메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 237-246

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drug treatment of diabetic macular edema: The evolution continues

Author keywords

Aflibercept; Bevacizumab; Diabetes; Diabetic macular edema; Diabetic retinopathy; Pegaptanib; Ranibizumab; Vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGF

Indexed keywords

AFLIBERCEPT; BEVACIZUMAB; DEXAMETHASONE; FLUOCINOLONE; FLUOROURACIL; IRINOTECAN; PEGAPTANIB; RANIBIZUMAB; TRIAMCINOLONE; VASCULOTROPIN ANTIBODY;

EID: 84862635803     PISSN: 15733998     EISSN: 18756417     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/157339912800840488     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (34)

References (66)
  • 1
    • 61349121337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy XXIII: The twenty-five-year incidence of macular edema in persons with type 1 diabetes
    • Klein R, Knudtson MD, Lee KE, Gangnon R, Klein BE. The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy XXIII: the twenty-five-year incidence of macular edema in persons with type 1 diabetes. Ophthalmology 2009; 116: 496-503.
    • (2009) Ophthalmology , vol.116 , pp. 496-503
    • Klein, R.1    Knudtson, M.D.2    Lee, K.E.3    Gangnon, R.4    Klein, B.E.5
  • 2
    • 11144356305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among adults in the United States
    • Kempen JH, O'Colmain BJ, Leske MC, et al. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among adults in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol 2004; 122: 552-63.
    • (2004) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.122 , pp. 552-563
    • Kempen, J.H.1    O'Colmain, B.J.2    Leske, M.C.3
  • 3
    • 1842425677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among adult type 1 diabetic persons in the United States
    • Roy MS, Klein R, O'Colmain BJ, Klein BE, Moss SE, Kempen JH. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among adult type 1 diabetic persons in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol 2004; 122: 546-51
    • (2004) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.122 , pp. 546-551
    • Roy, M.S.1    Klein, R.2    O'Colmain, B.J.3    Klein, B.E.4    Moss, S.E.5    Kempen, J.H.6
  • 4
    • 0026486740 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of proliferative diabetic retinopathy
    • Klein R, Klein BE, Moss SE. Epidemiology of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes Care 1992; 15: 11875-91.
    • (1992) Diabetes Care , vol.15 , pp. 11875-11891
    • Klein, R.1    Klein, B.E.2    Moss, S.E.3
  • 5
    • 0027370108 scopus 로고
    • The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulindependent diabetes mellitus. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group
    • DCCT
    • DCCT. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulindependent diabetes mellitus. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. N Engl J Med 1993; 329: 977-86.
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.329 , pp. 977-986
  • 6
    • 0032511580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38
    • UKPDS (UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group)
    • UKPDS (UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group). Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38. BMJ 1998; 317: 703-13.
    • (1998) BMJ , vol.317 , pp. 703-713
  • 7
    • 33645771244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics of diabetic retinopathy
    • Hanis CL, Hallman D. Genetics of diabetic retinopathy. Curr Diab Rep 2006; 6: 155-61.
    • (2006) Curr Diab Rep , vol.6 , pp. 155-161
    • Hanis, C.L.1    Hallman, D.2
  • 8
    • 40249097578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetic retinopathy and systemic vascular complications
    • Cheung N, Wong TY. Diabetic retinopathy and systemic vascular complications. Prog Retin Eye Res 2008; 27: 161-76.
    • (2008) Prog Retin Eye Res , vol.27 , pp. 161-176
    • Cheung, N.1    Wong, T.Y.2
  • 9
    • 0032529103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural apoptosis in the retina during experimental and human diabetes. Early onset and effect of insulin
    • Barber AJ, Lieth E, Khin SA, Antonetti DA, Buchanan AG, Gardner TW. Neural apoptosis in the retina during experimental and human diabetes. Early onset and effect of insulin. J Clin Invest 1998; 102: 783-91.
    • (1998) J Clin Invest , vol.102 , pp. 783-791
    • Barber, A.J.1    Lieth, E.2    Khin, S.A.3    Antonetti, D.A.4    Buchanan, A.G.5    Gardner, T.W.6
  • 10
    • 0031594369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muller cell changes in human diabetic retinopathy
    • Mizutani M, Gerhardinger C, Lorenzi M. Muller cell changes in human diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes 1998; 47: 445-9.
