EC Green Paper Proposals and Audit Quality

Accounting in Europe

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 17-38

  Quick, Reiner ^a,b  

^a DARMSTADT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN DENMARK   (Denmark)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84859597597     PISSN: 17449480     EISSN: 17449499     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/17449480.2012.664398     Document Type: Article

References (172)

1. Agacer, G. M. and Doupnik, T. S. 1991. Perceptions of auditor independence: a cross-cultural study. The International Journal of Accounting, 26(1): 220-237.
2. AICPA. 2010. AICPA Code of Professional Conduct, New York: American Institute of CPAs.
3. André, P., Broye, G., Pong, C. K. M. and Schatt, A. 2011. Audit fees, Big Four premium and institutional setting: the devil is in the details, Working Paper, ESSEC Business School, EM Strasbourg Business School, Nottingham University and Université Bourgogne
4. Antle, R., Gordon, E., Narayanamoorthy, G. and Zhou, L. 2006. The joint determination of audit fees, non-audit fees, and abnormal accruals. Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 27(3): 235-266.
5. APB. 2010. APB Ethical Standards. The Provision of Non-Audit Services by Auditors. Feedback on Previous Consultations and Consultation Paper on Revised Draft Ethical Standards for Auditors, London: Auditing Practices Board.
6. Arrunada, B. and Paz-Ares, C. 1997. Mandatory rotation of company auditors: a critical examination. International Review of Law and Economics, 17(1): 31-61.
7. Ashbaugh, H., LaFond, R. and Mayhew, B. W. 2003. Do nonaudit services compromise auditor independence? Further evidence. The Accounting Review, 78(3): 611-639.
8. Aussenegg, W., Inwinkl, P. and Schneider, G. 2008. Earnings management and local vs international accounting standards of European public firms, Working Paper, Vienna University of Technology and University of Paderborn
9. Bajaj, M., Gunny, K. and Sarin, A. 2003. Auditor compensation and audit failure: an empirical analysis, Working Paper, Santa Clara University
10. Ballou, B., Earley, C. E. and Rich, J. S. 2004. The impact of strategic-positioning information on auditor judgments about business-process performance. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 23(2): 71-88.
11. Bartlett, R. W. 1997. Auditor independence: five scenarios involving potential conflicts of interest. Research on Accounting Ethics, 3(May): 245-277.
12. Basioudis, I. G., Papakonstantinu, E. and Geiger, M. A. 2008. Audit fees, non-audit fees and auditor going-concern reporting decisions in the United Kingdom. ABACUS, 14(3): 284-309.
13. Bates, H. L., Ingram, R. W. and Recker, P. M. J. 1982. Auditor-client affiliation: the impact on 'materiality'. Journal of Accountancy, 153(4): 60-63.
14. Beattie, V. A., Brandt, R. and Fearnley, S. 1999. Perceptions of auditor independence: U.K. evidence. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing & Taxation, 8(1): 67-107.
15. Beck, P., Frecka, T. J. and Solomon, I. 1988. A model of the market for MAS and audit services: knowledge spillovers and auditor-auditee bonding. Journal of Accounting Literature, 7(December): 50-64.
16. Bell, T. B., Doogar, R. and Solomon, I. 2008. Audit labor usage and fees under business risk auditing. Journal of Accounting Research, 46(4): 729-760.
17. Bierstaker, J. L. and Wright, A. 2004. Does the adoption of a business risk audit approach change internal control documentation and testing practices?. International Journal of Auditing, 8(1): 67-78.
18. Blokdijk, H., Drieenhuizen, F., Simunic, D. A. and Stein, M. T. 2006. An analysis of cross-sectional differences in Big and non-Big public accounting firms' audit programs. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 25(1): 27-48.
19. Boone, J. P., Khurana, I. K. and Raman, K. K. 2008. Audit firm tenure and the equity risk premium. Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance, 23(1): 115-140.
20. Botosan, C. A. 1997. Disclosure level and the cost of equity capital. The Accounting Review, 72(3): 323-349.
21. Botosan, C. A. and Plumlee, M. A. 2002. A re-examination of disclosure level and the expected cost of equity capital. Journal of Accounting Research, 40(1): 21-40.
22. Brandon, D. M., Crabtree, A. D. and Maher, J. J. 2004. Nonaudit fees, auditor independence, and bond ratings. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 23(2): 89-103.
