메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 34, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 26-36

Application of lyophilization to prepare the nitrifying bacterial biofilm for imaging with scanning electron microscopy

Author keywords

image analysis; lyophilization; nitrifying bacterial biofilm; preparation methods; SEM

Indexed keywords

BACTERIAL BIOFILM; BACTERIAL CELLS; COMBINED IMAGING; CRITICAL POINTS; CRYO-SEM; ENVIRONMENTAL SEM; ETHANOL DEHYDRATION; EXTRACELLULAR MATRICES; GLUTARALDEHYDE CROSS-LINKING; GLUTARALDEHYDES; HIGH RESOLUTION; HIGH VACUUM; IN-SITU OBSERVATIONS; IN-VACUUM; LOW TEMPERATURES; LYOPHILIZATION; POLYURETHANE FOAM; PREPARATION METHOD; ROPE-LIKE STRUCTURES; SAMPLE PRETREATMENT; SEM IMAGING; STRUCTURAL INFORMATION;

EID: 84860400082     PISSN: 01610457     EISSN: 19328745     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/sca.20275     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (45)

References (83)
  • 1
    • 0142123381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of hexamethyldisilazane and critical point drying treatments for SEM analysis of anaerobic biofilms and granular sludge
    • DOI 10.1093/jmicro/52.4.429
    • Araujo JC, Téran FC, Oliveira RA, Nour EAA, Montenegro MAP, Campos JR, Vazoller RF,. 2003. Comparison of hexamethyldisilazane and critical point drying treatments for SEM analysis of anaerobic biofilms and granular sludge. J Electron Microsc 52: 429-433. (Pubitemid 37261371)
    • (2003) Journal of Electron Microscopy , vol.52 , Issue.4 , pp. 429-433
    • Araujo, J.C.1    Teran, F.C.2    Oliveira, R.A.3    Nour, E.A.A.4    Montenegro, M.A.P.5    Campos, J.R.6    Vazoller, R.F.7
  • 2
    • 0043207522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biofilm formation and biocide susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium fortuitum and Mycobacterium marinum
    • DOI 10.1007/s00284-002-3796-4
    • Bardouniotis E, Ceri H, Olson ME,. 2003. Biofilm formation and biocide susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium fortuitum and Mycobacterium marinum. Curr Microbiol 46: 28-32. (Pubitemid 36919283)
    • (2003) Current Microbiology , vol.46 , Issue.1 , pp. 28-32
    • Bardouniotis, E.1    Ceri, H.2    Olson, M.E.3
  • 3
    • 0032416363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental observations of the effects of bacteria on aluminosilicate weathering
    • Barker WW, Welch SA, Chu S, Banfield JF,. 1998. Experimental observations of the effects of bacteria on aluminosilicate weathering. Am Mineral 83: 1551-1563.
    • (1998) Am Mineral , vol.83 , pp. 1551-1563
    • Barker, W.W.1    Welch, S.A.2    Chu, S.3    Banfield, J.F.4
  • 7
    • 35748979712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein stability during freezing: Separation of stresses and mechanisms of protein stabilization
    • DOI 10.1080/10837450701481157, PII 783461155
    • Bhatnagar B, Bogner R, Pikal M,. 2007. Protein stability during freezing: separation of stresses and mechanisms of protein stabilization. Pharm Dev Technol 12: 505-523. (Pubitemid 350041532)
    • (2007) Pharmaceutical Development and Technology , vol.12 , Issue.5 , pp. 505-523
    • Bhatnagar, B.S.1    Bogner, R.H.2    Pikal, M.J.3
  • 8
    • 22144440569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wet STEM: A new development in environmental SEM for imaging nano-objects included in a liquid phase
    • DOI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2005.05.005, PII S0304399105000926
    • Bogner A, Tholleta G, Basset, D, Jouneau P-H, Gauthier C,. 2005. Wet STEM: a new development in environmental SEM for imaging nano-objects included in a liquid phase. Ultramicroscopy 104: 290-301. (Pubitemid 40982472)
    • (2005) Ultramicroscopy , vol.104 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 290-301
    • Bogner, A.1    Thollet, G.2    Basset, D.3    Jouneau, P.-H.4    Gauthier, C.5
  • 9
    • 33846439052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A history of scanning electron microscopy developments: Towards "wet-STEM" imaging
    • DOI 10.1016/j.micron.2006.06.008, PII S0968432806001016
    • Bogner A, Jouneau PH, Thollet G, Basset D, Gauthier C,. 2007. A history of scanning electron microscopy developments: towards "wet-STEM" imaging. Micron 38: 390-401. (Pubitemid 46149334)
    • (2007) Micron , vol.38 , Issue.4 , pp. 390-401
    • Bogner, A.1    Jouneau, P.-H.2    Thollet, G.3    Basset, D.4    Gauthier, C.5
  • 11
    • 60349116495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryoelectron microscopy of vitreous sections: A step further towards the native state
    • Bouchet-Marquis C, Fakan S,. 2009. Cryoelectron microscopy of vitreous sections: a step further towards the native state. Methods Mol Biol 464: 425-439.