    • (1998) Diabetes , vol.47 , pp. 445-449
    • Mizutani, M.1    Gerhardinger, C.2    Lorenzi, M.3
  • 11
    • 1542636997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oscillatory potential analysis and ERGs of normal and diabetic rats
    • Hancock HA, Kraft TW. Oscillatory potential analysis and ERGs of normal and diabetic rats. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2004; 45: 1002-8.
    • (2004) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , vol.45 , pp. 1002-1008
    • Hancock, H.A.1    Kraft, T.W.2
  • 12
    • 0032457359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seeing beyond retinopathy in diabetes: Electrophysiological and psychophysical abnormalities and alterations in vision
    • Ewing FM, Deary IJ, Trachan MW, Frier BM. Seeing beyond retinopathy in diabetes: electrophysiological and psychophysical abnormalities and alterations in vision. Endocr Rev 1998; 19: 462-76.
    • (1998) Endocr Rev , vol.19 , pp. 462-476
    • Ewing, F.M.1    Deary, I.J.2    Trachan, M.W.3    Frier, B.M.4
  • 13
    • 0038578086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual dysfunction, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging
    • Jackson GR, Owsley C. Visual dysfunction, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging. Neurol Clin 2003; 21: 709-28.
    • (2003) Neurol Clin , vol.21 , pp. 709-728
    • Jackson, G.R.1    Owsley, C.2
  • 14
    • 0027073276 scopus 로고
    • Retinopathy in a population-based study
    • Klein R. Retinopathy in a population-based study. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1992; 90: 561-94.
    • (1992) Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc , vol.90 , pp. 561-594
    • Klein, R.1
  • 15
    • 0000230096 scopus 로고
    • The mode of development of the vascular system of the retina with some observations on its significance for certain retinal disorders
    • Michaelson IC. The mode of development of the vascular system of the retina with some observations on its significance for certain retinal disorders. Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1948; 68: 1625-710.
    • (1948) Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK , vol.68 , pp. 1625-1710
    • Michaelson, I.C.1
  • 16
    • 0021111648 scopus 로고
    • Tumor cells secrete a vascular permeability factor that promotes accumulation of ascites fluid
    • Senger DR, Galli SJ, Dvorak AM, Perruzzi CA, Harvey VS, Dvorak HF. Tumor cells secrete a vascular permeability factor that promotes accumulation of ascites fluid. Science 1983; 12: 983-5.
    • (1983) Science , vol.12 , pp. 983-985
    • Senger, D.R.1    Galli, S.J.2    Dvorak, A.M.3    Perruzzi, C.A.4    Harvey, V.S.5    Dvorak, H.F.6
  • 17
    • 0024384470 scopus 로고
    • Pituitary follicular cells secrete a novel heparin-binding growth factor specific for vascular endothelial cells
    • Ferrara N, Henzel WJ. Pituitary follicular cells secrete a novel heparin-binding growth factor specific for vascular endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1989; 161: 851-8.
    • (1989) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.161 , pp. 851-858
    • Ferrara, N.1    Henzel, W.J.2
  • 18
    • 0024461206 scopus 로고
    • Tumor vascular permeability factor stimulates endothelial cell growth and angiogenesis
    • Connolly DT, Heuvelman DM, Nelson R, et al. Tumor vascular permeability factor stimulates endothelial cell growth and angiogenesis. J Clin Invest 1989; 84: 1470-8.
    • (1989) J Clin Invest , vol.84 , pp. 1470-1478
    • Connolly, D.T.1    Heuvelman, D.M.2    Nelson, R.3
  • 19
    • 0346777254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular endothelial growth factor and diabetic retinopathy: Pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment perspectives
    • Caldwell RB, Bartoli M, Behzadian MA, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor and diabetic retinopathy: pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment perspectives. Diab/Metab Res Rev 2003; 19: 442-55.
    • (2003) Diab/Metab Res Rev , vol.19 , pp. 442-455
    • Caldwell, R.B.1    Bartoli, M.2    Behzadian, M.A.3
  • 20
    • 0028815295 scopus 로고
    • Vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor expression in a mouse model of retinal neovascularization
    • Pierce EA, Avery RL, Foley ED, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor expression in a mouse model of retinal neovascularization. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995; 92: 905-9.
