keywords

ACID CATALYZED DEHYDRATION; ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY; GRAPHENE OXIDES; HIGH QUALITY; MIXED SOLUTION; OXYGEN CONTENT; OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION; REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDES; SOLVOTHERMAL REDUCTION; SYNTHETIC METHODS; VOLTAMMETRY MEASUREMENTS;

CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTROLYTIC REDUCTION; GRAPHENE; ORGANIC SOLVENTS;

SULFURIC ACID;

EID: 84867236722     PISSN: 13858947     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2012.09.046     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Novoselov K.S., Geim A.K., Morozov S.V., Jiang D., Zhang Y., Dubonos S.V., Grigorieva I.V., Firsov A.A. Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films. Science 2004, 306:666-669.
2. Geim A.K., Novoselov K.S. The rise of graphene. Nat. Mater. 2007, 6:183-191.
3. Park S., Ruoff R.S. Chemical methods for the production of graphenes. Nat. Nano 2009, 4:217-224.
4. Watcharotone S., Dikin D.A., Stankovich S., Piner R., Jung I., Dommett G.H.B., Evmenenko G., Wu S.-E., Chen S.-F., Liu C.-P., Nguyen S.T., Ruoff R.S. Graphene-silica composite thin films as transparent conductors. Nano Lett. 2007, 7:1888-1892.
5. Liu J., Yin Z., Cao X., Zhao F., Lin A., Xie L., Fan Q., Boey F., Zhang H., Huang W. Bulk heterojunction polymer memory devices with reduced graphene oxide as electrodes. ACS Nano 2010, 4:3987-3992.
6. Park S., An J., Suk J.W., Ruoff R.S. Graphene-based actuators. Small 2010, 6:210-212.
7. Reina A., Jia X., Ho J., Nezich D., Son H., Bulovic V., Dresselhaus M.S., Kong J. Large area few-layer graphene films on arbitrary substrates by chemical vapor deposition. Nano Lett. 2008, 9:30-35.
8. 2 carbon: crystalline graphene nanoribbons. Nano Lett. 2008, 8:2773-2778.
9. Zhang Y., Tan Y.-W., Stormer H.L., Kim P. Experimental observation of the quantum Hall effect and Berry's phase in graphene. Nature 2005, 438:201-204.
10. Zhang Y., Small J.P., Amori M.E.S., Kim P. Electric field modulation of galvanomagnetic properties of mesoscopic graphite. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2005, 94:176803.
11. Stankovich S., Dikin D.A., Dommett G.H.B., Kohlhaas K.M., Zimney E.J., Stach E.A., Piner R.D., Nguyen S.T., Ruoff R.S. Graphene-based composite materials. Nature 2006, 442:282-286.
12. Stankovich S., Dikin D.A., Piner R.D., Kohlhaas K.A., Kleinhammes A., Jia Y., Wu Y., Nguyen S.T., Ruoff R.S. Synthesis of graphene-based nanosheets via chemical reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide. Carbon 2007, 45:1558-1565.
13. Niyogi S., Bekyarova E., Itkis M.E., McWilliams J.L., Hamon M.A., Haddon R.C. Solution properties of graphite and graphene. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128:7720-7721.
14. Park S., An J., Jung I., Piner R.D., An S.J., Li X., Velamakanni A., Ruoff R.S. Colloidal suspensions of highly reduced graphene oxide in a wide variety of organic solvents. Nano Lett. 2009, 9:1593-1597.
15. Schniepp H.C., Li J.-L., McAllister M.J., Sai H., Herrera-Alonso M., Adamson D.H., Prud'homme R.K., Car R., Saville D.A., Aksay I.A. Functionalized single graphene sheets derived from splitting graphite oxide. J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110:8535-8539.
16. Lomeda J.R., Doyle C.D., Kosynkin D.V., Hwang W.-F., Tour J.M. Diazonium functionalization of surfactant-wrapped chemically converted graphene sheets. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130:16201-16206.
17. Si Y., Samulski E.T. Synthesis of water soluble graphene. Nano Lett. 2008, 8:1679-1682.
18. Muszynski R., Seger B., Kamat P.V. Decorating graphene sheets with gold nanoparticles. J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112:5263-5266.
