메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 26, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 674-683

Importance of the Effective Strong Ion Difference of an Intravenous Solution in the Treatment of Diarrheic Calves with Naturally Acquired Acidemia and Strong Ion (Metabolic) Acidosis

Author keywords

Calf diarrhea; Sodium bicarbonate; Sodium gluconate; Strong ion difference

Indexed keywords

BICARBONATE; CALCIUM; CARBON DIOXIDE; CHLORIDE; GLUCONIC ACID; POTASSIUM; SODIUM;

EID: 84860574568     PISSN: 08916640     EISSN: 19391676     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00917.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (33)

References (59)
  • 1
    • 0000633287 scopus 로고
    • The theory of neutrality regulation in the animal organism
    • Henderson LJ. The theory of neutrality regulation in the animal organism. Am J Physiol 1908;21:427-428.
    • (1908) Am J Physiol , vol.21 , pp. 427-428
    • Henderson, L.J.1
  • 2
    • 0001158366 scopus 로고
    • Die Berechnung der Wasserstoffzahl des Blutes aus der freien und gebundenen Kohlensäure desselben, und die Sauerstoffbindung des Blutes als Funktion der Wasserstoffzahl
    • Hasselbalch KA. Die Berechnung der Wasserstoffzahl des Blutes aus der freien und gebundenen Kohlensäure desselben, und die Sauerstoffbindung des Blutes als Funktion der Wasserstoffzahl. Biochem Z 1916;78:112-144.
    • (1916) Biochem Z , vol.78 , pp. 112-144
    • Hasselbalch, K.A.1
  • 3
    • 0033228651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical assessment of acid-base status. Strong ion difference theory
    • Constable PD. Clinical assessment of acid-base status. Strong ion difference theory. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 1999;15:447-471.
    • (1999) Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract , vol.15 , pp. 447-471
    • Constable, P.D.1
  • 4
    • 0348191238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical assessment of acid-base status: Comparison of the Henderson-Hasselbalch and strong-ion approaches
    • Constable PD. Clinical assessment of acid-base status: Comparison of the Henderson-Hasselbalch and strong-ion approaches. Vet Clin Pathol 2000;29:115-128.
    • (2000) Vet Clin Pathol , vol.29 , pp. 115-128
    • Constable, P.D.1
  • 5
    • 0031086523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants and utility of the anion gap in predicting hyperlactatemia in cattle
    • Constable PD, Streeter RK, Koenig GR, et al. Determinants and utility of the anion gap in predicting hyperlactatemia in cattle. J Vet Intern Med 1997;11:71-79.
    • (1997) J Vet Intern Med , vol.11 , pp. 71-79
    • Constable, P.D.1    Streeter, R.K.2    Koenig, G.R.3
  • 6
    • 0032109451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of anion gap and strong ion gap as predictors of unmeasured strong ion concentration in plasma and serum from horses
    • Constable PD, Hinchcliff KW, Muir WW. Comparison of anion gap and strong ion gap as predictors of unmeasured strong ion concentration in plasma and serum from horses. Am J Vet Res 1998;59:881-887.
    • (1998) Am J Vet Res , vol.59 , pp. 881-887
    • Constable, P.D.1    Hinchcliff, K.W.2    Muir, W.W.3
  • 7
    • 16244413274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of a quantitative strong ion approach to determine the mechanism for acid-base abnormalities in sick calves with or without diarrhea
    • Constable PD, Stämpfli HR, Navetat H, et al. Use of a quantitative strong ion approach to determine the mechanism for acid-base abnormalities in sick calves with or without diarrhea. J Vet Intern Med 2005;19:581-589.
    • (2005) J Vet Intern Med , vol.19 , pp. 581-589
    • Constable, P.D.1    Stämpfli, H.R.2    Navetat, H.3
  • 8
    • 0018144803 scopus 로고
    • Independent and dependent variables of acid-base control
    • Stewart PA. Independent and dependent variables of acid-base control. Resp Physiol 1978;33:9-26.
