메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue SEP, 2011, Pages

Statistical learning of two artificial languages presented successively: How conscious?

Author keywords

Consciousness; Implicit learning; Process dissociation procedure; Statistical learning

Indexed keywords


EID: 84860481509     PISSN: None     EISSN: 16641078     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00229     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (39)

References (52)
  • 1
    • 0006911053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computation of conditional probability statistics by 8-month-old infants
    • Aslin, R. N., Saffran, J. R., and Newport, E. L. (1998). Computation of conditional probability statistics by 8-month-old infants. Psychol. Sci. 9, 321-324.
    • (1998) Psychol. Sci. , vol.9 , pp. 321-324
    • Aslin, R.N.1    Saffran, J.R.2    Newport, E.L.3
  • 2
    • 38649100337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Segmenting dynamic human action via statistical structure
    • Baldwin, D., Andersson, A., Saffran, J., and Meyer, M. (2008). Segmenting dynamic human action via statistical structure. Cognition 106, 1382-1407.
    • (2008) Cognition , vol.106 , pp. 1382-1407
    • Baldwin, D.1    Andersson, A.2    Saffran, J.3    Meyer, M.4
  • 3
    • 33644905529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of learner and input variables in learning inflectional morphology
    • Brooks, P. J., Kempe, V., and Sionov, A. (2006). The role of learner and input variables in learning inflectional morphology. Appl. Psycholinguist. 27, 185-209.
    • (2006) Appl. Psycholinguist. , vol.27 , pp. 185-209
    • Brooks, P.J.1    Kempe, V.2    Sionov, A.3
  • 4
    • 0031533659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multinomial model to assess fluency and recollection in a sequence learning task
    • 50A
    • Buchner, A., Steffens, M. C., Erdfelder, E., and Rothkegel, R. (1997). A multinomial model to assess fluency and recollection in a sequence learning task. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 50A, 631-663.
    • (1997) Q. J. Exp. Psychol. , pp. 631-663
    • Buchner, A.1    Steffens, M.C.2    Erdfelder, E.3    Rothkegel, R.4
  • 5
    • 0032369228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the role of fragment knowledge in a sequence learning task
    • 51A
    • Buchner, A., Steffens, M. C., and Rothkegel, R. (1998). On the role of fragment knowledge in a sequence learning task. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 51A, 251-281.
    • (1998) Q. J. Exp. Psychol. , pp. 251-281
    • Buchner, A.1    Steffens, M.C.2    Rothkegel, R.3
  • 8
    • 0012159271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit learning and consciousness: a graded, dynamic perspective
    • eds R. M. French and A. Cleeremans (Hove: Psychology Press)
    • Cleeremans, A., and Jiménez, L. (2002). "Implicit learning and consciousness: a graded, dynamic perspective," in Implicit Learning and Consciousness, eds R. M. French and A. Cleeremans (Hove: Psychology Press), 1-40.
    • (2002) Implicit Learning and Consciousness , pp. 1-40
    • Cleeremans, A.1    Jiménez, L.2
  • 9
    • 12444343016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modality constrained statistical learning of tactile, visual, and auditory sequences
    • Conway, C., and Christiansen, M. H. (2005). Modality constrained statistical learning of tactile, visual, and auditory sequences. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 31, 24-39
    • (2005) J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. , vol.31 , pp. 24-39
    • Conway, C.1    Christiansen, M.H.2
  • 10
    • 0035381075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can sequence learning be implicit? New evidence with the process dissociation procedure
    • Destrebecqz, A., and Cleeremans, A. (2001). Can sequence learning be implicit? New evidence with the process dissociation procedure. Psychon. Bull. Rev. 8, 343-350.
    • (2001) Psychon. Bull. Rev. , vol.8 , pp. 343-350
    • Destrebecqz, A.1    Cleeremans, A.2
  • 11
    • 1542331558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal effects in sequence learning
    • ed. L. Jiménez (Amsterdam: John Benjamins)
    • Destrebecqz, A., and Cleeremans, A. (2003). "Temporal effects in sequence learning," in Attention and Implicit Learning, ed. L. Jiménez (Amsterdam: John Benjamins), 181-213.
    • (2003) Attention and Implicit Learning , pp. 181-213
    • Destrebecqz, A.1    Cleeremans, A.2
  • 13
    • 0002502353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit learning: below the subjective threshold
    • Dienes, Z., and Berry, D. (1997). Implicit learning: below the subjective threshold. Psychon. Bull. Rev. 4, 3-23.