    • (2009) Methods Mol Biol , vol.464 , pp. 425-439
    • Bouchet-Marquis, C.1    Fakan, S.2
  • 12
    • 33645085864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A major protein component of the Bacillus subtilis biofilm matrix
    • Branda S, Chu F, Kearns DB, Losick R, Kolter R,. 2006. A major protein component of the Bacillus subtilis biofilm matrix. Mol Microbiol 59: 1229-1238.
    • (2006) Mol Microbiol , vol.59 , pp. 1229-1238
    • Branda, S.1    Chu, F.2    Kearns, D.B.3    Losick, R.4    Kolter, R.5
  • 13
    • 0037354831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of environmental scanning electron microscopy to image the spore adhesive of the marine alga Enteromorpha in its natural hydrated state
    • DOI 10.1016/S0927-7765(02)00094-2, PII S0927776502000942
    • Callow JA, Osborne MP, Callow ME, Baker F, Donald AM,. 2003. Use of environmental scanning electron microscopy to image the spore adhesive of the marine alga Enteromorpha in its natural hydrated state. Colloids Surf B 27: 315-321. (Pubitemid 36132178)
    • (2003) Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces , vol.27 , Issue.4 , pp. 315-321
    • Callow, J.A.1    Osborne, M.P.2    Callow, M.E.3    Baker, F.4    Donald, A.M.5
  • 15
    • 0032974560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural determination of the acidic exopolysaccharide produced by a Pseudomonas sp. strain 1.15
    • DOI 10.1016/S0008-6215(98)00318-8, PII S0008621598003188
    • Cescutti P, Toffanin R, Pollesello P, Sutherland IW,. 1999. Structural determination of the acidic exopolysaccharide produced by a Pseudomonas sp. strain 1.15. Carbohydrate Res 315: 159-168. (Pubitemid 29241844)
    • (1999) Carbohydrate Research , vol.315 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 159-168
    • Cescutti, P.1    Toffanin, R.2    Pollesello, P.3    Sutherland, I.W.4
  • 16
    • 0242381290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microstructural characteristics of thin biofilms through optical and scanning electron microscopy
    • DOI 10.1023/A:1026069307547
    • Cortizo MC, de Mele FLM,. 2003. Microstructural characteristics of thin biofilms through optical and scanning electron microscopy. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 19: 805-810. (Pubitemid 37347906)
    • (2003) World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology , vol.19 , Issue.8 , pp. 805-810
    • Cortizo, M.C.1    Fernandez Lorenzo De Mele, M.2
  • 18
    • 84860395040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbohydrate enhanced biofilm growth in anaerobic fluidized bed reactor treating synthetic wastewater
    • Cuba RMF, Teran FJC,. 2010. Carbohydrate enhanced biofilm growth in anaerobic fluidized bed reactor treating synthetic wastewater. HOLOS Environ 10: 54-61.
    • (2010) HOLOS Environ , vol.10 , pp. 54-61
    • Cuba, R.M.F.1    Teran, F.J.C.2
  • 19
    • 74149092972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of biopolymer-induced mineralization: What goes on in biofilms?
    • Decho AW,. 2009. Overview of biopolymer-induced mineralization: what goes on in biofilms? Ecol Eng 36: 137-144.