    • (1978) Resp Physiol , vol.33 , pp. 9-26
    • Stewart, P.A.1
  • 9
    • 84860592473 scopus 로고
    • How to approach acid base. Available at:, accessed March 14, 2012.
    • Stewart PA. How to approach acid base. 1981. Available at:, accessed March 14, 2012.
    • (1981)
    • Stewart, P.A.1
  • 10
    • 0021068090 scopus 로고
    • Modern quantitative acid-base chemistry
    • Stewart PA. Modern quantitative acid-base chemistry. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1983;61:1444-1461.
    • (1983) Can J Physiol Pharmacol , vol.61 , pp. 1444-1461
    • Stewart, P.A.1
  • 11
    • 0030875005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simplified strong ion model for acid base equilibria: Application to horse plasma
    • Constable PD. A simplified strong ion model for acid base equilibria: Application to horse plasma. J Appl Physiol 1997;83:297-311.
    • (1997) J Appl Physiol , vol.83 , pp. 297-311
    • Constable, P.D.1
  • 12
    • 0036219970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calculation of variables describing plasma nonvolatile weak acids for use in the strong ion approach to acid-base balance in cattle
    • Constable PD. Calculation of variables describing plasma nonvolatile weak acids for use in the strong ion approach to acid-base balance in cattle. Am J Vet Res 2002;63:482-490.
    • (2002) Am J Vet Res , vol.63 , pp. 482-490
    • Constable, P.D.1
  • 13
    • 27144549323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical review: Reunification of acid-base physiology
    • Kellum JA. Clinical review: Reunification of acid-base physiology. Crit Care 2005;9:500-507.
    • (2005) Crit Care , vol.9 , pp. 500-507
    • Kellum, J.A.1
  • 14
    • 84995195182 scopus 로고
    • Base excess or buffer base (strong ion difference) as measure of a non-respiratory acid-base disturbance
    • Siggaard-Andersen O, Fogh-Andersen N. Base excess or buffer base (strong ion difference) as measure of a non-respiratory acid-base disturbance. Acta Anaesth Scand Suppl 1995;107:123-128.
    • (1995) Acta Anaesth Scand Suppl , vol.107 , pp. 123-128
    • Siggaard-Andersen, O.1    Fogh-Andersen, N.2
  • 15
    • 45149118912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acid-base analysis: A critique of the Stewart and bicarbonate-centered approaches
    • Kurtz I, Kraut J, Ornelian V, Nguyen MK. Acid-base analysis: A critique of the Stewart and bicarbonate-centered approaches. Am J Physiol-Renal Physiol 2008;294:F1009-F1031.
    • (2008) Am J Physiol-Renal Physiol , vol.294
    • Kurtz, I.1    Kraut, J.2    Ornelian, V.3    Nguyen, M.K.4
  • 17
    • 33947517154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Qualification of the Stewart variables for the assessment of the acid-base status in healthy dogs and dogs with different diseases
    • Siegling-Vlitakis C, Kohn B, Kellermeier C, et al. Qualification of the Stewart variables for the assessment of the acid-base status in healthy dogs and dogs with different diseases. Berl Münch Tierärztl Wschr 2007;120:148-155.
    • (2007) Berl Münch Tierärztl Wschr , vol.120 , pp. 148-155
    • Siegling-Vlitakis, C.1    Kohn, B.2    Kellermeier, C.3
  • 18
    • 65249123426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of different oral rehydration solutions on abomasal conditions and the acid-base status of suckling calves
    • Bachmann L, Homeier T, Arlt S, et al. Influence of different oral rehydration solutions on abomasal conditions and the acid-base status of suckling calves. J Dairy Sci 2009;92:1649-1659.
    • (2009) J Dairy Sci , vol.92 , pp. 1649-1659
    • Bachmann, L.1    Homeier, T.2    Arlt, S.3
  • 19
    • 58449112421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-dependent response of the acid-base parameters (Henderson-Hasselbalch, Stewart) in healthy calves with experimentally induced metabolic acidosis
    • Elkhair N, Siegling-Vlitakis C, Radtke E, et al. Age-dependent response of the acid-base parameters (Henderson-Hasselbalch, Stewart) in healthy calves with experimentally induced metabolic acidosis. Berl Münch Tierärztl Wschr 2009;122:63-69.