23. Brody, R. G. and Moscove, S. A. 1998. Mandatory auditor rotation. National Public Accountant, 43(May): 32-35.
24. Cahan, S. F., Emanuel, D. M., Hay, D. and Wong, N. 2008. Non-audit fees, long-term auditor client relationships and earnings management. Accounting and Finance, 48(2): 181-207.
25. Callaghan, J., Parkash, M. and Singhal, R. 2009. Going-concern audit opinions and the provision of nonaudit services: implications for auditor independence of bankrupt firms. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 28(1): 152-169.
26. Cameran, M. 2008. "Auditing in Italy. The development of a highly-regulated setting before and after the Parmalat case". In Auditing, Trust and Governance. Developing Regulation in Europe, Edited by: Quick, R., Turley, S. and Willekens, M. 144-167. London and New York: Routledge.
27. Cameran, M., Prencipe, A. and Trombetta, M. 2008. Auditor tenure and auditor change: does mandatory auditor rotation really improve audit quality?, Working Paper, Bocconi University
28. Canning, M. and Gwilliam, D. 1999. Non-audit services and auditor independence: some evidence from Ireland. European Accounting Review, 8(3): 401-419.
29. Carcello, J. V. and Nagy, A. L. 2004. Audit firm tenure and fraudulent financial reporting. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 23(2): 55-69.
30. Carcello, J. V. and Neal, T. L. 2000. Audit committee composition and auditor reporting. The Accounting Review, 75(4): 453-467.
31. Catanach, A. H. Jr. and Walker, P. L. 1999. The international debate over mandatory auditor rotation: a conceptual research framework. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing & Taxation, 8(1): 43-66.
32. Chahine, S. and Filatotchev, I. 2011. The effects of corporate governance and audit and non-audit fees on IPO value. The British Accounting Review, 43(3): 155-172.
33. Chaney, P. K. and Philipich, K. L. 2002. Shredded reputation: the cost of audit failure. Journal of Accounting Research, 40(4): 1221-1245.
34. Chen, C.-Y., Lin, C.-J. and Lin, Y.-C. 2008. Audit partner tenure, audit firm tenure, and discretionary accruals: does long auditor tenure impair earnings quality?. Contemporary Accounting Research, 25(2): 415-445.
35. Cheung, J. and Hay, D. 2004. Auditor independence: the voice of shareholders. University of Auckland Business Review, 6(2): 67-75.
36. Chien, S.-H. and Chen, Y.-S. 2005. The provision of non-audit services by accounting firms after the Enron bankruptcy in the United States. International Journal of Management, 22(2): 300-306.
37. Choy, A. K. and King, R. R. 2005. An experimental investigation of approaches to audit decision-making: an evaluation using system-mediated models. Contemporary Accounting Research, 22(2): 311-350.
38. Chung, H. and Kallapur, S. 2003. Client importance, nonaudit services, and abnormal accruals. The Accounting Review, 78(4): 931-955.
39. Coppens, L. and Peek, E. 2005. An analysis of earnings management by European private firms. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing & Taxation, 14(1): 1-17.
40. Crabtree, A., Brandon, D. and Maher, J. J. 2006. The impact of auditor tenure on initial bond ratings. Advances in Accounting, 22(July): 97-121.
41. Craswell, A. T., Stokes, D. J. and Laughton, J. 2002. Auditor independence and fee dependence. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 33(2): 253-275.
42. Curtis, E. and Turley, S. 2007. The business risk audit-a longitudinal case study of an audit engagement. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 32(4/5): 439-461.
43. Daniels, B. W. and Booker, Q. 2009. Bank loan officers' perception of audit firm rotation. The CPA Journal, 79(1): 36-40.
44. Dao, M., Mishra, S. and Raghunandan, K. 2008. Auditor tenure and shareholder ratification of the auditor. Accounting Horizons, 22(3): 297-314.
45. Dart, E. 2011. UK investors' perceptions of auditor independence. The British Accounting Review, 43(3): 173-185.
46. Davis, L. R., Soo, B. S. and Trompeter, G. M. 2009. Auditor tenure and the ability to meet or beat earnings forecasts. Contemporary Accounting Research, 26(2): 517-548.
47. Davis, S. M. and Hollie, D. 2008. The impact of nonaudit service fee levels on investors' perceptions of auditor independence. Behavioral Research in Accounting, 20(1): 31-44.
