메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 125, Issue 20, 2012, Pages 2520-2544

Periodontal disease and atherosclerotic vascular disease: Does the evidence support an independent association?: A scientific statement from the American heart association

Author keywords

AHA Scientific Statements; Atherosclerosis; Coronary disease; Infection; Infectious disease; Pathogenesis; Periodontal disease

Indexed keywords

INTERLEUKIN 1; INTERLEUKIN 6; INTERLEUKIN 8;

EID: 84861336354     PISSN: 00097322     EISSN: 15244539     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e31825719f3     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (780)

References (282)
  • 1
    • 0000635715 scopus 로고
    • The human mouth as a focus of infection
    • Miller WD. The human mouth as a focus of infection. Dent Cosmos. 1891;33:689-713.
    • (1891) Dent Cosmos , vol.33 , pp. 689-713
    • Miller, W.D.1
  • 2
    • 0002402008 scopus 로고
    • Observations relating to subacute infective endocarditis
    • Lewis T, Grant R. Observations relating to subacute infective endocarditis. Heart. 1923;10:21-77.
    • (1923) Heart , vol.10 , pp. 21-77
    • Lewis, T.1    Grant, R.2
  • 3
    • 50249223685 scopus 로고
    • Bacteriæmia and oral sepsis with special reference to the ætiology of subacute endocarditis
    • Okell CC, Elliott SD. Bacteriæmia and oral sepsis with special reference to the ætiology of subacute endocarditis. Lancet. 1935;2:869-872.
    • (1935) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 869-872
    • Okell, C.C.1    Elliott, S.D.2
  • 5
    • 0034158093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The focal infection theory: Appraisal and reappraisal
    • Pallasch TJ, Wahl MJ. The focal infection theory: appraisal and reappraisal. J Calif Dent Assoc. 2000;28:194-200.
    • (2000) J Calif Dent Assoc , vol.28 , pp. 194-200
    • Pallasch, T.J.1    Wahl, M.J.2
  • 6
    • 17744384174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focal infection: New age or ancient history?
    • Pallasch TJ, Wahl MJ. Focal infection: new age or ancient history? Endod Top. 2003;4:32-45.
    • (2003) Endod Top , vol.4 , pp. 32-45
    • Pallasch, T.J.1    Wahl, M.J.2
  • 8
    • 0027717825 scopus 로고
    • Dental infections as a risk factor for acute myocardial infarction
    • Mattila KJ. Dental infections as a risk factor for acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J. 1993;14(suppl K):51-53.
    • (1993) Eur Heart J , vol.14 , Issue.SUPPL. K , pp. 51-53
    • Mattila, K.J.1
  • 9
    • 77956022026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Gum bug, leave my heart alone!": Epidemiologic and mechanistic evidence linking periodontal infections and atherosclerosis
    • Kebschull M, Demmer RT, Papapanou PN. "Gum bug, leave my heart alone!": epidemiologic and mechanistic evidence linking periodontal infections and atherosclerosis. J Dent Res. 2010;89:879-902.
    • (2010) J Dent Res , vol.89 , pp. 879-902
    • Kebschull, M.1    Demmer, R.T.2    Papapanou, P.N.3
  • 11
    • 63849222637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of periodontal diseases
    • Lindhe J Karring T Lang NP eds Oxford UK: Blackwell Munksgaard;
    • Papapanou PN, Lindhe J. Epidemiology of periodontal diseases. In: Lindhe J, Karring T, Lang NP, eds. Clinical Periodontology and Implant Dentistry. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Munksgaard; 2008:129-179.
    • (2008) Clinical Periodontology and Implant Dentistry , pp. 129-179
    • Papapanou, P.N.1    Lindhe, J.2
  • 12
    • 77953176792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiologic patterns of chronic and aggressive periodontitis
    • Demmer RT, Papapanou PN. Epidemiologic patterns of chronic and aggressive periodontitis. Periodontol 2000. 2010;53:28-44.
    • (2000) Periodontol , vol.53 , pp. 28-44
    • Demmer, R.T.1    Papapanou, P.N.2
  • 14
    • 0036044319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The economics of periodontal diseases
    • Brown LJ, Johns BA, Wall TP. The economics of periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000. 2002;29:223-234.
    • (2000) Periodontol , vol.29 , pp. 223-234
    • Brown, L.J.1    Johns, B.A.2    Wall, T.P.3
  • 15
    • 13444265872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periodontal microbiota and carotid intima-media thickness: The Oral Infections and Vascular Disease Epidemiology Study (INVEST)
    • Desvarieux M, Demmer RT, Rundek T, Boden-Albala B, Jacobs DR Jr, Sacco RL, Papapanou PN. Periodontal microbiota and carotid intima-media thickness: the Oral Infections and Vascular Disease Epidemiology Study (INVEST). Circulation. 2005;111:576-582.
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.111 , pp. 576-582
    • Desvarieux, M.1    Demmer, R.T.2    Rundek, T.3    Boden-Albala, B.4    Jacobs Jr., D.R.5    Sacco, R.L.6    Papapanou, P.N.7
  • 16
    • 33644977990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periodontal infections and coronary heart disease: Role of periodontal bacteria and importance of total pathogen burden in the Coronary Event and Periodontal Disease (CORODONT) study
    • Spahr A, Klein E, Khuseyinova N, Boeckh C, Muche R, Kunze M, Rothenbacher D, Pezeshki G, Hoffmeister A, Koenig W. Periodontal infections and coronary heart disease: role of periodontal bacteria and importance of total pathogen burden in the Coronary Event and Periodontal Disease (CORODONT) study. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166:554-559.
    • (2006) Arch Intern Med , vol.166 , pp. 554-559
    • Spahr, A.1    Klein, E.2    Khuseyinova, N.3    Boeckh, C.4    Muche, R.5    Kunze, M.6    Rothenbacher, D.7    Pezeshki, G.8    Hoffmeister, A.9    Koenig, W.10
  • 17
    • 33748555206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial profile and burden of periodontal infection in subjects with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome
    • Renvert S, Pettersson T, Ohlsson O, Persson GR. Bacterial profile and burden of periodontal infection in subjects with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. J Periodontol. 2006;77:1110-1119.
    • (2006) J Periodontol , vol.77 , pp. 1110-1119
    • Renvert, S.1    Pettersson, T.2    Ohlsson, O.3    Persson, G.R.4
  • 23
    • 27644594656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations between IgG antibody to oral organisms and carotid intima-medial thickness in community-dwelling adults
    • Beck JD, Eke P, Lin D, Madianos P, Couper D, Moss K, Elter J, Heiss G, Offenbacher S. Associations between IgG antibody to oral organisms and carotid intima-medial thickness in community-dwelling adults. Atherosclerosis. 2005;183:342-348.
    • (2005) Atherosclerosis , vol.183 , pp. 342-348
    • Beck, J.D.1    Eke, P.2    Lin, D.3    Madianos, P.4    Couper, D.5    Moss, K.6    Elter, J.7    Heiss, G.8    Offenbacher, S.9
  • 25
    • 35448957718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum microbial-and hostderived markers of periodontal diseases: A review
    • Pussinen PJ, Paju S, Mäntylä P, Sorsa T. Serum microbial-and hostderived markers of periodontal diseases: a review. Curr Med Chem. 2007;14:2402-2412.
    • (2007) Curr Med Chem , vol.14 , pp. 2402-2412
    • Pussinen, P.J.1    Paju, S.2    Mäntylä, P.3    Sorsa, T.4
  • 26
    • 43449115678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibody levels to single bacteria or in combination evaluated against myocardial infarction
    • Lund Håheim L, Olsen I, Nafstad P, Schwarze P, Rønningen KS. Antibody levels to single bacteria or in combination evaluated against myocardial infarction. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35:473-478.
    • (2008) J Clin Periodontol , vol.35 , pp. 473-478
    • Lund Håheim, L.1    Olsen, I.2    Nafstad, P.3    Schwarze, P.4    Rønningen, K.S.5
  • 27
    • 0030280520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consensus report: Periodontal diseases: Pathogenesis and microbial factors
    • Consensus report: periodontal diseases: pathogenesis and microbial factors. Ann Periodontol. 1996;1:926-932.
    • (1996) Ann Periodontol , vol.1 , pp. 926-932
  • 28
    • 20444479418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periodontal microbial ecology
    • Socransky SS, Haffajee AD. Periodontal microbial ecology. Periodontol 2000. 2005;38:135-187.
    • (2000) Periodontol , vol.38 , pp. 135-187
    • Socransky, S.S.1    Haffajee, A.D.2
  • 30
    • 0028457301 scopus 로고
    • The protective nature of host responses in periodontal diseases
    • Ebersole JL, Taubman MA. The protective nature of host responses in periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000. 1994;5:112-141.
    • (1994) Periodontol , vol.5 , pp. 112-141
    • Ebersole, J.L.1    Taubman, M.A.2
  • 31
    • 0001726154 scopus 로고
    • The passage of tissue fluid into the clinically healthy gingival pocket
    • Brill N, Krasse BO. The passage of tissue fluid into the clinically healthy gingival pocket. Acta Odontol Scand. 1958;16:233-245.
    • (1958) Acta Odontol Scand , vol.16 , pp. 233-245
    • Brill, N.1    Krasse, B.O.2
  • 32
    • 0024672611 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial adhesion to oral tissues: A model for infectious diseases
    • Gibbons RJ. Bacterial adhesion to oral tissues: a model for infectious diseases. J Dent Res. 1989;68:750-760.
    • (1989) J Dent Res , vol.68 , pp. 750-760
    • Gibbons, R.J.1
  • 33
    • 0028457302 scopus 로고
    • The bacteria of periodontal diseases
    • Moore WE, Moore LV. The bacteria of periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000. 1994;5:66-77.
    • (1994) Periodontol , vol.5 , pp. 66-77
    • Moore, W.E.1    Moore, L.V.2
  • 35
    • 13244278934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbiology of periodontal disease
    • Lindhe J Karring T Lang NP eds Oxford UK: Blackwell Munksgaard; chap 4
    • Socransky SS, Haffajee AD. Microbiology of periodontal disease. In: Lindhe J, Karring T, Lang NP, eds. Clinical Periodontology and Implant Dentistry. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Munksgaard; 2003:chap 4.
    • (2003) Clinical Periodontology and Implant Dentistry
    • Socransky, S.S.1    Haffajee, A.D.2
  • 40
    • 0021028669 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between oxygen tension and subgingival bacterial flora in untreated human periodontal pockets
    • Loesche WJ, Gusberti F, Mettraux G, Higgins T, Syed S. Relationship between oxygen tension and subgingival bacterial flora in untreated human periodontal pockets. Infect Immun. 1983;42:659-667.
