Systems of Privilege: Intersections, Awareness, and Applications

Journal of Social Issues

Volumn 68, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 1-10

  Case, Kim A ^a   Iuzzini, Jonathan ^b   Hopkins, Morgan ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON CLEAR LAKE   (United States)

^b MONROE COMMUNITY COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

POLICY MAKING; PSYCHOLOGY; THEORETICAL STUDY;

EID: 84858627274     PISSN: 00224537     EISSN: 15404560     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-4560.2011.01732.x     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. nd ed.). New York: Routledge.
2. th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
3. Blumenfeld, W. J., & Jaekel, K. (2012). Exploring levels of Christian privilege: Awareness among pre-service teachers. Journal of Social Issues, 68, 128-144.
4. Branscombe, N. R. (2004). A social psychological process perspective on collective guilt. In N. R. Branscombe & B. Doosje (Eds.), Collective guilt: International perspectives (pp. 320-334). New York: Cambridge University Press.
5. Branscombe, N. R., Schmitt, M. T., & Schiffhauer, K. (2007). Racial attitudes in response to thoughts of white privilege. European Journal of Social Psychology, 37, 203-215.
6. Case, K. (2007a). Raising white privilege awareness and reducing racial prejudice: Assessing diversity course effectiveness. Teaching of Psychology, 34, 231-235.
7. Case, K. A. (2007b). Raising male privilege awareness and reducing sexism: An evaluation of diversity courses. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 31, 426-435.
8. Case, K. A. (2012). Discovering the privilege of whiteness: White women's reflections on anti-racist identity and ally behavior. Journal of Social Issues, 68, 78-96.
9. Case, K. A., Kanenberg, H., Erich, S., & Tittsworth, J. (2012). Transgender inclusion in university non-discrimination statements: Challenging gender-conforming privilege through student activism. Journal of Social Issues, 68, 145-161.
10. Case, K. A., & Stewart, B. (2010). Changes in diversity course student prejudice and attitudes toward heterosexual privilege and gay marriage. Teaching of Psychology, 37, 172-177.
11. Cole, E. R., Avery, L. R., Dodson, C., & Goodman, K. D. (2012). Against nature: How arguments about the naturalness of marriage privilege heterosexuality. Journal of Social Issues, 68, 46-62.
12. Cole, E. R. (2009). Intersectionality and research in psychology. American Psychologist, 64, 170-180.
13. Collins, P. H. (1990). Black feminist thought: Knowledge, consciousness, and the politics of empowerment. New York: Routledge.
14. Coston, B. M., & Kimmel, M. (2012). Seeing privilege where it isn't: Marginalized masculinities and the intersectionality of privilege. Journal of Social Issues, 68, 97-111.
15. Crenshaw, K. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A Black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory, and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 1989, 139-167.
16. th ed., pp. 504-553). Boston: McGraw-Hill.
17. Dill, B. T., & Zambrana, R. E. (2009). Critical thinking about inequality: An emerging lens. In B. T. Dill & R. E. Zambrana (Eds.), Emerging intersections: Race, class, and gender in theory, policy, and practice (pp. 1-21). New Brunswick: Rutgers.
18. Dovidio, J. F., & Gaertner, S. L. (Eds.). (1986). Prejudice, discrimination, and racism. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
19. Feagin, J., & O'Brien, E. (2003). White men on race: Power, privilege, and the shaping of cultural consciousness. Boston: Beacon Press.
20. Ferber, A. L. (2012). The culture of privilege: Color-blindness, Post-feminism and Christonormativity. Journal of Social Issues, 68, 63-77.
21. Ferber, A., Jimenez, C., Herrera, A., & Samuels, D. (Eds.). (2008). The matrix reader: Examining the dynamics of oppression and privilege. Boston: McGraw-Hill.
22. th ed., pp. 357-414). Boston: McGraw-Hill.
23. nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
24. Kendall, F. E. (2006). Understanding white privilege: Creating pathways to authentic relationships across race. New York: Routledge.