    • (2009) Ecol Eng , vol.36 , pp. 137-144
    • Decho, A.W.1
  • 20
    • 62649114174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In situ characterization of nitrifying biofilm: Minimizing biomass loss and preserving perspective
    • Delatolla R, Tufenkji N, Comeau Y, Lamarre D, Gadbois A, Berk D,. 2009. In situ characterization of nitrifying biofilm: minimizing biomass loss and preserving perspective. Water Res 43: 1775-1787.
    • (2009) Water Res , vol.43 , pp. 1775-1787
    • Delatolla, R.1    Tufenkji, N.2    Comeau, Y.3    Lamarre, D.4    Gadbois, A.5    Berk, D.6
  • 21
    • 34247362735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical and physical methods for characterisation of biofilms
    • Denkhaus E, Meisen S, Telgheder U, Wingender J,. 2007. Chemical and physical methods for characterisation of biofilms. Microchim Acta 158: 1-27.
    • (2007) Microchim Acta , vol.158 , pp. 1-27
    • Denkhaus, E.1    Meisen, S.2    Telgheder, U.3    Wingender, J.4
  • 23
    • 0036711963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biofilms: Microbial life on surfaces
    • Donlan RM,. 2002. Biofilms: microbial life on surfaces. Emerg Infect Dis 8: 881-890. (Pubitemid 35000803)
    • (2002) Emerging Infectious Diseases , vol.8 , Issue.9 , pp. 881-890
    • Donlan, R.M.1
  • 24
    • 14644423969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visualisation of natural aquatic colloids and particles - A comparison of conventional high vacuum and environmental scanning electron microscopy
    • DOI 10.1039/b413832e
    • Doucet FJ, Lead JR, Maguire L, Achterberg EP, Millward GE,. 2005. Visualization of natural aquatic colloids and particles-a comparison of conventional high vacuum and environmental scanning electron microscopy. J Environ Monit 7: 115-121. (Pubitemid 40313695)
    • (2005) Journal of Environmental Monitoring , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 115-121
    • Doucet, F.J.1    Lead, J.R.2    Maguire, L.3    Achterberg, E.P.4    Millward, G.E.5
  • 25
    • 0035652209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural and geomicrobiological characteristics of a microbial community from a cold sulfide spring
    • DOI 10.1080/014904501753210567
    • Douglas S, Douglas DD,. 2001. Structural and geomicrobiological characteristics of a microbial community from a cold sulfide spring. Geomicrobiol J 18: 401-422. (Pubitemid 34002436)
    • (2001) Geomicrobiology Journal , vol.18 , Issue.4 , pp. 401-422
    • Douglas, S.1    Douglas, D.D.2
  • 27
    • 77957280239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial biofilm imaging ESEM vs. HVSEM: Complementary information and minimization of artifacts
    • Fedel M, Caciagli P, Chistè V, Caola I, Tessarolo F,. 2007. Microbial biofilm imaging ESEM vs. HVSEM: complementary information and minimization of artifacts. Image Microsc 9: 44-47.
    • (2007) Image Microsc , vol.9 , pp. 44-47
    • Fedel, M.1    Caciagli, P.2    Chistè, V.3    Caola, I.4    Tessarolo, F.5
  • 30
    • 36549042076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The EPS matrix: The "House of Biofilm Cells"
    • DOI 10.1128/JB.00858-07
    • Flemming H-C, Neu TR, Wozniak DJ,. 2007. EPS matrix: the "House of biofilm cells ". J Bacteriol 189: 7945-7947. (Pubitemid 350178903)
    • (2007) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.189 , Issue.22 , pp. 7945-7947
    • Flemming, H.-C.1    Neu, T.R.2    Wozniak, D.J.3
  • 31
    • 11044229160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of SEM preparation techniques on the appearance of bacteria and biofilms in the Carter Sandstone
    • Fratesi SE, Lynch FL, Kirkland BL, Brown LR,. 2004. Effects of SEM preparation on the appearance of bacteria and biofilms in the carter sandstone. J Sediment Res 74: 858-867. (Pubitemid 40047147)
    • (2004) Journal of Sedimentary Research , vol.74 , Issue.6 , pp. 858-867
    • Fratesi, S.E.1    Lynch, F.L.2    Kirkland, B.L.3    Brown, L.R.4
  • 33
    • 73649133262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visualization of adherent micro-organisms using different techniques
    • Hannig Ch, Follo M, Hellwig E, Al-Ahmad A,. 2010. Visualization of adherent micro-organisms using different techniques. J Med Microbiol 59: 1-7.