    • (1983) Infect Immun , vol.42 , pp. 659-667
    • Loesche, W.J.1    Gusberti, F.2    Mettraux, G.3    Higgins, T.4    Syed, S.5
  • 41
    • 0028354883 scopus 로고
    • Diversity of cultivable and uncultivable oral spirochetes from a patient with severe destructive periodontitis
    • Choi BK, Paster BJ, Dewhirst FE, Göbel UB. Diversity of cultivable and uncultivable oral spirochetes from a patient with severe destructive periodontitis. Infect Immun. 1994;62:1889-1895.
    • (1994) Infect Immun , vol.62 , pp. 1889-1895
    • Choi, B.K.1    Paster, B.J.2    Dewhirst, F.E.3    Göbel, U.B.4
  • 42
    • 0034568040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral Chlamydia trachomatis in patients with established periodontitis
    • Reed SG, Lopatin DE, Foxman B, Burt BA. Oral Chlamydia trachomatis in patients with established periodontitis. Clin Oral Investig. 2000;4:226-232.
    • (2000) Clin Oral Investig , vol.4 , pp. 226-232
    • Reed, S.G.1    Lopatin, D.E.2    Foxman, B.3    Burt, B.A.4
  • 43
    • 0019751475 scopus 로고
    • Isolation and enumeration of mycoplasmas in dental plaques
    • Uchida A. Isolation and enumeration of mycoplasmas in dental plaques. Bull Tokyo Med Dent Univ. 1981;28:117-123.
    • (1981) Bull Tokyo Med Dent Univ , vol.28 , pp. 117-123
    • Uchida, A.1
  • 44
    • 0025173852 scopus 로고
    • Mycoplasma in relation to gingivitis and periodontitis
    • Kwek HS, Wilson M, Newman HN. Mycoplasma in relation to gingivitis and periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 1990;17:119-122.
    • (1990) J Clin Periodontol , vol.17 , pp. 119-122
    • Kwek, H.S.1    Wilson, M.2    Newman, H.N.3
  • 45
    • 0027461544 scopus 로고
    • Detection of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque by reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction
    • Nguyen AM, Engstrand L, Genta RM, Graham DY, el-Zaatari FA. Detection of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque by reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol. 1993;31:783-787.
    • (1993) J Clin Microbiol , vol.31 , pp. 783-787
    • Nguyen, A.M.1    Engstrand, L.2    Genta, R.M.3    Graham, D.Y.4    El-Zaatari, F.A.5
  • 47
    • 0034025764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristic distribution pattern of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque and saliva detected with nested PCR
    • Song Q, Lange T, Spahr A, Adler G, Bode G. Characteristic distribution pattern of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque and saliva detected with nested PCR. J Med Microbiol. 2000;49:349-353.
    • (2000) J Med Microbiol , vol.49 , pp. 349-353
    • Song, Q.1    Lange, T.2    Spahr, A.3    Adler, G.4    Bode, G.5
  • 48
    • 56149123867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yeast diversity in the oral microbiota of subjects with periodontitis: Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis colonize the periodontal pockets
    • Urzúa B, Hermosilla G, Gamonal J, Morales-Bozo I, Canals M, Barahona S, Cóccola C, Cifuentes V. Yeast diversity in the oral microbiota of subjects with periodontitis: Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis colonize the periodontal pockets. Med Mycol. 2008;46:783-793.
    • (2008) Med Mycol , vol.46 , pp. 783-793
    • Urzúa, B.1    Hermosilla, G.2    Gamonal, J.3    Morales-Bozo, I.4    Canals, M.5    Barahona, S.6    Cóccola, C.7    Cifuentes, V.8
  • 51
    • 1542572632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Candida yeasts in chronic periodontitis tissues and subgingival microbial biofilms in vivo
    • Järvensivu A, Hietanen J, Rautemaa R, Sorsa T, Richardson M. Candida yeasts in chronic periodontitis tissues and subgingival microbial biofilms in vivo. Oral Dis. 2004;10:106-112.
    • (2004) Oral Dis , vol.10 , pp. 106-112
    • Järvensivu, A.1    Hietanen, J.2    Rautemaa, R.3    Sorsa, T.4    Richardson, M.5
  • 53
    • 57349138321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of herpesviruses and periodontal pathogens in subgingival plaque of patients with chronic periodontitis, generalized aggressive periodontitis, or gingivitis
    • Imbronito AV, Okuda OS, Maria de FN, Moreira Lotufo RF, Nunes FD. Detection of herpesviruses and periodontal pathogens in subgingival plaque of patients with chronic periodontitis, generalized aggressive periodontitis, or gingivitis. J Periodontol. 2008;79:2313-2321.
    • (2008) J Periodontol , vol.79 , pp. 2313-2321
    • Imbronito, A.V.1    Okuda, O.S.2    Maria De, F.N.3    Moreira Lotufo, R.F.4    Nunes, F.D.5
  • 55
    • 0031714195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entamoeba gingivalis in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients with periodontal disease
    • Lucht E, Evengård B, Skott J, Pehrson P, Nord CE. Entamoeba gingivalis in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients with periodontal disease. Clin Infect Dis. 1998;27:471-473.
    • (1998) Clin Infect Dis , vol.27 , pp. 471-473
    • Lucht, E.1    Evengård, B.2    Skott, J.3    Pehrson, P.4    Nord, C.E.5
  • 57
    • 0035868579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of archaeal rDNA from subgingival dental plaque by PCR amplification and sequence analysis
    • Kulik EM, Sandmeier H, Hinni K, Meyer J. Identification of archaeal rDNA from subgingival dental plaque by PCR amplification and sequence analysis. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2001;196:129-133.
    • (2001) FEMS Microbiol Lett , vol.196 , pp. 129-133
    • Kulik, E.M.1    Sandmeier, H.2    Hinni, K.3    Meyer, J.4
  • 59
    • 0028242584 scopus 로고
    • Isolation and characterization of Methanobrevibacter oralis sp. nov
    • Ferrari A, Brusa T, Rutili A, Canzi E, Biavati B. Isolation and characterization of Methanobrevibacter oralis sp. nov. Curr Microbiol. 1994; 29:7-12.
    • (1994) Curr Microbiol , vol.29 , pp. 7-12
    • Ferrari, A.1    Brusa, T.2    Rutili, A.3    Canzi, E.4    Biavati, B.5
  • 60
    • 0027023536 scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan in periodontal pockets
    • Persson S. Hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan in periodontal pockets. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 1992;7:378-379.
    • (1992) Oral Microbiol Immunol , vol.7 , pp. 378-379
    • Persson, S.1
  • 62
    • 0035887931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mature dendritic cells infiltrate the T cell-rich region of oral mucosa in chronic periodontitis: In situ, in vivo, and in vitro studies
    • Jotwani R, Palucka AK, Al-Quotub M, Nouri-Shirazi M, Kim J, Bell D, Banchereau J, Cutler CW. Mature dendritic cells infiltrate the T cell-rich region of oral mucosa in chronic periodontitis: in situ, in vivo, and in vitro studies. J Immunol. 2001;167:4693-4700.
    • (2001) J Immunol , vol.167 , pp. 4693-4700
    • Jotwani, R.1    Palucka, A.K.2    Al-Quotub, M.3    Nouri-Shirazi, M.4    Kim, J.5    Bell, D.6    Banchereau, J.7    Cutler, C.W.8
  • 63
    • 33744479981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Porphyromonas gingivalisepithelial cell interactions in periodontitis
    • Andrian E, Grenier D, Rouabhia M. Porphyromonas gingivalisepithelial cell interactions in periodontitis. J Dent Res. 2006;85: 392-403.
    • (2006) J Dent Res , vol.85 , pp. 392-403
    • Andrian, E.1    Grenier, D.2    Rouabhia, M.3
  • 65
    • 0027469567 scopus 로고
    • Requirements for invasion of epithelial cells by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
    • Sreenivasan PK, Meyer DH, Fives-Taylor PM. Requirements for invasion of epithelial cells by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. Infect Immun. 1993;61:1239-1245.
    • (1993) Infect Immun , vol.61 , pp. 1239-1245
    • Sreenivasan, P.K.1    Meyer, D.H.2    Fives-Taylor, P.M.3
  • 66
    • 0031741638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasion of human oral epithelial cells by Prevotella intermedia
    • Dorn BR, Leung KL, Progulske-Fox A. Invasion of human oral epithelial cells by Prevotella intermedia. Infect Immun. 1998;66: 6054-6057.
    • (1998) Infect Immun , vol.66 , pp. 6054-6057
    • Dorn, B.R.1    Leung, K.L.2    Progulske-Fox, A.3
  • 67
    • 0034773539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of internalization and viability of Porphyromonas gingivalis in KB epithelial cells by confocal microscopy
    • Houalet-Jeanne S, Pellen-Mussi P, Tricot-Doleux S, Apiou J, Bonnaure-Mallet M. Assessment of internalization and viability of Porphyromonas gingivalis in KB epithelial cells by confocal microscopy. Infect Immun. 2001;69:7146-7151.
    • (2001) Infect Immun , vol.69 , pp. 7146-7151
    • Houalet-Jeanne, S.1    Pellen-Mussi, P.2    Tricot-Doleux, S.3    Apiou, J.4    Bonnaure-Mallet, M.5
  • 68
    • 0031152006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pathogenesis of human periodontitis: An introduction
    • Page RC, Kornman KS. The pathogenesis of human periodontitis: an introduction. Periodontol 2000. 1997;14:9-11.
    • (1997) Periodontol , vol.14 , pp. 9-11
    • Page, R.C.1    Kornman, K.S.2
  • 69
    • 25844472292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analytical epidemiology of periodontitis
    • Borrell LN, Papapanou PN. Analytical epidemiology of periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2005;32(suppl 6):132-158.
    • (2005) J Clin Periodontol , vol.32 , Issue.SUPPL. 6 , pp. 132-158
    • Borrell, L.N.1    Papapanou, P.N.2
  • 70
    • 0035756979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Candidate genes as potential links between periodontal and cardiovascular diseases
    • Kornman KS, Duff GW. Candidate genes as potential links between periodontal and cardiovascular diseases. Ann Periodontol. 2001;6: 48-57.
    • (2001) Ann Periodontol , vol.6 , pp. 48-57
    • Kornman, K.S.1    Duff, G.W.2
  • 71
  • 72
    • 0029401030 scopus 로고
    • Frequency of self-reported medical conditions in periodontal patients
    • Peacock ME, Carson RE. Frequency of self-reported medical conditions in periodontal patients. J Periodontol. 1995;66:1004-1007.
    • (1995) J Periodontol , vol.66 , pp. 1004-1007
    • Peacock, M.E.1    Carson, R.E.2
  • 73
    • 33645055095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of assessing confounding and effect modification in research involving periodontal disease and systemic diseases
    • Hyman J. The importance of assessing confounding and effect modification in research involving periodontal disease and systemic diseases. J Clin Periodontol. 2006;33:102-103.
