Neuropeptide signaling mechanisms in crustacean and insect molting glands

Invertebrate Reproduction and Development

Volumn 56, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 33-49

  Covi, Joseph A ^a   Chang, Ernest S ^b   Mykles, Donald L ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN STEVENS POINT   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS   (United States)

^c Veterinary Dentistry and Oral Surgery   (United States)

Author keywords

Arthropoda; Calcineurin; Calcium; Calmodulin; CAMP; CGMP; Crustacea; Crustacean hyperglycemic hormone; Ecdysteroid; Guanylyl cyclase; Hormone; Insecta; Molt inhibiting hormone; Molting; Neuropeptide; Nitric oxide synthase; NO; Protein kinase; Prothoracic gland; Prothoracicotropic hormone; Y organ

Indexed keywords

ARTHROPODA; BOMBYX MORI; CRUSTACEA; DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER; ECDYSOZOA; HEXAPODA; INSECTA; LEPIDOPTERA; MANDUCA SEXTA;

EID: 84862884095     PISSN: 07924259     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2011.588009     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (122)

1. Abramowitz AA, Hisaw FL, Papandrea DN. 1944. The occurrence of a diabetogenic factor in the eyestalks of crustaceans. The Biological Bulletin. 86:1-5.
2. Aiken DE. 1969. Photoperiod endocrinology and crustacean molt cycle. Science. 164:149-155.
3. Asazuma H, Nagata S, Katayama H, Ohira T, Nagasawa H. 2005. Characterization of a molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH) receptor in the Y-organ of the kuruma prawn, Marsupenaeus japonicus. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1040:215-218. (Pubitemid 40979779)
4. Avarre JC, Khayat M, Michelis R, Nagasawa H, Tietz A, Lubzens E. 2001. Inhibition of de novo synthesis of a jelly layer precursor protein by crustacean hyperglycemic hormone family peptides and posttranscriptional regulation by sinus gland extracts in Penaeus semisulcatus ovaries. General and Comparative Endocrinology. 124:257-268. (Pubitemid 34074987)
5. Baghdassarian D, de Besse N, Saidi B, Somme G, Lachaise F. 1996. Neuropeptide-induced inhibition of steroidogenesis in crab molting glands: involvement of cGMP-dependent protein kinase. General and Comparative Endocrinology. 104:41-51. (Pubitemid 26330921)
6. Böcking D, Dircksen H, Keller R. 2002. The crustacean neuropeptides of the CHH/MIH/GIH family: structures and biological activities. In: Weise K, editor. The crustacean nervous system. Berlin (Germany): Springer p. 84-97.
7. Brown MR, Sieglaff DH, Rees HH. 2009. Gonadal ecdysteroidogenesis in Arthropoda: occurrence and regulation. Annual Review of Entomology. 54:105-125.
8. Butenandt A, Karlson P. 1954. Uber die Isolierung eines Metamorphose-Hormons der Insekten in Kristallisierter Form. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. 98:389-391.
9. Chan SM, Chen XG, Gu PL. 1998. PCR cloning and expression of the molt-inhibiting hormone gene for the crab (Charybdis feriatus). Gene. 224:23-33.
10. Chang ES. 1995. Physiological and biochemical changes during the molt cycle in decapod crustaceans: an overview. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 193:1-14.
11. Chang ES. 1997. Chemistry of crustacean hormones that regulate growth and reproduction. In: Fingerman M, Nagabhushanam R, Thompson M-F, editors. Vol. 1. Recent advances in marine biotechnology, endocrinology and reproduction. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. p. 163-178.
12. Chang ES. 2005. Stressed-out lobsters: crustacean hyperglycemic hormone and stress proteins. Integrative and Comparative Biology. 45:43-50. (Pubitemid 40748098)
13. Chang ES, Bruce MJ. 1980. Ecdysteroid titers of juvenile lobsters following molt induction. Journal of Experimental Zoology. 214:157-160.
14. Chang ES, Kaufman WR. 2005. Endocrinology of crustacea and chelicerata. In: Gilbert LI, Iatrou K, Gill SS, editors. Vol. 3. Comprehensive molecular insect science. Oxford (UK): Elsevier. p. 805-842.