48. DeAngelo, L. E. 1981a. Auditor independence, 'low balling', and disclosure regulation. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 3(2): 113-127.
49. DeAngelo, L. E. 1981b. Auditor size and audit quality. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 3(3): 183-199.
50. Dee, C. C., Lulseged, A. and Nowlin, T. S. 2006. Prominent audit clients and the relation between discretionary accruals and non-audit service fees. Advances in Accounting, 22(July): 123-148.
51. DeFond, M. L., Raghunandan, K. and Subramanyam, K. R. 2002. Do non-audit service fees impair auditor independence? Evidence from going concern audit opinions. Journal of Accounting Research, 40(4): 1247-1274.
52. Deis, D. R. and Giroux, G. A. 1992. Determinants of audit quality in the public sector. The Accounting Review, 67(3): 462-479.
53. Deis, D. R. and Giroux, G. A. 1996. The effect of auditor changes on audit fees, audit hours, and audit quality. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 15(1): 55-76.
54. Dopuch, N. and King, R. R. 1991. The impact of MAS on auditors' independence: an experimental markets study. Journal of Accounting Research, 29(SUPPL.): 60-98.
55. Dopuch, N., King, R. R. and Schwartz, R. 2001. An experimental investigation of retention and rotation requirements. Journal of Accounting Research, 39(1): 93-117.
56. Dykxhoorn, H. J. and Sinning, K. E. 1981. Wirtschaftsprüfer perception of auditor independence. The Accounting Review, 56(1): 97-107.
57. Dykxhoorn, H. J. and Sinning, K. E. 1982. Perceptions of auditor independence: its perceived effect on the loan and investment decisions of German financial statement users. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 7(4): 337-347.
58. Eilifsen, A., Knechel, W. R. and Wallage, P. 2001. Application of the business risk audit model: a field study. Accounting Horizons, 15(3): 193-207.
59. European Commission. 2010. Green Paper. Audit Policy: Lessons from the Crisis, Brussels: European Commission.
60. European Commission. 2011. Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and the Council on Specific Requirements Regarding Statutory Audit of Public-Interest Entities, Brussels: European Commission.
61. European Union (2006) DIRECTIVE 2006/43/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 17 May 2006 on statutory audits of annual accounts and consolidated accounts, European Union, Brussels.
62. Ferguson, M. J., Seow, G. S. and Young, D. 2004. Nonaudit services and earnings management: UK evidence. Contemporary Accounting Research, 21(4): 813-841.
63. Firth, M. A. 1980. Perceptions of auditor independence and official ethical guidelines. The Accounting Review, 55(3): 451-466.
64. Firth, M. 2002. Auditor-provided consultancy services and their associations with audit fees and audit opinions. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 29(5/6): 661-693.
65. Francis, J. R. and Ke, B. 2006. Disclosure of fees paid to auditors and the market valuation of earnings surprises. Review of Accounting Studies, 11(4): 495-523.
66. Francis, J. R., Richard, C. and Vanstraelen, A. 2009. Assessing France's joint audit requirement: are two heads better than one?. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 28(2): 35-63.
67. Frankel, R. M., Johnson, M. F. and Nelson, K. K. 2002. The relation between auditors' fees for non-audit services and earnings management. The Accounting Review, 77(4): 71-105.
68. Gates, S. K., Lowe, J. D. and Reckers, P. M. J. 2007. Restoring public confidence in capital markets through auditor rotation. Managerial Auditing Journal, 22(1): 5-17.
69. Geiger, M. A. and Raghunandan, K. 2002. Auditor tenure and audit reporting failures. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 21(1): 67-78.
70. Geiger, M. A. and Rama, D. V. 2003. Audit fees, nonaudit fees, and auditor reporting on stressed companies. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 22(2): 53-69.
71. Ghosh, A. and Moon, D. 2005. Auditor tenure and perceptions of audit quality. The Accounting Review, 80(2): 585-612.
72. Ghosh, A., Kallapur, S. and Moon, D. 2009. Audit And Non-Audit Fees And Capital Market Perceptions Of Auditor Independence. Journal Of Accounting And Public Policy, 28(5): 369-385.
73. Gietzmann, M. B. and Sen, P. K. 2002. Improving auditor independence through selective mandatory rotation. International Journal of Auditing, 6(2): 183-210.
74. Glezen, W. G. and Millar, J. A. 1985. An empirical investigation of stockholder reaction to disclosures required by ASR No. 250. Journal of Accounting Research, 23(2): 859-870.
