메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 83, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 1303-1312

Physiological mechanisms mediating costs of immune responses: What can we learn from studies of birds?

Author keywords

Antioxidant; Autoimmunity; Cost of immune response; Energy requirement; Immunopathology; Life history trade off; Oxidative stress; Stress induced immunosuppression

Indexed keywords

ANTIOXIDANT; EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS; FITNESS; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNE SYSTEM; LIFE HISTORY TRAIT; META-ANALYSIS; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE; REPRODUCTION; REPRODUCTIVE COST; TRADE-OFF;

EID: 84861848072     PISSN: 00033472     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.03.025     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (195)

References (159)
  • 2
    • 0035126666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of experimental food restriction and body-mass changes on the avian T-cell-mediated immune response
    • Alonso-Alvarez C., Tella J.L. Effects of experimental food restriction and body-mass changes on the avian T-cell-mediated immune response. Canadian Journal of Zoology 2001, 79:101-105.
    • (2001) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.79 , pp. 101-105
    • Alonso-Alvarez, C.1    Tella, J.L.2
  • 4
    • 8744279195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An experimental test of the dose-dependent effect of carotenoids and immune activation on sexual signals and antioxidant activity
    • Alonso-Alvarez C., Bertrand S., Devevey G., Gaillard M., Prost J., Faivre B., Sorci G. An experimental test of the dose-dependent effect of carotenoids and immune activation on sexual signals and antioxidant activity. American Naturalist 2004, 164:651-659.
    • (2004) American Naturalist , vol.164 , pp. 651-659
    • Alonso-Alvarez, C.1    Bertrand, S.2    Devevey, G.3    Gaillard, M.4    Prost, J.5    Faivre, B.6    Sorci, G.7
  • 5
    • 34548390704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased susceptibility to oxidative damage as a cost of accelerated somatic growth in zebra finches
    • Alonso-Alvarez C., Bertrand S., Faivre B., Sorci G. Increased susceptibility to oxidative damage as a cost of accelerated somatic growth in zebra finches. Functional Ecology 2007, 21:873-879.
    • (2007) Functional Ecology , vol.21 , pp. 873-879
    • Alonso-Alvarez, C.1    Bertrand, S.2    Faivre, B.3    Sorci, G.4
  • 6
    • 33847343970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energetic and developmental costs of mounting an immune response in greenfinches (Carduelis chloris)
    • Amat J.A., Aguilera E., Visser G.H. Energetic and developmental costs of mounting an immune response in greenfinches (Carduelis chloris). Ecology Research 2007, 22:282-287.
    • (2007) Ecology Research , vol.22 , pp. 282-287
    • Amat, J.A.1    Aguilera, E.2    Visser, G.H.3
  • 7
    • 33747618925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E supplementation enhances growth and condition of nestling barn swallows (Hirundo rustica)
    • de Ayala R.M., Martinelli R., Saino N. Vitamin E supplementation enhances growth and condition of nestling barn swallows (Hirundo rustica). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 2006, 60:619-630.
    • (2006) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.60 , pp. 619-630
    • de Ayala, R.M.1    Martinelli, R.2    Saino, N.3
  • 8
    • 4544322045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Free radicals and aging
    • Barja G. Free radicals and aging. Trends in Neuroscience 2004, 27:595-600.
    • (2004) Trends in Neuroscience , vol.27 , pp. 595-600
    • Barja, G.1
  • 9
    • 0031916984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The free radical theory of aging matures
    • Beckman K.B., Ames B.N. The free radical theory of aging matures. Physiological Reviews 1998, 78:547-581.
    • (1998) Physiological Reviews , vol.78 , pp. 547-581
    • Beckman, K.B.1    Ames, B.N.2
  • 10
    • 33750722787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune activation increases susceptibility to oxidative tissue damage in zebra finches
    • Bertrand S., Criscuolo F., Faivre B., Sorci G. Immune activation increases susceptibility to oxidative tissue damage in zebra finches. Functional Ecology 2006, 20:1022-1027.
    • (2006) Functional Ecology , vol.20 , pp. 1022-1027
    • Bertrand, S.1    Criscuolo, F.2    Faivre, B.3    Sorci, G.4
  • 11
    • 0030043899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune-neuro-endocrine interactions: facts and hypotheses
    • Besedovsky H.O., del Rey A. Immune-neuro-endocrine interactions: facts and hypotheses. Endocrinology Reviews 1996, 17:64-102.
    • (1996) Endocrinology Reviews , vol.17 , pp. 64-102
    • Besedovsky, H.O.1    del Rey, A.2
  • 12
    • 33645770954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotenoid availability in diet and phenotype of blue and great tit nestlings
    • Biard C., Surai P.F., Møller A.P. Carotenoid availability in diet and phenotype of blue and great tit nestlings. Journal of Experimental Biology 2006, 209:1004-1015.
    • (2006) Journal of Experimental Biology , vol.209 , pp. 1004-1015
    • Biard, C.1    Surai, P.F.2    Møller, A.P.3
  • 14
    • 54549115066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fecundity and survival in relation to resistance to oxidative stress in a free-living bird
    • Bize P., Devevey G., Monaghan P., Doligez B., Christe P. Fecundity and survival in relation to resistance to oxidative stress in a free-living bird. Ecology 2008, 89:2584-2593.
    • (2008) Ecology , vol.89 , pp. 2584-2593
    • Bize, P.1    Devevey, G.2    Monaghan, P.3    Doligez, B.4    Christe, P.5
  • 15
    • 78649922987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indirect costs of parasitism are shaped by variation in the type of immune challenge and food availability
    • Bize P., Piault R., Gasparini J., Roulin A. Indirect costs of parasitism are shaped by variation in the type of immune challenge and food availability. Evolutionary Biology 2010, 37:169-176.
    • (2010) Evolutionary Biology , vol.37 , pp. 169-176
    • Bize, P.1    Piault, R.2    Gasparini, J.3    Roulin, A.4
  • 16
    • 0036347699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of yolk enrichment with dietary carotenoids in gulls: the roles of pigment acquisition and utilization
    • Blount J.D., Surai P.F., Houston D.C., Møller A.P. Patterns of yolk enrichment with dietary carotenoids in gulls: the roles of pigment acquisition and utilization. Functional Ecology 2002, 16:445-453.