    • (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.92 , pp. 905-909
    • Pierce, E.A.1    Avery, R.L.2    Foley, E.D.3
  • 21
    • 0031126380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravitreal sustained release of VEGF causes retinal neovascularization in rabbits and breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier in rabbits and primates
    • Ozaki H, Hayashi H, Vinores SA, et al. Intravitreal sustained release of VEGF causes retinal neovascularization in rabbits and breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier in rabbits and primates. Exp Eye Res 1997; 64: 505-17.
    • (1997) Exp Eye Res , vol.64 , pp. 505-517
    • Ozaki, H.1    Hayashi, H.2    Vinores, S.A.3
  • 22
    • 0029739620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravitreous injections of vascular endothelial growth factor produce retinal ischemia and microangiopathy in an adult primate
    • Tolentino MJ, Miller JW, Gragoudas ES, et al. Intravitreous injections of vascular endothelial growth factor produce retinal ischemia and microangiopathy in an adult primate. Ophthalmology 1996; 114: 964-70.
    • (1996) Ophthalmology , vol.114 , pp. 964-970
    • Tolentino, M.J.1    Miller, J.W.2    Gragoudas, E.S.3
  • 23
    • 0035856980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications
    • Brownlee M. Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications. Nature 2001; 414: 813-20.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.414 , pp. 813-820
    • Brownlee, M.1
  • 24
    • 0030021835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mouse gene for vascular endothelial growth factor: Genomic structure, definition of the transcriptional unit, and characterization of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory sequences
    • Shima DT, Kuroki M, Deutsch U, Ng YS, Adamis AP, D'Amore PA. The mouse gene for vascular endothelial growth factor: genomic structure, definition of the transcriptional unit, and characterization of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory sequences. J Biol Chem 1996; 271: 3877-83.
    • (1996) J Biol Chem , vol.271 , pp. 3877-3883
    • Shima, D.T.1    Kuroki, M.2    Deutsch, U.3    Ng, Y.S.4    Adamis, A.P.5    D'Amore, P.A.6
  • 25
    • 0032863021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of leukostasis and vascular leakage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy via intercellular adhesion molecule-1 inhibition
    • Miyamoto K, Khosrof S, Bursell SE, et al. Prevention of leukostasis and vascular leakage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy via intercellular adhesion molecule-1 inhibition. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999; 96: 10836-41.
    • (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.96 , pp. 10836-10841
    • Miyamoto, K.1    Khosrof, S.2    Bursell, S.E.3
  • 26
    • 0025769620 scopus 로고
    • Activated monocytes and granulocytes, capillary nonperfusion,and neovascularization in diabetic retinopathy
    • Schroder S, Palinski W, Schmid-Schonbein GW. Activated monocytes and granulocytes, capillary nonperfusion,and neovascularization in diabetic retinopathy. Am J Pathol 1991; 139: 81-100.
    • (1991) Am J Pathol , vol.139 , pp. 81-100
    • Schroder, S.1    Palinski, W.2    Schmid-Schonbein, G.W.3
  • 27
    • 40349087464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetic microangiopathy: Physiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects
    • Camera A, Hopps E, Caimi G. Diabetic microangiopathy: physiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects. Minerva Endocrinol 2007; 32: 209-29.
    • (2007) Minerva Endocrinol , vol.32 , pp. 209-229
    • Camera, A.1    Hopps, E.2    Caimi, G.3
  • 28
    • 33847261189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arteriolar involvement in the microvascular lesions of diabetic retinopathy: Implications for pathogenesis
    • Gardiner TA, Archer DB, Curtis TM, Stitt AW. Arteriolar involvement in the microvascular lesions of diabetic retinopathy: implications for pathogenesis. Microcirculation 2007; 14: 25-38.
    • (2007) Microcirculation , vol.14 , pp. 25-38
    • Gardiner, T.A.1    Archer, D.B.2    Curtis, T.M.3    Stitt, A.W.4
  • 29
    • 0028790068 scopus 로고
    • Changes in organization and composition of the extracellular matrix underlying cultured endothelial cells exposed to laminar steady shear stress
    • Thoumine O, Nerem RM, Girard PR. Changes in organization and composition of the extracellular matrix underlying cultured endothelial cells exposed to laminar steady shear stress. Lab Invest 1995; 73: 565-76.