    • (2010) J Med Microbiol , vol.59 , pp. 1-7
    • Hannig, C.1    Follo, M.2    Hellwig, E.3    Al-Ahmad, A.4
  • 34
    • 33845928921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of microscopy and three-dimensional visualization to evaluate the structure of microbial biofilms cultivated in the Calgary Biofilm Device
    • Harrison JJ, Ceri H, Yerly J, Stremick CA, Hu Y, Martinuzzi R, Turner RJ,. 2006. The use of microscopy and three-dimensional visualization to evaluate the structure of microbial biofilms cultivated in the Calgary Biofilm Device. Biol Proc 8: 194-215.
    • (2006) Biol Proc , vol.8 , pp. 194-215
    • Harrison, J.J.1    Ceri, H.2    Yerly, J.3    Stremick, C.A.4    Hu, Y.5    Martinuzzi, R.6    Turner, R.J.7
  • 36
    • 36549082978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphorylcholine expression by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae correlates with maturation of biofilm communities in vitro and in vivo
    • DOI 10.1128/JB.00532-07
    • Hong W, Pang B, West-Barnette S, Swords WE,. 2007. Phosphorylcholine expression by nontypeable haemophilus influenzae in vitro and in vivo correlates with maturation of biofilm communities. J Bacteriol 189: 8300-8307. (Pubitemid 350178942)
    • (2007) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.189 , Issue.22 , pp. 8300-8307
    • Hong, W.1    Pang, B.2    West-Barnette, S.3    Swords, W.E.4
  • 37
    • 20444456628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation into biofilms in a local drinking water distribution system
    • DOI 10.1017/S1479050505001614
    • Hu JY, Yu B, Feng YY, Tan XL, Ong SL, Ng WJ, Hoe WC,. 2005. Investigation into biofilms in a local drinking water distribution system. Biofilms 2: 19-25. (Pubitemid 40826120)
    • (2005) Biofilms , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 19-25
    • Hu, J.Y.1    Yu, B.2    Feng, Y.Y.3    Tan, X.L.4    Ong, S.L.5    Ng, W.J.6    Hoe, W.C.7
  • 38
    • 34548486477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial community composition and structure of biofilms developing on nanofiltration membranes applied to wastewater treatment
    • Ivnitsky H, Katz I, Minz D, Volvovic G, Shimoni E, Kesselman E, Semiat R, Dosoretz CG,. 2007. Bacterial community composition and structure of biofilms developing on nanofiltration membranes applied to wastewater treatment. Water Res 41: 3924-3925.
    • (2007) Water Res , vol.41 , pp. 3924-3925
    • Ivnitsky, H.1    Katz, I.2    Minz, D.3    Volvovic, G.4    Shimoni, E.5    Kesselman, E.6    Semiat, R.7    Dosoretz, C.G.8
  • 39
    • 0344243544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth and capture activities of nematophagous fungi in soil, visualized by low temperature scanning electron microscopy
    • Jansson H-B, Persson C, Odeslius R,. 2000. Growth and capture activities of nematophagous fungi in soil, visualized by low temperature scanning electron microscopy. Mycologia 92: 10-15.
    • (2000) Mycologia , vol.92 , pp. 10-15
    • Jansson, H.-B.1    Persson, C.2    Odeslius, R.3
  • 40
    • 44349113026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visualisation of the microbial colonisation of a slow sand filter using an environmental scanning electron microscope
    • Joubert ED, Pillay B,. 2008. Visualisation of the microbial colonisation of a slow sand filter using an environmental scanning electron microscope. Electron J Biotechnol 11: 1-7.