    • (2002) Functional Ecology , vol.16 , pp. 445-453
    • Blount, J.D.1    Surai, P.F.2    Houston, D.C.3    Møller, A.P.4
  • 18
    • 0037418844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotenoid modulation of immune function and sexual attractiveness in zebra finches
    • Blount J.D., Metcalfe N.B., Birkhead T.R., Surai P.F. Carotenoid modulation of immune function and sexual attractiveness in zebra finches. Science 2003, 300:125-127.
    • (2003) Science , vol.300 , pp. 125-127
    • Blount, J.D.1    Metcalfe, N.B.2    Birkhead, T.R.3    Surai, P.F.4
  • 20
    • 58149250400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune activation suppresses plasma testosterone level: a meta-analysis
    • Boonekamp J.J., Ros A.H.F., Verhulst S. Immune activation suppresses plasma testosterone level: a meta-analysis. Biology Letters 2008, 4:741-744.
    • (2008) Biology Letters , vol.4 , pp. 741-744
    • Boonekamp, J.J.1    Ros, A.H.F.2    Verhulst, S.3
  • 21
    • 33746292146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phytohemagglutinin response and immunoglobulin index decrease during incubation fasting in female common eiders
    • Bourgeon S., Criscuolo F., le Maho Y., Raclot T. Phytohemagglutinin response and immunoglobulin index decrease during incubation fasting in female common eiders. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 2006, 79:793-800.
    • (2006) Physiological and Biochemical Zoology , vol.79 , pp. 793-800
    • Bourgeon, S.1    Criscuolo, F.2    le Maho, Y.3    Raclot, T.4
  • 22
    • 0442323213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunocompetence and its costs during development: an experimental study in blue tit nestlings
    • Brommer J.E. Immunocompetence and its costs during development: an experimental study in blue tit nestlings. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Supplement 2004, 271:S110-S113.
    • (2004) Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Supplement , vol.271
    • Brommer, J.E.1
  • 25
  • 26
    • 40949095385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotenoids are minor antioxidants for birds
    • Costantini D., Møller A.P. Carotenoids are minor antioxidants for birds. Functional Ecology 2008, 22:367-370.
    • (2008) Functional Ecology , vol.22 , pp. 367-370
    • Costantini, D.1    Møller, A.P.2
  • 28
    • 34248394597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotenoid availability does not limit the capability of nestling kestrels (Falco tinnunculus) to cope with oxidative stress
    • Costantini D., Fanfani A., Dell'Omo G. Carotenoid availability does not limit the capability of nestling kestrels (Falco tinnunculus) to cope with oxidative stress. Journal of Experimental Biology 2007, 210:1238-1244.
    • (2007) Journal of Experimental Biology , vol.210 , pp. 1238-1244
    • Costantini, D.1    Fanfani, A.2    Dell'Omo, G.3
  • 29
    • 33749992882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of β-carotene supplementation on chick growth, immune status and behaviour in the grey partridge, Perdix perdix
    • Cucco M., Guasco B., Malacarne G., Ottonelli R. Effects of β-carotene supplementation on chick growth, immune status and behaviour in the grey partridge, Perdix perdix. Behavioural Processes 2006, 73:325-332.
    • (2006) Behavioural Processes , vol.73 , pp. 325-332
    • Cucco, M.1    Guasco, B.2    Malacarne, G.3    Ottonelli, R.4
  • 30
    • 34249658424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of β-carotene on adult immune condition and antibacterial activity in the eggs of the grey partridge, Perdix perdix
    • Cucco M., Guasco B., Malacarne G., Ottonelli R. Effects of β-carotene on adult immune condition and antibacterial activity in the eggs of the grey partridge, Perdix perdix. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A 2007, 147:1038-1046.
    • (2007) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A , vol.147 , pp. 1038-1046
    • Cucco, M.1    Guasco, B.2    Malacarne, G.3    Ottonelli, R.4
  • 32
    • 0346305111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune response, not immune maintenance, is energetically costly in wild white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus)
    • Derting T.L., Compton S. Immune response, not immune maintenance, is energetically costly in wild white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus). Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 2003, 76:744-752.
    • (2003) Physiological and Biochemical Zoology , vol.76 , pp. 744-752
    • Derting, T.L.1    Compton, S.2
  • 33
    • 0000498563 scopus 로고
    • The prudent parent: energetic adjustments in avian breeding
    • Drent R.H., Daan S. The prudent parent: energetic adjustments in avian breeding. Ardea 1980, 68:225-252.
    • (1980) Ardea , vol.68 , pp. 225-252
    • Drent, R.H.1    Daan, S.2
  • 34
    • 16844386088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The energetic cost of humoral immunity in the collared dove, Streptopelia decaocto: is the magnitude sufficient to force energy-based trade-offs?
    • Eraud C., Duriez O., Chastel O., Faivre B. The energetic cost of humoral immunity in the collared dove, Streptopelia decaocto: is the magnitude sufficient to force energy-based trade-offs?. Functional Ecology 2005, 19:110-118.
    • (2005) Functional Ecology , vol.19 , pp. 110-118
    • Eraud, C.1    Duriez, O.2    Chastel, O.3    Faivre, B.4
  • 35
    • 62749091628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival cost of an early immune soliciting in nature
    • Eraud C., Jacquet A., Faivre B. Survival cost of an early immune soliciting in nature. Evolution 2009, 63:1036-1043.
    • (2009) Evolution , vol.63 , pp. 1036-1043
    • Eraud, C.1    Jacquet, A.2    Faivre, B.3
  • 36
    • 84861869534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoimmune diseases of poultry
    • Elsevier, Amsterdam, F. Davidson, B. Kaspers, K.A. Schat (Eds.)
    • Erf G.A. Autoimmune diseases of poultry. Avian Immunology 2008, 339-358. Elsevier, Amsterdam. F. Davidson, B. Kaspers, K.A. Schat (Eds.).
    • (2008) Avian Immunology , pp. 339-358
    • Erf, G.A.1
  • 37
    • 0034049438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of testosterone on antibody production and plumage colouration in male house sparrows (Passer domesticus)
    • Evans M.R., Goldsmith A.R., Norris S.R.A. The effects of testosterone on antibody production and plumage colouration in male house sparrows (Passer domesticus). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 2000, 47:156-163.