    • (1995) Lab Invest , vol.73 , pp. 565-576
    • Thoumine, O.1    Nerem, R.M.2    Girard, P.R.3
  • 30
    • 77956380383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mueller cellderived VEGF is essential for diabetes-induced retinal inflammation and vascular leakage
    • Wang J, Xueliang X, Elliott MH, Zhu M, Le Y-Z. Mueller cellderived VEGF is essential for diabetes-induced retinal inflammation and vascular leakage. Diabetes 2010; 59: 2297-305.
    • (2010) Diabetes , vol.59 , pp. 2297-2305
    • Wang, J.1    Xueliang, X.2    Elliott, M.H.3    Zhu, M.4    Le, Y.-Z.5
  • 31
    • 34247402599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AKAP12 regulates human blood-retinal barrier formation by downregulation of hypoxiainducible factor-1alpha
    • Choi YK, Kim JH, Kim WJ, et al. AKAP12 regulates human blood-retinal barrier formation by downregulation of hypoxiainducible factor-1alpha. J Neurosci 2007; 27: 4472-81.
    • (2007) J Neurosci , vol.27 , pp. 4472-4481
    • Choi, Y.K.1    Kim, J.H.2    Kim, W.J.3
  • 32
    • 0031018867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular endothelial growth factor is present in glial cells of the retina and optic nerve of human subjects with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy
    • Amin RH, Frank RN, Kennedy A, Elliott D, Puklin JE, Abrams GW. Vascular endothelial growth factor is present in glial cells of the retina and optic nerve of human subjects with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1997; 38: 36-47.
    • (1997) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , vol.38 , pp. 36-47
    • Amin, R.H.1    Frank, R.N.2    Kennedy, A.3    Elliott, D.4    Puklin, J.E.5    Abrams, G.W.6
  • 33
    • 13444263004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical interventions for diabetic retinopathy
    • Wormald R, Smeeth L & Henshaw K (Eds), London: BMJ Books
    • Richter B, Kohner E. Medical interventions for diabetic retinopathy. In: Wormald R, Smeeth L & Henshaw K (Eds). Evidencebased ophthalmology. London: BMJ Books, 331-40.
    • Evidencebased Ophthalmology , pp. 331-340
    • Richter, B.1    Kohner, E.2
  • 34
    • 0022347471 scopus 로고
    • Photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study report number 1
    • Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group
    • Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study report number 1. Arch Ophthalmol 1985; 103: 1796-806.
    • (1985) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.103 , pp. 1796-1806
  • 35
    • 0003769824 scopus 로고
    • Early photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema. ETDRS report number 9
    • Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group
    • Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Early photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema. ETDRS report number 9. Ophthalmology 1991; 98: 766-85.
    • (1991) Ophthalmology , vol.98 , pp. 766-785
  • 36
    • 0034886327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraocular injection of crystalline cortisone as adjunctive treatment of diabetic macular edema
    • Jonas JB, Sofker A. Intraocular injection of crystalline cortisone as adjunctive treatment of diabetic macular edema. Am J Ophthalmol 2001; 132: 425-7.
    • (2001) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.132 , pp. 425-427
    • Jonas, J.B.1    Sofker, A.2
  • 37
    • 0036240895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravitreal triamcinolone for refractory diabetic macular edema
    • Martidis A, Duker JS, Greenberg PB, et al. Intravitreal triamcinolone for refractory diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 2002; 109: 920-7.
    • (2002) Ophthalmology , vol.109 , pp. 920-927
    • Martidis, A.1    Duker, J.S.2    Greenberg, P.B.3
  • 38
    • 33947275043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized controlled study of an intravenous dexamethasone drug delivery system in patients with persistent macular edema
    • Kupperman BD, Blumenkranz MS, Haller JA, et al. Randomized controlled study of an intravenous dexamethasone drug delivery system in patients with persistent macular edema. Arch Ophthalmol 2007; 125: 309-17.