75. Gonthier-Besacier, N. and Schatt, A. 2007. Determinants of audit fees for French quoted firms. Managerial Auditing Journal, 22(2): 139-160.
76. Gul, F. A. 1991. Size of audit fees and perceptions of auditors' ability to resist management pressure in audit conflict situations. ABACUS, 27(2): 162-172.
77. Gul, F. A., Tsui, J. and Dhaliwal, D. S. 2006. Non-audit services, auditor quality and the value relevance of earnings. Accounting and Finance, 46(5): 797-817.
78. Gul, F. A., Jaggi, B. L. and Krishnan, G. V. 2007. Auditor independence: evidence on the joint effects of auditor tenure and nonaudit fees. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 26(2): 117-142.
79. Gul, F. A., Fung, S. and Jaggi, B. 2009. Earnings quality: some evidence on the role of auditor tenure and auditors' industry expertise. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 47(3): 265-287.
80. Gunny, K., Krishnan, G. V. and Zhang, T. C. 2007. Is audit quality associated with auditor tenure, industry expertise, and fees? Evidence from PCAOB opinions, Working Paper, University of Colorado at Boulder
81. Haapamäki, E., Järvinen, T., Niemi, L. and Zerni, M. 2011. Do joint audits offer value for money? Abnormal accruals, earnings conservatism, and auditor remuneration in a setting of voluntary joint audits, Working Paper, University of Vaasa and Aalto University
82. Hartley, R. V. and Ross, T. L. 1972. MAS and audit independence: an image problem. The Journal of Accountancy, 134(November): 42-51.
83. Hatfield, R. C., Jackson, S. and Vandervelde, S. D. 2006. The effect of auditor rotation and client pressure on proposed audit adjustments, Working Paper, University of South Carolina
84. Hay, D., Knechel, R. and Li, V. 2006. Non-audit services and auditor independence: New Zealand evidence. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 33(5/6): 715-734.
85. Higgs, J. L. and Skantz, T. R. 2006. Audit and nonaudit fees and the market reaction to earnings announcements. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 25(1): 1-26.
86. Hill, C. L. and Booker, Q. 2007. State accountancy regulators' perceptions of independence of external auditors when performing internal audit activities for nonpublic clients. Accounting Horizons, 21(1): 43-57.
87. Hoitash, R., Markelevich, A. and Barragato, C. A. 2007. Auditor fees and audit quality. Managerial Auditing Journal, 22(8): 761-786.
88. Holland, K. and Lane, J. 2011. Perceived auditor independence and audit firm fees, Working Paper, University of Southampton and Aberystwyth University
89. Holm, C. and Thinggaard, F. 2010. Joint audits-benefit or burden?, Working Paper, University of Aarhus
90. Hope, O. K. and Langli, J. C. 2010. Auditor independence in a private firms and low litigation risk setting. The Accounting Review, 85(2): 573-605.
91. Huang, H.-W., Mishra, S. and Raghunandan, K. 2007. Types of nonaudit fees and financial reporting quality. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 26(1): 133-145.
92. Hussey, R. 1999. The familiarity threat and auditor independence. Corporate Governance, 7(2): 190-197.
93. Hussey, R. and Lan, G. 2001. An examination of auditor independence issues from the perspectives of U.K. finance directors. Journal of Business Ethics, 32(2): 169-178.
94. IFAC. 2010. Handbook of the Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants, New York: International Federation of Accountants.
95. Jackson, A. B., Moldrich, M. and Roebuck, P. 2008. Mandatory audit firm rotation and audit quality. Managerial Auditing Journal, 23(5): 420-437.
96. Jeanjean, T. and Stolowy, H. 2008. Do accounting standards matter? An exploratory analysis of earnings management before and after IFRS adoption. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 27(6): 480-494.
97. Jenkins, G. J. and Krawczyk, K. 2001. The influence of nonaudit services on perceptions of auditor independence. Journal of Applied Business Research, 17(3): 73-78.
98. Jenkins, G. J. and Krawczyk, K. 2002. The relationship between nonaudit services and perceived auditor independence: views of nonprofessional investors and auditors. Journal of Business and Economic Perspectives, 16(Fall/Winter): 25-36.
99. Joe, J. R. and Vandervelde, S. D. 2007. Do auditor-provided nonaudit services improve audit effectiveness?. Contemporary Accounting Research, 24(2): 467-487.