    • (2009) Berl Münch Tierärztl Wschr , vol.122 , pp. 63-69
    • Elkhair, N.1    Siegling-Vlitakis, C.2    Radtke, E.3
  • 20
    • 77549087824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of acid-base abnormalities in pigs experimentally infected with Chlamydia suis
    • Reinhold P, Hartmann H, Constable PD. Characterization of acid-base abnormalities in pigs experimentally infected with Chlamydia suis. Vet J 2010;184:212-218.
    • (2010) Vet J , vol.184 , pp. 212-218
    • Reinhold, P.1    Hartmann, H.2    Constable, P.D.3
  • 21
    • 78249281350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acid-base imbalances during a 120 km endurance race compared by traditional and simplified strong ion difference methods
    • evj_213 76.82
    • Viu J, Jose-Cunilleras E, Armengou L, et al. Acid-base imbalances during a 120 km endurance race compared by traditional and simplified strong ion difference methods. Equine Vet J Suppl 2010;42Suppl 38:76-82. evj_213 76.82.
    • (2010) Equine Vet J Suppl , vol.42 , Issue.SUPPL. 38 , pp. 76-82
    • Viu, J.1    Jose-Cunilleras, E.2    Armengou, L.3
  • 23
    • 0025391903 scopus 로고
    • Oral fluid therapy in neonatal ruminants and swine
    • Naylor JM. Oral fluid therapy in neonatal ruminants and swine. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 1990;6:51-67.
    • (1990) Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract , vol.6 , pp. 51-67
    • Naylor, J.M.1
  • 25
    • 33645168231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Les gastroentérites paralysantes: Maladie ou syndrome?
    • Navetat H, Biron P, Contrepois M, et al. Les gastroentérites paralysantes: Maladie ou syndrome? Bull Acad Vet de France 1997;70:327-336.
    • (1997) Bull Acad Vet de France , vol.70 , pp. 327-336
    • Navetat, H.1    Biron, P.2    Contrepois, M.3
  • 26
    • 0001590476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic acidosis without dehydration and no or minimal diarrhoea in suckler calves is caused by hyper D-lactatemia
    • Sydney, Australia
    • Schelcher F, Marcillaud S, Braun JP, et al. Metabolic acidosis without dehydration and no or minimal diarrhoea in suckler calves is caused by hyper D-lactatemia. Proceedings of the World Buiatric Congress, Sydney, Australia, 1998;371-374.
    • (1998) Proceedings of the World Buiatric Congress , pp. 371-374
    • Schelcher, F.1    Marcillaud, S.2    Braun, J.P.3
  • 27
    • 0034900742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Both L- and D-lactate contribute to metabolic acidosis in diarrheic calves
    • Omole OO, Nappert G, Naylor JM, Zello GA. Both L- and D-lactate contribute to metabolic acidosis in diarrheic calves. J Nutr 2001;131:2128-2131.
    • (2001) J Nutr , vol.131 , pp. 2128-2131
    • Omole, O.O.1    Nappert, G.2    Naylor, J.M.3    Zello, G.A.4
  • 28
    • 0346994797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anion gap correlates with serum D- and DL-lactate concentrations in diarrheic calves
    • Ewaschuk JB, Naylor JM, Zello GA. Anion gap correlates with serum D- and DL-lactate concentrations in diarrheic calves. J Vet Intern Med 2003;17:940-942.
    • (2003) J Vet Intern Med , vol.17 , pp. 940-942
    • Ewaschuk, J.B.1    Naylor, J.M.2    Zello, G.A.3
  • 29
    • 6444237058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D-lactate production and excretion in diarrheic calves
    • Ewaschuk JB, Naylor JM, Palmer R, et al. D-lactate production and excretion in diarrheic calves. J Vet Intern Med 2004;18:744-747.