19. Fan Z., Wang K., Wei T., Yan J., Song L., Shao B. An environmentally friendly and efficient route for the reduction of graphene oxide by aluminum powder. Carbon 2010, 48:1686-1689.
20. Dey R.S., Hajra S., Sahu R.K., Raj C.R., Panigrahi M.K. A rapid room temperature chemical route for the synthesis of graphene: metal-mediated reduction of graphene oxide. Chem. Commun. 2012, 48:1787-1789.
21. Chen Y., Zhang X., Yu P., Ma Y. Stable dispersions of graphene and highly conducting graphene films: a new approach to creating colloids of graphene monolayers. Chem. Commun. 2009, 4527-4529.
22. Zhang D., Zhang X., Chen Y., Wang C., Ma Y. An environment-friendly route to synthesize reduced graphene oxide as a supercapacitor electrode material. Electrochim. Acta 2012, 69:364-370.
23. Fernández-Merino M.J., Guardia L., Paredes J.I., Villar-Rodil S., Solís-Fernández P., Martínez-Alonso A., Tascón J.M.D. Vitamin C is an ideal substitute for hydrazine in the reduction of graphene oxide suspensions. J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114:6426-6432.
24. Gao J., Liu F., Liu Y., Ma N., Wang Z., Zhang X. Environment-friendly method to produce graphene that employs vitamin C and amino acid. Chem. Mater. 2010, 22:2213-2218.
25. Zhu C., Guo S., Fang Y., Dong S. Reducing sugar: new functional molecules for the green synthesis of graphene nanosheets. ACS Nano 2010, 4:2429-2437.
26. Liu J., Fu S., Yuan B., Li Y., Deng Z. Toward a universal " adhesive nanosheet" for the assembly of multiple nanoparticles based on a protein-induced reduction/decoration of graphene oxide. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132:7279-7281.
27. Gao W., Alemany L.B., Ci L., Ajayan P.M. New insights into the structure and reduction of graphite oxide. Nat. Chem. 2009, 1:403-408.
28. D. Kim, S.J. Yang, Y.S. Kim, H. Jung, C.R. Park, Simple and cost-effective reduction of graphite oxide by sulfuric acid, Carbon.
29. Hassan H.M.A., Abdelsayed V., Khder A.E.R.S., AbouZeid K.M., Terner J., El-Shall M.S., Al-Resayes S.I., El-Azhary A.A. Microwave synthesis of graphene sheets supporting metal nanocrystals in aqueous and organic media. J. Mater. Chem. 2009, 19.
30. Chen W., Yan L., Bangal P.R. Preparation of graphene by the rapid and mild thermal reduction of graphene oxide induced by microwaves. Carbon 2010, 51:1146-1152.
31. 2 thin film for photoinactivation of bacteria in solar light irradiation. J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 113:20214-20220.
32. Salas E.C., Sun Z., Lüttge A., Tour J.M. Reduction of graphene oxide via bacterial respiration. ACS Nano 2010, 4:5152-5156.
33. Compton O.C., Jain B., Dikin D.A., Abouimrane A., Amine K., Nguyen S.T. Chemically active reduced graphene oxide with tunable C/O ratios. ACS Nano 2011, 5:4380-4391.
34. Dubin S., Gilje S., Wang K., Tung V.C., Cha K., Hall A.S., Farrar J., Varshneya R., Yang Y., Kaner R.B. A one-step solvothermal reduction method for producing reduced graphene oxide dispersions in organic solvents. ACS Nano 2010, 4:3845-3852.
35. Luo D., Zhang G., Liu J., Sun X. Evaluation criteria for reduced graphene oxide. J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115:11327-11335.
36. Zhou Y., Bao Q., Tang L.A.L., Zhong Y., Loh K.P. Hydrothermal dehydration for the " green" reduction of exfoliated graphene oxide to graphene and demonstration of tunable optical limiting properties. Chem. Mater. 2009, 21:2950-2956.
37. Wang H., Robinson J.T., Li X., Dai H. Solvothermal reduction of chemically exfoliated graphene sheets. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131:9910-9911.