15. Chang ES, Prestwich GD, Bruce MJ. 1990. Amino acid sequence of a peptide with both molt-inhibiting and hyperglycemic activities in the lobster, Homarus americanus. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 171:818-826. (Pubitemid 20289457)
16. Charmantier-Daures M, Charmantier G, Janssen KPC, Aiken DE, Van Herp F. 1994. Involvement of eyestalk factors in the neuroendocrine control of osmoregulation in adult American lobster Homarus americanus. General and Comparative Endocrinology. 94:281-293. (Pubitemid 24198095)
17. Chen CH, Gu SH, Chow YS. 2001. Adenylate cyclase in prothoracic glands during the last larval instar of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 31:659-664.
18. Chen HY, Watson RD, Chen JC, Liu HF, Lee CY. 2007. Molecular characterization and gene expression pattern of two putative molt-inhibiting hormones from Litopenaeus vannamei. General and Comparative Endocrinology. 151:72-81.
19. Chung JS. 2010. Hemolymph ecdysteroids during the last three molt cycles of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus: quantitative and qualitative analysis and regulation. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology. 73:1-13.
20. Chung JS, Webster SG. 2003. Moult cycle-related changes in biological activity of moult-inhibiting hormone (MIH) and crustacean hyperglycaemic hormone (CHH) in the crab, Carcinus maenas. From target to transcript. European Journal of Biochemistry. 270:3280-3288. (Pubitemid 36930194)
21. Chung JS, Webster SG. 2005. Dynamics of in vivo release of molt-inhibiting hormone and crustacean hyperglycemic hormone in the shore crab, Carcinus maenas. Endocrinology. 146:5545-5551. (Pubitemid 41653070)
22. Chung JS, Webster SG. 2006. Binding sites of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone and its second messengers on gills and hindgut of the green shore crab, Carcinus maenas: a possible osmoregulatory role. General and Comparative Endocrinology. 147:206-213.
23. Chung JS, Wilkinson MC, Webster SG. 1998. Amino acid sequences of both isoforms of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) and corresponding precursor-related peptide in Cancer pagurus. Regulatory Peptides. 77:17-24. (Pubitemid 28467084)
24. Chung JS, Zmora N, Katayama H, Tsutsui N. 2010. Crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) neuropeptides family: functions, titer, and binding to target tissues. General and Comparative Endocrinology. 166:447-454.
25. Colombani J, Bianchini L, Layalle S, Pondeville E, Dauphin- Villemant C, Antoniewski C, Carre C, Noselli S, Leopold P. 2005. Antagonistic actions of ecdysone and insulins determine final size in Drosophila. Science. 310:667-670. (Pubitemid 41528157)
26. Covi JA, Chang ES, Mykles DL. 2009. Conserved role of cyclic nucleotides in the regulation of ecdysteroidogenesis by the crustacean molting gland. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology. 152A:470-477.
27. Covi J, Gomez A, Chang S, Lee K, Chang E, Mykles D. 2008. Repression of Y-organ ecdysteroidogenesis by cyclic nucleotides and agonists of NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase. In: Morris S, Vosloo A, editors. Proceedings of the 4th Meeting of Comparative Physiologists & Biochemists in Africa - Mara 2008 - Molecules to Migration: The Pressures of Life. 2008 July 19-25; Kenya. Bologna (Italy): Monduzzi Editore International, p. 37-46.
28. De Kleijn DPV, Van Herp F. 1995. Molecular biology of neurohormone precursors in the eyestalk of Crustacea. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 112B:573-579. (Pubitemid 26037002)
29. Dell S, Sedlmeier D, Böcking D, Dauphin-Villemant C. 1999. Ecdysteroid biosynthesis in crayfish Y-organs: feedback regulation by circulating ecdysteroids. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology. 41:148-155. (Pubitemid 129534057)
30. Drach P. 1939. Mue et cycle d'intermue chez les Crustaces Decapodes. Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique. 19:103-391.
31. Fanjul-Moles ML. 2006. Biochemical and functional aspects of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone in decapod crustaceans: review and update. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Pharmacology Toxicology and Endocrinology. 142C:390-400.