25. nd ed.). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
26. Kivel, P. (1996). Uprooting racism: How white people can work for racial justice. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society Publishers.
27. Knowles, E. D., & Peng, K. (2005). White selves: Conceptualizing and measuring a dominant-group identity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 223-241.
28. Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory in social science: Selected theoretical papers. New York: Harper & Row.
29. Lowery, B. S., Knowles, E. D., & Unzueta, M. M. (2007). Framing inequity safely: Whites' motivated perceptions of racial privilege. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33(9), 1237-1250.
30. McIntosh, P. (1988). White privilege and male privilege: A personal account of coming to see correspondences through work in women's studies (Working Paper No. 189). Wellesley, MA: Wellesley Centers for Women.
31. McIntosh, P. (2012). Reflections and future directions for privilege studies. Journal of Social Issues, 68, 194-206.
32. Montgomery, S. A., & Stewart, A. J. (2012). Privileged allies in lesbian and gay rights activism: Gender, generation, and resistance to heteronormativity. Journal of Social Issues, 68, 162-177.
33. Nelson, T. D. (Ed.). (2009). Handbook of prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination. New York: Psychology Press.
34. Powell, A. A., Branscombe, N. R., & Schmitt, M. T. (2005). Inequality as ingroup privilege or outgroup disadvantage: The impact of group focus on collective guilt and interracial attitudes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31(4), 508-521.
35. Pratto, F., & Stewart, A. L. (2012). Group dominance and the half-blindness of privilege. Journal of Social Issues, 68, 28-45.
36. Purdie-Vaughns, V., & Eibach, R. P. (2008). Intersectional invisibility: The distinctive advantages and disadvantages of multiple subordinate-group identities. Sex Roles, 59, 377-391.
37. Rains, F. V. (1998). Is the benign really harmless? Deconstructing some "benign" manifestations of operationalized white privilege. In J. L. Kincheloe, S. R. Steinberg, N. M. Rodriguez, & R. E. Chennault (Eds.), White reign: Deploying whiteness in America (pp. 76-101). New York: St. Martin's Press.
38. rd ed.). New York: Worth.
39. Sanders, M. R., & Mahalingam, R. (2012). Under the radar: The role of invisible discourse in understanding class-based privilege. Journal of Social Issues, 68, 112-127.
40. Schmitt, M. T., Miller, D. A., Branscombe, N. R., & Brehm, J. W. (2008). The difficulty of making reparations affects the intensity of collective guilt. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 11, 267-279.
41. Shearer, J. M. (1994). Enter the river: Healing steps from white privilege toward racial reconciliation. Scottsdale, PA: Herald Press.
42. Sidanius, J., & Pratto, F. (1999). Social dominance. New York: Cambridge University Press.
43. Stewart, T. L., Latu, I. M., Branscombe, N. R., Phillips, N. L., & Denney, H. T. (2012). White privilege awareness and efficacy to reduce racial inequality improve White Americans' attitudes toward African Americans. Journal of Social Issues, 68, 11-27.
44. Stoudt, B. G., Fox, M., & Fine, M. (2012). Contesting privilege with critical participatory action research. Journal of Social Issues, 68, 178-193.
45. Swim, J. K., & Miller, D. L. (1999). White guilt: Its antecedents and consequences for attitudes toward affirmative action. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25(4), 500-514.
46. Swim, J. K., & Stangor, C. (Eds.). (1998). Prejudice: The target's perspective. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
47. Unzueta, M. M., & Lowery, B. S. (2008). Defining racism safely: The role of self-image maintenance on White Americans' conceptions of racism. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 1491-1497.
48. Wildman, S. M., & Davis, A. D. (1996). Privilege revealed: How invisible preference undermines America. New York: New York University Press.
49. Wise, T. (2005). White like me: Reflections on race from a privileged son. Brooklyn, NY: Soft Skull Press.