    • (2004) J Vet Intern Med , vol.18 , pp. 744-747
    • Ewaschuk, J.B.1    Naylor, J.M.2    Palmer, R.3
  • 31
    • 3543146625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D-lactic acidosis in calves as a consequence of experimentally induced ruminal acidosis
    • Gentile A, Sconza S, Lorenz I, et al. D-lactic acidosis in calves as a consequence of experimentally induced ruminal acidosis. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med 2004;51:64-70.
    • (2004) J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med , vol.51 , pp. 64-70
    • Gentile, A.1    Sconza, S.2    Lorenz, I.3
  • 32
    • 17144422922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigations of D-lactate metabolism and the clinical signs of D-lactataemia in calves
    • Lorenz I, Gentile A, Klee W. Investigations of D-lactate metabolism and the clinical signs of D-lactataemia in calves. Vet Rec 2005;156:412-415.
    • (2005) Vet Rec , vol.156 , pp. 412-415
    • Lorenz, I.1    Gentile, A.2    Klee, W.3
  • 33
    • 40549126305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimentally induced systemic hyperchloremic acidosis in calves
    • Gentile A, Lorenz I, Sconza S, Klee W. Experimentally induced systemic hyperchloremic acidosis in calves. J Vet Intern Med 2008;22:190-195.
    • (2008) J Vet Intern Med , vol.22 , pp. 190-195
    • Gentile, A.1    Lorenz, I.2    Sconza, S.3    Klee, W.4
  • 34
    • 58249097193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D-lactic acidosis in calves
    • Lorenz I. D-lactic acidosis in calves. Vet J 2009;179:197-203.
    • (2009) Vet J , vol.179 , pp. 197-203
    • Lorenz, I.1
  • 35
    • 0022426512 scopus 로고
    • Clinical evaluation of sodium bicarbonate, sodium L-lactate and sodium acetate for the treatment of acidosis in diarrheic calves
    • Kasari T, Naylor J. Clinical evaluation of sodium bicarbonate, sodium L-lactate and sodium acetate for the treatment of acidosis in diarrheic calves. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1985;187:392-397.
    • (1985) J Am Vet Med Assoc , vol.187 , pp. 392-397
    • Kasari, T.1    Naylor, J.2
  • 36
    • 0022802948 scopus 로고
    • The alkalinizing effects of metabolizable bases in the healthy calf
    • Naylor J, Forsyth G. The alkalinizing effects of metabolizable bases in the healthy calf. Can J Vet Res 1986;50:509-516.
    • (1986) Can J Vet Res , vol.50 , pp. 509-516
    • Naylor, J.1    Forsyth, G.2
  • 37
    • 16244387706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical Pharmacology
    • Fluids and electrolytes. In: Brumbaugh GW, guest ed. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders Company
    • Constable PD. Fluids and electrolytes. In: Brumbaugh GW, guest ed. Clinical Pharmacology. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders Company; 2003;19:1-40.
    • (2003) Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract , vol.19 , pp. 1-40
    • Constable, P.D.1
  • 38
    • 0019640136 scopus 로고
    • Sodium bicarbonate and bicarbonate precursors for treatment of metabolic acidosis
    • Hartsfield SM. Sodium bicarbonate and bicarbonate precursors for treatment of metabolic acidosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1981;179:914-916.
    • (1981) J Am Vet Med Assoc , vol.179 , pp. 914-916
    • Hartsfield, S.M.1
  • 40
    • 0037378629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperchloremic acidosis: The classic example of strong ion acidosis
    • Constable PD. Hyperchloremic acidosis: The classic example of strong ion acidosis. Anesth Analg 2003;96:919-922.
    • (2003) Anesth Analg , vol.96 , pp. 919-922
    • Constable, P.D.1
  • 41
    • 23744514811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In response: Letters to the editor
    • Constable PD. In response: Letters to the editor. Anesth Analg 2004;98:271-272.
    • (2004) Anesth Analg , vol.98 , pp. 271-272
    • Constable, P.D.1
  • 42
    • 24644523639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iatrogenic hyperchloremic acidosis due to large volume fluid administration: Mechanism, diagnosis, and management
    • Constable PD. Iatrogenic hyperchloremic acidosis due to large volume fluid administration: Mechanism, diagnosis, and management. Int J Intens Care 2005;12:111-122.