100. Johnson, V. E., Khurana, I. K. and Reynolds, J. K. 2002. Audit firm tenure and the quality of financial reports. Contemporary Accounting Research, 19(4): 637-660.
101. Kanagaretnam, K., Krishnan, G. V. and Lobo, G. J. 2010. An empirical analysis of auditor independence in the banking industry. The Accounting Review, 86(6): 2011-2046.
102. Kaplan, S. E. and Mauldin, E. G. 2008. Auditor rotation and the appearance of independence: evidence from non-professional investors. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 27(2): 177-192.
103. Karjalainen, J. 2009. Audit quality and cost of debt capital for private firms: evidence from Finland, Working Paper, University of Eastern Finland
104. Kemp, R. S. Jr., Reckers, P. M. J. and Arrington, C. E. 1983. Bank credibility: the need to rotate auditors. Journal of Retail Banking, 5(Spring): 38-44.
105. Khurana, I. K. and Raman, K. K. 2006. Do investors care about the auditor's economic dependence on the client?. Contemporary Accounting Research, 23(4): 977-1016.
106. Kinney, W. R., Palmrose, Z.-V. and Scholz, S. 2004. Auditor independence, non-audit services, and restatements: was the U.S. government right?. Journal of Accounting Research, 42(3): 561-588.
107. Kinnunen, J. and Koskela, M. 2003. Who is Miss World in cosmetic earnings management? A cross-national comparison of small upward rounding of net income numbers among eighteen countries. Journal of International Accounting Research, 2(1): 39-68.
108. Knapp, M. 1985. Audit conflict: an empirical study of the perceived ability of auditors to resist management pressure. The Accounting Review, 60(2): 202-211.
109. Knechel, W. R. and Vanstraelen, A. 2007. The relationship between auditor tenure and audit quality implied by going concern opinions. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 26(1): 113-131.
110. Knechel, W. R., Salterio, S. E. and Kochetova-Kozlowski, N. 2010. The effect of benchmarked performance measures and strategic analysis on auditors' risk assessments and mental models. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 35(3): 316-333.
111. Krishnan, J., Sami, H. and Zhang, Y. 2005. Does the provision of nonaudit services affect investor perceptions of auditor independence?. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 24(2): 111-135.
112. Lai, K.-W. and Krishnan, G. V. 2009. Are non-audit services associated with firm value? Evidence from financial information system-related services. Accounting and Finance, 49(3): 599-617.
113. Larcker, D. F. and Richardson, S. A. 2004. Fees paid to audit firms, accrual choices, and corporate governance. Journal of Accounting Research, 42(3): 625-658.
114. Latham, C. K., Jacobs, F. A. and Roush, P. 1998. Does auditor tenure matter?. Research in Accounting Regulation, 12(Fall): 165-178.
115. Lavin, D. 1976. Perceptions of the independence of the auditor. The Accounting Review, 51(1): 41-50.
116. Lee, C.-W. J. and Gu, Z. 1998. Low balling, legal liability and auditor independence. The Accounting Review, 73(4): 533-555.
117. Lennox, C. S. 1999. Non-audit fees, disclosure and audit quality. European Accounting Review, 8: 239-252.
118. Lesage, C., Ratzinger-Sakel, N. V. S. and Kettunen, J. 2011. Is joint audit good or bad? Efficiency perspective evidence from three European countries, Working Paper, HEC Paris, Ulm University and University of Jyväskylä
119. Leuz, C., Nanda, D. and Wysocki, P. D. 2003. Earnings management and investor protection: an international comparison. Journal of Financial Economics, 69(3): 505-527.
120. Levinthal, D. A. and Fichman, M. 1988. Dynamics of interorganizational attachments: auditor-client relationships. Administrative Science Quarterly, 33(3): 345-369.
121. Li, C. 2009. Does client importance affect auditor independence at the office level? Empirical evidence from going-concern opinions. Contemporary Accounting Research, 26(1): 201-230.
122. Lim, C.-Y. and Tan, H.-T. 2008. Non-audit services and audit quality: the impact of auditor specialisation. Journal of Accounting Research, 46(1): 199-246.
123. Lowe, D. J. and Pany, K. 1995. CPA performance of consulting engagements with audit clients: effects on financial statement users' perceptions and decisions. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 14(2): 35-53.