    • (2006) J Clin Periodontol , vol.33 , pp. 102-103
    • Hyman, J.1
  • 74
    • 0141886976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral health indicators poorly predict coronary heart disease deaths
    • Tuominen R, Reunanen A, Paunio M, Paunio I, Aromaa A. Oral health indicators poorly predict coronary heart disease deaths. J Dent Res. 2003;82:713-718.
    • (2003) J Dent Res , vol.82 , pp. 713-718
    • Tuominen, R.1    Reunanen, A.2    Paunio, M.3    Paunio, I.4    Aromaa, A.5
  • 75
    • 38349177269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibodies to periodontal pathogens and coronary artery calcification in type 1 diabetic and nondiabetic subjects
    • Colhoun HM, Slaney JM, Rubens MB, Fuller JH, Sheiham A, Curtis MA. Antibodies to periodontal pathogens and coronary artery calcification in type 1 diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. J Periodontal Res. 2008;43: 103-110.
    • (2008) J Periodontal Res , vol.43 , pp. 103-110
    • Colhoun, H.M.1    Slaney, J.M.2    Rubens, M.B.3    Fuller, J.H.4    Sheiham, A.5    Curtis, M.A.6
  • 76
    • 0028537923 scopus 로고
    • Association of the severity of periodontal disease with organ complications in type 1 diabetic patients
    • Karjalainen KM, Knuuttila ML, von Dickhoff KJ. Association of the severity of periodontal disease with organ complications in type 1 diabetic patients. J Periodontol. 1994;65:1067-1072.
    • (1994) J Periodontol , vol.65 , pp. 1067-1072
    • Karjalainen, K.M.1    Knuuttila, M.L.2    Von Dickhoff, K.J.3
  • 78
    • 0036080307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periodontal assessment of patients undergoing angioplasty for treatment of coronary artery disease
    • Bazile A, Bissada NF, Nair R, Siegel BP. Periodontal assessment of patients undergoing angioplasty for treatment of coronary artery disease. J Periodontol. 2002;73:631-636.
    • (2002) J Periodontol , vol.73 , pp. 631-636
    • Bazile, A.1    Bissada, N.F.2    Nair, R.3    Siegel, B.P.4
  • 81
    • 77950659340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periodontal disease and recurrent cardiovascular events in survivors of myocardial infarction (MI): The Western New York Acute MI Study
    • Dorn JM, Genco RJ, Grossi SG, Falkner KL, Hovey KM, Iacoviello L, Trevisan M. Periodontal disease and recurrent cardiovascular events in survivors of myocardial infarction (MI): the Western New York Acute MI Study. J Periodontol. 2010;81:502-511.
    • (2010) J Periodontol , vol.81 , pp. 502-511
    • Dorn, J.M.1    Genco, R.J.2    Grossi, S.G.3    Falkner, K.L.4    Hovey, K.M.5    Iacoviello, L.6    Trevisan, M.7
  • 83
    • 65649150694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periodontitis and risk for atherosclerosis: An update on intervention trials
    • Tonetti MS. Periodontitis and risk for atherosclerosis: an update on intervention trials. J Clin Periodontol. 2009;36(suppl 10):15-19.
    • (2009) J Clin Periodontol , vol.36 , Issue.SUPPL. 10 , pp. 15-19
    • Tonetti, M.S.1
  • 84
    • 73449130797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein concentration and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and mortality: An individual participant meta-analysis
    • Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration
    • Kaptoge S, Di Angelantonio E, Lowe G, Pepys MB, Thompson SG, Collins R, Danesh J; Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration. C-reactive protein concentration and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and mortality: an individual participant meta-analysis. Lancet. 2010;375: 132-140.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 132-140
    • Kaptoge, S.1    Di Angelantonio, E.2    Lowe, G.3    Pepys, M.B.4    Thompson, S.G.5    Collins, R.6    Danesh, J.7
  • 85
    • 0037469177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical application of C-reactive protein for cardiovascular disease detection and prevention
    • Ridker PM. Clinical application of C-reactive protein for cardiovascular disease detection and prevention. Circulation. 2003;107:363-369.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , pp. 363-369
    • Ridker, P.M.1
  • 87
    • 51749083479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2: A risk marker or a risk factor?
    • Lerman A, McConnell JP. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2: a risk marker or a risk factor? Am J Cardiol. 2008;101(12A):11F-22F.
    • (2008) Am J Cardiol , vol.101 , Issue.12 A
    • Lerman, A.1    McConnell, J.P.2
  • 88
    • 67650787418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in blood as markers for early atherosclerosis in subjects with chronic periodontitis
    • Söder PO, Meurman JH, Jogestrand T, Nowak J, Söder B. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in blood as markers for early atherosclerosis in subjects with chronic periodontitis. J Periodontal Res. 2009;44:452-458.
    • (2009) J Periodontal Res , vol.44 , pp. 452-458
    • Söder, P.O.1    Meurman, J.H.2    Jogestrand, T.3    Nowak, J.4    Söder, B.5
  • 89
    • 77749310803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myeloperoxidase and C-reactive protein have combined utility for long-term prediction of cardiovascular mortality after coronary angiography
    • Heslop CL, Frohlich JJ, Hill JS. Myeloperoxidase and C-reactive protein have combined utility for long-term prediction of cardiovascular mortality after coronary angiography. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55: 1102-1109.
    • (2010) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.55 , pp. 1102-1109
    • Heslop, C.L.1    Frohlich, J.J.2    Hill, J.S.3
  • 90
    • 58549119740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated fibrinogen levels and subsequent subclinical atherosclerosis: The CARDIA Study
    • Green D, Foiles N, Chan C, Schreiner PJ, Liu K. Elevated fibrinogen levels and subsequent subclinical atherosclerosis: the CARDIA Study. Atherosclerosis. 2009;202:623-631.
    • (2009) Atherosclerosis , vol.202 , pp. 623-631
    • Green, D.1    Foiles, N.2    Chan, C.3    Schreiner, P.J.4    Liu, K.5
  • 92
    • 0034304221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevation of systemic markers related to cardiovascular diseases in the peripheral blood of periodontitis patients
    • Loos BG, Craandijk J, Hoek FJ, Wertheim-van Dillen PM, van der Velden U. Elevation of systemic markers related to cardiovascular diseases in the peripheral blood of periodontitis patients. J Periodontol. 2000;71:1528-1534.
    • (2000) J Periodontol , vol.71 , pp. 1528-1534
    • Loos, B.G.1    Craandijk, J.2    Hoek, F.J.3    Wertheim-Van Dillen, P.M.4    Van Der Velden, U.5
  • 95
    • 28644435384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic markers of inflammation in periodontitis
    • Loos BG. Systemic markers of inflammation in periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2005;76(suppl):2106-2115.
    • (2005) J Periodontol , vol.76 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 2106-2115
    • Loos, B.G.1
  • 96
    • 13244267130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological foundation for periodontitis as a potential risk factor for atherosclerosis
    • Chun YH, Chun KR, Olguin D, Wang HL. Biological foundation for periodontitis as a potential risk factor for atherosclerosis. J Periodontal Res. 2005;40:87-95.
    • (2005) J Periodontal Res , vol.40 , pp. 87-95
    • Chun, Y.H.1    Chun, K.R.2    Olguin, D.3    Wang, H.L.4
  • 97
    • 14744270914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The periodontal-cardiovascular link
    • 685-692
    • Paquette DW. The periodontal-cardiovascular link. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2004;25:681-682, 685-692.
    • (2004) Compend Contin Educ Dent , vol.25 , pp. 681-682
    • Paquette, D.W.1
  • 98
    • 5044220449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periodontal infections and atherosclerosis: Mere associations?
    • Pussinen PJ, Mattila K. Periodontal infections and atherosclerosis: mere associations? Curr Opin Lipidol. 2004;15:583-588.
    • (2004) Curr Opin Lipidol , vol.15 , pp. 583-588
    • Pussinen, P.J.1    Mattila, K.2
  • 99
    • 1042290347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of periodontopathic biofilm in vascular diseases
    • Okuda K, Kato T, Ishihara K. Involvement of periodontopathic biofilm in vascular diseases. Oral Dis. 2004;10:5-12.
    • (2004) Oral Dis , vol.10 , pp. 5-12
    • Okuda, K.1    Kato, T.2    Ishihara, K.3
  • 101
    • 80054996372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased expression of C-reactive protein gene in inflamed gingival tissues could be derived from endothelial cells stimulated with interleukin-6
    • Maekawa T, Tabeta K, Kajita-Okui K, Nakajima T, Yamazaki K. Increased expression of C-reactive protein gene in inflamed gingival tissues could be derived from endothelial cells stimulated with interleukin-6. Arch Oral Biol. 2011;56:1312-1318.
    • (2011) Arch Oral Biol , vol.56 , pp. 1312-1318
    • Maekawa, T.1    Tabeta, K.2    Kajita-Okui, K.3    Nakajima, T.4    Yamazaki, K.5
  • 102
    • 77955761243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human gingiva is another site of C-reactive protein formation
    • Lu Q, Jin L. Human gingiva is another site of C-reactive protein formation. J Clin Periodontol. 2010;37:789-796.
    • (2010) J Clin Periodontol , vol.37 , pp. 789-796
    • Lu, Q.1    Jin, L.2
  • 103
    • 0037342405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mimicking the way to autoimmunity: An evolving theory of sequence and structural homology
    • Kohm AP, Fuller KG, Miller SD. Mimicking the way to autoimmunity: an evolving theory of sequence and structural homology. Trends Microbiol. 2003;11:101-105.
    • (2003) Trends Microbiol , vol.11 , pp. 101-105
    • Kohm, A.P.1    Fuller, K.G.2    Miller, S.D.3
  • 106
    • 0034035521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated humoral immune response to heat shock protein 60 (hsp60) family in periodontitis patients
    • Tabeta K, Yamazaki K, Hotokezaka H, Yoshie H, Hara K. Elevated humoral immune response to heat shock protein 60 (hsp60) family in periodontitis patients. Clin Exp Immunol. 2000;120:285-293.
    • (2000) Clin Exp Immunol , vol.120 , pp. 285-293
    • Tabeta, K.1    Yamazaki, K.2    Hotokezaka, H.3    Yoshie, H.4    Hara, K.5
  • 108
    • 0027958084 scopus 로고
    • ApoEdeficient mice develop lesions of all phases of atherosclerosis throughout the arterial tree
    • Nakashima Y, Plump AS, Raines EW, Breslow JL, Ross R. ApoEdeficient mice develop lesions of all phases of atherosclerosis throughout the arterial tree. Arterioscler Thromb. 1994;14:133-140.