    • (2008) Electron J Biotechnol , vol.11 , pp. 1-7
    • Joubert, E.D.1    Pillay, B.2
  • 41
    • 0035544407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure and carbohydrate analysis of the exopolysaccharide capsule of Pseudomonas putida G7
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2001.00248.x
    • Kachlany SC, Levery SB, Kim JS, Reuhs BL, Lion LW, Ghiorse WC,. 2001. Structure and carbohydrate analysis of the exopolysaccharide capsule of Pseudomonas putida G7. Environ Microbiol 3: 774-784. (Pubitemid 34103167)
    • (2001) Environmental Microbiology , vol.3 , Issue.12 , pp. 774-784
    • Kachlany, S.C.1    Levery, S.B.2    Kim, J.S.3    Reuhs, B.L.4    Lion, L.W.5    Ghiorse, W.C.6
  • 42
    • 44149105941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High spatial resolution surface imaging and analysis of fungal cells using SEM and AFM
    • Kaminskyj SGW, Dahms TES,. 2008. High spatial resolution surface imaging and analysis of fungal cells using SEM and AFM. Micron 39: 349-361.
    • (2008) Micron , vol.39 , pp. 349-361
    • Kaminskyj, S.G.W.1    Dahms, T.E.S.2
  • 43
    • 59149089934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of environmental scanning electron microscopy to determine biological surface structure
    • Kirk SE, Skepper JN, Donald AM,. 2009. Application of environmental scanning electron microscopy to determine biological surface structure. J Microsc 233: 205-224.
    • (2009) J Microsc , vol.233 , pp. 205-224
    • Kirk, S.E.1    Skepper, J.N.2    Donald, A.M.3
  • 44
    • 34548665530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from cyanobacterial mats: Characterisation and isolation method optimisation
    • DOI 10.1007/s00227-007-0754-5
    • Klock J-H, Wieland A, Seifert R, Michaelis W,. 2007. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from cyanobacterial mats: characterisation and isolation method optimization. Mar Biol 152: 1077-1085. (Pubitemid 47415531)
    • (2007) Marine Biology , vol.152 , Issue.5 , pp. 1077-1085
    • Klock, J.-H.1    Wieland, A.2    Seifert, R.3    Michaelis, W.4
  • 45
    • 72049086964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Removal and sterilization of biofilms and planktonic bacteria by microwave-induced argon plasma at atmospheric pressure
    • Lee MH, Park BJ, Jin SCh, Kim D, Han I, Kim J, Hyun SO, Chung K-H, Park J-Ch,. 2009. Removal and sterilization of biofilms and planktonic bacteria by microwave-induced argon plasma at atmospheric pressure. New J Phys 11: 2-10.
    • (2009) New J Phys , vol.11 , pp. 2-10
    • Lee, M.H.1    Park, B.J.2    Jin, S.3    Kim, D.4    Han, I.5    Kim, J.6    Hyun, S.O.7    Chung, K.-H.8    Park, J.-C.9
  • 46
    • 43449130042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Micro-scale observations of the structure of aerobic microbial granules used for the treatment of nutrient-rich industrial wastewater
    • DOI 10.1038/ismej.2008.12, PII ISMEJ200812
    • Lemaire R, Webb RI, Yuan Z,. 2008. Micro-scale observation of the structure of aerobic microbial granules used for the treatment of nutrient-rich industrial wastewater. ISME J 2: 528-541. (Pubitemid 351666972)
    • (2008) ISME Journal , vol.2 , Issue.5 , pp. 528-541
    • Lemaire, R.1    Webb, R.I.2    Yuan, Z.3
  • 47
    • 0026262003 scopus 로고
    • Biofilms: An ESEM evaluation of artifacts introduced during SEM preparation
    • Little B, Wagner P, Ray R, Pope R, Scheetz R,. 1991. Biofilms: an ESEM evaluation of artifacts introduced during SEM preparation. J Ind Microbiol 8: 213-222.
    • (1991) J Ind Microbiol , vol.8 , pp. 213-222
    • Little, B.1    Wagner, P.2    Ray, R.3    Pope, R.4    Scheetz, R.5
  • 48
    • 0037161635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extraction of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of sludges
    • DOI 10.1016/S0168-1656(02)00025-1, PII S0168165602000251
    • Liu H, Fang HHP,. 2002. Extraction of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of sludges. J Bacteriol 95: 249-256. (Pubitemid 34465468)
    • (2002) Journal of Biotechnology , vol.95 , Issue.3 , pp. 249-256
    • Liu, H.1    Fang, H.H.P.2
  • 49
    • 0025670570 scopus 로고
    • Lyophilization: A useful approach to the automation of analytical processes?