124. Lowe, D. J. and Pany, K. 1996. An examination of the effects of type of engagement, materiality and structure on CPA consulting engagements with audit clients. Accounting Horizons, 10(4): 32-51.
125. Lowe, D. J., Geiger, M. A. and Pany, K. 1999. The effects of internal audit outsourcing on perceived external auditor independence. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 18(SUPPL.): 7-26.
126. Lys, T. and Watts, R. L. 1994. Lawsuits against auditors. Journal of Accounting Research, 32(SUPPL.): 65-93.
127. MacLullich, K. K. 2003. The emperor's 'new' clothes? New audit regimes: insights from Foucault's technologies of the self. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 14(8): 791-811.
128. Maijoor, S. J. and Vanstraelen, A. 2006. Earnings management within Europe: the effects of member state audit environment, audit firm quality and international capital markets. Accounting and Business Research, 36(1): 33-52.
129. Mansi, S. A., Maxwell, W. F. and Miller, D. P. 2004. Does auditor quality and tenure matter to investors? Evidence from the bond market. Journal of Accounting Research, 42(4): 755-793.
130. Marmousez, S. 2006. Conservatism and joint-auditing: evidence from French listed companies, Working Paper, HEC Paris
131. Mautz, R. K. and Sharaf, H. A. 1961. The Philosophy of Auditing, Sarasota, FL: American Accounting Association.
132. Meuwissen, R. and Quick, R. 2009. Abschlussprüfung und Beratung-Eine experimentelle Analyse der Auswirkungen auf Unabhängigkeitswahrnehmungen deutscher Aufsichtsräte. Schmalenbachs Zeitschrift für betriebswirtschaftliche Forschung, 61(6): 382-415.
133. Mishra, S., Raghunandan, K. and Rama, D. V. 2005. Do investors' perceptions vary with types of nonaudit fees? Evidence from auditor ratification voting. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 24(2): 9-25.
134. Mitra, S. 2007. Nonaudit service fees and auditor independence: empirical evidence from the oil and gas industry. Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance, 22(1): 85-107.
135. Moody, M., Pany, K. J. and Recker, P. M. J. 2006. Strong corporate governance and audit firm rotation: effects on judges' independence perceptions and litigation judgements. Accounting Horizon, 20(3): 253-270.
136. Myers, J. N., Myers, L. A. and Omer, T. C. 2003. Exploring the term of the auditor-client relationship and the quality of earnings: a case for mandatory auditor rotation?. The Accounting Review, 78(3): 779-799.
137. Nagy, A. L. 2005. Mandatory audit firm turnover, financial reporting quality, and client bargaining power: the case of Arthur Andersen. Accounting Horizons, 19(2): 51-68.
138. Nashwa, G. 2004. Auditor rotation and the quality of audits. The CPA Journal, 74(12): 22-26.
139. Newman, D. P., Patterson, E. A. and Smith, J. R. 2005. The role of auditing in investor protection. The Accounting Review, 80(1): 289-313.
140. O'Donnell, E. and Schultz, J. J. Jr. 2003. The influence of business-process-focused audit support software on analytical procedures judgments. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 22(2): 265-279.
141. O'Donnell, E. and Schultz, J. J. Jr. 2005. The halo effect in business risk audits: can strategic risk assessment bias auditor judgment about accounting detail?. The Accounting Review, 80(3): 921-939.
142. O'Leary, C. 1996. Compulsory rotation of audit firms for public companies?. Accountancy Ireland, 28(2): 20-22.
143. Pany, K. and Reckers, P. M. J. 1983. Auditor independence and nonaudit services. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 2(1): 43-62.
144. Pany, K. and Reckers, P. M. J. 1984. Non-audit services and auditor independence-a continuing problem. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 3(1): 89-97.
145. Patel, C. and Psaros, J. 2000. Perceptions of external auditors' independence: some cross-cultural evidence. British Accounting Review, 32(3): 312-338.
146. Piot, C. 2007. Auditor concentration in a joint-auditing environment: the French market 1997-2003. Managerial Auditing Journal, 22(2): 161-176.
147. Quick, R. and Sattler, M. 2011. Beeinträchtigen Beratungsleistungen die Urteilsfreiheit des Abschlussprüfers? Zum Einfluss von Beratungshonoraren auf diskretionäre Periodenabgrenzungen. Schmalenbachs Zeitschrift für betriebswirtschaftliche Forschung, 63(6): 310-343.