    • (1994) Arterioscler Thromb , vol.14 , pp. 133-140
    • Nakashima, Y.1    Plump, A.S.2    Raines, E.W.3    Breslow, J.L.4    Ross, R.5
  • 109
    • 0037133346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Porphyromonas gingivalis infection accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis in a heterozygous apolipoprotein E-deficient murine model [published correction appears in Circulation 2002;105:1617]
    • Li L, Messas E, Batista EL Jr, Levine RA, Amar S. Porphyromonas gingivalis infection accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis in a heterozygous apolipoprotein E-deficient murine model [published correction appears in Circulation. 2002;105:1617]. Circulation. 2002;105: 861-867.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.105 , pp. 861-867
    • Li, L.1    Messas, E.2    Batista Jr., E.L.3    Levine, R.A.4    Amar, S.5
  • 117
    • 0026785151 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of bacterial endocarditis in the Netherlands I: Patient characteristics
    • van der Meer JTM, Thompson J, Valkenburg HA, Michel MF. Epidemiology of bacterial endocarditis in the Netherlands, I: patient characteristics. Arch Intern Med. 1992;152:1863-1868.
    • (1992) Arch Intern Med , vol.152 , pp. 1863-1868
    • Van Der Meer, J.T.M.1    Thompson, J.2    Valkenburg, H.A.3    Michel, M.F.4
  • 119
    • 0032706202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasion of human coronary artery cells by periodontal pathogens
    • Dorn BR, Dunn WA Jr, Progulske-Fox A. Invasion of human coronary artery cells by periodontal pathogens. Infect Immun. 1999;67: 5792-5798.
    • (1999) Infect Immun , vol.67 , pp. 5792-5798
    • Dorn, B.R.1    Dunn Jr., W.A.2    Progulske-Fox, A.3
  • 120
    • 84861331788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasion of four common periodontal pathogens into vascular endothelial cells in vitro [in Chinese]
    • Deng H, Wu YF, Ding Y, Miao D, Gao L, Guo SJ. Invasion of four common periodontal pathogens into vascular endothelial cells in vitro [in Chinese]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2010;45:203-206.
    • (2010) Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi , vol.45 , pp. 203-206
    • Deng, H.1    Wu, Y.F.2    Ding, Y.3    Miao, D.4    Gao, L.5    Guo, S.J.6
  • 122
    • 11844258880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of Chlamydia pneumoniae in atherosclerosis: More evidence for lack of evidence
    • Ieven MM, Hoymans VY. Involvement of Chlamydia pneumoniae in atherosclerosis: more evidence for lack of evidence. J Clin Microbiol. 2005;43:19-24.
    • (2005) J Clin Microbiol , vol.43 , pp. 19-24
    • Ieven, M.M.1    Hoymans, V.Y.2
  • 123
    • 0023770125 scopus 로고
    • Serological evidence of an association of a novel Chlamydia, TWAR, with chronic coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction
    • Saikku P, Leinonen M, Mattila K, Ekman MR, Nieminen MS, Mäkelä PH, Huttunen JK, Valtonen V. Serological evidence of an association of a novel Chlamydia, TWAR, with chronic coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction. Lancet. 1988;2:983-986.
    • (1988) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 983-986
    • Saikku, P.1    Leinonen, M.2    Mattila, K.3    Ekman, M.R.4    Nieminen, M.S.5    Mäkelä, P.H.6    Huttunen, J.K.7    Valtonen, V.8
  • 126
    • 0026720444 scopus 로고
    • Association of prior infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae and angiographically demonstrated coronary artery disease
    • Thom DH, Grayston JT, Siscovick DS, Wang SP, Weiss NS, Daling JR. Association of prior infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae and angiographically demonstrated coronary artery disease. JAMA. 1992;268: 68-72.
    • (1992) JAMA , vol.268 , pp. 68-72
    • Thom, D.H.1    Grayston, J.T.2    Siscovick, D.S.3    Wang, S.P.4    Weiss, N.S.5    Daling, J.R.6
  • 127
    • 78049343326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection with myocardial infarction
    • Pourahmad M, Jahromy AS, Shojaei M. Association of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection with myocardial infarction. Am J Immunol. 2009; 5:84-88.
    • (2009) Am J Immunol , vol.5 , pp. 84-88
    • Pourahmad, M.1    Jahromy, A.S.2    Shojaei, M.3
  • 128
    • 0027725246 scopus 로고
    • Cytomegalovirus and atherosclerosis
    • Melnick JL, Adam E, Debakey ME. Cytomegalovirus and atherosclerosis. Eur Heart J. 1993;14(suppl K):30-38.
    • (1993) Eur Heart J , vol.14 , Issue.SUPPL. K , pp. 30-38
    • Melnick, J.L.1    Adam, E.2    Debakey, M.E.3
  • 129
    • 0026056004 scopus 로고
    • Carotid atherosclerosis measured by B-mode ultrasound in populations: Associations with cardiovascular risk factors in the ARIC study
    • Heiss G, Sharrett AR, Barnes R, Chambless LE, Szklo M, Alzola C. Carotid atherosclerosis measured by B-mode ultrasound in populations: associations with cardiovascular risk factors in the ARIC study. Am J Epidemiol. 1991;134:250-256.
    • (1991) Am J Epidemiol , vol.134 , pp. 250-256
    • Heiss, G.1    Sharrett, A.R.2    Barnes, R.3    Chambless, L.E.4    Szklo, M.5    Alzola, C.6
  • 130
    • 0029787360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cohort study of cytomegalovirus infection as a risk factor for carotid intimal-medial thickening, a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis
    • Nieto FJ, Adam E, Sorlie P, Farzadegan H, Melnick JL, Comstock GW, Szklo M. Cohort study of cytomegalovirus infection as a risk factor for carotid intimal-medial thickening, a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis. Circulation. 1996;94:922-927.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.94 , pp. 922-927
    • Nieto, F.J.1    Adam, E.2    Sorlie, P.3    Farzadegan, H.4    Melnick, J.L.5    Comstock, G.W.6    Szklo, M.7
  • 131
    • 0034619486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chlamydia pneumoniae, herpes simplex virus type 1, and cytomegalovirus and incident myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease death in older adults : tthe Cardiovascular Health Study
    • Siscovick DS, Schwartz SM, Corey L, Grayston JT, Ashley R, Wang SP, Psaty BM, Tracy RP, Kuller LH, Kronmal RA. Chlamydia pneumoniae, herpes simplex virus type 1, and cytomegalovirus and incident myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease death in older adults : the Cardiovascular Health Study. Circulation. 2000;102:2335-2340.
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.102 , pp. 2335-2340
    • Siscovick, D.S.1    Schwartz, S.M.2    Corey, L.3    Grayston, J.T.4    Ashley, R.5    Wang, S.P.6    Psaty, B.M.7    Tracy, R.P.8    Kuller, L.H.9    Kronmal, R.A.10
  • 133
    • 0037065523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between hepatitis C virus seropositivity, carotid-artery plaque, and intima-media thickening
    • Ishizaka N, Ishizaka Y, Takahashi E, Tooda E, Hashimoto H, Nagai R, Yamakado M. Association between hepatitis C virus seropositivity, carotid-artery plaque, and intima-media thickening. Lancet. 2002;359: 133-135.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 133-135
    • Ishizaka, N.1    Ishizaka, Y.2    Takahashi, E.3    Tooda, E.4    Hashimoto, H.5    Nagai, R.6    Yamakado, M.7
  • 134
    • 0030000143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased incidence of Chlamydia species within the coronary arteries of patients with symptomatic atherosclerotic versus other forms of cardiovascular disease
    • Muhlestein JB, Hammond EH, Carlquist JF, Radicke E, Thomson MJ, Karagounis LA, Woods ML, Anderson JL. Increased incidence of Chlamydia species within the coronary arteries of patients with symptomatic atherosclerotic versus other forms of cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996;27:1555-1561.
    • (1996) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.27 , pp. 1555-1561
    • Muhlestein, J.B.1    Hammond, E.H.2    Carlquist, J.F.3    Radicke, E.4    Thomson, M.J.5    Karagounis, L.A.6    Woods, M.L.7    Anderson, J.L.8
  • 135
    • 0030868235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chlamydia pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus in atherosclerosis of the carotid artery
    • Chiu B, Viira E, Tucker W, Fong IW. Chlamydia pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus in atherosclerosis of the carotid artery. Circulation. 1997;96:2144-2148.
    • (1997) Circulation , vol.96 , pp. 2144-2148
    • Chiu, B.1    Viira, E.2    Tucker, W.3    Fong, I.W.4
  • 136
    • 0032718407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple infections in carotid atherosclerotic plaques
    • Chiu B. Multiple infections in carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Am Heart J. 1999;138(pt 2):S534-S536.
    • (1999) Am Heart J , vol.138 , Issue.PART 2
    • Chiu, B.1
  • 137
    • 0021281756 scopus 로고
    • Herpesviridae in the endothelial and smooth muscle cells of the proximal aorta in arteriosclerotic patients
    • Gyorkey F, Melnick JL, Guinn GA, Gyorkey P, Debakey ME. Herpesviridae in the endothelial and smooth muscle cells of the proximal aorta in arteriosclerotic patients. Exp Mol Pathol. 1984;40:328-339.
    • (1984) Exp Mol Pathol , vol.40 , pp. 328-339
    • Gyorkey, F.1    Melnick, J.L.2    Guinn, G.A.3    Gyorkey, P.4    Debakey, M.E.5
  • 143
    • 16344393531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herpes simplex virus as a determinant risk factor for coronary artery atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction
    • Kotronias D, Kapranos N. Herpes simplex virus as a determinant risk factor for coronary artery atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. In Vivo. 2005;19:351-357.
    • (2005) Vivo , vol.19 , pp. 351-357
    • Kotronias, D.1    Kapranos, N.2
  • 144
    • 0025125875 scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of latently present cytomegalovirus in arterial walls of patients suffering from grade III atherosclerosis
    • Hendrix MG, Salimans MM, van Boven CP, Bruggeman CA. High prevalence of latently present cytomegalovirus in arterial walls of patients suffering from grade III atherosclerosis. Am J Pathol. 1990;136: 23-28.
    • (1990) Am J Pathol , vol.136 , pp. 23-28
    • Hendrix, M.G.1    Salimans, M.M.2    Van Boven, C.P.3    Bruggeman, C.A.4
  • 145
    • 0024397353 scopus 로고
    • The presence of cytomegalovirus nucleic acids in arterial walls of atherosclerotic and nonatherosclerotic patients
    • Hendrix MG, Dormans PH, Kitslaar P, Bosman F, Bruggeman CA. The presence of cytomegalovirus nucleic acids in arterial walls of atherosclerotic and nonatherosclerotic patients. Am J Pathol. 1989;134: 1151-1157.