    • Luque de Castro MD, Izquierdo A,. 1990. Lyophilization: a useful approach to the automation of analytical processes? J Automat Chem 12: 267-279.
    • (1990) J Automat Chem , vol.12 , pp. 267-279
    • Luque De Castro, M.D.1    Izquierdo, A.2
  • 50
    • 0028801861 scopus 로고
    • Channel structures in aerobic biofilms of fixed-film reactors treating contaminated groundwater
    • Massol-Deyá AA, Whallon J, Hickey RF, Tiedje JM,. 1995. Channel structures in aerobic biofilms of fixed-film reactors treating contaminated groundwater. Appl Environ Microbiol 61: 769-777.
    • (1995) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.61 , pp. 769-777
    • Massol-Deyá, A.A.1    Whallon, J.2    Hickey, R.F.3    Tiedje, J.M.4
  • 52
    • 0035808057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic density functional study on the structure of thin polymer blend films with a free surface
    • DOI 10.1021/ma010346+
    • Morita H, Kawakatsu T, Doi M,. 2001. Dynamic density functional study on the structure of thin polymer blend films with a free surface. Macromolecules 34: 8777-8783. (Pubitemid 34011405)
    • (2001) Macromolecules , vol.34 , Issue.25 , pp. 8777-8783
    • Morita, H.1    Kawakatsu, T.2    Doi, M.3
  • 54
    • 52049124777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sample preparation for scanning electron microscopy of plant surfaces-horses for courses
    • Pathan AK, Bond J, Gaskin RE,. 2008. Sample preparation for scanning electron microscopy of plant surfaces-horses for courses. Micron 39: 1049-1061.
    • (2008) Micron , vol.39 , pp. 1049-1061
    • Pathan, A.K.1    Bond, J.2    Gaskin, R.E.3
  • 56
    • 0035690639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radiation damage of water in environmental scanning electron microscopy
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2001.00948.x
    • Royall CP, Thiel BE, Donald AM,. 2001. Radiation damage of water in environmental scanning electron microscopy. J Microsc 204: 185-195. (Pubitemid 34075116)
    • (2001) Journal of Microscopy , vol.204 , Issue.3 , pp. 185-195
    • Royall, C.P.1    Thiel, B.L.2    Donald, A.M.3
  • 57
    • 46249133553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of electron microscopic sample preparation methods and imaging techniques for characterization of cell-mineral aggregates
    • DOI 10.1080/01490450802153462, PII 794212476
    • Schädler S, Burkhardt C, Kappler A,. 2008. Evaluation of electron microscopic sample preparation methods and imaging techniques for characterization of cell-mineral aggregates. Geomicrobiol J 25: 228-239. (Pubitemid 351911296)
    • (2008) Geomicrobiology Journal , vol.25 , Issue.5 , pp. 228-239
    • Schadler, S.1    Burkhardt, C.2    Kappler, A.3
  • 59
    • 0035530157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterisation of soft condensed matter and delicate materials using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM)
    • Stokes DJ,. 2001. Characterisation of soft condensed matter and delicate materials using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). Adv Eng Mater 3: 126-130.
    • (2001) Adv Eng Mater , vol.3 , pp. 126-130
    • Stokes, D.J.1
  • 63
    • 0035152224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biofilm exopolysaccharides: A strong and sticky framework
    • Sutherland IW,. 2001. Biofilm exopolysaccharides: a strong and sticky framework. Microbiology 147: 3-9. (Pubitemid 32094304)
    • (2001) Microbiology , vol.147 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-9
    • Sutherland, I.W.1
  • 64
    • 0028298367 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of conventional SEM techniques, low temperature SEM and the electroscan wet scanning electron microscope to study the structure of a biofilm of Streptococcus crista CR3
    • Sutton NA, Hughes N, Handley PS,. 1994. A comparison of conventional SEM techniques, low temperature SEM and the electroscan wet scanning electron microscope to study the structure of a biofilm of Streptococcus crista CR3. J Appl Bacteriol 76: 448-454. (Pubitemid 24221720)
    • (1994) Journal of Applied Bacteriology , vol.76 , Issue.5 , pp. 448-454
    • Sutton, N.A.1    Hughes, N.2    Handley, P.S.3
  • 65
    • 0034935531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microscopic observation of aerobic granulation in sequential aerobic sludge blanket reactor
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2001.01374.x
    • Tay J-H, Liu Q-S, Liu Y,. 2001. Microscopic observation of aerobic granulation in sequential aerobic sludge blanket reactor. J Appl Microbiol 91: 168-175. (Pubitemid 32623363)
    • (2001) Journal of Applied Microbiology , vol.91 , Issue.1 , pp. 168-175
    • Tay, J.-H.1    Liu, Q.-S.2    Liu, Y.3
  • 67
    • 57949095736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electron microscopy of hydrated samples
    • Timp W, Matsudaira P,. 2008. Electron microscopy of hydrated samples. Methods Cell Biol 89: 391-407.