32. 2+ signaling in prothoracicotropic hormone-stimulated prothoracic gland cells of Manduca sexta: evidence for mobilization and entry mechanisms. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 35:263-275. (Pubitemid 40335938)
33. Gilbert LI, Rewitz KF. 2009. The function and evolution of the halloween genes: the pathway to the arthropod molting hormone. In: Smagghe G, editor. Ecdysone: structures and function. Dordrecht (The Netherlands): Springer p. 231-269.
34. Gilbert LI, Rybczynski R, Warren JT. 2002. Control and biochemical nature of the ecdysteroidogenic pathway. Annual Review of Entomology. 47:883-916. (Pubitemid 34108598)
35. Goy MF. 1990. Activation of membrane guanylate cyclase by an invertebrate peptide hormone. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 265:20220-20227. (Pubitemid 120013998)
36. Gu SH, Chow YS. 2005. Analysis of ecdysteroidogenic activity of the prothoracic glands during the last larval instar of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology. 58:17-26.
37. Gu SH, Chow YS, Lin FJ, Wu JL, Ho RJ. 1996. A deficiency in prothoracicotropic hormone transduction pathway during the early last larval instar of Bombyx mori. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 120:99-105.
38. Gu SH, Chow YS, O'Reilly DR. 1998. Role of calcium in the stimulation of ecdysteroidogenesis by recombinant prothoracicotropic hormone in the prothoracic glands of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 28:861-867.
39. Gu SH, Chow YS, Yin CM. 1997. Involvement of juvenile hormone in regulation of prothoracicotropic hormone transduction during the early last larval instar of Bombyx mori. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 127:109-116.
40. Gu PL, Chu KH, Chan SM. 2001. Bacterial expression of the shrimp molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH): antibody production, immunocytochemical study and biological assay. Cell and Tissue Research. 303:129-136. (Pubitemid 32200294)
41. Gu SH, Lin JL. 2009. Recent studies on prothoracic gland cell growth and ecdysteroidogenesis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. In: Smagghe G, editor. Ecdysone: structures and functions. Dordrecht (The Netherlands): Springer p. 271-281.
42. 2+/ calmodulin and receptor tyrosine kinase. Journal of Insect Physiology. 56:93-101.
43. Gu SH, Lin JL, Lin PL, Chen CH. 2009. Insulin stimulates ecdysteroidogenesis by prothoracic glands in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 39:171-179.
44. Gu SH, Tsia WH, Chow YS. 2000. Temporal analysis of ecdysteroidogenic activity of the prothoracic glands during the fourth larval instar of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 30:499-505.
45. Hampshire F, Horn DHS. 1966. Structure of crustecdysone, a crustacean moulting hormone. Chemical Communications. 1966:37-38.
46. Hopkins PM. 2009. Crustacean ecdysteroids and their receptors. In: Smagghe G, editor. Ecdysone: structures and functions. Dordrecht (The Netherlands): Springer p. 73-97.
47. Hopkins PM, Bliss DE, Sheehan SW, Boyer JR. 1979. Limb growth-controlling factors in the crab Gecarcinus lateralis, with special reference to the limb growth-inhibiting factor. General and Comparative Endocrinology. 39:192-207. (Pubitemid 10242668)
48. Horn DHS, Middleton EJ, Wunderlich JA, Hampshire F. 1966. Identity of the moulting hormones of insects and crustaceans. Chemical Communications. 1966:339-340.
49. Huang X, Warren JT, Gilbert LI. 2008. New players in the regulation of ecdysone biosynthesis. Journal of Genetics and Genomics. 35:1-10.
50. Huber R, Hoppe W. 1965. Zur Chemie des Ecdysons. VII. Die Kristall- und Molekulstruktur Analyse des Insektenverpuppungshormons Ecdyson mit der automatisierten Faltmolekulmethode. Chemische Berichte. 98:2403-2424.
51. Jegla TC, Ruland C, Kegel G, Keller R. 1983. The role of the Y-organ and cephalic gland in ecdysteroid production and the control of molting in the crayfish, Orconectes limosus. Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology. 152:91-95.
