Children's emotion regulation across and within nations: A comparison of Ghanaian, Kenyan, and American youth

British Journal of Developmental Psychology

Volumn 30, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 415-431

  Morelen, Diana ^a   Zeman, Janice ^b   Perry Parrish, Carisa ^c   Anderson, Ellen ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA   (United States)

^b The College of William and Mary   (United States)

^c JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^d INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANGER; ARTICLE; CHILD; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROL; CULTURAL FACTOR; EMOTION; FACTORIAL ANALYSIS; FEMALE; GHANA; HAPPINESS; HUMAN; KENYA; MALE; PSYCHOMETRY; RURAL POPULATION; SEX DIFFERENCE; UNITED STATES; URBAN POPULATION;

ADOLESCENT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANGER; CHILD; CROSS-CULTURAL COMPARISON; EMOTIONS; FACTOR ANALYSIS, STATISTICAL; FEMALE; GHANA; HAPPINESS; HUMANS; INTERNAL-EXTERNAL CONTROL; KENYA; MALE; PSYCHOMETRICS; RURAL POPULATION; SEX FACTORS; UNITED STATES; URBAN POPULATION;

EID: 84865009290     PISSN: 0261510X     EISSN: 2044835X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-835X.2011.02050.x     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Adrian, M., Zeman, J., & Veits, G. (2011). Methodological implications of the affect revolution: A 35-year review of emotion regulation assessment in children. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 110, 171-197.
2. Becht, M. C., & Vingerhoets, J. J. M. (2002). Crying and mood change: A cross-cultural study. Cognition & Emotion, 16, 87-101. doi:10.1080/02699930143000149
3. Bowie, B. (2010). Understanding the gender differences in pathways to social deviancy: Relational aggression and emotion regulation. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 24, 27-37. doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2009.04.007
4. Brody, L. (2000). The socialization of gender differences in emotional expression: Display rules, infant temperament, and differentiation. In A. H. Fischer (Ed.), Gender and emotion: Social psychological perspectives. Studies in emotion and social interaction (pp. 24-47). New York : Cambridge University Press.
5. Buckner, J. C., Bassuk, E. L., Weinreb, L., & Brooks, M. (1999). Homelessness and its relation to the mental health and behavior of low-income school-age children. Developmental Psychology, 35, 246-257. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.35.1.246
6. Campos, J. J., Mumme, D. L., Kermoian, R., & Campos, R. G. (1994). A Functionalist perspective on the nature of emotion. In N. A. Fox (Ed.), The development of emotion regulation: Behavioral and biological considerations. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 59, 284-303.
7. Central Intelligence Agency. (2011a). The world factbook. Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/index.html
8. Central Intelligence Agency. (2011b). The world factbook: Definitions and notes. Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/docs/notesanddefs.html?countryName=Ghana&countryCode=gh®ionCode=af#2046
9. Cole, P. (1986). Children's spontaneous control of facial expression. Child Development, 57, 1309-1321. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.ep7252163
10. Cole, P. M., Bruschi, C. J., & Tamang, B. L. (2002). Cultural differences in children's emotional reactions to difficult situations. Child Development, 73, 983-996. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00451
11. Cole, P. M., & Tamang, B. L. (1998). Nepali children's ideas about emotional displays in hypothetical challenges. Developmental Psychology, 34, 640-646. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.34.4.640
12. Cole, P. M., Tamang, B. L., & Shrestha, S. (2006). Cultural variations in the socialization of young children's anger and shame. Child Development, 77, 1237-1251. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00931.x
13. Eisenberg, N., Cumberland, A., & Spinrad, T. L. (1998). Parental socialization of emotion. Psychological Inquiry, 9, 241-273. doi:10.1207/s15327965pli0904_1
14. Eisenberg, N., Hofer, C., & Vaughan, J. (2007). Effortful control and its socioemotional consequences. In J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. 287-306). New York, NY : Guilford Press.
15. Eisenberg, N., & Spinrad, T. L. (2004). Emotion-related regulation: Sharpening the definition. Child Development, 75, 334-339. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00674.x
16. Ekman, P. (1999). Facial expressions. In T. Dalgleish & M. Power (Eds.), Handbook of cognition and emotion (pp. 301-320). New York, NY : John Wiley & Sons.
17. Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1971). Constants across cultures in the face and emotions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 17, 124-129. doi:10.1037/h0030377
18. Evans, G. W., & English, K. (2002). The environment of poverty: Multiple stressor exposure, psychophysiological stress, and socioemotional adjustment. Child Development, 73, 1238-1248. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00469
19. Fischer, A. H., & Manstead, A. S. R. (2000). The relation between gender and emotion in different cultures. In A. H. Fischer (Ed.), Gender and emotion: Social psychological perspectives (pp. 71-96). Cambridge, England : Cambridge University Press.
20. Fox, N., & Calkins, S. D. (2003). The development of self-control of emotion: Intrinsic and extrinsic influences. Motivation and Emotion, 27, 7-26. doi:10.1023/A:1023622324898
21. Gilliom, M., Shaw, D., Beck, J. E., Schonberg, M. A., & Lukon, J. L. (2002). Anger regulation in disadvantaged preschool boys: Strategies, antecedents, and the development of self-control. Developmental Psychology, 38, 222-235. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.38.2.222
22. Gottman, J. M., Katz, L. F., & Hooven, C. (1996). Parental meta-emotion philosophy and the emotional life of families: Theoretical models and preliminary data. Journal of Family Psychology, 10, 243-268.
23. Kim-Prieto, C., & Eid, M. (2004). Norms for experiencing emotions in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Happiness Studies, 5, 241-268. doi:10.1007/s10531-004-8787-2