    • (2000) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.47 , pp. 156-163
    • Evans, M.R.1    Goldsmith, A.R.2    Norris, S.R.A.3
  • 38
    • 0142122222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PHA immune response assay in captive zebra finches is modulated by activity prior to testing
    • Ewenson E., Zann R., Flannery G. PHA immune response assay in captive zebra finches is modulated by activity prior to testing. Animal Behaviour 2003, 66:797-800.
    • (2003) Animal Behaviour , vol.66 , pp. 797-800
    • Ewenson, E.1    Zann, R.2    Flannery, G.3
  • 39
    • 0035986946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ecological and physiological cost of lead shot and immunological challenge to developing western bluebirds
    • Fair J.M., Myers O.B. The ecological and physiological cost of lead shot and immunological challenge to developing western bluebirds. Ecotoxicology 2002, 11:199-208.
    • (2002) Ecotoxicology , vol.11 , pp. 199-208
    • Fair, J.M.1    Myers, O.B.2
  • 40
    • 0036202382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological, growth, and immune responses of Japanese quail chicks to the multiple stressors of immunological challenge and lead shot
    • Fair J.M., Ricklefs R.E. Physiological, growth, and immune responses of Japanese quail chicks to the multiple stressors of immunological challenge and lead shot. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 2002, 42:77-87.
    • (2002) Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , vol.42 , pp. 77-87
    • Fair, J.M.1    Ricklefs, R.E.2
  • 41
    • 0033533531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth, developmental stability and immune response in juvenile Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
    • Fair J.M., Hansen E.S., Ricklefs R.E. Growth, developmental stability and immune response in juvenile Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Proceedings of the Royal Society B 1999, 266:1735-1742.
    • (1999) Proceedings of the Royal Society B , vol.266 , pp. 1735-1742
    • Fair, J.M.1    Hansen, E.S.2    Ricklefs, R.E.3
  • 42
  • 43
    • 0036169486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inter-sexual differences in the immune response of Eurasian kestrel nestlings under food shortage
    • Fargallo J.A., Laaksonen T., Pöyri V., Korpimäki E. Inter-sexual differences in the immune response of Eurasian kestrel nestlings under food shortage. Ecology Letters 2002, 5:95-101.
    • (2002) Ecology Letters , vol.5 , pp. 95-101
    • Fargallo, J.A.1    Laaksonen, T.2    Pöyri, V.3    Korpimäki, E.4
  • 44
    • 0036697487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of a carotenoid-rich diet on immunocompetence and behavioural performances in moorhen chicks
    • Fenoglio S., Cucco M., Malacarne G. The effect of a carotenoid-rich diet on immunocompetence and behavioural performances in moorhen chicks. Ethology Ecology & Evolution 2002, 14:149-156.
    • (2002) Ethology Ecology & Evolution , vol.14 , pp. 149-156
    • Fenoglio, S.1    Cucco, M.2    Malacarne, G.3
  • 45
    • 33846201300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotenoid-based plumage colors and immune function: is there a trade-off for rare carotenoids?
    • Fitze P.S., Tschirren B., Gasparini J., Richner H. Carotenoid-based plumage colors and immune function: is there a trade-off for rare carotenoids?. American Naturalist 2007, 169:S137-S144.
    • (2007) American Naturalist , vol.169
    • Fitze, P.S.1    Tschirren, B.2    Gasparini, J.3    Richner, H.4
  • 48
    • 33645712436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indicators of physiological stress and the elaboration of sexual traits in the collared flycatcher
    • Garamszegi L.Z., Merino S., Török J., Eens M., Martínez J. Indicators of physiological stress and the elaboration of sexual traits in the collared flycatcher. Behavioral Ecology 2006, 17:399-404.
    • (2006) Behavioral Ecology , vol.17 , pp. 399-404
    • Garamszegi, L.Z.1    Merino, S.2    Török, J.3    Eens, M.4    Martínez, J.5
  • 49
    • 63849096121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strength and cost of an induced immune response are associated with heritable melanin-based colour trait in female tawny owls
    • Gasparini J., Bize P., Piault R., Wakamatsu K., Blount J.D., Ducrest A.-L., Roulin A. Strength and cost of an induced immune response are associated with heritable melanin-based colour trait in female tawny owls. Journal of Animal Ecology 2009, 78:608-616.
    • (2009) Journal of Animal Ecology , vol.78 , pp. 608-616
    • Gasparini, J.1    Bize, P.2    Piault, R.3    Wakamatsu, K.4    Blount, J.D.5    Ducrest, A.-L.6    Roulin, A.7
  • 51
    • 0032728643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunocompetence and condition-dependent sexual advertisement in male house sparrows (Passer domesticus)
    • Gonzalez G., Sorci G., Møller A.P., Ninni P., Haussy C., de Lope F. Immunocompetence and condition-dependent sexual advertisement in male house sparrows (Passer domesticus). Journal of Animal Ecology 1999, 68:1225-1234.
    • (1999) Journal of Animal Ecology , vol.68 , pp. 1225-1234
    • Gonzalez, G.1    Sorci, G.2    Møller, A.P.3    Ninni, P.4    Haussy, C.5    de Lope, F.6
  • 52
    • 0032802248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation in the relationship between cellular immune response and badge size in male house sparrows (Passer domesticus)
    • Gonzalez G., Sorci G., de Lope F. Seasonal variation in the relationship between cellular immune response and badge size in male house sparrows (Passer domesticus). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 1999, 46:117-122.
    • (1999) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.46 , pp. 117-122
    • Gonzalez, G.1    Sorci, G.2    de Lope, F.3
  • 53
    • 0017833052 scopus 로고
    • Suppression of phytohemagglutinin skin response in thymectomized chickens
    • Goto N., Kodama H., Okada K., Fujimoto Y. Suppression of phytohemagglutinin skin response in thymectomized chickens. Poultry Science 1978, 57:246-250.
    • (1978) Poultry Science , vol.57 , pp. 246-250
    • Goto, N.1    Kodama, H.2    Okada, K.3    Fujimoto, Y.4
  • 55
    • 42349097774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal antibodies reduce costs of an immune response during development
    • Grindstaff J.L. Maternal antibodies reduce costs of an immune response during development. Journal of Experimental Biology 2008, 211:654-660.
    • (2008) Journal of Experimental Biology , vol.211 , pp. 654-660
    • Grindstaff, J.L.1
  • 58
    • 33845366595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Costs of an immune challenge and terminal investment in a long-lived bird
    • Hanssen S.A. Costs of an immune challenge and terminal investment in a long-lived bird. Ecology 2006, 87:2440-2446.