    • (2008) Methods Cell Biol , vol.89 , pp. 391-407
    • Timp, W.1    Matsudaira, P.2
  • 69
    • 0036659398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foresti, E. Morphological observation and microbial population dynamics in anaerobic polyurethane foam biofilm degrading gelatin
    • Tommaso G, Varesche MB, Zaiat M, Vazoller RF,. 2002. Foresti, E. Morphological observation and microbial population dynamics in anaerobic polyurethane foam biofilm degrading gelatin. Braz J Chem Eng 19: 287-292.
    • (2002) Braz J Chem Eng , vol.19 , pp. 287-292
    • Tommaso, G.1    Varesche, M.B.2    Zaiat, M.3    Vazoller, R.F.4
  • 70
    • 0025324301 scopus 로고
    • Scanning electron microscopy of immobilized bacteria in gel beads: A comparative study of fixation methods
    • DOI 10.1016/0167-7012(90)90052-8
    • Van Neerven ARW, Wijffels RH, Zehnder AJB,. 1990. Scanning electron microscopy of immobilized bacteria in gel beads: a comparative study of fixation methods. J Microbiol Methods 11: 157-168. (Pubitemid 20207781)
    • (1990) Journal of Microbiological Methods , vol.11 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 157-168
    • Van Neerven, A.R.W.1    Wijffels, R.H.2    Zehnder, A.J.B.3
  • 71
    • 0030666878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial colonization of polyurethane foam matrices in horizontal flow anaerobic immobilized sludge (HAIS) reactor
    • Veresche MB, Zaiat M, Vieira LGT, Vazoller RF, Foresti E,. 1997. Microbial colonization of polyurethane foam matrices in horizontal flow anaerobic immobilized sludge (HAIS) reactor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 48: 538-543.
    • (1997) Appl Microbiol Biotechnol , vol.48 , pp. 538-543
    • Veresche, M.B.1    Zaiat, M.2    Vieira, L.G.T.3    Vazoller, R.F.4    Foresti, E.5
  • 72
    • 77953081549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural analysis of biofilms and pellets of Aspergillus niger by confocal laser scanning microscopy and cryo scanning electron microscopy
    • Villena GK, Fujikawa T, Tsuyumu S, Gutiérrez-Correa M,. 2010. Structural analysis of biofilms and pellets of Aspergillus niger by confocal laser scanning microscopy and cryo scanning electron microscopy. Bioresour Technol 101: 1920-1926.
    • (2010) Bioresour Technol , vol.101 , pp. 1920-1926
    • Villena, G.K.1    Fujikawa, T.2    Tsuyumu, S.3    Gutiérrez-Correa, M.4
  • 73
    • 68649115596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial extracellular polysaccharides involved in biofilm formation
    • Vu B, Chen M, Crawford RJ, Ivanova EP,. 2009. Bacterial extracellular polysaccharides involved in biofilm formation. Molecules 14: 2535-2554.