    • (2005) Int J Intens Care , vol.12 , pp. 111-122
    • Constable, P.D.1
  • 43
    • 84860568697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strong ion difference theory: A revolutionary approach to the diagnosis and treatment of acid-base abnormalities in cattle
    • Keynote lectures.
    • Constable PD. Strong ion difference theory: A revolutionary approach to the diagnosis and treatment of acid-base abnormalities in cattle. Hungarian Vet J 2008;130 Suppl 1. Keynote lectures:28-33.
    • (2008) Hungarian Vet J , vol.130 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 28-33
    • Constable, P.D.1
  • 44
    • 36248930985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Säure-Base-Haushalt aus der Perspektive von P. Stewart
    • Deetjen P, Lichtwarck-Aschoff M. Säure-Base-Haushalt aus der Perspektive von P. Stewart. Anaesthesist 2007;56:1185-1199.
    • (2007) Anaesthesist , vol.56 , pp. 1185-1199
    • Deetjen, P.1    Lichtwarck-Aschoff, M.2
  • 45
    • 84860597477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental evaluation of a novel oral electrolyte solution in the treatment of natural occurring neonatal calf diarrhoea. Proceedings of the XIXth World Buaitrics Congress, Edinburgh, Scotland, U.K, 1996, British Cattle Association, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
    • Stämpfli HR, Pringle JH, Lumsden JH, et al. Experimental evaluation of a novel oral electrolyte solution in the treatment of natural occurring neonatal calf diarrhoea. Proceedings of the XIXth World Buaitrics Congress, Edinburgh, Scotland, U.K, 1996, 98-101, British Cattle Association, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, 1996.
    • (1996) , pp. 98-101
    • Stämpfli, H.R.1    Pringle, J.H.2    Lumsden, J.H.3
  • 46
    • 58349110538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative effects of two oral rehydration solutions on milk clotting, abomasal luminal pH, and abomasal emptying rate in suckling calves
    • Constable PD, Gruenberg W, Carstensen L. Comparative effects of two oral rehydration solutions on milk clotting, abomasal luminal pH, and abomasal emptying rate in suckling calves. J Dairy Sci 2009;92:296-312.
    • (2009) J Dairy Sci , vol.92 , pp. 296-312
    • Constable, P.D.1    Gruenberg, W.2    Carstensen, L.3
  • 47
    • 0344946875 scopus 로고
    • Formate metabolism in sheep
    • Annison EF, White RR. Formate metabolism in sheep. Biochem J 1962;84:552-557.
    • (1962) Biochem J , vol.84 , pp. 552-557
    • Annison, E.F.1    White, R.R.2
  • 48
    • 13444252255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absorption and elimination of formate following oral administration of calcium formate in female human subjects
    • Hanzlik RP, Fowler SC, Eells JT. Absorption and elimination of formate following oral administration of calcium formate in female human subjects. Drug Metab Dispos 2005;33:282-286.
    • (2005) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.33 , pp. 282-286
    • Hanzlik, R.P.1    Fowler, S.C.2    Eells, J.T.3
  • 49
    • 33645181302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation on the diagnosis and treatment of systemic acidosis in calves
    • Diss. Med. Vet., Free University of Berlin.
    • Berchtold JF. Investigation on the diagnosis and treatment of systemic acidosis in calves. Diss. Med. Vet., Free University of Berlin; 1998.
    • (1998)
    • Berchtold, J.F.1
  • 50
    • 64549134286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of oral rehydration therapy solutions containing sodium bicarbonate or sodium acetate for treatment of calves with naturally acquired diarrhea, moderate dehydration, and strong ion acidosis
    • Sen I, Altunok V, Ok M, et al. Efficacy of oral rehydration therapy solutions containing sodium bicarbonate or sodium acetate for treatment of calves with naturally acquired diarrhea, moderate dehydration, and strong ion acidosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2009;234:926-934.