52. Karlson P, Hoffmeister H, Hummel H, Hocks P, Spiteller G. 1965. Zur Chemie des Ecdysons. VI. Reaktionen des Ecdysonmolekuls. Chemische Berichte. 98:2394-2402.
53. Katayama H, Nagata K, Ohira T, Yumoto F, Tanokura M, Nagasawa H. 2003. The solution structure of moltinhibiting hormone from the kuruma prawn Marsupenaeus japonicus. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278:9620-9623. (Pubitemid 36800457)
54. Katayama H, Ohira T, Aida K, Nagasawa H. 2002. Significance of a carboxyl-terminal amide moiety in the folding and biological activity of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone. Peptides. 23:1537-1546. (Pubitemid 35246272)
55. Katayama H, Ohira T, Nagata S, Nagasawa H. 2004. Structure-activity relationship of crustacean molt-inhibiting hormone from the kuruma prawn Marsupenaeus japonicus. Biochemistry. 43:9629-9635. (Pubitemid 38993813)
56. Kim HW, Batista LA, Hoppes JL, Lee KJ, Mykles DL. 2004. A crustacean nitric oxide synthase expressed in nerve ganglia, Y-organ, gill and gonad of the tropical land crab, Gecarcinus lateralis. Journal of Experimental Biology. 207:2845-2857. (Pubitemid 39123266)
57. Kone BC. 2001. Molecular biology of natriuretic peptides and nitric oxide synthases. Cardiovascular Research. 51:429-441. (Pubitemid 32718591)
58. Lachaise F, Carpentier G, Somme G, Colardeau J, Beydon P. 1989. Ecdysteroid synthesis by crab Y-organs. Journal of Experimental Zoology. 252:283-292. (Pubitemid 20089010)
59. Lacombe C, Grève P, Martin G. 1999. Overview on the subgrouping of the crustacean hyperglycemic hormone family. Neuropeptides. 33:71-80. (Pubitemid 29248967)
60. Layalle S, Arquier N, Leopold P. 2008. The TOR pathway couples nutrition and developmental timing in Drosophila. Developmental Cell. 15:568-577.
61. Lee SG, Bader BD, Chang ES, Mykles DL. 2007b. Effects of elevated ecdysteroid on tissue expression of three guanylyl cyclases in the tropical land crab Gecarcinus lateralis: possible roles of neuropeptide signaling in the molting gland. Journal of Experimental Biology. 210:3245-3254. (Pubitemid 350033134)
62. Lee KJ, Kim HW, Gomez AM, Chang ES, Covi JA, Mykles DL. 2007a. Molt-inhibiting hormone from the tropical land crab, Gecarcinus lateralis: cloning, tissue expression, and expression of biologically active recombinant peptide in yeast. General and Comparative Endocrinology. 150:505-513. (Pubitemid 46037651)
63. Lee SG, Kim HW, Mykles DL. 2007c. Guanylyl cyclases in the tropical land crab, Gecarcinus lateralis: Cloning of soluble (NO-sensitive and -insensitive) and membrane receptor forms. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics. 2D:332-344. (Pubitemid 350020838)
64. Lee SG, Mykles DL. 2006. Proteomics and signal transduction in the crustacean molting gland. Integrative and Comparative Biology. 46:965-977. (Pubitemid 44736432)
65. Lee KJ, Watson RD. 2002. Expression of crustacean (Callinectes sapidus) molt-inhibiting hormone in insect cells using recombinant baculovirus. Journal of Experimental Zoology. 292:41-51. (Pubitemid 34088590)
66. Lee KJ, Watson RD, Roer RD. 1998. Molt-inhibiting hormone mRNA levels and ecdysteroid titer during a molt cycle of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 249:624-627. (Pubitemid 28441888)
67. Lin CY, Chen SH, Kou GH, Kuo CM. 1998. Identification and characterization of a hyperglycemic hormone from freshwater giant prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology. 121A:315-321. (Pubitemid 29030469)
68. Lin JL, Gu SH. 2007. In vitro and in vivo stimulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) by the prothoracicotropic hormone in prothoracic gland cells and its developmental regulation in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Journal of Insect Physiology. 53:622-631.