    • (2006) Ecology , vol.87 , pp. 2440-2446
    • Hanssen, S.A.1
  • 62
    • 58349121905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Daily energy expenditure of singing great reed warblers
    • Hasselquist D., Bensch S. Daily energy expenditure of singing great reed warblers. Journal of Avian Biology 2008, 39:384-388.
    • (2008) Journal of Avian Biology , vol.39 , pp. 384-388
    • Hasselquist, D.1    Bensch, S.2
  • 64
    • 0035139416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Humoral immunocompetence correlates with date of egg-laying and reflects workload in female tree swallows
    • Hasselquist D., Wasson M.F., Winkler D.W. Humoral immunocompetence correlates with date of egg-laying and reflects workload in female tree swallows. Behavioral Ecology 2001, 12:93-97.
    • (2001) Behavioral Ecology , vol.12 , pp. 93-97
    • Hasselquist, D.1    Wasson, M.F.2    Winkler, D.W.3
  • 67
    • 0033848203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health impact of phytohaemagglutinin-induced immune challenge on great tit (Parus major) nestlings
    • Hõrak P., Ots I., Tegelmann L., Møller A.P. Health impact of phytohaemagglutinin-induced immune challenge on great tit (Parus major) nestlings. Canadian Journal of Zoology 2000, 78:905-910.
    • (2000) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.78 , pp. 905-910
    • Hõrak, P.1    Ots, I.2    Tegelmann, L.3    Møller, A.P.4
  • 69
  • 70
    • 34948889261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do dietary antioxidants alleviate the cost of immune activation? An experiment with greenfinches
    • Hõrak P., Saks L., Zilmer M., Karu U., Zilmer K. Do dietary antioxidants alleviate the cost of immune activation? An experiment with greenfinches. American Naturalist 2007, 170:625-635.
    • (2007) American Naturalist , vol.170 , pp. 625-635
    • Hõrak, P.1    Saks, L.2    Zilmer, M.3    Karu, U.4    Zilmer, K.5
  • 71
    • 0034616129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimentally activated immune defence in female pied flycatchers results in reduced breeding success
    • Ilmonen P., Taarna T., Hasselquist D. Experimentally activated immune defence in female pied flycatchers results in reduced breeding success. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 2000, 267:665-670.
    • (2000) Proceedings of the Royal Society B , vol.267 , pp. 665-670
    • Ilmonen, P.1    Taarna, T.2    Hasselquist, D.3
  • 72
    • 4043178248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional modulation of resistance to infectious diseases
    • Kidd M.T. Nutritional modulation of resistance to infectious diseases. Poultry Science 2004, 83:650-657.
    • (2004) Poultry Science , vol.83 , pp. 650-657
    • Kidd, M.T.1
  • 73
    • 1042302714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trade-offs between sexual advertisement and immune function in the pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca)
    • Kilpimaa J., Alatalo V.A., Siitari H. Trade-offs between sexual advertisement and immune function in the pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca). Proceedings of the Royal Society B 2004, 271:245-250.
    • (2004) Proceedings of the Royal Society B , vol.271 , pp. 245-250
    • Kilpimaa, J.1    Alatalo, V.A.2    Siitari, H.3
  • 74
    • 1942453326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homeostatic expansion of T cells during immune insufficiency generates autoimmunity
    • King C., Ilic A., Koelsch K., Sarvetnick N. Homeostatic expansion of T cells during immune insufficiency generates autoimmunity. Cell 2004, 117:265-277.
    • (2004) Cell , vol.117 , pp. 265-277
    • King, C.1    Ilic, A.2    Koelsch, K.3    Sarvetnick, N.4
  • 75
    • 0032135190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional modulation of resistance to infectious diseases
    • Klasing K.C. Nutritional modulation of resistance to infectious diseases. Poultry Science 1998, 77:1119-1125.
    • (1998) Poultry Science , vol.77 , pp. 1119-1125
    • Klasing, K.C.1
  • 76
  • 77
    • 0026209438 scopus 로고
    • Monokines in growth and development
    • Klasing K.C., Johnstone B.J. Monokines in growth and development. Poultry Science 1991, 70:1781-1789.
    • (1991) Poultry Science , vol.70 , pp. 1781-1789
    • Klasing, K.C.1    Johnstone, B.J.2
  • 78
    • 0001810219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functions, costs, and benefits of the immune system during development and growth
    • BirdLife South Africa, Johannesburg, N.J. Adams, R.H. Slotow (Eds.)
    • Klasing K.C., Leshchinsky T.V. Functions, costs, and benefits of the immune system during development and growth. Proceedings of the 22 International Ornithological Congress, Durban 1999, 2817-2835. BirdLife South Africa, Johannesburg. N.J. Adams, R.H. Slotow (Eds.).
    • (1999) Proceedings of the 22 International Ornithological Congress, Durban , pp. 2817-2835
    • Klasing, K.C.1    Leshchinsky, T.V.2
  • 79
    • 62449267152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated reproductive effort increases blood parasitaemia and decreases immune function in birds: a meta-regression approach
    • Knowles S.C.L., Nakagawa S., Sheldon B.C. Elevated reproductive effort increases blood parasitaemia and decreases immune function in birds: a meta-regression approach. Functional Ecology 2009, 23:405-415.
    • (2009) Functional Ecology , vol.23 , pp. 405-415
    • Knowles, S.C.L.1    Nakagawa, S.2    Sheldon, B.C.3
  • 80
    • 0142043485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of an acute phase response on tissue carotenoid levels of growing chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)
    • Koutsos E.A., Calvert C.C., Klasing K.C. The effect of an acute phase response on tissue carotenoid levels of growing chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A 2003, 135:635-646.
    • (2003) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A , vol.135 , pp. 635-646
    • Koutsos, E.A.1    Calvert, C.C.2    Klasing, K.C.3
  • 82
    • 0032142899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards a functional explanation for the occurrence of anorexia during parasitic infections
    • Kyriazakis I., Tolkamp B.J., Hutchings M.R. Towards a functional explanation for the occurrence of anorexia during parasitic infections. Animal Behaviour 1998, 56:265-274.