    • (2007) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.125 , pp. 309-317
    • Kupperman, B.D.1    Blumenkranz, M.S.2    Haller, J.A.3
  • 39
    • 79961044911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant for diabetic macular edema: A 3-year multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial
    • Pearson PA, Comstock TL, Ip M, et al. Fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant for diabetic macular edema: a 3-year multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Ophthalmology 2011; 118: 1580-7.
    • (2011) Ophthalmology , vol.118 , pp. 1580-1587
    • Pearson, P.A.1    Comstock, T.L.2    Ip, M.3
  • 40
    • 80055100383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral protein kinase C β inhibition using ruboxistaurin: Safety, and causes of vision loss among 813 patients (1,392 eyes) with diabetic retinopathy in the Protein Kinase C β Inhibitor-Diabetic Retinopathy Study and the Protein Kinase C β Inhibitor-Diabetic Retinopathy Study 2
    • Aiello LP, Vignati L, Sheetz MJ, et al. Oral protein kinase C β inhibition using ruboxistaurin: safety, and causes of vision loss among 813 patients (1,392 eyes) with diabetic retinopathy in the Protein Kinase C β Inhibitor-Diabetic Retinopathy Study and the Protein Kinase C β Inhibitor-Diabetic Retinopathy Study 2. Retina 2011; 31: 2084-94.
    • (2011) Retina , vol.31 , pp. 2084-2094
    • Aiello, L.P.1    Vignati, L.2    Sheetz, M.J.3
  • 42
    • 78649858371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pegaptanib sodium as maintenance therapy in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: The LEVEL study
    • Friberg TR, Tolentino M. Pegaptanib sodium as maintenance therapy in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: the LEVEL study. Br J Ophthalmol 2010; 94: 1611-7.
    • (2010) Br J Ophthalmol , vol.94 , pp. 1611-1617
    • Friberg, T.R.1    Tolentino, M.2
  • 43
    • 25844513658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase II randomized double-masked trial of pegaptanib, an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor aptamer, for diabetic macular edema
    • Macugen Diabetic Retinopathy Study Group
    • Macugen Diabetic Retinopathy Study Group. A phase II randomized double-masked trial of pegaptanib, an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor aptamer, for diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 2005; 112: 1747-57.
    • (2005) Ophthalmology , vol.112 , pp. 1747-1757
  • 45
    • 79958012399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ice KS for the Macugen 1013 Study Group. A phase 2/3, multicenter, randomized, doublemasked, 2-year trial of pegaptanib sodium for the treatment of diabetic macular edema
    • Sultan MB, Zhou D, Loftus J, Dombi T, Ice KS for the Macugen 1013 Study Group. A phase 2/3, multicenter, randomized, doublemasked, 2-year trial of pegaptanib sodium for the treatment of diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 2011; 118: 1107-18.
    • (2011) Ophthalmology , vol.118 , pp. 1107-1118
    • Sultan, M.B.1    Zhou, D.2    Loftus, J.3    Dombi, T.4
  • 46
    • 0030856731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Humanization of an antivascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibody for the therapy of solid tumors and other disorders
    • Presta LG, Chen H, O'Connor SJ, et al. Humanization of an antivascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibody for the therapy of solid tumors and other disorders. Cancer Res 1997; 57: 4593-9.
    • (1997) Cancer Res , vol.57 , pp. 4593-4599
    • Presta, L.G.1    Chen, H.2    O'Connor, S.J.3
  • 47
    • 80053371459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraocular pharmacokinetics after a single intravitreal injection of 1.5 mg versus 3.0 mg of bevacizumab in humans
    • Meyer CH, Krohne TU, Holz FG. Intraocular pharmacokinetics after a single intravitreal injection of 1.5 mg versus 3.0 mg of bevacizumab in humans. Retina 2011; 31: 1877-84.
    • (2011) Retina , vol.31 , pp. 1877-1884
    • Meyer, C.H.1    Krohne, T.U.2    Holz, F.G.3
  • 48
    • 23044440795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optical coherence tomography findings after an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (Avastin) for macular edema from central retinal vein occlusion
    • Rosenfeld PJ, Fung AE, Puliafito CA. Optical coherence tomography findings after an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (Avastin) for macular edema from central retinal vein occlusion. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005; 36: 336-9.
