Geographical clustering of cases of infection with moxifoxacin-resistant Clostridium difficile PCR-ribotypes 012, 017 and 046 in Sweden, 2008 and 2009

Eurosurveillance

Volumn 16, Issue 10, 2011, Pages 1-7

  Akerlund T ^a   Alefjord, I ^a   Dohnhammar, U ^a   Struwe, J ^a   Noren T ^b   Tegmark Wisell, K ^a  

^a SWEDISH INSTITUTE FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASE CONTROL   (Sweden)

^b ÖREBRO UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLINDAMYCIN; ERYTHROMYCIN; METRONIDAZOLE; MOXIFLOXACIN; VANCOMYCIN; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; DNA TOPOISOMERASE (ATP HYDROLYSING); HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUND; QUINOLINE DERIVATIVE;

ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL STRAIN; BACTERIUM CULTURE; BACTERIUM DETECTION; BACTERIUM ISOLATE; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION; CULTURE MEDIUM; CYTOTOXICITY; DISEASE SURVEILLANCE; ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY; ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; EPSILOMETER TEST; GEOGRAPHY; HUMAN; INFECTION CONTROL; MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRESCRIPTION; RIBOTYPING; SWEDEN; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; CLASSIFICATION; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; DRUG EFFECT; GENETICS; HEALTH SURVEY; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; LABORATORY; MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION; MICROBIOLOGY; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS COLITIS;

ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; AZA COMPOUNDS; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; DNA GYRASE; DRUG RESISTANCE, BACTERIAL; ENTEROCOLITIS, PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS; GEOGRAPHY; HUMANS; LABORATORIES; MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TESTS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; POPULATION SURVEILLANCE; PREVALENCE; QUINOLINES; RIBOTYPING; SWEDEN;