    • (1989) Am J Pathol , vol.134 , pp. 1151-1157
    • Hendrix, M.G.1    Dormans, P.H.2    Kitslaar, P.3    Bosman, F.4    Bruggeman, C.A.5
  • 146
    • 0025971785 scopus 로고
    • Cytomegalovirus nucleic acid distribution within the human vascular tree
    • Hendrix MG, Daemen M, Bruggeman CA. Cytomegalovirus nucleic acid distribution within the human vascular tree. Am J Pathol. 1991; 138:563-567.
    • (1991) Am J Pathol , vol.138 , pp. 563-567
    • Hendrix, M.G.1    Daemen, M.2    Bruggeman, C.A.3
  • 149
    • 0028835162 scopus 로고
    • Cytomegalovirus antigen expression, endothelial cell proliferation, and intimal thickening in rat cardiac allografts after cytomegalovirus infection
    • Lemstrom K, Koskinen P, Krogerus L, Daemen M, Bruggeman C, Hayry P. Cytomegalovirus antigen expression, endothelial cell proliferation, and intimal thickening in rat cardiac allografts after cytomegalovirus infection. Circulation. 1995;92:2594-2604.
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.92 , pp. 2594-2604
    • Lemstrom, K.1    Koskinen, P.2    Krogerus, L.3    Daemen, M.4    Bruggeman, C.5    Hayry, P.6
  • 150
    • 0028243667 scopus 로고
    • Acute cytomegalovirus infection induces a subendothelial inflammation (endothelialitis) in the allograft vascular wall: A possible linkage with enhanced allograft arteriosclerosis
    • Koskinen P, Lemstrom K, Bruggeman C, Lautenschlager I, Hayry P. Acute cytomegalovirus infection induces a subendothelial inflammation (endothelialitis) in the allograft vascular wall: a possible linkage with enhanced allograft arteriosclerosis. Am J Pathol. 1994;144:41-50.
    • (1994) Am J Pathol , vol.144 , pp. 41-50
    • Koskinen, P.1    Lemstrom, K.2    Bruggeman, C.3    Lautenschlager, I.4    Hayry, P.5
  • 152
    • 0030940034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Murine models of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and atherosclerosis
    • Moazed TC, Kuo C, Grayston JT, Campbell LA. Murine models of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and atherosclerosis. J Infect Dis. 1997; 175:883-890.
    • (1997) J Infect Dis , vol.175 , pp. 883-890
    • Moazed, T.C.1    Kuo, C.2    Grayston, J.T.3    Campbell, L.A.4
  • 154
    • 73449116692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influenza virus directly infects, inflames, and resides in the arteries of atherosclerotic and normal mice
    • Haidari M, Wyde PR, Litovsky S, Vela D, Ali M, Casscells SW, Madjid M. Influenza virus directly infects, inflames, and resides in the arteries of atherosclerotic and normal mice. Atherosclerosis. 2010;208:90-96.
    • (2010) Atherosclerosis , vol.208 , pp. 90-96
    • Haidari, M.1    Wyde, P.R.2    Litovsky, S.3    Vela, D.4    Ali, M.5    Casscells, S.W.6    Madjid, M.7
  • 156
    • 0030699298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roles of infectious agents in atherosclerosis and restenosis: An assessment of the evidence and need for future research
    • Libby P, Egan D, Skarlatos S. Roles of infectious agents in atherosclerosis and restenosis: an assessment of the evidence and need for future research. Circulation. 1997;96:4095-4103.
    • (1997) Circulation , vol.96 , pp. 4095-4103
    • Libby, P.1    Egan, D.2    Skarlatos, S.3
  • 157
    • 0032435638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasion of aortic and heart endothelial cells by Porphyromonas gingivalis
    • Deshpande RG, Khan MB, Genco CA. Invasion of aortic and heart endothelial cells by Porphyromonas gingivalis. Infect Immun. 1998;66: 5337-5343.
    • (1998) Infect Immun , vol.66 , pp. 5337-5343
    • Deshpande, R.G.1    Khan, M.B.2    Genco, C.A.3
  • 160
    • 34748914585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbiologic analysis of periodontal pockets and carotid atheromatous plaques in advanced chronic periodontitis patients
    • Aimetti M, Romano F, Nessi F. Microbiologic analysis of periodontal pockets and carotid atheromatous plaques in advanced chronic periodontitis patients. J Periodontol. 2007;78:1718-1723.
    • (2007) J Periodontol , vol.78 , pp. 1718-1723
    • Aimetti, M.1    Romano, F.2    Nessi, F.3
  • 162
    • 39749147333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of periodontal pathogens in subgingival lesions, atherosclerotic plaques and healthy blood vessels: A preliminary study
    • Elkaim R, Dahan M, Kocgozlu L, Werner S, Kanter D, Kretz JG, Tenenbaum H. Prevalence of periodontal pathogens in subgingival lesions, atherosclerotic plaques and healthy blood vessels: a preliminary study. J Periodontal Res. 2008;43:224-231.
    • (2008) J Periodontal Res , vol.43 , pp. 224-231
    • Elkaim, R.1    Dahan, M.2    Kocgozlu, L.3    Werner, S.4    Kanter, D.5    Kretz, J.G.6    Tenenbaum, H.7
  • 163
    • 17244372856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic treatment of Chlamydia pneumoniae after acute coronary syndrome
    • Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection Therapy-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 22 Investigators
    • Cannon CP, Braunwald E, McCabe CH, Grayston JT, Muhlestein B, Giugliano RP, Cairns R, Skene AM; Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection Therapy-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 22 Investigators. Antibiotic treatment of Chlamydia pneumoniae after acute coronary syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:1646-1654.
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.352 , pp. 1646-1654
    • Cannon, C.P.1    Braunwald, E.2    McCabe, C.H.3    Grayston, J.T.4    Muhlestein, B.5    Giugliano, R.P.6    Cairns, R.7    Skene, A.M.8
  • 167
    • 0037426067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of short-term treatment with azithromycin on recurrent ischaemic events in patients with acute coronary syndrome in the Azithromycin in Acute Coronary Syndrome (AZACS) trial: A randomised controlled trial
    • AZACS Investigators
    • Cercek B, Shah PK, Noc M, Zahger D, Zeymer U, Matetzky S, Maurer G, Mahrer P; AZACS Investigators. Effect of short-term treatment with azithromycin on recurrent ischaemic events in patients with acute coronary syndrome in the Azithromycin in Acute Coronary Syndrome (AZACS) trial: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2003;361: 809-813.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.361 , pp. 809-813
    • Cercek, B.1    Shah, P.K.2    Noc, M.3    Zahger, D.4    Zeymer, U.5    Matetzky, S.6    Maurer, G.7    Mahrer, P.8
  • 168
    • 0141723577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Azithromycin for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease events: The WIZARD study: A randomized controlled trial
    • Investigators in the WIZARD Study
    • O'Connor CM, Dunne MW, Pfeffer MA, Muhlestein JB, Yao L, Gupta S, Benner RJ, Fisher MR, Cook TD; Investigators in the WIZARD Study. Azithromycin for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease events: the WIZARD study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2003;290:1459-1466.
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.290 , pp. 1459-1466
    • O'Connor, C.M.1    Dunne, M.W.2    Pfeffer, M.A.3    Muhlestein, J.B.4    Yao, L.5    Gupta, S.6    Benner, R.J.7    Fisher, M.R.8    Cook, T.D.9
  • 170
    • 0037007128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of 3 months of antimicrobial treatment with clarithromycin in acute non-Q-wave coronary syndrome
    • Clarithromycin in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients in Finland (CLARIFY) Study Group
    • Sinisalo J, Mattila K, Valtonen V, Anttonen O, Juvonen J, Melin J, Vuorinen-Markkola H, Nieminen MS; Clarithromycin in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients in Finland (CLARIFY) Study Group. Effect of 3 months of antimicrobial treatment with clarithromycin in acute non-Q-wave coronary syndrome. Circulation. 2002;105: 1555-1560.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.105 , pp. 1555-1560
    • Sinisalo, J.1    Mattila, K.2    Valtonen, V.3    Anttonen, O.4    Juvonen, J.5    Melin, J.6    Vuorinen-Markkola, H.7    Nieminen, M.S.8
  • 171
    • 0032968428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment with the antibiotic roxithromycin in patients with acute non-Q-wave coronary syndromes: The final report of the ROXIS Study
    • Gurfinkel E, Bozovich G, Beck E, Testa E, Livellara B, Mautner B. Treatment with the antibiotic roxithromycin in patients with acute non-Q-wave coronary syndromes: the final report of the ROXIS Study. Eur Heart J. 1999;20:121-127.
    • (1999) Eur Heart J , vol.20 , pp. 121-127
    • Gurfinkel, E.1    Bozovich, G.2    Beck, E.3    Testa, E.4    Livellara, B.5    Mautner, B.6
  • 172
    • 0037015254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of treatment for Chlamydia pneumoniae and Helicobacter pylori on markers of inflammation and cardiac events in patients with acute coronary syndromes: South Thames Trial of Antibiotics in Myocardial Infarction and Unstable Angina (STAMINA)
    • Stone AF, Mendall MA, Kaski JC, Edger TM, Risley P, Poloniecki J, Camm AJ, Northfield TC. Effect of treatment for Chlamydia pneumoniae and Helicobacter pylori on markers of inflammation and cardiac events in patients with acute coronary syndromes: South Thames Trial of Antibiotics in Myocardial Infarction and Unstable Angina (STAMINA). Circulation. 2002;106:1219-1223.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 1219-1223
    • Stone, A.F.1    Mendall, M.A.2    Kaski, J.C.3    Edger, T.M.4    Risley, P.5    Poloniecki, J.6    Camm, A.J.7    Northfield, T.C.8
  • 173
    • 19644362702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of antibiotic therapy on outcomes of patients with coronary artery disease: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Andraws R, Berger JS, Brown DL. Effects of antibiotic therapy on outcomes of patients with coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JAMA. 2005;293:2641-2647.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.293 , pp. 2641-2647
    • Andraws, R.1    Berger, J.S.2    Brown, D.L.3
  • 176
    • 38349088331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can long-term antibiotic treatment prevent progression of peripheral arterial occlusive disease? A large, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial
    • Joensen JB, Juul S, Henneberg E, Thomsen G, Ostergaard L, Lindholt JS. Can long-term antibiotic treatment prevent progression of peripheral arterial occlusive disease? A large, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Atherosclerosis. 2008;196:937-942.