    • (1997) Psychon. Bull. Rev. , vol.4 , pp. 3-23
    • Dienes, Z.1    Berry, D.2
  • 14
    • 0003335636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consciousness in the explicit (deliberative) and implicit (evocative)
    • eds J. D. Cohen and J. W. Schooler (Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum)
    • Dulany, D. E. (1997). "Consciousness in the explicit (deliberative) and implicit (evocative)," in Scientific Approaches to the Study of Consciousness, eds J. D. Cohen and J. W. Schooler (Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum), 179-212.
    • (1997) Scientific Approaches to the Study of Consciousness , pp. 179-212
    • Dulany, D.E.1
  • 16
    • 0000399849 scopus 로고
    • Discrimination and learning without awareness: a methodological survey and evaluation
    • Eriksen, C. W. (1960). Discrimination and learning without awareness: a methodological survey and evaluation. Psychol. Rev. 67, 279-300.
    • (1960) Psychol. Rev. , vol.67 , pp. 279-300
    • Eriksen, C.W.1
  • 17
    • 0035516285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unsupervised statistical learning of higher-order spatial structures from visual scenes
    • Fiser, J., and Aslin, R. N. (2001). Unsupervised statistical learning of higher-order spatial structures from visual scenes. Psychol. Sci. 12, 499-504.
    • (2001) Psychol. Sci. , vol.12 , pp. 499-504
    • Fiser, J.1    Aslin, R.N.2
  • 18
    • 0037180434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical learning of new visual feature combinations by infants
    • Fiser, J., and Aslin, R. N. (2002). Statistical learning of new visual feature combinations by infants. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99, 15822-15826.
    • (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.99 , pp. 15822-15826
    • Fiser, J.1    Aslin, R.N.2
  • 19
    • 28744444446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Encoding multielement scenes: statistical learning of visual feature hierarchies
    • Fiser, J., and Aslin, R. N. (2005). Encoding multielement scenes: statistical learning of visual feature hierarchies. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 134, 521-537.
    • (2005) J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. , vol.134 , pp. 521-537
    • Fiser, J.1    Aslin, R.N.2
  • 20
    • 40749141247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit sequence learning and conscious awareness
    • Fu, Q., Fu, X., and Dienes, Z. (2008). Implicit sequence learning and conscious awareness. Conscious. Cogn. 17, 185-202.
    • (2008) Conscious. Cogn. , vol.17 , pp. 185-202
    • Fu, Q.1    Fu, X.2    Dienes, Z.3
  • 21
    • 77951655817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing structures in mid-stream: learning along the statistical garden path
    • Gebhart, A. L., Aslin, R. N., and Newport, E. L. (2009). Changing structures in mid-stream: learning along the statistical garden path. Cogn. Sci. 33, 1087-1116.
    • (2009) Cogn. Sci. , vol.33 , pp. 1087-1116
    • Gebhart, A.L.1    Aslin, R.N.2    Newport, E.L.3
  • 22
    • 85047681639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical learning in a serial reaction time task: simultaneous extraction of multiple statistics
    • Hunt, R. H., and Aslin, R. N. (2001). Statistical learning in a serial reaction time task: simultaneous extraction of multiple statistics. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 130, 658-680.
    • (2001) J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. , vol.130 , pp. 658-680
    • Hunt, R.H.1    Aslin, R.N.2
  • 23
    • 33845310686 scopus 로고
    • A process dissociation framework: separating automatic from intentional use of memory
    • Jacoby, L. L. (1991). A process dissociation framework: separating automatic from intentional use of memory. J. Mem. Lang. 30, 513-541.
    • (1991) J. Mem. Lang. , vol.30 , pp. 513-541
    • Jacoby, L.L.1
  • 24
    • 0033484919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Which attention is needed for implicit sequence learning?
    • Jimenez, L., and Mendez, C. (1999). Which attention is needed for implicit sequence learning? J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 25, 236-259.
    • (1999) J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn , vol.25 , pp. 236-259
    • Jimenez, L.1    Mendez, C.2
  • 25
    • 0035742477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Word segmentation by 8month-olds: when speech cues count more than statistics
    • 606-621.
    • Johnson, E. K., and Jusczyk, P. W. (2001). Word segmentation by 8month-olds: when speech cues count more than statistics. J. Mem. Lang. 44, 548-567.606-621.
    • (2001) J. Mem. Lang. , vol.44 , pp. 548-567
    • Johnson, E.K.1    Jusczyk, P.W.2
  • 26
    • 0032856671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How infants being to extract words from speech
    • 3
    • Jusczyk, P. W. (1999). How infants being to extract words from speech. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) 3, 9, 323-328.
    • (1999) Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) , vol.9 , pp. 323-328
    • Jusczyk, P.W.1
  • 27
    • 77950173207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive predictors of generalization of Russian grammatical gender categories
    • Kempe, V., Brooks, P. J., and Kharkhurin, A. V. (2010). Cognitive predictors of generalization of Russian grammatical gender categories. Lang. Learn. 60, 127-153.