    • (2009) Molecules , vol.14 , pp. 2535-2554
    • Vu, B.1    Chen, M.2    Crawford, R.J.3    Ivanova, E.P.4
  • 74
    • 35148855673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial composition and structure of aerobic granular sewage biofilms
    • DOI 10.1128/AEM.01002-07
    • Weber SD, Ludwig W, Schleifer K-H, Fried J,. 2007. Microbial composition and structure of aerobic granular sewage biofilms. Appl Environ Microbiol 73: 6233-6240. (Pubitemid 47548034)
    • (2007) Applied and Environmental Microbiology , vol.73 , Issue.19 , pp. 6233-6240
    • Weber, S.D.1    Ludwig, W.2    Schleifer, K.-H.3    Fried, J.4
  • 75
    • 68649096663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of freezing methods on the properties of lyophilized porous silk fibroin membranes
    • Weska RF, Vieira Jr WV, Nogueira GM, Beppu MM,. 2009. Effect of freezing methods on the properties of lyophilized porous silk fibroin membranes. Mater Res 12: 233-237.
    • (2009) Mater Res , vol.12 , pp. 233-237
    • Weska, R.F.1    Vieira, Jr.W.V.2    Nogueira, G.M.3    Beppu, M.M.4
  • 76
    • 67649414956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-throughput SEM preparation of proteinaceaous extracellular matrix
    • Wiegemann M, Lehmann F,. 2009. High-throughput SEM preparation of proteinaceaous extracellular matrix. J Mater Sci 44: 3813-3818.
    • (2009) J Mater Sci , vol.44 , pp. 3813-3818
    • Wiegemann, M.1    Lehmann, F.2
  • 79
    • 75449120080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring structure and activity of nitrifying bacterial biofilm in an automatic biodetector of water toxicity
    • Woznica A, Nowak A, Beimfohr C, Karczewski J, Bernas T,. 2010a. Monitoring structure and activity of nitrifying bacterial biofilm in an automatic biodetector of water toxicity. Chemosphere 78: 1121-1128.
    • (2010) Chemosphere , vol.78 , pp. 1121-1128
    • Woznica, A.1    Nowak, A.2    Beimfohr, C.3    Karczewski, J.4    Bernas, T.5
  • 80
    • 79451475692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial architecture of nitrifying bacteria biofilm immobilized on polyurethane foam in an automatic biodetector for water toxicity
    • Woznica A, Karcz J, Nowak A, Gmur A, Bernas T,. 2010b. Spatial architecture of nitrifying bacteria biofilm immobilized on polyurethane foam in an automatic biodetector for water toxicity. Microsc Microanal 16: 550-560.
    • (2010) Microsc Microanal , vol.16 , pp. 550-560
    • Woznica, A.1    Karcz, J.2    Nowak, A.3    Gmur, A.4    Bernas, T.5
  • 81
    • 33745080668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation of marine bacteria by in situ culture on media-supplemented polyurethane foam
    • DOI 10.1007/s10126-005-5015-3
    • Yasumoto-Hirose M, Nishijima M, Ngirchechol MK, Kanoh K, Shizuri Y, Miki W,. 2006. Isolation of marine bacteria by in situ culture on media-supplemented polyurethane foam. Mar Biotechnol 8: 227-237. (Pubitemid 43881827)
    • (2006) Marine Biotechnology , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 227-237
    • Yasumoto-Hirose, M.1    Nishijima, M.2    Ngirchechol, M.K.3    Kanoh, K.4    Shizuri, Y.5    Miki, W.6
  • 82
    • 77951209357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Template-directed synthesis of titania hybrid nanowires within core-shell cylindrical polymer brushes
    • Yuan J, Lu Y, Schacher FM, Lunkenbein T, Weiss S, Schmalz H, Müller AHE,. 2009. Template-directed synthesis of titania hybrid nanowires within core-shell cylindrical polymer brushes. Chem Mater 21: 4146-4153.
    • (2009) Chem Mater , vol.21 , pp. 4146-4153
    • Yuan, J.1    Lu, Y.2    Schacher, F.M.3    Lunkenbein, T.4    Weiss, S.5    Schmalz, H.6    Müller, A.H.E.7
  • 83
    • 70350772359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Separator characteristics for increasing performance of microbial fuel cells
    • Zhang X, Cheng S, Wang X, Huang X, Logan BE,. 2009. Separator characteristics for increasing performance of microbial fuel cells. Environ Sci Technol 43: 7148-7152.
    • (2009) Environ Sci Technol , vol.43 , pp. 7148-7152
    • Zhang, X.1    Cheng, S.2    Wang, X.3    Huang, X.4    Logan, B.E.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.