    • (2008) Atherosclerosis , vol.196 , pp. 937-942
    • Joensen, J.B.1    Juul, S.2    Henneberg, E.3    Thomsen, G.4    Ostergaard, L.5    Lindholt, J.S.6
  • 177
    • 60549086392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-chlamydial antibiotic therapy for symptom improvement in peripheral artery disease: Prospective evaluation of rifalazil effect on vascular symptoms of intermittent claudication and other endpoints in Chlamydia pneumoniae seropositive patients (PROVIDENCE-1)
    • Jaff MR, Dale RA, Creager MA, Lipicky RJ, Constant J, Campbell LA, Hiatt WR. Anti-chlamydial antibiotic therapy for symptom improvement in peripheral artery disease: prospective evaluation of rifalazil effect on vascular symptoms of intermittent claudication and other endpoints in Chlamydia pneumoniae seropositive patients (PROVIDENCE-1). Circulation. 2009;119:452-458.
    • (2009) Circulation , vol.119 , pp. 452-458
    • Jaff, M.R.1    Dale, R.A.2    Creager, M.A.3    Lipicky, R.J.4    Constant, J.5    Campbell, L.A.6    Hiatt, W.R.7
  • 178
    • 13844256204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progression of peripheral arterial occlusive disease is associated with Chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity and can be inhibited by antibiotic treatment
    • Krayenbuehl PA, Wiesli P, Maly FE, Vetter W, Schulthess G. Progression of peripheral arterial occlusive disease is associated with Chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity and can be inhibited by antibiotic treatment. Atherosclerosis. 2005;179:103-110.
    • (2005) Atherosclerosis , vol.179 , pp. 103-110
    • Krayenbuehl, P.A.1    Wiesli, P.2    Maly, F.E.3    Vetter, W.4    Schulthess, G.5
  • 180
    • 33645050399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gingivitis, dental caries and tooth loss: Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases or indicators of elevated health risks
    • Ylostalo PV, Jarvelin MR, Laitinen J, Knuuttila ML. Gingivitis, dental caries and tooth loss: risk factors for cardiovascular diseases or indicators of elevated health risks. J Clin Periodontol. 2006;33:92-101.
    • (2006) J Clin Periodontol , vol.33 , pp. 92-101
    • Ylostalo, P.V.1    Jarvelin, M.R.2    Laitinen, J.3    Knuuttila, M.L.4
  • 181
    • 3543034685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of periodontal disease and tooth loss to prevalence of coronary heart disease
    • Elter JR, Champagne CM, Offenbacher S, Beck JD. Relationship of periodontal disease and tooth loss to prevalence of coronary heart disease. J Periodontol. 2004;75:782-790.
    • (2004) J Periodontol , vol.75 , pp. 782-790
    • Elter, J.R.1    Champagne, C.M.2    Offenbacher, S.3    Beck, J.D.4
  • 182
    • 0042060998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Total tooth loss and prevalent cardiovascular disease in men and women: Possible roles of citrus fruit consumption, vitamin C, and inflammatory and thrombotic variables
    • Lowe G, Woodward M, Rumley A, Morrison C, Tunstall-Pedoe H, Stephen K. Total tooth loss and prevalent cardiovascular disease in men and women: possible roles of citrus fruit consumption, vitamin C, and inflammatory and thrombotic variables. J Clin Epidemiol. 2003;56: 694-700.
    • (2003) J Clin Epidemiol , vol.56 , pp. 694-700
    • Lowe, G.1    Woodward, M.2    Rumley, A.3    Morrison, C.4    Tunstall-Pedoe, H.5    Stephen, K.6
  • 186
    • 43549094935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severity of periodontal disease correlates to inflammatory systemic status and independently predicts the presence and angiographic extent of stable coronary artery disease
    • Amabile N, Susini G, Pettenati-Soubayroux I, Bonello L, Gil JM, Arques S, Bonfil JJ, Paganelli F. Severity of periodontal disease correlates to inflammatory systemic status and independently predicts the presence and angiographic extent of stable coronary artery disease. J Intern Med. 2008;263:644-652.
    • (2008) J Intern Med , vol.263 , pp. 644-652
    • Amabile, N.1    Susini, G.2    Pettenati-Soubayroux, I.3    Bonello, L.4    Gil, J.M.5    Arques, S.6    Bonfil, J.J.7    Paganelli, F.8
  • 191
    • 7044223260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Further evidence of the association between periodontal conditions and coronary artery disease
    • Geerts SO, Legrand V, Charpentier J, Albert A, Rompen EH. Further evidence of the association between periodontal conditions and coronary artery disease. J Periodontol. 2004;75:1274-1280.
    • (2004) J Periodontol , vol.75 , pp. 1274-1280
    • Geerts, S.O.1    Legrand, V.2    Charpentier, J.3    Albert, A.4    Rompen, E.H.5
  • 192
    • 77954133878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toothbrushing, inflammation, and risk of cardiovascular disease: Results from Scottish Health Survey
    • de Oliveira C, Watt R, Hamer M. Toothbrushing, inflammation, and risk of cardiovascular disease: results from Scottish Health Survey. BMJ. 2010;340:c2451.
    • (2010) BMJ , vol.340
    • De Oliveira, C.1    Watt, R.2    Hamer, M.3
  • 193
    • 77953254488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Number of teeth as a predictor of cardiovascular mortality in a cohort of 7,674 subjects followed for 12 years
    • Holmlund A, Holm G, Lind L. Number of teeth as a predictor of cardiovascular mortality in a cohort of 7,674 subjects followed for 12 years. J Periodontol. 2010;81:870-876.
    • (2010) J Periodontol , vol.81 , pp. 870-876
    • Holmlund, A.1    Holm, G.2    Lind, L.3
  • 195
    • 41649092003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agedependent associations between chronic periodontitis/edentulism and risk of coronary heart disease
    • Dietrich T, Jimenez M, Krall Kaye EA, Vokonas PS, Garcia RI. Agedependent associations between chronic periodontitis/edentulism and risk of coronary heart disease. Circulation. 2008;117:1668-1674.
    • (2008) Circulation , vol.117 , pp. 1668-1674
    • Dietrich, T.1    Jimenez, M.2    Krall Kaye, E.A.3    Vokonas, P.S.4    Garcia, R.I.5
  • 196
    • 47949100114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remaining teeth, cardiovascular morbidity and death among adult Danes
    • Heitmann BL, Gamborg M. Remaining teeth, cardiovascular morbidity and death among adult Danes. Prev Med. 2008;47:156-160.
    • (2008) Prev Med , vol.47 , pp. 156-160
    • Heitmann, B.L.1    Gamborg, M.2
  • 197
    • 34249277445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endotoxemia, immune response to periodontal pathogens, and systemic inflammation associate with incident cardiovascular disease events
    • Pussinen PJ, Tuomisto K, Jousilahti P, Havulinna AS, Sundvall J, Salomaa V. Endotoxemia, immune response to periodontal pathogens, and systemic inflammation associate with incident cardiovascular disease events. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2007;27:1433-1439.
    • (2007) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.27 , pp. 1433-1439
    • Pussinen, P.J.1    Tuomisto, K.2    Jousilahti, P.3    Havulinna, A.S.4    Sundvall, J.5    Salomaa, V.6
  • 198
    • 34548159731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations between tooth loss and mortality patterns in the Glasgow Alumni Cohort
    • Tu YK, Galobardes B, Smith GD, McCarron P, Jeffreys M, Gilthorpe MS. Associations between tooth loss and mortality patterns in the Glasgow Alumni Cohort. Heart. 2007;93:1098-1103.
    • (2007) Heart , vol.93 , pp. 1098-1103
    • Tu, Y.K.1    Galobardes, B.2    Smith, G.D.3    McCarron, P.4    Jeffreys, M.5    Gilthorpe, M.S.6
  • 200
    • 17444393553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dental caries, periodontal disease, and cardiac arrhythmias in community-dwelling older persons aged 80 and older: Is there a link?
    • Holm-Pedersen P, Avlund K, Morse DE, Stoltze K, Katz RV, Viitanen M, Winblad B. Dental caries, periodontal disease, and cardiac arrhythmias in community-dwelling older persons aged 80 and older: is there a link? J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005;53:430-437.
    • (2005) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.53 , pp. 430-437
    • Holm-Pedersen, P.1    Avlund, K.2    Morse, D.E.3    Stoltze, K.4    Katz, R.V.5    Viitanen, M.6    Winblad, B.7
  • 202
    • 0141669212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral health status C-reactive protein and mortality: A 10 year follow-up study
    • Ajwani S, Mattila KJ, Narhi TO, Tilvis RS, Ainamo A. Oral health status, C-reactive protein and mortality: a 10 year follow-up study. Gerodontology. 2003;20:32-40.
    • (2003) Gerodontology , vol.20 , pp. 32-40
    • Ajwani, S.1    Mattila, K.J.2    Narhi, T.O.3    Tilvis, R.S.4    Ainamo, A.5
  • 204
    • 0036008960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pre-existing cardiovascular disease and periodontitis: A follow-up study
    • Hujoel PP, Drangsholt M, Spiekerman C, DeRouen TA. Pre-existing cardiovascular disease and periodontitis: a follow-up study. J Dent Res. 2002;81:186-191.
    • (2002) J Dent Res , vol.81 , pp. 186-191
    • Hujoel, P.P.1    Drangsholt, M.2    Spiekerman, C.3    Derouen, T.A.4
  • 206
    • 0035432195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between oral health and mortality in cardiovascular diseases
    • Jansson L, Lavstedt S, Frithiof L, Theobald H. Relationship between oral health and mortality in cardiovascular diseases. J Clin Periodontol. 2001;28:762-768.
    • (2001) J Clin Periodontol , vol.28 , pp. 762-768
    • Jansson, L.1    Lavstedt, S.2    Frithiof, L.3    Theobald, H.4
  • 207
  • 208
    • 84992863280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periodontal disease and risk of fatal coronary heart and cerebrovascular diseases
    • Morrison HI, Ellison LF, Taylor GW. Periodontal disease and risk of fatal coronary heart and cerebrovascular diseases. J Cardiovasc Risk. 1999;6:7-11.
    • (1999) J Cardiovasc Risk , vol.6 , pp. 7-11
    • Morrison, H.I.1    Ellison, L.F.2    Taylor, G.W.3
  • 212
    • 33846370890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periodontal disease as a potential risk factor for acute coronary syndromes
    • Accarini R, de Godoy MF. Periodontal disease as a potential risk factor for acute coronary syndromes. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2006;87:592-596.
    • (2006) Arq Bras Cardiol , vol.87 , pp. 592-596
    • Accarini, R.1    De Godoy, M.F.2
  • 213
    • 33748567475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severity of periodontal disease and number of remaining teeth are related to the prevalence of myocardial infarction and hypertension in a study based on 4,254 subjects
    • Holmlund A, Holm G, Lind L. Severity of periodontal disease and number of remaining teeth are related to the prevalence of myocardial infarction and hypertension in a study based on 4,254 subjects. J Periodontol. 2006;77:1173-1178.
