Detection of toxigenic clostridium difficile: Comparison of the cell culture neutralization, Xpert C. difficile, Xpert C. difficile/Epi, and Illumigene C. difficile assays

Journal of Clinical Microbiology

Volumn 50, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 1331-1335

  Pancholi, Preeti ^a   Kelly, C ^a   Raczkowski, M ^a   Balada Llasat, J M ^a  

^a OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BACTERIAL TOXIN;

ARTICLE; ASSAY; BACTERIAL CELL; BACTERIAL GENE; BACTERIAL STRAIN; BACTERIUM CULTURE; BACTERIUM DETECTION; CELL CYTOTOXIN NEUTRALIZATION ASSAY; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CULTURE TECHNIQUE; FECES ANALYSIS; GENE AMPLIFICATION; GENE IDENTIFICATION; INFECTIOUS DIARRHEA; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; ISOTHERM; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; TCDA GENE;

ADULT; BACTERIAL PROTEINS; BACTERIAL TOXINS; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; CLOSTRIDIUM INFECTIONS; DIARRHEA; ENTEROTOXINS; FALSE NEGATIVE REACTIONS; HUMANS; MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES; NUCLEIC ACID AMPLIFICATION TECHNIQUES; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; YOUNG ADULT;

CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE;

EID: 84858603395     PISSN: 00951137     EISSN: 1098660X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.06597-11     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Akerlund T, et al. 2011. Geographical clustering of cases of infection with moxifloxacin-resistant Clostridium difficile PCR-ribotypes 012, 017, and 046 in Sweden, 2008 and 2009. Eur. Surveill. 16:1-7.
2. Babady NE, et al. 2010. Evaluation of the Cepheid Xpert Clostridium difficile Epi assay for diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection and typing of the NAP1 strain at a cancer hospital. J. Clin. Microbiol. 48:4519-4524.
3. Bartlett JG. 2002. Clinical practice: antibiotic-associated diarrhea. N. Engl. J. Med. 346:334-339.
4. Cohen SH, et al. 2010. Clinical practice guidelines for Clostridium difficile infection in adults: 2010 update by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 31:431-455.
5. Crobach MJ, Dekkers OM, Wilcox MH, Kuijper EJ. 2009. European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID): data review and recommendations for diagnosing Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 15:1053-1066.
6. Dubberke ER, et al. 2011. Impact of clinical symptoms on the interpretation of diagnostic assays for Clostridium difficile. J. Clin. Microbiol. 49:2887-2893.
7. Emmadi R, et al. 2011. Molecular methods and platforms for infectious diseases testing a review of FDA-approved and cleared assays. J. Mol. Diagn. 13:583-604.
8. Hemminger J, Balada-Llasat JM, Raczkowski M, Buckosh M, Pancholi P. 2011. Two case reports of Clostridium difficile bacteremia, one with the epidemic NAP-1 strain. Infection 39:371-373.
9. Karen ML. 2011. Conventional versus molecular methods for the detection of Clostridium difficile. J. Clin. Microbiol. 49(Suppl):S49-S52.
10. Kato H, Yokoyama T, Arakawa Y. 2005. Rapid and simple method for detecting the toxin B gene of Clostridium difficile in stool specimens by loop-mediated isothermal amplification. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43:6108-6112. (Pubitemid 43100667)
11. Kozak K, Elagin V, Noren T, Unemo M. 2011. Targeting the tcdA gene: is this appropriate for detection of A and/or B Clostridium difficile toxin-producing strains? J. Clin. Microbiol. 49:2383-2384.
12. Lalande V, et al. 2011. Evaluation of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infections. J. Clin. Microbiol. 49:2714-2716.
13. Loo VG, et al. 2005. A predominantly clonal multi-institutional outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea with high morbidity and mortality. N. Engl. J. Med. 353:2442-2449. (Pubitemid 41770165)
14. McDonald LC, et al. 2005. An epidemic, toxin gene-variant strain of Clostridium difficile. N. Engl. J. Med. 353:2433-2441. (Pubitemid 41770164)
15. McDonald LC, Owings M, Jernigan DB. 2006. Clostridium difficile infection in patients discharged from US short-stay hospitals, 1996-2003. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 12:409-415.
16. Merz CS, et al. 1994. Comparison of four commercially available rapid enzyme immunoassays with cytotoxin assay for detection of Clostridium difficile toxin(s) from stool specimens. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32:1142-1147. (Pubitemid 24132537)
17. Noren T, Alriksson I, Andersson J, Akerlund T, Unemo M. 2011. Rapid and sensitive loop-mediated isothermal amplification test for Clostridium difficile detection challenges cytotoxin B cell test and culture as gold standard. J. Clin. Microbiol. 49:710-711.
18. Novak-Weekley SM, et al. 2010. Clostridium difficile testing in the clinical laboratory by use of multiple testing algorithms. J. Clin. Microbiol. 48: 889-893.
19. Peterson LR, et al. 2007. Detection of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in stool samples by real-time polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of C. difficile-associated diarrhea. Clin. Infect. Dis. 45:1152-1160. (Pubitemid 47580313)
20. Peterson LR, et al. 2011. Laboratory testing for Clostridium difficile infection: light at the end of the tunnel. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 136:372-380.
21. Sirard S, Valiquette L, Fortier LC. 2011. Lack of association between clinical outcome of Clostridium difficile infections, strain type, and virulence- associated phenotypes. J. Clin. Microbiol. 49:4040-4046.
22. Spigaglia P, Mastrantonio P. 2002. Molecular analysis of the pathogenicity locus and polymorphism in the putative negative regulator of toxin production (TcdC) among Clostridium difficile clinical isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40:3470-3475. (Pubitemid 34977470)
23. Stabler RA, et al. 2006. Comparative phylogenomics of Clostridium difficile reveals clade specificity and microevolution of hypervirulent strains. J. Bacteriol. 188:7297-7305. (Pubitemid 44547635)
24. Starr J. 2005. Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea: diagnosis and treatment. BMJ 331:498-501. (Pubitemid 41248134)
25. Tenover FC, et al. 2011. Comparison of strain typing results for Clostridium difficile isolates from North America. J. Clin. Microbiol. 49:1831-1837.
26. Tenover FC, Baron EJ, Peterson LR, Persing DH. 2011. Laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection can molecular amplification methods move us out of uncertainty? J. Mol. Diagn. 13:573-582.
27. Warny M, et al. 2005. Toxin production by an emerging strain of Clostridium difficile associated with outbreaks of severe disease in North America and Europe. Lancet 366:1079-1084. (Pubitemid 41338761)