69. Liu HF, Lai CY, Watson RD, Lee CY. 2004. Molecular cloning of a putative membrane form guanylyl cyclase from the crayfish Procambarus clarkii. Journal of Experimental Zoology. 301A:512-520. (Pubitemid 38852039)
70. Maniere G, Vanhems E, Delbecque JP. 2000. Cyclic AMPdependent and independent stimulations of ovarian steroidogenesis by brain factors in the blowfly, Phormia regina. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 168:31-40.
71. Maniere G, Vanhems E, Gautron F, Delbecque JP. 2002. Calcium inhibits ovarian steroidogenesis in the blowfly Phormia regina. Journal of Endocrinology. 173: 533-544. (Pubitemid 34704725)
72. Maniere G, Vanhems E, Gautron F, Delbecque JP. 2003. Inhibition of ovarian steroidogenesis by cyclic GMP in a fly. The Journal of Endocrinology. 177:35-44. (Pubitemid 36592585)
73. Maniere G, Vanhems E, Rondot I, Delbecque JP. 2009. Control of ovarian steroidogenesis in insects: a locust neurohormone is active in vitro on blowfly ovaries. General and Comparative Endocrinology. 163:292-297.
74. Marchal E, Vandersmissen HP, Badisco L, Van de Velde S, Verlinden H, Iga M, Van Wielendaele P, Huybrechts R, Simonet G, Smagghe G, et al. 2010. Control of ecdysteroidogenesis in prothoracic glands of insects: a review. Peptides. 31:506-519.
75. Matsumoto Y, Hatano A, Unoki S, Mizunami M. 2009. Stimulation of the cAMP system by the nitric oxide-cGMP system underlying the formation of long-term memory in an insect. Neuroscience Letters. 467:81-85.
76. Matsumoto Y, Unoki S, Aonuma H, Mizunami M. 2006. Critical role of nitric oxide-cGMP cascade in the formation of cAMP-dependent long-term memory. Learning Memory. 13:35-44. (Pubitemid 43200817)
77. McDonald AA, Chang ES, Mykles DL. 2011. Cloning of a nitric oxide synthase from green shore crab, Carcinus maenas: a comparative study of the effects of eyestalk ablation on expression in the molting glands (Y-organs) of C. maenas, and blackback land crab, Gecarcinus lateralis. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology. 158:150-162.
78. Meller VH, Combest WL, Smith WA, Gilbert LI. 1988. A calmodulin-sensitive adenylate cyclase in the prothoracic glands of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 59:67-76.
79. Meller V, Sakurai S, Gilbert LI. 1990. Developmental regulation of calmodulin-dependent adenylate cyclase activity in an insect endocrine gland. Cell Regulation. 1:771-780.
80. Mirth C, Truman JW, Riddiford LM. 2005. The role of the prothoracic gland in determining critical weight to metamorphosis in Drosophila melanogaster. Current Biology. 15:1796-1807. (Pubitemid 41501514)
81. Mykles DL. Forthcoming 2011. Ecdysteroid metabolism in crustaceans. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010. 09.001.
82. Mykles DL, Adams ME, Gade G, Lange AB, Marco HG, Orchard I. 2010. Neuropeptide action in insects and crustaceans. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology. 83:836-846.
83. Nagata S, Namiki T, Ko R, Kataoka H, Suzuki A. 2006. A novel type of receptor cDNA from the prothoracic glands of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry. 70:554-558. (Pubitemid 43289446)
84. Nakatsuji T, Lee CY, Watson RD. 2009. Crustacean moltinhibiting hormone: structure, function, and cellular mode of action. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology. 152A:139-148.
85. Nakatsuji T, Sonobe H. 2004. Regulation of ecdysteroid secretion from the Y-organ by molt-inhibiting hormone in the American crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. General and Comparative Endocrinology. 135:358-364. (Pubitemid 38064249)
86. Nakatsuji T, Sonobe H, Watson RD. 2006. Molt-inhibiting hormone-mediated regulation of ecdysteroid synthesis in Y-organs of the crayfish (Procambarus clarkii): involvement of cyclic GMP and cycle nucleotide phosphodiesterase. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 253:76-82. (Pubitemid 43946573)
87. Ohira T, Watanabe T, Nagasawa H, Aida K. 1997. Molecular cloning of a molt-inhibiting hormone cDNA from the kuruma prawn Penaeus japonicus. Zoological Science. 14:785-789. (Pubitemid 127527533)
88. Okuda M, Sakurai S, Ohtaki T. 1985. Activity of the prothoracic gland and its sensitivity to prothoracicotropic hormone in the penultimimate and last larval instar of Bombyx mori. Journal of Insect Physiology. 31:455-461.