    • (2006) J Periodontol , vol.77 , pp. 1173-1178
    • Holmlund, A.1    Holm, G.2    Lind, L.3
  • 214
    • 0033278025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between extent of periodontal attachment loss and self-reported history of heart attack: An analysis of NHANES III data
    • Arbes SJ Jr, Slade GD, Beck JD. Association between extent of periodontal attachment loss and self-reported history of heart attack: an analysis of NHANES III data. J Dent Res. 1999;78:1777-1782.
    • (1999) J Dent Res , vol.78 , pp. 1777-1782
    • Arbes Jr., S.J.1    Slade, G.D.2    Beck, J.D.3
  • 219
    • 13244255530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periodontitis as risk factor for acute myocardial infarction: A case control study of Spanish adults
    • Cueto A, Mesa F, Bravo M, Ocana-Riola R. Periodontitis as risk factor for acute myocardial infarction: a case control study of Spanish adults. J Periodontal Res. 2005;40:36-42.
    • (2005) J Periodontal Res , vol.40 , pp. 36-42
    • Cueto, A.1    Mesa, F.2    Bravo, M.3    Ocana-Riola, R.4
  • 223
    • 3042770266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of periodontal disease and edentulism to stroke/TIA
    • Elter JR, Offenbacher S, Toole JF, Beck JD. Relationship of periodontal disease and edentulism to stroke/TIA. J Dent Res. 2003;82:998-1001.
    • (2003) J Dent Res , vol.82 , pp. 998-1001
    • Elter, J.R.1    Offenbacher, S.2    Toole, J.F.3    Beck, J.D.4
  • 224
    • 77952060992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between periodontitis and hemorrhagic stroke among Koreans: A case-control study
    • Kim HD, Sim SJ, Moon JY, Hong YC, Han DH. Association between periodontitis and hemorrhagic stroke among Koreans: a case-control study. J Periodontol. 2010;81:658-665.
    • (2010) J Periodontol , vol.81 , pp. 658-665
    • Kim, H.D.1    Sim, S.J.2    Moon, J.Y.3    Hong, Y.C.4    Han, D.H.5
  • 225
    • 77950217227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periodontitis as a risk factor for cerebrovascular accident: A case-control study in the Indian population
    • Pradeep AR, Hadge P, Arjun RP, Shetty SR, Shareef K, Guruprasad CN. Periodontitis as a risk factor for cerebrovascular accident: a case-control study in the Indian population. J Periodontal Res. 2010;45:223-228.
    • (2010) J Periodontal Res , vol.45 , pp. 223-228
    • Pradeep, A.R.1    Hadge, P.2    Arjun, R.P.3    Shetty, S.R.4    Shareef, K.5    Guruprasad, C.N.6
  • 226
    • 24944500455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic antibodies to the leukotoxin of the oral pathogen Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans correlate negatively with stroke in women
    • Johansson A, Johansson I, Eriksson M, Åhrén AM, Hallmans G, Stegmayr B. Systemic antibodies to the leukotoxin of the oral pathogen Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans correlate negatively with stroke in women. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2005;20:226-232.
    • (2005) Cerebrovasc Dis , vol.20 , pp. 226-232
    • Johansson, A.1    Johansson, I.2    Eriksson, M.3    Åhrén, A.M.4    Hallmans, G.5    Stegmayr, B.6
  • 229
    • 0032112598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between dental disease and cerebral vascular accident in elderly United States veterans
    • Loesche WJ, Schork A, Terpenning MS, Chen YM, Kerr C, Dominguez BL. The relationship between dental disease and cerebral vascular accident in elderly United States veterans. Ann Periodontol. 1998;3: 161-174.
    • (1998) Ann Periodontol , vol.3 , pp. 161-174
    • Loesche, W.J.1    Schork, A.2    Terpenning, M.S.3    Chen, Y.M.4    Kerr, C.5    Dominguez, B.L.6
  • 231
    • 62649103184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tooth loss, systemic inflammation, and prevalent stroke among participants in the reasons for geographic and racial difference in stroke (REGARDS) study
    • REGARDS
    • You Z, Cushman M, Jenny NS, Howard G; REGARDS. Tooth loss, systemic inflammation, and prevalent stroke among participants in the reasons for geographic and racial difference in stroke (REGARDS) study. Atherosclerosis. 2009;203:615-619.
    • (2009) Atherosclerosis , vol.203 , pp. 615-619
    • You, Z.1    Cushman, M.2    Jenny, N.S.3    Howard, G.4
  • 232
    • 18444379987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tooth loss is associated with increased risk of total death and death from upper gastrointestinal cancer, heart disease, and stroke in a Chinese population-based cohort
    • Abnet CC, Qiao YL, Dawsey SM, Dong ZW, Taylor PR, Mark SD. Tooth loss is associated with increased risk of total death and death from upper gastrointestinal cancer, heart disease, and stroke in a Chinese population-based cohort. Int J Epidemiol. 2005;34:467-474.
    • (2005) Int J Epidemiol , vol.34 , pp. 467-474
    • Abnet, C.C.1    Qiao, Y.L.2    Dawsey, S.M.3    Dong, Z.W.4    Taylor, P.R.5    Mark, S.D.6
  • 234
    • 0034626423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periodontal disease and risk of cerebrovascular disease: The first national health and nutrition examination survey and its follow-up study
    • Wu T, Trevisan M, Genco RJ, Dorn JP, Falkner KL, Sempos CT. Periodontal disease and risk of cerebrovascular disease: the first national health and nutrition examination survey and its follow-up study. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:2749-2755.
    • (2000) Arch Intern Med , vol.160 , pp. 2749-2755
    • Wu, T.1    Trevisan, M.2    Genco, R.J.3    Dorn, J.P.4    Falkner, K.L.5    Sempos, C.T.6
  • 235
    • 34248222631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subclinical cardiovascular disease markers applicable to studies of oral health: Multiethnic study of atherosclerosis
    • Jacobs DR Jr, Crow RS. Subclinical cardiovascular disease markers applicable to studies of oral health: multiethnic study of atherosclerosis. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007;1098:269-287.
    • (2007) Ann N y Acad Sci , vol.1098 , pp. 269-287
    • Jacobs Jr., D.R.1    Crow, R.S.2
  • 236
    • 0033531215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotid-artery intima and media thickness as a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke in older adults
    • for the Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group
    • O'Leary DH, Polak JF, Kronmal RA, Manolio TA, Burke GL, Wolfson SK Jr; for the Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. Carotid-artery intima and media thickness as a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke in older adults. N Engl J Med. 1999; 340:14-22.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.340 , pp. 14-22
    • O'Leary, D.H.1    Polak, J.F.2    Kronmal, R.A.3    Manolio, T.A.4    Burke, G.L.5    Wolfson Jr., S.K.6
  • 237
    • 0035571671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of periodontal disease to carotid artery intima-media wall thickness: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study
    • Beck JD, Elter JR, Heiss G, Couper D, Mauriello SM, Offenbacher S. Relationship of periodontal disease to carotid artery intima-media wall thickness: the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2001;21:1816-1822.
    • (2001) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.21 , pp. 1816-1822
    • Beck, J.D.1    Elter, J.R.2    Heiss, G.3    Couper, D.4    Mauriello, S.M.5    Offenbacher, S.6
  • 239
    • 39149088354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk for the development of atherosclerosis in women with a high amount [corrected] of dental plaque and severe gingival inflammation [published correction appears in Int J Dent Hyg 2009;7:79]
    • Söder B, Yakob M, Nowak J, Jogestrand T. Risk for the development of atherosclerosis in women with a high amount [corrected] of dental plaque and severe gingival inflammation [published correction appears in Int J Dent Hyg. 2009;7:79]. Int J Dent Hyg. 2007;5:133-138.
    • (2007) Int J Dent Hyg , vol.5 , pp. 133-138
    • Söder, B.1    Yakob, M.2    Nowak, J.3    Jogestrand, T.4
  • 240
    • 20444430028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early carotid atherosclerosis in subjects with periodontal diseases
    • Söder PO, Söder B, Nowak J, Jogestrand T. Early carotid atherosclerosis in subjects with periodontal diseases. Stroke. 2005;36:1195-1200.
    • (2005) Stroke , vol.36 , pp. 1195-1200
    • Söder, P.O.1    Söder, B.2    Nowak, J.3    Jogestrand, T.4
  • 241
    • 33749054458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic periodontitis in hemodialysis patients with chronic kidney disease is associated with elevated serum C-reactive protein concentration and greater intima-media thickness of the carotid artery
    • Franek E, Blaschyk R, Kolonko A, Mazur-Psonka L, Langowska-Adamczyk H, Kokot F, Wiecek A. Chronic periodontitis in hemodialysis patients with chronic kidney disease is associated with elevated serum C-reactive protein concentration and greater intima-media thickness of the carotid artery. J Nephrol. 2006;19:346-351.
    • (2006) J Nephrol , vol.19 , pp. 346-351
    • Franek, E.1    Blaschyk, R.2    Kolonko, A.3    Mazur-Psonka, L.4    Langowska-Adamczyk, H.5    Kokot, F.6    Wiecek, A.7
  • 243
    • 33846430532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACCF/AHA 2007 clinical expert consensus document on coronary artery calcium scoring by computed tomography in global cardiovascular risk assessment and in evaluation of patients with chest pain: A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Clinical Expert Consensus Task Force (ACCF/AHA Writing Committee to Update the 2000 Expert Consensus Document on Electron Beam Computed Tomography)
    • Greenland P, Bonow RO, Brundage BH, Budoff MJ, Eisenberg MJ, Grundy SM, Lauer MS, Post WS, Raggi P, Redberg RF, Rodgers GP, Shaw LJ, Taylor AJ, Weintraub WS. ACCF/AHA 2007 clinical expert consensus document on coronary artery calcium scoring by computed tomography in global cardiovascular risk assessment and in evaluation of patients with chest pain: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Clinical Expert Consensus Task Force (ACCF/AHA Writing Committee to Update the 2000 Expert Consensus Document on Electron Beam Computed Tomography). Circulation. 2007;115: 402-426.
    • (2007) Circulation , vol.115 , pp. 402-426
    • Greenland, P.1    Bonow, R.O.2    Brundage, B.H.3    Budoff, M.J.4    Eisenberg, M.J.5    Grundy, S.M.6    Lauer, M.S.7    Post, W.S.8    Raggi, P.9    Redberg, R.F.10    Rodgers, G.P.11    Shaw, L.J.12    Taylor, A.J.13    Weintraub, W.S.14
  • 245
    • 0034053909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The endothelium: A new target for therapy
    • Cooke JP. The endothelium: a new target for therapy. Vasc Med. 2000; 5:49-53.