    • (1998) Animal Behaviour , vol.56 , pp. 265-274
    • Kyriazakis, I.1    Tolkamp, B.J.2    Hutchings, M.R.3
  • 83
    • 0002831637 scopus 로고
    • A re-examination of the relation between standard metabolic rate and body weight in birds
    • Lasiewski R.C., Dawson W.R. A re-examination of the relation between standard metabolic rate and body weight in birds. Condor 1967, 69:13-23.
    • (1967) Condor , vol.69 , pp. 13-23
    • Lasiewski, R.C.1    Dawson, W.R.2
  • 85
    • 0036942474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term fluctuations in cellular immunity of tree swallows feeding nestlings
    • Lifjeld J.T., Dunn P.O., Whittingham L.A. Short-term fluctuations in cellular immunity of tree swallows feeding nestlings. Oecologia 2002, 130:185-190.
    • (2002) Oecologia , vol.130 , pp. 185-190
    • Lifjeld, J.T.1    Dunn, P.O.2    Whittingham, L.A.3
  • 86
    • 0344945593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity and predator escape performance of common greenfinches Carduelis chloris infected with Sinbis virus
    • Lindström K.M., van der Veen I.T., Legault B.A., Lundström J.O. Activity and predator escape performance of common greenfinches Carduelis chloris infected with Sinbis virus. Ardea 2003, 91:103-111.
    • (2003) Ardea , vol.91 , pp. 103-111
    • Lindström, K.M.1    van der Veen, I.T.2    Legault, B.A.3    Lundström, J.O.4
  • 88
    • 0034007848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trade-offs in evolutionary immunology: just what is the cost of immunity?
    • Lochmiller R.L., Deerenberg C. Trade-offs in evolutionary immunology: just what is the cost of immunity?. Oikos 2000, 88:87-98.
    • (2000) Oikos , vol.88 , pp. 87-98
    • Lochmiller, R.L.1    Deerenberg, C.2
  • 89
    • 0000727841 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between protein nutritional status and immunocompetence in northern bobwhite chicks
    • Lochmiller R.L., Vestey M.R., Boren J.C. Relationship between protein nutritional status and immunocompetence in northern bobwhite chicks. Auk 1993, 110:503-510.
    • (1993) Auk , vol.110 , pp. 503-510
    • Lochmiller, R.L.1    Vestey, M.R.2    Boren, J.C.3
  • 90
    • 0028042629 scopus 로고
    • Carotenoids, parasites, and sexual selection
    • Lozano G.A. Carotenoids, parasites, and sexual selection. Oikos 1994, 70:309-311.
    • (1994) Oikos , vol.70 , pp. 309-311
    • Lozano, G.A.1
  • 91
    • 0043278861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotenoids, immunocompetence, and the information content of sexual colors: an experimental test
    • McGraw K.J., Ardia D.R. Carotenoids, immunocompetence, and the information content of sexual colors: an experimental test. American Naturalist 2003, 162:704-712.
    • (2003) American Naturalist , vol.162 , pp. 704-712
    • McGraw, K.J.1    Ardia, D.R.2
  • 92
    • 15244347048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in carotenoid status and immune performance in zebra finches
    • McGraw K.J., Ardia D.R. Sex differences in carotenoid status and immune performance in zebra finches. Evolutionary Ecology Research 2005, 7:251-262.
    • (2005) Evolutionary Ecology Research , vol.7 , pp. 251-262
    • McGraw, K.J.1    Ardia, D.R.2
  • 93
    • 33750476689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotenoids, immunity, and integumentary coloration in red junglefowl (Gallus gallus)
    • McGraw K.J., Klasing K.C. Carotenoids, immunity, and integumentary coloration in red junglefowl (Gallus gallus). Auk 2006, 123:1161-1171.
    • (2006) Auk , vol.123 , pp. 1161-1171
    • McGraw, K.J.1    Klasing, K.C.2
  • 94
    • 27644533429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternally derived carotenoid pigments affect offspring survival, sex ratio, and sexual attractiveness in a colorful songbird
    • McGraw K.J., Adkins-Regan E., Parker R.S. Maternally derived carotenoid pigments affect offspring survival, sex ratio, and sexual attractiveness in a colorful songbird. Naturwissenschaften 2005, 92:375-380.
    • (2005) Naturwissenschaften , vol.92 , pp. 375-380
    • McGraw, K.J.1    Adkins-Regan, E.2    Parker, R.S.3
  • 95
    • 33751255664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of dietary carotenoid supplementation on food intake and immune function in a songbird with no carotenoid coloration
    • McGraw K.J., Crino O.L., Medina-Jerez W., Nolan P.M. Effect of dietary carotenoid supplementation on food intake and immune function in a songbird with no carotenoid coloration. Ethology 2006, 112:1209-1216.
    • (2006) Ethology , vol.112 , pp. 1209-1216
    • McGraw, K.J.1    Crino, O.L.2    Medina-Jerez, W.3    Nolan, P.M.4
  • 96
    • 0037460214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune activity elevates energy expenditure of house sparrows: a link between direct and indirect costs?
    • Martin L.B., Scheuerlein A., Wikelski M. Immune activity elevates energy expenditure of house sparrows: a link between direct and indirect costs?. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 2003, 270:153-158.
    • (2003) Proceedings of the Royal Society B , vol.270 , pp. 153-158
    • Martin, L.B.1    Scheuerlein, A.2    Wikelski, M.3
  • 97
    • 33646584149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phytohemagglutinin-induced skin swelling in birds: histological support for a classic immunoecological technique
    • Martin L.B., Han P., Lewittes J., Kuhlman J.R., Klasing K.C., Wikelski M. Phytohemagglutinin-induced skin swelling in birds: histological support for a classic immunoecological technique. Functional Ecology 2006, 20:290-299.
    • (2006) Functional Ecology , vol.20 , pp. 290-299
    • Martin, L.B.1    Han, P.2    Lewittes, J.3    Kuhlman, J.R.4    Klasing, K.C.5    Wikelski, M.6
  • 99
    • 33645817565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two estimates of the metabolic costs of antibody production in migratory shorebirds: low costs, internal reallocation, or both?
    • Mendes L., Piersma T., Hasselquist D. Two estimates of the metabolic costs of antibody production in migratory shorebirds: low costs, internal reallocation, or both?. Journal of Ornithology 2006, 147:274-280.