38. Pham V.H., Cuong T.V., Hur S.H., Oh E., Kim E.J., Shin E.W., Chung J.S. Chemical functionalization of graphene sheets by solvothermal reduction of a graphene oxide suspension in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21.
39. Furst A., Berlo R.C., Hooton S. Hydrazine as a reducing agent for organic compounds (catalytic hydrazine reductions). Chem. Rev. 1965, 65:51-68.
40. Schliebs R. Hydrazine and its derivatives. preparation, properties, applications. Angew Chem. 1985, 97:360.
41. Paredes J.I., Villar-Rodil S., Fernandez-Merino M.J., Guardia L., Martinez-Alonso A., Tascon J.M.D. Environmentally friendly approaches toward the mass production of processable graphene from graphite oxide. J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21.
42. Shmukler L., Van Thuc N., Fadeeva Y., Safonova L. Proton conducting gel electrolytes based on polymethylmethacrylate doped with sulfuric acid solutions in N,N-dimethylformamide. J. Polym. Res. 2012, 19:1-8.
43. Hummers W.S., Offeman R.E. Preparation of graphitic oxide. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80:1339.
44. Paredes J.I., Villar-Rodil S., Martínez-Alonso A., Tascón J.M.D. Graphene oxide dispersions in organic solvents. Langmuir 2008, 24:10560-10564.
45. Zhang J., Yang H., Shen G., Cheng P., Zhang J., Guo S. Reduction of graphene oxide vial-ascorbic acid. Chem. Commun. 2010, 46:123-126.
46. Stankovich S., Piner R.D., Chen X., Wu N., Nguyen S.T., Ruoff R.S. Stable aqueous dispersions of graphitic nanoplatelets via the reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide in the presence of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate). J. Mater. Chem. 2006, 16:155-158.
47. Vesel A., Mozetic M. Surface functionalization of organic materials by weakly ionized highly dissociated oxygen plasma. J. Phys. Conf. Ser 2009, 162:012015.
48. Sheng Z.H., Shao L., Chen J.J., Bao W.J., Wang F.B., Xia X.H. Catalyst-free synthesis of nitrogen-doped graphene via thermal annealing graphite oxide with melamine and its excellent electrocatalysis. ACS Nano 2011, 5:4350-4358.
49. Yang Z., Yao Z., Li G., Fang G., Nie H., Liu Z., Zhou X., Chen X.a., Huang S. Sulfur-doped graphene as an efficient metal-free cathode catalyst for oxygen reduction. ACS Nano 2011, 6:205-211.
50. Li D., Muller M.B., Gilje S., Kaner R.B., Wallace G.G. Processable aqueous dispersions of graphene nanosheets. Nat. Nano 2008, 3:101-105.
51. Nethravathi C., Rajamathi M. Chemically modified graphene sheets produced by the solvothermal reduction of colloidal dispersions of graphite oxide. Carbon 2008, 46:1994-1998.
52. Gao X., Jang J., Nagase S. Hydrazine and thermal reduction of graphene oxide: reaction mechanisms, product structures, and reaction design. J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 114:832-842.
53. Su Y.S., Xu Y., Zhang W., Zhao J., Tang X., Tsai C.H., Li L.J. Electrical and spectroscopic characterizations of ultra-large reduced graphene oxide monolayers. Chem. Mater. 2009, 21:5674-5680.
54. Lerf A., Buchsteiner A., Pieper J., Schöttl S., Dekany I., Szabo T., Boehm H.P. Hydration behavior and dynamics of water molecules in graphite oxide. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 2006, 67:1106-1110.
55. Robertson G.P., Mikhailenko S.D., Wang K., Xing P., Guiver M.D., Kaliaguine S. Casting solvent interactions with sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) during proton exchange membrane fabrication. J. Membr. Sci. 2003, 219:113-121.
56. Tang L., Wang Y., Li Y., Feng H., Lu J., Li J. Preparation, structure, and electrochemical properties of reduced graphene sheet films. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2009, 19:2782-2789.
57. Deakin M.R., Wightman R.M. The kinetics of some substituted catechol/o-quinone couples at a carbon paste electrode. J. Electroanal. Chem. 1986, 206:167-177.