    • (2000) Vasc Med , vol.5 , pp. 49-53
    • Cooke, J.P.1
  • 249
    • 0037007153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk stratification for postoperative cardiovascular events via noninvasive assessment of endothelial function: A prospective study
    • Gokce N, Keaney JF Jr, Hunter LM, Watkins MT, Menzoian JO, Vita JA. Risk stratification for postoperative cardiovascular events via noninvasive assessment of endothelial function: a prospective study. Circulation. 2002;105:1567-1572.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.105 , pp. 1567-1572
    • Gokce, N.1    Keaney Jr., J.F.2    Hunter, L.M.3    Watkins, M.T.4    Menzoian, J.O.5    Vita, J.A.6
  • 250
    • 34447334222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L-Arginine supplementation in peripheral arterial disease: No benefit and possible harm
    • Wilson AM, Harada R, Nair N, Balasubramanian N, Cooke JP. L-Arginine supplementation in peripheral arterial disease: no benefit and possible harm. Circulation. 2007;116:188-195.
    • (2007) Circulation , vol.116 , pp. 188-195
    • Wilson, A.M.1    Harada, R.2    Nair, N.3    Balasubramanian, N.4    Cooke, J.P.5
  • 251
    • 20044383911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of long-term vitamin e supplementation on cardiovascular events and cancer: A randomized controlled trial
    • HOPE*HOPE-TOO Trial Investigators
    • Lonn E, Bosch J, Yusuf S, Sheridan P, Pogue J, Arnold JM, Sleight P, Probstfield J, Dagenais GR; HOPE and HOPE-TOO Trial Investigators. Effects of long-term vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular events and cancer: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2005;293: 1338-1347.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.293 , pp. 1338-1347
    • Lonn, E.1    Bosch, J.2    Yusuf, S.3    Sheridan, P.4    Pogue, J.5    Arnold, J.M.6    Sleight, P.7    Probstfield, J.8    Dagenais, G.R.9
  • 252
    • 4744338284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arginine and endothelial and vascular health
    • Gornik HL, Creager MA. Arginine and endothelial and vascular health. J Nutr. 2004;134(suppl):2880S-2887S.
    • (2004) J Nutr , vol.134 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Gornik, H.L.1    Creager, M.A.2
  • 253
    • 65849393843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of endothelial function using digital pulse amplitude tonometry
    • Hamburg NM, Benjamin EJ. Assessment of endothelial function using digital pulse amplitude tonometry. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2009; 19:6-11.
    • (2009) Trends Cardiovasc Med , vol.19 , pp. 6-11
    • Hamburg, N.M.1    Benjamin, E.J.2
  • 254
  • 257
    • 13844312632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic periodontitis and its improvement after initial periodontal therapy
    • Mercanoglu F, Oflaz H, Oz O, Gokbuget AY, Genchellac H, Sezer M, Nisanci Y, Umman S. Endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic periodontitis and its improvement after initial periodontal therapy. J Periodontol. 2004;75:1694-1700.
    • (2004) J Periodontol , vol.75 , pp. 1694-1700
    • Mercanoglu, F.1    Oflaz, H.2    Oz, O.3    Gokbuget, A.Y.4    Genchellac, H.5    Sezer, M.6    Nisanci, Y.7    Umman, S.8
  • 258
    • 0037271708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Humoral immune responses in gingival crevice fluid: Local and systemic implications
    • Ebersole JL. Humoral immune responses in gingival crevice fluid: local and systemic implications. Periodontol 2000. 2003;31:135-166.
    • (2000) Periodontol , vol.31 , pp. 135-166
    • Ebersole, J.L.1
  • 259
    • 34248148566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of gingival crevicular fluid as applied to the diagnosis of oral and systemic diseases
    • Lamster IB, Ahlo JK. Analysis of gingival crevicular fluid as applied to the diagnosis of oral and systemic diseases. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007; 1098:216-229.
    • (2007) Ann N y Acad Sci , vol.1098 , pp. 216-229
    • Lamster, I.B.1    Ahlo, J.K.2
  • 260
    • 0036835031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between stress, interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6 and cortisol in periodontally diseased patients
    • Mengel R, Bacher M, Flores-de-Jacoby L. Interactions between stress, interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6 and cortisol in periodontally diseased patients. J Clin Periodontol. 2002;29:1012-1022.
    • (2002) J Clin Periodontol , vol.29 , pp. 1012-1022
    • Mengel, R.1    Bacher, M.2    Flores-De-Jacoby, L.3
  • 261
    • 0027691759 scopus 로고
    • Neutrophil chemotaxis and serum concentration of tumornecrosis-factor- alpha (TNFA)
    • Meyle J. Neutrophil chemotaxis and serum concentration of tumornecrosis-factor-alpha (TNFA). J Periodontal Res. 1993;28(pt 2):491-493.
    • (1993) J Periodontal Res , vol.28 , Issue.PART 2 , pp. 491-493
    • Meyle, J.1
  • 262
    • 70349972800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging risk factors for coronary heart disease: A summary of systematic reviews conducted for the U.S
    • Preventive Services Task Force
    • Helfand M, Buckley DI, Freeman M, Fu R, Rogers K, Fleming C, Humphrey LL. Emerging risk factors for coronary heart disease: a summary of systematic reviews conducted for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151:496-507.
    • (2009) Ann Intern Med , vol.151 , pp. 496-507
    • Helfand, M.1    Buckley, D.I.2    Freeman, M.3    Fu, R.4    Rogers, K.5    Fleming, C.6    Humphrey, L.L.7
  • 265
    • 3543038278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between electrocardiographic abnormalities and periodontal disease: The Hisayama Study
    • Shimazaki Y, Saito T, Kiyohara Y, Kato I, Kubo M, Iida M, Koga T. Relationship between electrocardiographic abnormalities and periodontal disease: the Hisayama Study. J Periodontol. 2004;75:791-797.
    • (2004) J Periodontol , vol.75 , pp. 791-797
    • Shimazaki, Y.1    Saito, T.2    Kiyohara, Y.3    Kato, I.4    Kubo, M.5    Iida, M.6    Koga, T.7
  • 269
    • 78751555330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive dental treatment and risk for vascular events: A self-controlled case series
    • Minassian C, D'Aiuto F, Hingorani AD, Smeeth L. Invasive dental treatment and risk for vascular events: a self-controlled case series. Ann Intern Med. 2010;153:499-506.
    • (2010) Ann Intern Med , vol.153 , pp. 499-506
    • Minassian, C.1    D'Aiuto, F.2    Hingorani, A.D.3    Smeeth, L.4
  • 270
    • 1842688137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The short-term effects of treatment of chronic periodontitis on circulating levels of endotoxin, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6
    • Ide M, Jagdev D, Coward PY, Crook M, Barclay GR, Wilson RF. The short-term effects of treatment of chronic periodontitis on circulating levels of endotoxin, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6. J Periodontol. 2004;75:420-428.
    • (2004) J Periodontol , vol.75 , pp. 420-428
    • Ide, M.1    Jagdev, D.2    Coward, P.Y.3    Crook, M.4    Barclay, G.R.5    Wilson, R.F.6
  • 271
    • 4644308729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periodontal therapy: A novel non-drug-induced experimental model to study human inflammation
    • D'Aiuto F, Nibali L, Mohamed-Ali V, Vallance P, Tonetti MS. Periodontal therapy: a novel non-drug-induced experimental model to study human inflammation. J Periodontal Res. 2004;39:294-299.
    • (2004) J Periodontal Res , vol.39 , pp. 294-299
    • D'Aiuto, F.1    Nibali, L.2    Mohamed-Ali, V.3    Vallance, P.4    Tonetti, M.S.5
  • 272
    • 27744451008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periodontal therapy: A novel acute inflammatory model
    • D'Aiuto F, Parkar M, Tonetti MS. Periodontal therapy: a novel acute inflammatory model. Inflamm Res. 2005;54:412-414.
    • (2005) Inflamm Res , vol.54 , pp. 412-414
    • D'Aiuto, F.1    Parkar, M.2    Tonetti, M.S.3
  • 273
    • 0038488756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of treatment of chronic periodontitis on levels of serum markers of acute-phase inflammatory and vascular responses
    • Ide M, McPartlin D, Coward PY, Crook M, Lumb P, Wilson RF. Effect of treatment of chronic periodontitis on levels of serum markers of acute-phase inflammatory and vascular responses. J Clin Periodontol. 2003;30:334-340.
    • (2003) J Clin Periodontol , vol.30 , pp. 334-340
    • Ide, M.1    McPartlin, D.2    Coward, P.Y.3    Crook, M.4    Lumb, P.5    Wilson, R.F.6
  • 274
    • 13244283160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of periodontal treatment on the C-reactive protein and proinflammatory cytokine levels in Japanese periodontitis patients
    • Yamazaki K, Honda T, Oda T, Ueki-Maruyama K, Nakajima T, Yoshie H, Seymour GJ. Effect of periodontal treatment on the C-reactive protein and proinflammatory cytokine levels in Japanese periodontitis patients. J Periodontal Res. 2005;40:53-58.
    • (2005) J Periodontal Res , vol.40 , pp. 53-58
    • Yamazaki, K.1    Honda, T.2    Oda, T.3    Ueki-Maruyama, K.4    Nakajima, T.5    Yoshie, H.6    Seymour, G.J.7
  • 275
    • 3242773959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periodontitis and systemic inflammation: Control of the local infection is associated with a reduction in serum inflammatory markers
    • D'Aiuto F, Parkar M, Andreou G, Suvan J, Brett PM, Ready D, Tonetti MS. Periodontitis and systemic inflammation: control of the local infection is associated with a reduction in serum inflammatory markers. J Dent Res. 2004;83:156-160.
    • (2004) J Dent Res , vol.83 , pp. 156-160
    • D'Aiuto, F.1    Parkar, M.2    Andreou, G.3    Suvan, J.4    Brett, P.M.5    Ready, D.6    Tonetti, M.S.7
  • 276
    • 16844376535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term effects of intensive periodontal therapy on serum inflammatory markers and cholesterol
    • D'Aiuto F, Nibali L, Parkar M, Suvan J, Tonetti MS. Short-term effects of intensive periodontal therapy on serum inflammatory markers and cholesterol. J Dent Res. 2005;84:269-273.
    • (2005) J Dent Res , vol.84 , pp. 269-273
    • D'Aiuto, F.1    Nibali, L.2    Parkar, M.3    Suvan, J.4    Tonetti, M.S.5
  • 277
    • 40849088226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review and metaanalyses on C-reactive protein in relation to periodontitis
    • Paraskevas S, Huizinga JD, Loos BG. A systematic review and metaanalyses on C-reactive protein in relation to periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35:277-290.
    • (2008) J Clin Periodontol , vol.35 , pp. 277-290
    • Paraskevas, S.1    Huizinga, J.D.2    Loos, B.G.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.