89. Okumura T, Ohira T, Katayama H, Nagasawa H. 2005. In vivo effects of a recombinant molt-inhibiting hormone on molt interval and hemolymph ecdysteroid level in the kuruma prawn, Marsupenaeus japonicus. Zoological Science. 22:317-320. (Pubitemid 40607697)
90. Rewitz KF, Larsen MR, Lobner-Olesen A, Rybczynski R, O'Connor MB, Gilbert LI. 2009a. A phosphoproteomics approach to elucidate neuropeptide signal transduction controlling insect metamorphosis. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 39:475-483.
91. Rewitz KF, Yamanaka N, Gilbert LI, O'Connor MB. 2009b. The insect neuropeptide PTTH activates receptor tyrosine kinase torso to initiate metamorphosis. Science. 326:1403-1405.
92. Rybczynski R. 2005. Prothoracicotropic hormone. In: Gilbert LI, Iatrou K, Gill SS, editors. Vol. 3. Comprehensive molecular insect science. Oxford (UK): Elsevier. p. 61-123.
93. Rybczynski R, Bell SC, Gilbert LI. 2001. Activation of an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) by the insect prothoracicotropic hormone. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 184:1-11. (Pubitemid 32994791)
94. 2+- and cAMPdependent mechanisms in the insect prothoracic glands during metamorphosis. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 205:159-168. (Pubitemid 37297362)
95. Rybczynski R, Gilbert LI. 2006. Protein kinase C modulates ecdysteroidogenesis in the prothoracic gland of the tobacco homworm, Manduca sexta. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 251:78-87. (Pubitemid 43728836)
96. Saïdi B, De BesséN, Webster SG, Sedlmeier D, Lachaise F. 1994. Involvement of cAMP and cGMP in the mode of action of molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH) a neuropeptide which inhibits steroidogenesis in a crab. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 102:53-61. (Pubitemid 24177477)
97. Santos EA, Nery LEM, Keller R, Goncalves AA. 1997. Evidence for the involvement of the crustacean hyperglycemic hormone in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Physiological Zoology. 70:415-420.
98. Sedlmeier D, Fenrich R. 1993. Regulation of ecdysteroid biosynthesis in crayfish Y-organs: I. Role of cyclic nucleotides. Journal of Experimental Zoology. 265:448-453.
99. Sefiani M, Le Caer JP, Soyez D. 1996. Characterization of hyperglycemic and molt-inhibiting activity from sinus glands of the penaeid shrimp Penaeus vannamei. General and Comparative Endocrinology. 103:41-53. (Pubitemid 26240645)
100. Shapiro JP. 1983. Ovarian cyclic AMP and response to a brain hormone from the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Insect Biochemistry. 13:273-279.
101. Skinner DM. 1985a. Interacting factors in the control of the crustacean molt cycle. American Zoologist. 25:275-284.
102. Skinner DM. 1985b. Molting and regeneration. In: Bliss DE, Mantel LH, editors. The biology of crustacea. New York (NY): Academic Press p. 43-146.
103. Smith WA. 1995. Regulation and consequences of cellular changes in the prothoracic glands of Manduca sexta during the last larval instar - a review. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology. 30:271-293.