148. Quick, R. and Warming-Rasmussen, B. 2005. The impact of MAS on perceived auditor independence-some evidence from Denmark. Accounting Forum, 29(2): 137-168.
149. Quick, R. and Warming-Rasmussen, B. 2009. Auditor independence and the provision of non-audit services: perceptions by German investors. International Journal of Auditing, 14(2): 141-162.
150. Raghunandan, K. 2003. Nonaudit services and shareholder ratification of auditors. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 22(1): 155-163.
151. Raghunandan, K., Read, W. J. and Whisenant, J. S. 2003. Initial evidence on the association between nonaudit fees and restated financial statements. Accounting Horizons, 17(3): 223-234.
152. Raghunathan, B., Lewis, B. L. and Evans, J. H. III. 1994. An empirical investigation of problem audits. Research in Accounting Regulation, 8(July): 33-58.
153. Reynolds, J. K., Deis, D. R. and Francis, J. R. 2004. Professional service fees and auditor objectivity. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 23(1): 29-52.
154. Robinson, D. 2008. Auditor independence and auditor-provided tax service: evidence from going-concern audit opinions prior to bankruptcy filings. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 27(2): 31-54.
155. Robson, K., Humphrey, C., Khalifa, R. and Jones, J. 2007. Transforming audit technologies: business risk audit methodologies and the audit field. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 32(4/5): 409-438.
156. Ruddock, C., Taylor, S. and Taylor, S. 2006. Non-audit services and earnings conservatism: is auditor independence impaired?. Contemporary Accounting Research, 23(3): 701-746.
157. Ruiz-Barbadillo, E., Gómez-Aguilar, N. and Carrera, N. (2009) Does mandatory audit firm rotation enhance auditor independence? Evidence from Spain, Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 28(1), pp. 113-135.
158. Schatzberg, J. W. 1994. A new examination of auditor 'low ball' pricing: theoretical model and experimental evidence. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 13(SUPPL.): 33-55.
159. SEC. 2000. Proposed Rule S7-13-00: Revision of the Commission's Auditor Independence Requirements, New York: Securities and Exchange Commission.
160. Shockley, R. A. 1981. Perceptions of auditors' independence: an empirical analysis. The Accounting Review, 54(4): 785-800.
161. Singleton-Green, B. 2010. The communication gap: why doesn't accounting research make a greater contribution to debates on accounting policy?. Accounting in Europe, 7(2): 129-145.
162. Srinidhi, B. and Gul, F. A. 2007. The differential effects of auditors' nonaudit and audit fees on accrual quality. Contemporary Accounting Research, 24(2): 595-629.
163. St. Pierre, K. and Anderson, J. 1984. An analysis of the factors associated with lawsuits against public accountants. The Accounting Review, 59(2): 242-263.
164. Stefani, U. 2002. Abschlussprüfung, Unabhängigkeit und strategische Interdependenzen, Stuttgart: Schäffer-Poeschel.
165. Stice, J. D. 1991. Using financial and market information to identify pre-engagement factors associated with lawsuits against auditors. Accounting Review, 66(3): 516-533.
166. Sucher, P., Moizer, P. and Zarova, M. 1998. Factors affecting the assessment of the quality of a company's auditors: the case of the Czech Republic. International Journal of Auditing, 2(1): 7-20.
167. Suchman, M. C. 1995. Managing legitimacy: strategic and institutional approaches. Academy of Management Journal, 20(3): 571-610.
168. Swanger, S. L. and Chewning, E. G. Jr. 2001. The effect of internal audit outsourcing on financial analysts' perceptions of external auditor independence. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 20(2): 115-129.
169. Teoh, H. Y. and Lim, C. C. 1996. An empirical study of the effects of audit committees, disclosure of nonaudit fees, and other issues on audit independence: Malaysian evidence. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing & Taxation, 5(2): 231-248.
170. Thinggaard, F. and Kiertzner, L. 2008. Determinants of audit fees: evidence from a small capital market with a joint audit requirement. International Journal of Auditing, 12(2): 141-158.
171. Vanstraelen, A. 2000. Impact of renewable long-term audit mandates on audit quality. European Accounting Review, 9(3): 419-442.
172. Walker, P. L., Lewis, B. L. and Casterella, J. R. 2001. Mandatory auditor rotation: arguments and current evidence. Accounting Enquiries, 10(Spring): 209-242.