    • (2005) Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging , vol.36 , pp. 336-339
    • Rosenfeld, P.J.1    Fung, A.E.2    Puliafito, C.A.3
  • 49
    • 23044505200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optical coherence tomography findings after an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (Avastin) for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
    • Rosenfeld PJ, Fung AE, Puliafito CA. Optical coherence tomography findings after an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (Avastin) for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005; 36: 331-5
    • (2005) Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging , vol.36 , pp. 331-335
    • Rosenfeld, P.J.1    Fung, A.E.2    Puliafito, C.A.3
  • 50
    • 34748876124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase II randomized clinical trial of intravitreal bevacizumab for diabetic macular edema
    • Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network
    • Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network. A phase II randomized clinical trial of intravitreal bevacizumab for diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 2007; 114; 1860-7.
    • (2007) Ophthalmology , vol.114 , pp. 1860-1867
  • 51
    • 68049148355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary intravitreal bevacizumab for diffuse diabetic macular edema. The Pan-American Collaborative Retina Study Group at 24 months
    • Arevalo JF, Sanchez JG, Wu L, et al. Primary intravitreal bevacizumab for diffuse diabetic macular edema. The Pan-American Collaborative Retina Study Group at 24 months. Ophthalmology 2009; 116: 1488-97.
    • (2009) Ophthalmology , vol.116 , pp. 1488-1497
    • Arevalo, J.F.1    Sanchez, J.G.2    Wu, L.3
  • 52
    • 67349168190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of intravitreal bevacizumab alone or combined with triamcinolone versus macular photocoagulation in diabetic macular edema
    • Soheilian M, Ramezani A, Obudi A, et al. Randomized trial of intravitreal bevacizumab alone or combined with triamcinolone versus macular photocoagulation in diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 2009; 116: 1142-50.
    • (2009) Ophthalmology , vol.116 , pp. 1142-1150
    • Soheilian, M.1    Ramezani, A.2    Obudi, A.3
  • 53
    • 78650179842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravitreal bevacizumab and/or macular photocoagulation as a primary treatment for diffuse diabetic macular edema
    • Solaiman KA, Diab MM, Abo-Elenin M. Intravitreal bevacizumab and/or macular photocoagulation as a primary treatment for diffuse diabetic macular edema. Retina 2010; 30: 1638-45.
    • (2010) Retina , vol.30 , pp. 1638-1645
    • Solaiman, K.A.1    Diab, M.M.2    Abo-Elenin, M.3
  • 54
    • 77952889192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective randomized trial of intravitreal bevacizumab or laser therapy in the management of diabetic macular edema (BOLT Study)
    • Michaelides M, Kaines A, Hamilton RD, et al. A prospective randomized trial of intravitreal bevacizumab or laser therapy in the management of diabetic macular edema (BOLT Study). Ophthalmology 2010; 117: 1078-86.
    • (2010) Ophthalmology , vol.117 , pp. 1078-1086
    • Michaelides, M.1    Kaines, A.2    Hamilton, R.D.3
  • 55
    • 33749451356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ranibizumab versus verteporfin for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
    • Brown DM, Kaiser PK, Michels M, et al. Ranibizumab versus verteporfin for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. N Engl J Med 2006; 355: 1432-44.
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.355 , pp. 1432-1444
    • Brown, D.M.1    Kaiser, P.K.2    Michels, M.3
  • 56
    • 33749445317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
    • Rosenfeld PJ, Brown DM, Heier JS, et al. Ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. N Engl J Med 2006; 355: 1419-31.
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.355 , pp. 1419-1431
    • Rosenfeld, P.J.1    Brown, D.M.2    Heier, J.S.3
  • 57
    • 77952889477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ranibizumab for macular edema following central retinal vein occlusion: Six-month primary end point results of a phase III study
    • Brown DM, Campochiaro PA, Singh RP, et al. Ranibizumab for macular edema following central retinal vein occlusion: six-month primary end point results of a phase III study. Ophthalmology 2010; 117: 1124-33.