104. Smith WA, Gilbert LI, Bollenbacher WE. 1984. The role of cyclic AMP in the regulation of ecdysone synthesis. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 37:285-294. (Pubitemid 14031901)
105. Smith WA, Pasquarello TJ. 1989. Developmental changes in phosphodiesterase activity and hormonal response in the prothoracic glands of Manduca sexta. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 63:239-246. (Pubitemid 19113172)
106. Smith W, Priester J, Morais J. 2003. PTTH-stimulated ecdysone secretion is dependent upon tyrosine phosphorylation in the prothoracic glands of Manduca sexta. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 33:1317-1325. (Pubitemid 37488869)
107. Smith WA, Varghese AH, Lou KJ. 1993. Developmental changes in cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase associated with increased secretory capacity of Manduca sexta prothoracic glands. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 90:187-195. (Pubitemid 23024647)
108. Snyder MJ, Chang ES. 1986. Effects of sinus gland extracts on larval molting and ecdysteroid titers of the American lobster, Homarus americanus. The Biological Bulletin. 170:244-254.
109. Soyez D, Noel PY, Van Deijnen JE, Martin M, Morel A, Payen GG. 1990. Neuropeptides from the sinus gland of the lobster Homarus americanus: characterization of hyperglycemic peptides. General and Comparative Endocrinology. 79:261-274. (Pubitemid 20230749)
110. Spaziani E, Mattson MP, Wang WNL, McDougall HE. 1999. Signaling pathways for ecdysteroid hormone synthesis in crustacean Y-organs. American Zoologist. 39:496-512.
111. Styrishave B, Rewitz K, Lund T, Andersen O. 2004. Variations in ecdysteroid levels and cytochrome p(450) expression during moult and reproduction in male shore crabs Carcinus maenas. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 274:215-224. (Pubitemid 38927596)
112. Takahashi T, Hamada A, Miyawaki K, Matsumoto Y, Mito T, Noji S, Mizunami M. 2009. Systemic RNA interference for the study of learning and memory in an insect. Journal of Neuroscience Methods. 179:9-15.
113. Teleman AA. 2010. Molecular mechanisms of metabolic regulation by insulin in Drosophila. The Biochemical Journal. 425:13-26.
114. Toullec JY, Dauphin-Villemant C. 1994. Dissociated cell suspensions of Carcinus maenas Y-organs as a tool to study ecdysteroid production and its regulation. Experientia. 50:153-158. (Pubitemid 24086633)
115. Van de Velde S, Badisco L, Marchal E, Broeck JV, Smagghe G. 2009. Diversity in factors regulating ecdysteroidogenesis in insects. In: Smagghe G, editor. Ecdysone: structures and functions. Dordrecht (The Netherlands): Springer p. 283-315.
116. Watson RD, Lee KJ, Qiu SH, Luo M, Umphrey HR, Roer RD, Spaziani E. 2001. Molecular cloning, expression, and tissue distribution of crustacean molt-inhibiting hormone. American Zoologist. 41:407-417. (Pubitemid 33329946)
117. Webster SG. 1993. High-affinity binding of putative moultinhibiting hormone (MIH) and crustacean hyperglycaemic hormone (CHH) to membrane-bound receptors on the Yorgan of the shore crab Carcinus maenus. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London [Biological Sciences]. 251:53-59. (Pubitemid 23068974)
118. Webster SG, Keller R. 1986. Purification, characterisation and amino acid composition of the putative moultinhibiting hormone (MIH) of Carcinus maenas (Crustacea, Decapoda). Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology. 156:617-624.
119. Yu XL, Chang ES, Mykles DL. 2002. Characterization of limb autotomy factorproecdysis (LAFpro), isolated from limb regenerates, that suspends molting in the land crab Gecarcinus lateralis. The Biological Bulletin. 202:204-212. (Pubitemid 34718399)
120. Zarubin TP, Chang ES, Mykles DL. 2009. Expression of recombinant eyestalk crustacean hyperglycemic hormone from the tropical land crab, Gecarcinus lateralis, that inhibits Y-organ ecdysteroidogenesis in vitro. Molecular Biology Reports. 36:1231-1237.
121. Zheng JY, Lee CY, Watson RD. 2006. Molecular cloning of a putative receptor guanylyl cyclase from Y-organs of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. General and Comparative Endocrinology. 146:329-336.
122. Zheng J, Nakatsuji T, Roer RD, Watson RD. 2008. Studies of a receptor guanylyl cyclase cloned from Y-organs of the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus), and its possible functional link to ecdysteroidogenesis. General and Comparative Endocrinology. 155:780-788.