    • (2010) Lang. Learn. , vol.60 , pp. 127-153
    • Kempe, V.1    Brooks, P.J.2    Kharkhurin, A.V.3
  • 28
    • 67649635607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing assumptions of statistical learning: is it implicit and long-term?
    • Kim, R., Seitz, A., Feenstra, H., and Shams, L. (2009). Testing assumptions of statistical learning: is it implicit and long-term? Neurosci. Lett. 461, 145-149.
    • (2009) Neurosci. Lett , vol.461 , pp. 145-149
    • Kim, R.1    Seitz, A.2    Feenstra, H.3    Shams, L.4
  • 29
    • 0000500107 scopus 로고
    • Comparing direct (explicit) and indirect (implicit) measures to study unconscious memory
    • Merikle, P. M., and Reingold, E. M. (1991). Comparing direct (explicit) and indirect (implicit) measures to study unconscious memory. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 17, 224-233.
    • (1991) J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. , vol.17 , pp. 224-233
    • Merikle, P.M.1    Reingold, E.M.2
  • 30
    • 84857372929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Misyak, J. B., and Christiansen, M. H. (in press). Statistical learning and language: an individual differences study
    • doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9922.2010.00626.x
    • Misyak, J. B., and Christiansen, M. H. (in press). Statistical learning and language: an individual differences study. Lang. Learn. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9922.2010.00626.x
    • Lang. Learn.
  • 31
    • 85047684244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit learning out of the lab: the case of orthographic regularities
    • Pacton, S., Perruchet, P., Fayol, M., and Cleeremans, A. (2001). Implicit learning out of the lab: the case of orthographic regularities. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 130, 401-426.
    • (2001) J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. , vol.130 , pp. 401-426
    • Pacton, S.1    Perruchet, P.2    Fayol, M.3    Cleeremans, A.4
  • 32
    • 54949109758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for backward transitional probabilities in word segmentation?
    • Perruchet, P., and Desaulty, S. (2008). A role for backward transitional probabilities in word segmentation? Mem. Cogn. 36, 1299-1305.
    • (2008) Mem. Cogn , vol.36 , pp. 1299-1305
    • Perruchet, P.1    Desaulty, S.2
  • 33
    • 33646337402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit learning and statistical learning: two approaches, one phenomenon
    • Perruchet, P., and Pacton, S. (2006). Implicit learning and statistical learning: two approaches, one phenomenon. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) 10, 233-238.
    • (2006) Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) , vol.10 , pp. 233-238
    • Perruchet, P.1    Pacton, S.2
  • 34
    • 0001513479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PARSER: a model for word segmentation
    • Perruchet, P., and Vinter, A. (1998). PARSER: a model for word segmentation. J. Mem. Lang. 39, 246-263.
    • (1998) J. Mem. Lang. , vol.39 , pp. 246-263
    • Perruchet, P.1    Vinter, A.2
  • 35
    • 0000078758 scopus 로고
    • Implicit learning of artificial grammars
    • Reber, A. S. (1967). Implicit learning of artificial grammars. J. Mem. Lang. 6, 855-863.
    • (1967) J. Mem. Lang. , vol.6 , pp. 855-863
    • Reber, A.S.1
  • 36
    • 0003135418 scopus 로고
    • Theory and measurement in the study of unconscious processes
    • eds M. Davies and G. W. Humphreys (Oxford: Blackwell)
    • Reingold, E. M., and Merikle, P. M. (1993). "Theory and measurement in the study of unconscious processes," in Consciousness, eds M. Davies and G. W. Humphreys (Oxford: Blackwell), 40-57.
    • (1993) Consciousness , pp. 40-57
    • Reingold, E.M.1    Merikle, P.M.2
  • 37
    • 0002344487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory: task dissociations, process dissociations, and dissociations of awareness
    • ed. G. Underwood (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
    • Richardson-Klavehn, A., Gardiner, J. M., and Java, R. I. (1996). "Memory: task dissociations, process dissociations, and dissociations of awareness," in Implicit Cognition, ed. G. Underwood (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 85-158
    • (1996) Implicit Cognition , pp. 85-158
    • Richardson-Klavehn, A.1    Gardiner, J.M.2    Java, R.I.3
  • 38
    • 32644465737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive abilities, chunk-strength, and frequency effects in implicit artificial grammar and incidental L2 learning: replications of Reber, Walkenfeld, and Hernstadt (1991) and Knowlton and Squire (1996) and their relevance for SLA
    • Robinson, P. (2005). Cognitive abilities, chunk-strength, and frequency effects in implicit artificial grammar and incidental L2 learning: replications of Reber, Walkenfeld, and Hernstadt (1991) and Knowlton and Squire (1996) and their relevance for SLA. Stud. Second Lang. Acquisition 27, 235-268
    • (2005) Stud. Second Lang. Acquisition , vol.27 , pp. 235-268
    • Robinson, P.1
  • 40
    • 0036629220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraints on statistical language learning
    • Saffran, J. R. (2002). Constraints on statistical language learning. J. Mem. Lang. 47, 172-196.