    • (2006) Journal of Ornithology , vol.147 , pp. 274-280
    • Mendes, L.1    Piersma, T.2    Hasselquist, D.3
  • 100
    • 0031667397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increase in a heat-shock protein from blood cells in response of nestling house martins (Delichon urbica) to parasitism: an experimental approach
    • Merino S., Mártinez J., Barbosa A., Møller A.P., de Lope F., Pérez J., Rodríguez-Caabeiro F. Increase in a heat-shock protein from blood cells in response of nestling house martins (Delichon urbica) to parasitism: an experimental approach. Oecologia 1998, 116:343-347.
    • (1998) Oecologia , vol.116 , pp. 343-347
    • Merino, S.1    Mártinez, J.2    Barbosa, A.3    Møller, A.P.4    de Lope, F.5    Pérez, J.6    Rodríguez-Caabeiro, F.7
  • 103
  • 104
    • 57549116867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress as a mediator of life history trade-offs: mechanisms, measurements and interpretation
    • Monaghan P., Metcalfe N.B., Torres R. Oxidative stress as a mediator of life history trade-offs: mechanisms, measurements and interpretation. Ecology Letters 2009, 12:75-92.
    • (2009) Ecology Letters , vol.12 , pp. 75-92
    • Monaghan, P.1    Metcalfe, N.B.2    Torres, R.3
  • 105
    • 84861875426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations between immune parameters, parasitism, and stress in breeding pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) females
    • Morales J., Moreno J., Merino S., Tomás G., Martínez J., Garamszegi L.Z. Associations between immune parameters, parasitism, and stress in breeding pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) females. Functional Ecology 2004, 20:647-655.
    • (2004) Functional Ecology , vol.20 , pp. 647-655
    • Morales, J.1    Moreno, J.2    Merino, S.3    Tomás, G.4    Martínez, J.5    Garamszegi, L.Z.6
  • 106
    • 33745837068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Higher stress protein levels are associated with lower humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in pied flycatcher females
    • Morales J., Moreno J., Lobato E., Merino S., Tomás G., Martínez de la Puente J., Martínez J. Higher stress protein levels are associated with lower humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in pied flycatcher females. Functional Ecology 2006, 20:647-655.
    • (2006) Functional Ecology , vol.20 , pp. 647-655
    • Morales, J.1    Moreno, J.2    Lobato, E.3    Merino, S.4    Tomás, G.5    Martínez de la Puente, J.6    Martínez, J.7
  • 107
    • 0033532724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive effort and T-lymphocyte cell-mediated immunocompetence in female pied flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca
    • Moreno J., Sanz J.J., Arriero E. Reproductive effort and T-lymphocyte cell-mediated immunocompetence in female pied flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 1999, 266:1105-1109.
    • (1999) Proceedings of the Royal Society B , vol.266 , pp. 1105-1109
    • Moreno, J.1    Sanz, J.J.2    Arriero, E.3
  • 108
    • 0035655447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Daily energy expenditure and cell-mediated immunity in pied flycatchers while feeding nestlings: interaction with moult
    • Moreno J., Sanz J.J., Merino S. Daily energy expenditure and cell-mediated immunity in pied flycatchers while feeding nestlings: interaction with moult. Oecologia 2001, 129:492-497.
    • (2001) Oecologia , vol.129 , pp. 492-497
    • Moreno, J.1    Sanz, J.J.2    Merino, S.3
  • 109
    • 0036926741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterophil/lymphocyte ratios and heat-shock protein levels are related to growth in nestling birds
    • Moreno J., Merino S., Martínez J., Sanz J.J., Arriero E. Heterophil/lymphocyte ratios and heat-shock protein levels are related to growth in nestling birds. Ecoscience 2002, 9:434-439.
    • (2002) Ecoscience , vol.9 , pp. 434-439
    • Moreno, J.1    Merino, S.2    Martínez, J.3    Sanz, J.J.4    Arriero, E.5
  • 110
    • 78751696556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trade-off between growth and immune function: a meta-analysis of selection experiments
    • van der Most P.J., de Jong B., Parmentier H.K., Verhulst S. Trade-off between growth and immune function: a meta-analysis of selection experiments. Functional Ecology 2011, 25:74-80.
    • (2011) Functional Ecology , vol.25 , pp. 74-80
    • van der Most, P.J.1    de Jong, B.2    Parmentier, H.K.3    Verhulst, S.4
  • 112
    • 0021724901 scopus 로고
    • Physiological functions of glucocorticoids in stress and their relation with pharmacological actions
    • Munck A., Guyre P.M., Holbrook N.J. Physiological functions of glucocorticoids in stress and their relation with pharmacological actions. Endocrine Reviews 1984, 5:25-44.
    • (1984) Endocrine Reviews , vol.5 , pp. 25-44
    • Munck, A.1    Guyre, P.M.2    Holbrook, N.J.3
  • 114
    • 1642424253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary carotenoid pigments and immune function in a songbird with extensive carotenoid-based plumage coloration
    • Navara K.J., Hill G.E. Dietary carotenoid pigments and immune function in a songbird with extensive carotenoid-based plumage coloration. Behavioral Ecology 2003, 14:909-916.
    • (2003) Behavioral Ecology , vol.14 , pp. 909-916
    • Navara, K.J.1    Hill, G.E.2
  • 115
    • 0013130731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of an immune response in house sparrows Passer domesticus in relation to time of day, body condition and blood parasite infection
    • Navarro C., Marzal A., de Lope F., Møller A.P. Dynamics of an immune response in house sparrows Passer domesticus in relation to time of day, body condition and blood parasite infection. Oikos 2003, 101:291-298.
    • (2003) Oikos , vol.101 , pp. 291-298
    • Navarro, C.1    Marzal, A.2    de Lope, F.3    Møller, A.P.4
  • 116
    • 35048844183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat-specific effects of a food supplementation experiment on immunocompetence in Eurasian magpie Pica pica nestlings
    • de Neve L., Soler J.J., Ruiz-Rodríguez M., Martín-Gálvez D., Pérez-Contreras T., Soler M. Habitat-specific effects of a food supplementation experiment on immunocompetence in Eurasian magpie Pica pica nestlings. Ibis 2007, 149:763-773.
    • (2007) Ibis , vol.149 , pp. 763-773
    • de Neve, L.1    Soler, J.J.2    Ruiz-Rodríguez, M.3    Martín-Gálvez, D.4    Pérez-Contreras, T.5    Soler, M.6
  • 118
    • 34347385484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the strength of an immune response reflect its energetic cost?