EID: 79952640156     PISSN: 1025496X     EISSN: 15607917     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Samore MH. Epidemiology of nosocomial Clostridium difficile infection. Compr Ther. 1993;19(4):151-6.
2. Norén, T, Akerlund T, Bäck E, Sjöberg L, Persson I, Alriksson I, et al., Molecular epidemiology of hospital-associated and community-acquired Clostridium difficile infection in a Swedish county. J Clin Microbiol. 2004;42(8):3635-43.
3. Wullt, M, Burman LG, Laurell MH, Akerlund T. Comparison of AP-PCR typing and PCR-ribotyping for estimation of nosocomial transmission of Clostridium difficile. J Hosp Infect. 2003;55(2):124-30.
4. Svenungsson B, Burman LG, Jalakas-Pörnull K, Lagergren A, Struwe J, Akerlund T. Epidemiology and molecular characterization of Clostridium difficile strains from patients with diarrhea: low disease incidence and evidence of limited cross-infection in a Swedish teaching hospital. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41(9):4031-7.
5. Spigaglia P, Barbanti F, Dionisi AM, Mastrantonio P. Clostridium difficile isolates resistant to fluoroquinolones in Italy: emergence of PCR ribotype 018. J Clin Microbiol. 2010;48(8):2892-6.
6. Pituch H, Brazier JS, Obuch-Woszczatynski P, Wultanska D, Meisel-Mikolajczyk F, Luczak M. Prevalence and association of PCR ribotypes of Clostridium difficile isolated from symptomatic patients from Warsaw with macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) type resistance. J Med Microbiol. 2006;55(Pt 2):207-13.
7. Brazier JS, Raybould R, Patel B, Duckworth G, Pearson A, Charlett A, et al. Distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes in English hospitals, 2007-08. Euro Surveill. 2008;13(41):pii=19000. Available from: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19000
8. Stubbs SL, Brazier JS, O'Neill GL, Duerden BI. PCR targeted to the 16S-23S rRNA gene intergenic spacer region of Clostridium difficile and construction of a library consisting of 116 different PCR ribotypes. J Clin Microbiol. 1999;37(2):461-3.
9. Kleinkauf N, Weiss B, Jansen A, Eckmanns T, Bornhofen B, Küehnen E, et al. Confirmed cases and report of clusters of severe infections due to Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 027 in Germany. Euro Surveill. 2007;12(46):pii=3307. Available from: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=3307
10. Bacci S, St-Martin G, Olesen B, Bruun B, Olsen KE, Nielsen EM, et al. Outbreak of Clostridium difficile 027 in North Zealand, Denmark, 2008-2009. Euro Surveill. 2009;14(16):pii=19183. Available from: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19183
11. Kuijper EJ, Barbut F, Brazier JS, Kleinkauf N, Eckmanns T, Lambert ML, et al. Update of Clostridium difficile infection due to PCR ribotype 027 in Europe, 2008. Euro Surveill. 2008;13(31):pii=18942. Available from: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=18942
12. Fenner L, Frei R, Gregory M, Dangel M, Stranden A, Widmer AF. Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile-associated disease at University Hospital Basel including molecular characterisation of the isolates 2006-2007. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2008.;27(12):1201-7.
13. Lyytikainen O, Mentula S, Könönen E, Kotila S, Tarkka E, Anttila VJ, et al. First isolation of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 027 in Finland. Euro Surveill. 2007;12(11):pii=3303. Available from: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=3303
14. Indra A, Huhulescu S, Fiedler A, Kernbichler S, Blaschitz M, Allerberger F. Outbreak of Clostridium difficile 027 infection in Vienna, Austria 2008-2009. Euro Surveill. 2009;14(17):pii=19186. Available from: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19186
15. Birgand G, Blanckaert K, Carbonne A, Coignard B, Barbut F, Eckert C, et al. Investigation of a large outbreak of Clostridium difficile PCR-ribotype 027 infections in northern France, 2006-2007 and associated clusters in 2008-2009. Euro Surveill. 2010;15(25):pii=19597. Available from: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19597
16. Goorhuis A, Van der Kooi T, Vaessen N, Dekker FW, Van den Berg R, Harmanus C, et al. Spread and epidemiology of Clostridium difficile polymerase chain reaction ribotype 027/toxinotype III in The Netherlands. Clin Infect Dis. 2007.;45(6):695-703.
17. Warny M, Pepin J, Fang A, Killgore G, Thompson A, Brazier J, et al. Toxin production by an emerging strain of Clostridium difficile associated with outbreaks of severe disease in North America and Europe. Lancet. 2005;366(9491):1079-84.
18. The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). Antimicrobial wild type distributions of microorganisms. [Accessed 29 Nov 2010]. Available from: http://217.70.33.99/Eucast2/SearchController/index.jsp;jsessionid=633D0165AB1D02892AF38E91ABCBFC50?action=initAd vanced
19. Bauer MP, Notermans DW, van Benthem BH, Brazier JS, Wilcox MH, Rupnik M, et al.,Clostridium difficile infection in Europe: a hospital-based survey. Lancet. 2011;377(9759):63-73.
20. Freeman J, Bauer MP, Baines SD, Corver J, Fawley WN, Goorhuis B, et al. The changing epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infections. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2010;23(3):529-49.
21. Clements AC, Magalhães RJ, Tatem AJ, Paterson DL, Riley T V. Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 027: assessing the risks of further worldwide spread. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010;10(6):395-404.
22. Kuijper EJ, van den Berg RJ, Debast S, Visser CE, Veenendaal D, Troelstra A, et al. Clostridium difficile ribotype 027, toxinotype III, the Netherlands. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12(5):827-30.
23. Akerlund T, Persson I, Unemo M, Norén T, Svenungsson B, Wullt M, et al. Increased sporulation rate of epidemic Clostridium difficile Type 027/NAP1. J Clin Microbiol. 2008;46(4):1530-3.
24. Keel K, Brazier JS, Post KW, Weese S, Songer JG.Prevalence of PCR ribotypes among Clostridium difficile isolates from pigs, calves, and other species. J Clin Microbiol. 2007;45(6):1963-4.
25. Debast SB, van Leengoed LA, Goorhuis A, Harmanus C, Kuijper EJ, Bergwerff AA. Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 078 toxinotype V found in diarrhoeal pigs identical to isolates from affected humans. Environ Microbiol. 2009;11(2):505-11.
26. Goorhuis A, Bakker D, Corver J, Debast SB, Harmanus C, Notermans DW, et al. Emergence of Clostridium difficile infection due to a new hypervirulent strain, polymerase chain reaction ribotype 078. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;47(9):1162-70.
27. Taori SK, Hall V, Poxton IR. Changes in antibiotic susceptibility and ribotypes in Clostridium difficile isolates from southern Scotland, 1979-2004. J Med Microbiol. 2010;59(Pt 3):338-44.
28. Borgmann, S., Kist M, Jakobiak T, Reil M, Scholz E, von Eichel-Streiber C, et al. Increased number of Clostridium difficile infections and prevalence of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 001 in southern Germany. Euro Surveill, 2008. 13(49):pii=19057. Available from: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19057
29. Brazier JS. Typing of Clostridium difficile. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2001;7(8):428-31.
30. van den Berg RJ, Claas EC, Oyib DH, Klaassen CH, Dijkshoorn L, Brazier JS, et al. Characterization of toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive Clostridium difficile isolates from outbreaks in different countries by amplified fragment length polymorphism and PCR ribotyping. J Clin Microbiol. 2004;42(3):1035-41.
31. Ilchmann C, Zaiss NH, Speicher A, Christner M, Ackermann G, Rohde H. Comparison of resistance against erythromycin and moxifloxacin, presence of binary toxin gene and PCR ribotypes in Clostridium difficile isolates from 1990 and 2008. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010;29(12):1571-3.
32. Norén T, Alriksson I, Akerlund T, Burman LG, Unemo M, et al. In vitro susceptibility to 17 antimicrobials of clinical Clostridium difficile isolates collected in 1993-2007 in Sweden. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2010;16(8):1104-10.
33. Terhes G, Urbán E, Sóki J, Szikra L, Konkoly-Thege M, Vollain M, et al. Assessment of changes in the epidemiology of Clostridium difficile isolated from diarrheal patients in Hungary. Anaerobe. 2009;15(6):237-40.
34. Biller P, Shank B, Lind L, Brennan M, Tkatch L, Killgore G, et al. Moxifloxacin therapy as a risk factor for Clostridium difficile-associated disease during an outbreak: attempts to control a new epidemic strain. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2007;28(2):198-201.
35. Deshpande A, Pant C, Jain A, Fraser TG, Rolston DD. Do fluoroquinolones predispose patients to Clostridium difficile associated disease? A review of the evidence. Curr Med Res Opin. 2008;24(2):329-33.
36. Dhalla IA, Mamdani MM, Simor AE, Kopp A, Rochon PA, Juurlink DN. Are broad-spectrum fluoroquinolones more likely to cause Clostridium difficile-associated disease? Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006;50(9):3216-9.
37. Novell MJ, Morreale CA. The relationship between inpatient fluoroquinolone use and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea. Ann Pharmacother. 2010;44(5):826-31.
38. Bruns AH, Oosterheert JJ, Kuijper EJ, Lammers JW, Thijsen S, Troelstra A, et al. Impact of different empirical antibiotic treatment regimens for community-acquired pneumonia on the emergence of Clostridium difficile. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010;65(11):2464-71.