    • (2002) J. Mem. Lang. , vol.47 , pp. 172-196
    • Saffran, J.R.1
  • 41
    • 0030451408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical learning by 8-month-old infants
    • Saffran, J. R., Aslin, R. N., and Newport, E. L. (1996a). Statistical learning by 8-month-old infants. Science 274, 1926-1928.
    • (1996) Science , vol.274 , pp. 1926-1928
    • Saffran, J.R.1    Aslin, R.N.2    Newport, E.L.3
  • 42
    • 0030209810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Word segmentation: the role of distributional cues
    • Saffran, J. R., Newport, E. L., and Aslin, R. N. (1996b). Word segmentation: the role of distributional cues. J. Mem. Lang. 35, 606-621.
    • (1996) J. Mem. Lang. , vol.35 , pp. 606-621
    • Saffran, J.R.1    Newport, E.L.2    Aslin, R.N.3
  • 43
    • 0033041815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical learning of tone sequences by adults and infants
    • Saffran, J. R., Johnson, E. K., Aslin, R. N., and Newport, E. L. (1999). Statistical learning of tone sequences by adults and infants. Cognition 70, 27-52.
    • (1999) Cognition , vol.70 , pp. 27-52
    • Saffran, J.R.1    Johnson, E.K.2    Aslin, R.N.3    Newport, E.L.4
  • 45
    • 0041822422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From syllables to syntax: multi-level statistical learning by 12-month-old infants
    • Saffran, J. R., and Wilson, D. P. (2003). From syllables to syntax: multi-level statistical learning by 12-month-old infants. Infancy 4, 273-284.
    • (2003) Infancy , vol.4 , pp. 273-284
    • Saffran, J.R.1    Wilson, D.P.2
  • 46
    • 0036303043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Segmenting nonsense: an event-related potential index of perceived onsets in continuous speech
    • Sanders, L. D., Newport, E. L., and Neville, H. J. (2002). Segmenting nonsense: an event-related potential index of perceived onsets in continuous speech. Nat. Neurosci. 5, 700-703.
    • (2002) Nat. Neurosci. , vol.5 , pp. 700-703
    • Sanders, L.D.1    Newport, E.L.2    Neville, H.J.3
  • 47
    • 0033217891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the relationship between explicit and implicit knowledge in a serial reaction time task
    • Shanks, D. R., and Johnstone, T. (1999). Evaluating the relationship between explicit and implicit knowledge in a serial reaction time task. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 25, 1435-1451.
    • (1999) J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. , vol.25 , pp. 1435-1451
    • Shanks, D.R.1    Johnstone, T.2
  • 48
    • 0001662397 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of dissociable human learning systems
    • Shanks, D. R., and St. John, M. F. (1994). Characteristics of dissociable human learning systems. Behav. Brain Sci. 17, 367-447.
    • (1994) Behav. Brain Sci. , vol.17 , pp. 367-447
    • Shanks, D.R.1    St. John, M.F.2
  • 50
    • 85055362531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speech segmentation in a simulated bilingual environment: a challenge for statistical learning?
    • Weiss, D. J., Gerfen, C., and Mitchel, A. (2009). Speech segmentation in a simulated bilingual environment: a challenge for statistical learning? Lang. Learn. Dev. 5, 30-49.
    • (2009) Lang. Learn. Dev , vol.5 , pp. 30-49
    • Weiss, D.J.1    Gerfen, C.2    Mitchel, A.3
  • 51
    • 0028710215 scopus 로고
    • Dissociations of processes in recognition memory: effects of interference and of response speed
    • Yonelinas, A. P., and Jacoby, L. L. (1994). Dissociations of processes in recognition memory: effects of interference and of response speed. Can. J. Exp. Psychol. 4, 516-535.
    • (1994) Can. J. Exp. Psychol. , vol.4 , pp. 516-535
    • Yonelinas, A.P.1    Jacoby, L.L.2
  • 52
    • 34249701400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A unified model of early word learning: integrating statistical and social cues
    • Yu, C., and Ballard, D. H. (2007). A unified model of early word learning: integrating statistical and social cues. Neurocomputing 70, 2149-2165.
    • (2007) Neurocomputing , vol.70 , pp. 2149-2165
    • Yu, C.1    Ballard, D.H.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.