    • Nilsson J.-Å., Granbom M., Råberg L. Does the strength of an immune response reflect its energetic cost?. Journal of Avian Biology 2007, 38:488-494.
    • (2007) Journal of Avian Biology , vol.38 , pp. 488-494
    • Nilsson, J.-Å.1    Granbom, M.2    Råberg, L.3
  • 119
    • 37349061054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parasite-mediated growth patterns and nutritional constraints in a cavity-nesting bird
    • O'Brien E.L., Dawson R.D. Parasite-mediated growth patterns and nutritional constraints in a cavity-nesting bird. Journal of Animal Ecology 2008, 77:127-134.
    • (2008) Journal of Animal Ecology , vol.77 , pp. 127-134
    • O'Brien, E.L.1    Dawson, R.D.2
  • 121
    • 0038001494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of nutrition on sexual ornaments and humoral immune responsiveness in adult male pheasants
    • Ohlsson T., Smith H.G., Råberg L., Hasselquist D. Effects of nutrition on sexual ornaments and humoral immune responsiveness in adult male pheasants. Ethology, Ecology & Evolution 2003, 15:31-42.
    • (2003) Ethology, Ecology & Evolution , vol.15 , pp. 31-42
    • Ohlsson, T.1    Smith, H.G.2    Råberg, L.3    Hasselquist, D.4
  • 123
    • 29244464318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal, behavioral, and thermoregulatory responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharide in captive and free-living white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii)
    • Owen-Ashley N.T., Turner M., Hahn T.P., Wingfield J.C. Hormonal, behavioral, and thermoregulatory responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharide in captive and free-living white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii). Hormones and Behavior 2007, 49:15-29.
    • (2007) Hormones and Behavior , vol.49 , pp. 15-29
    • Owen-Ashley, N.T.1    Turner, M.2    Hahn, T.P.3    Wingfield, J.C.4
  • 124
    • 33749184309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal modulation of sickness behaviour in free-living northwestern song sparrows (Melospiza melodia morphna)
    • Owen-Ashley N.T., Wingfield J.C. Seasonal modulation of sickness behaviour in free-living northwestern song sparrows (Melospiza melodia morphna). Journal of Experimental Biology 2006, 209:3062-3070.
    • (2006) Journal of Experimental Biology , vol.209 , pp. 3062-3070
    • Owen-Ashley, N.T.1    Wingfield, J.C.2
  • 125
    • 36949016867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute phase responses of passerines: characterization and seasonal variation
    • Owen-Ashley N.T., Wingfield J.C. Acute phase responses of passerines: characterization and seasonal variation. Journal of Ornithology, Supplement 2007, 148:S583-S591.
    • (2007) Journal of Ornithology, Supplement , vol.148
    • Owen-Ashley, N.T.1    Wingfield, J.C.2
  • 126
    • 6344265162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgens and the immunocompetence handicap hypothesis: unraveling direct and indirect pathways of immunosuppression in song sparrows
    • Owen-Ashley N.T., Hasselquist D., Wingfield J.C. Androgens and the immunocompetence handicap hypothesis: unraveling direct and indirect pathways of immunosuppression in song sparrows. American Naturalist 2004, 164:490-505.
    • (2004) American Naturalist , vol.164 , pp. 490-505
    • Owen-Ashley, N.T.1    Hasselquist, D.2    Wingfield, J.C.3
  • 127
    • 0025367242 scopus 로고
    • Fluctuating asymmetry: an epigenetic measure of stress
    • Parsons P.A. Fluctuating asymmetry: an epigenetic measure of stress. Biological Reviews 1990, 65:131-145.
    • (1990) Biological Reviews , vol.65 , pp. 131-145
    • Parsons, P.A.1
  • 128
    • 3342881893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trade-offs between immune investment and sexual signalling in male mallards
    • Peters A.P., Delhey K., Denk A.G., Kempenaers B. Trade-offs between immune investment and sexual signalling in male mallards. American Naturalist 2004, 164:51-59.
    • (2004) American Naturalist , vol.164 , pp. 51-59
    • Peters, A.P.1    Delhey, K.2    Denk, A.G.3    Kempenaers, B.4
  • 129
    • 27144446340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary amino acids influence plumage traits and immune responses of male house sparrows, Passer domesticus, but not as expected
    • Poston J.H., Hasselquist D., Stewart I.R.K., Westneat D.F. Dietary amino acids influence plumage traits and immune responses of male house sparrows, Passer domesticus, but not as expected. Animal Behaviour 2005, 70:1171-1181.
    • (2005) Animal Behaviour , vol.70 , pp. 1171-1181
    • Poston, J.H.1    Hasselquist, D.2    Stewart, I.R.K.3    Westneat, D.F.4
  • 131
    • 3242660058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing the immunocompetence handicap hypothesis: a review of the evidence
    • Roberts M.L., Buchanan K.L., Evans M.R. Testing the immunocompetence handicap hypothesis: a review of the evidence. Animal Behaviour 2004, 68:227-239.
    • (2004) Animal Behaviour , vol.68 , pp. 227-239
    • Roberts, M.L.1    Buchanan, K.L.2    Evans, M.R.3
  • 132
    • 18244416864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural selection on immune responsiveness in blue tits Parus caeruleus
    • Råberg L., Stjernman M. Natural selection on immune responsiveness in blue tits Parus caeruleus. Evolution 2003, 57:1670-1678.
    • (2003) Evolution , vol.57 , pp. 1670-1678
    • Råberg, L.1    Stjernman, M.2
  • 136
    • 0041695558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune responsiveness in adult blue tits: heritability and effects of nutritional status during ontogeny
    • Råberg L., Stjernman M., Hasselquist D. Immune responsiveness in adult blue tits: heritability and effects of nutritional status during ontogeny. Oecologia 2003, 136:360-364.
    • (2003) Oecologia , vol.136 , pp. 360-364
    • Råberg, L.1    Stjernman, M.2    Hasselquist, D.3
  • 137
    • 0030783819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunocompetence of nestling barn swallows in relation to brood size and parental effort
    • Saino N., Calza S., Møller A.P. Immunocompetence of nestling barn swallows in relation to brood size and parental effort. Journal of Animal Ecology 1997, 66:827-836.