24. Kithakye, M., Morris, A. S., Terranova, A. M., & Myers, S. S. (2010). The Kenyan political conflict and children's adjustment. Child Development, 81, 1114-1128. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01457.x
25. Kliewer, W., Reid-Quiñones, K., Shields, B. J., & Foutz, L. (2009). Multiple risks, emotion regulation skill, and cortisol in low-income African American youth: A prospective study. Journal of Black Psychology, 35, 24-43. doi:10.1177/0095798408323355
26. Kusserow, A. (1999). De-homogenizing American individualism: Socializing hard and soft individualism in Manhattan and Queens. Ethos, 27, 210-234. doi:10.1525/eth.1999.27.2.210
27. Lutz, C. A. (1988). Unnatural emotions: Everyday sentiments on a Micronesian atoll & their challenge to Western theory. Chicago, IL : University of Chicago Press.
28. Marfo, K. (2011). Envisioning an African child development field. Child Development Perspectives, 5, 140-147.
29. Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1994).The cultural construction of self and emotion: Implications for social behavior. In S. Kitayama & H. R. Markus (Eds.), Emotion and culture: Empirical studies of mutual influence (pp. 89-130). Washington, DC : American Psychological Association.
30. Mathare Roots (2010). The slum. Retrieved from http://www.mathareroots.org/index.php?id=50
31. Matsumoto, D., Takeuchi, S., Andayani, S., Kouznetsova, N., & Krupp, D. (1998). The contribution of individualism-collectivism to cross-national differences in display rules. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 1, 147-165. doi:10.1111/1467-839X.00010
32. McLoyd, V. C. (1998). Socioeconomic disadvantage and child development. American Psychologist, 53, 185-204. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.53.2.185
33. Mesquita, B., & Frijda, N. H. (1992). Cultural variations in emotions: A review. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 179-204. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.112.2.179
34. Miller, P. J. (1986). Teasing as language socialization and verbal play in a white working-class community. In B. B. Schieffelin & E. Ochs (Eds.), Language socialization across cultures (pp. 199-212). Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
35. Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development and Maks Publications & Media Services (August 2010). Volta Region: Kpando. Retrieved from http://www.ghanadistricts.com/districts/?r=7&_=123&sa=2583
36. Olson, S., Sameroff, A., Lunkenheimer, E., & Kerr, D. (2009). Self-regulatory processes in the development of disruptive behavior problems: The preschool-to-school transition. In S. L. Olson & A. J. Sameroff (Eds.), Biopsychosocial regulatory processes in the development of childhood behavioral problems (pp. 144-185). New York, NY : Cambridge University Press.
37. Perry-Parrish, C., & Zeman, J. (2011). Relations among sadness regulation, peer acceptance, and social functioning in early adolescence: The role of gender. Social Development, 20, 135-153. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9507.2009.00568.x
38. Raval, V., Martini, T., & Raval, P. (2007). 'Would others think it is okay to express my feelings?' Regulation of anger, sadness and physical pain in Gujarati children in India. Social Development, 16, 79-105. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9507.2007.00373.x
39. Raver, C. C. (2004), Placing emotional self-regulation in sociocultural and socioeconomic contexts. Child Development, 75, 346-353. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00676.x
40. Rothbart, M. K., & Bates, J. E. (2006). Temperament. In W. Damon (Series Ed.) & N. Eisenberg (Vol. Ed), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 3. Social, emotional, and personality development (6th ed., pp. 105-176). New York : Wiley.
41. Rutter, M., & Sroufe, L. A. (2000). Developmental psychopathology: Concepts and challenges. Development and Psychopathology, 12, 265-296. doi:10.1017/S0954579400003023
42. Saarni, C. (1999). The development of emotional competence. New York : Guilford Press.
43. Shields, S. A. (1991). Gender in the psychology of emotion: A selective research review. In K. T. Strongman (Ed.), International review of studies on emotion (Vol. 1, pp. 227-245). New York : Wiley.
44. Stevens, J. (1996). Multivariate statistics for the social sciences. Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum.
45. Super, C. M., & Harkness, S. (2002). Culture structures the environment for development. Human Development, 45, 270-274. doi:10.1159/000064988
46. Super, C. M., Harkness, S., Barry, O., & Zeitlin, M. (2011). Think locally, act globally: Contributions of African research to child development. Child Development Perspectives, 5, 119-125.
47. Underwood, M. K., Coie, J. D., & Herbsman, C. R. (1992). Display rules for anger and aggression in school-age children. Child Development, 63, 366-380. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1992.tb01633.x
48. U.S. Census Bureau. (2010). Poverty: Highlights. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty/about/overview/index.html
49. Wang, Q., & Fivush, R. (2005). Mother-child conversations of emotionally salient events: Exploring the functions of reminiscing in Euro-American and Chinese families. Social Development, 14, 473-495. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9507.2005.00312.x
50. Yagmurlu, B., & Altan, O. (2009). Maternal socialization and child temperament as predictors of emotion regulation in Turkish preschoolers. Infant and Child Development, 19, 275-296. doi:10.1002/icd.646
51. Zeman, J., Cassano, M., Perry-Parrish, C., & Stegall, S. (2006). Emotion regulation in children and adolescents. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 27, 155-168. doi:10.1097/00004703-200604000-00014
52. Zeman, J., & Garber, G. (1996). Display rules for anger, sadness, and pain: It depends on who is watching. Child Development, 67, 957-973. doi:10.2307/1131873
53. Zeman, J., & Shipman, K. (1997). Social-contextual influences on expectancies of managing anger and sadness: The transition from middle childhood to adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 33, 917-924. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.33.6.917
54. Zeman, J., Shipman, K., & Penza-Clyve, S. (2001). Development and initial validation of the children's sadness management scale. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 23, 187-205. doi:10.1023/A:1010623226626