    • (2010) Ophthalmology , vol.117 , pp. 1124-1133
    • Brown, D.M.1    Campochiaro, P.A.2    Singh, R.P.3
  • 58
    • 77952891051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ranibizumab for macular edema following branch retinal vein occlusion: Six-month primary end point results of a phase III study
    • Campochiaro PA, Heier JS, Feiner L, et al. Ranibizumab for macular edema following branch retinal vein occlusion: six-month primary end point results of a phase III study. Ophthalmology 2010; 117: 1102-12.
    • (2010) Ophthalmology , vol.117 , pp. 1102-1112
    • Campochiaro, P.A.1    Heier, J.S.2    Feiner, L.3
  • 59
    • 79251606719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of ranibizumab in diabetic macular edema (RESOLVE Study)
    • Massin P, Bandello F, Garweg JG, et al. Safety and efficacy of ranibizumab in diabetic macular edema (RESOLVE Study). Diabetes Care 2010; 33: 2399-405.
    • (2010) Diabetes Care , vol.33 , pp. 2399-2405
    • Massin, P.1    Bandello, F.2    Garweg, J.G.3
  • 60
    • 79953299899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expanded 2-year follow-up of ranibizumab plus prompt or deferred laser or triamcinolone plus prompt laser for diabetic macular edema
    • Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network
    • Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network. Expanded 2-year follow-up of ranibizumab plus prompt or deferred laser or triamcinolone plus prompt laser for diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 2010; 118: 609-14.
    • (2010) Ophthalmology , vol.118 , pp. 609-614
  • 61
    • 78049293726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-year outcomes of ranibizumab for edema of the macula in diabetes (READ-2) study
    • Nguyen QD, Shan SM, Khwaja AA, et al. Two-year outcomes of ranibizumab for edema of the macula in diabetes (READ-2) study. Ophthalmology 2010; 117: 2146-51.
    • (2010) Ophthalmology , vol.117 , pp. 2146-2151
    • Nguyen, Q.D.1    Shan, S.M.2    Khwaja, A.A.3
  • 62
    • 79953311138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The RESTORE Study. Ranibizumab monotherapy or combined with laser versus laser monotherapy for diabetic macular edema
    • Mitchell P, Bandello F, Schmidt-Erfurth U, et al. The RESTORE Study. Ranibizumab monotherapy or combined with laser versus laser monotherapy for diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 2011; 118: 615-25.
    • (2011) Ophthalmology , vol.118 , pp. 615-625
    • Mitchell, P.1    Bandello, F.2    Schmidt-Erfurth, U.3
  • 63
    • 60849129118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An exploratory study of the safety, tolerability, and bioactivity of a single intravitreal injection of vascular endothelial growth factor Trap-Eye in patients with diabetic macular oedema
    • Do DV, Nguyen QD, Shah SM, et al. An exploratory study of the safety, tolerability, and bioactivity of a single intravitreal injection of vascular endothelial growth factor Trap-Eye in patients with diabetic macular oedema. Br J Ophthalmol 2009; 93: 144-9.
    • (2009) Br J Ophthalmol , vol.93 , pp. 144-149
    • Do, D.V.1    Nguyen, Q.D.2    Shah, S.M.3
  • 64
    • 80052514329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The DA VINCI Study: Phase 2 primary results of VEGF Trap-Eye in patients with diabetic macular edema
    • Do DV, Schmidt-Erfurth U, Gonzalez VH, et al. The DA VINCI Study: phase 2 primary results of VEGF Trap-Eye in patients with diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 2011; 118: 1819-26.
    • (2011) Ophthalmology , vol.118 , pp. 1819-1826
    • Do, D.V.1    Schmidt-Erfurth, U.2    Gonzalez, V.H.3
  • 65
    • 85027925908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endophthalmitis after injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs
    • Stewart MW. Endophthalmitis after injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs. Retina 2011; 31(10): 1981-2.
    • (2011) Retina , vol.31 , Issue.10 , pp. 1981-1982
    • Stewart, M.W.1
  • 66
    • 79953295148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of a flexible dosing regimen of ranibizumab in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: The SUSTAIN study
    • Holz FG, Amoaku W, Donate J, et al. Safety and efficacy of a flexible dosing regimen of ranibizumab in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: the SUSTAIN study. Ophthalmology 2011; 118: 663-71.
    • (2011) Ophthalmology , vol.118 , pp. 663-671
    • Holz, F.G.1    Amoaku, W.2    Donate, J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.