    • (2009) J Am Vet Med Assoc , vol.234 , pp. 926-934
    • Sen, I.1    Altunok, V.2    Ok, M.3
  • 51
    • 0019269989 scopus 로고
    • The effects of acetate, lactate, succinate and gluconate on plasma pH and electrolytes in dogs
    • Kirkendol P, Starrs J, Gonzalez F. The effects of acetate, lactate, succinate and gluconate on plasma pH and electrolytes in dogs. Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1980;26:323-327.
    • (1980) Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs , vol.26 , pp. 323-327
    • Kirkendol, P.1    Starrs, J.2    Gonzalez, F.3
  • 52
    • 34249732929 scopus 로고
    • Pathways from gluconic acid to glucose in vivo
    • Stetten MR, Topper YJ. Pathways from gluconic acid to glucose in vivo. J Biol Chem 1953;203:653-664.
    • (1953) J Biol Chem , vol.203 , pp. 653-664
    • Stetten, M.R.1    Topper, Y.J.2
  • 53
    • 77951957718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CLSI. 2nd edition. CLSI document C46-A2. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.
    • CLSI. Blood Gas and pH Analysis and Related Measurements; Approved Guidelines. 2nd edition. CLSI document C46-A2. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2009.
    • (2009) Blood Gas and pH Analysis and Related Measurements; Approved Guidelines
  • 54
    • 0015369860 scopus 로고
    • Disproportional changes in hematocrit, plasma volume, and proteins during exercise and bed rest
    • van Beaumont W, Greenleaf JE, Juhos L. Disproportional changes in hematocrit, plasma volume, and proteins during exercise and bed rest. J Appl Physiol 1972;33:55-61.
    • (1972) J Appl Physiol , vol.33 , pp. 55-61
    • van Beaumont, W.1    Greenleaf, J.E.2    Juhos, L.3
  • 55
    • 0016362881 scopus 로고
    • Vergleichende untersuchungen des elektrolyt- und blutstatus bei gesunden und an enteritis erkrankten kälbern. (1. Mitteilung)
    • Fischer W, Butte R. Vergleichende untersuchungen des elektrolyt- und blutstatus bei gesunden und an enteritis erkrankten kälbern. (1. Mitteilung). Dtsch Tierärztl Wschr 1974;81:567-570.
    • (1974) Dtsch Tierärztl Wschr , vol.81 , pp. 567-570
    • Fischer, W.1    Butte, R.2
  • 56
    • 16244387312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of intravenous hyperosmotic sodium bicarbonate on arterial and cerebrospinal fluid acid-base status and cardiovascular function in calves with experimentally induced respiratory and strong ion acidosis
    • Berchtold JF, Constable PD, Smith GW, et al. Effects of intravenous hyperosmotic sodium bicarbonate on arterial and cerebrospinal fluid acid-base status and cardiovascular function in calves with experimentally induced respiratory and strong ion acidosis. J Vet Intern Med 2005;19:240-251.
    • (2005) J Vet Intern Med , vol.19 , pp. 240-251
    • Berchtold, J.F.1    Constable, P.D.2    Smith, G.W.3
  • 57
    • 40549123382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical efficacy of intravenous hypertonic saline solution or hypertonic bicarbonate solution in the treatment of inappetent calves with neonatal diarrhea
    • Koch A, Kaske M. Clinical efficacy of intravenous hypertonic saline solution or hypertonic bicarbonate solution in the treatment of inappetent calves with neonatal diarrhea. J Vet Intern Med 2008;22:202-211.
    • (2008) J Vet Intern Med , vol.22 , pp. 202-211
    • Koch, A.1    Kaske, M.2
  • 58
    • 0033757003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of pump prime in the etiology and pathogenesis of cardiopulmonary bypass-associated acidosis
    • Liskaser F, Bellomo R, Hayhoe M, et al. Role of pump prime in the etiology and pathogenesis of cardiopulmonary bypass-associated acidosis. Anesthesiology 2000;93:1170-1173.
    • (2000) Anesthesiology , vol.93 , pp. 1170-1173
    • Liskaser, F.1    Bellomo, R.2    Hayhoe, M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.