    • (1997) Journal of Animal Ecology , vol.66 , pp. 827-836
    • Saino, N.1    Calza, S.2    Møller, A.P.3
  • 138
    • 0036214774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune response of male barn swallows in relation to parental effort, corticosterone plasma levels, and sexual ornamentation
    • Saino N., Incagli M., Martinelli R., Møller A.P. Immune response of male barn swallows in relation to parental effort, corticosterone plasma levels, and sexual ornamentation. Behavioral Ecology 2002, 13:169-174.
    • (2002) Behavioral Ecology , vol.13 , pp. 169-174
    • Saino, N.1    Incagli, M.2    Martinelli, R.3    Møller, A.P.4
  • 140
    • 0030456227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological immunology: costly parasite defences and trade-offs in evolutionary ecology
    • Sheldon B.C., Verhulst S. Ecological immunology: costly parasite defences and trade-offs in evolutionary ecology. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 1996, 11:317-321.
    • (1996) Trends in Ecology & Evolution , vol.11 , pp. 317-321
    • Sheldon, B.C.1    Verhulst, S.2
  • 141
    • 33845704383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotenoid and protein supplementation have differential effects on pheasant ornamentation and immunity
    • Smith H.G., Råberg L., Ohlsson T., Granbom M., Hasselquist D. Carotenoid and protein supplementation have differential effects on pheasant ornamentation and immunity. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 2007, 20:310-319.
    • (2007) Journal of Evolutionary Biology , vol.20 , pp. 310-319
    • Smith, H.G.1    Råberg, L.2    Ohlsson, T.3    Granbom, M.4    Hasselquist, D.5
  • 144
    • 79952659906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The free radical damage theory: accumulating evidence against a simple link of oxidative stress to ageing and lifespan
    • Speakman J.R., Selman C. The free radical damage theory: accumulating evidence against a simple link of oxidative stress to ageing and lifespan. Bioessays 2011, 33:255-259.
    • (2011) Bioessays , vol.33 , pp. 255-259
    • Speakman, J.R.1    Selman, C.2
  • 146
    • 67649498093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of corticosterone on innate and humoral immune functions and oxidative stress in barn owl nestlings
    • Stier K.S., Almasi B., Gasparini J., Piault R., Roulin A., Jenni L. Effects of corticosterone on innate and humoral immune functions and oxidative stress in barn owl nestlings. Journal of Experimental Biology 2009, 212:2085-2091.
    • (2009) Journal of Experimental Biology , vol.212 , pp. 2085-2091
    • Stier, K.S.1    Almasi, B.2    Gasparini, J.3    Piault, R.4    Roulin, A.5    Jenni, L.6
  • 147
    • 49249112444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maximum host survival at intermediate parasite infection intensities
    • Stjernman M., Råberg L., Nilsson J.-Å. Maximum host survival at intermediate parasite infection intensities. PLoS ONE 2008, 3:e2463. 10.1371/journal.pone.0002463.
    • (2008) PLoS ONE , vol.3
    • Stjernman, M.1    Råberg, L.2    Nilsson, J.-Å.3
  • 149
    • 0032449516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energetic stress, immunosuppression, and the costs of an antibody response
    • Svensson E., Råberg L., Hasselquist D., Koch C. Energetic stress, immunosuppression, and the costs of an antibody response. Functional Ecology 1998, 12:912-919.
    • (1998) Functional Ecology , vol.12 , pp. 912-919
    • Svensson, E.1    Råberg, L.2    Hasselquist, D.3    Koch, C.4
  • 150
    • 0028869486 scopus 로고
    • The basis of autoimmunity. I Mechanisms of aberrant self-recognition
    • Theofilopoulos A.N. The basis of autoimmunity. I Mechanisms of aberrant self-recognition. Immunology Today 1995, 16:90-98.
    • (1995) Immunology Today , vol.16 , pp. 90-98
    • Theofilopoulos, A.N.1
  • 151
    • 14844285403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress protein levels and blood parasite infection in blue tits (Parus caeruleus): a medication field experiment
    • Tomás G., Merino S., Martínez J., Moreno J., Sanz J.J. Stress protein levels and blood parasite infection in blue tits (Parus caeruleus): a medication field experiment. Annales Zoologici Fennici 2005, 42:45-56.
    • (2005) Annales Zoologici Fennici , vol.42 , pp. 45-56
    • Tomás, G.1    Merino, S.2    Martínez, J.3    Moreno, J.4    Sanz, J.J.5
  • 152
    • 35148828946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Male reproductive senescence: the price of immune-induced oxidative damage on sexual attractiveness in the blue-footed booby
    • Torres R., Velando A. Male reproductive senescence: the price of immune-induced oxidative damage on sexual attractiveness in the blue-footed booby. Journal of Animal Ecology 2007, 76:1161-1168.
    • (2007) Journal of Animal Ecology , vol.76 , pp. 1161-1168
    • Torres, R.1    Velando, A.2
  • 153
    • 33750147017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant protection and plasma carotenoids of incubating great tits (Parus major L.) in relation to health state and breeding conditions
    • Tummeleht L., Mägi M., Kilgas P., Mänd R., Hõrak P. Antioxidant protection and plasma carotenoids of incubating great tits (Parus major L.) in relation to health state and breeding conditions. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C 2006, 144:166-172.
    • (2006) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C , vol.144 , pp. 166-172
    • Tummeleht, L.1    Mägi, M.2    Kilgas, P.3    Mänd, R.4    Hõrak, P.5
  • 154
    • 13444301652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brood size and immunity costs in zebra finches Taeniopygia guttata
    • Verhulst S., Riedstra B., Wiersma P. Brood size and immunity costs in zebra finches Taeniopygia guttata. Journal of Avian Biology 2005, 36:22-30.
    • (2005) Journal of Avian Biology , vol.36 , pp. 22-30
    • Verhulst, S.1    Riedstra, B.2    Wiersma, P.3
  • 156
    • 0036773885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The costs of immunological challenge to developing mountain chickadees, Poecile gambeli, in the wild
    • Whitaker S., Fair J. The costs of immunological challenge to developing mountain chickadees, Poecile gambeli, in the wild. Oikos 2002, 99:161-165.
    • (2002) Oikos , vol.99 , pp. 161-165
    • Whitaker, S.1    Fair, J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.