메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 182-192

The origin and diversity of the HIV-1 pandemic

Author keywords

CRF; Diversity; Evolution; HIV; Phylogeny; Recombination; Subtype; Vaccine; Zoonosis

Indexed keywords

ANTI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AGENT; HLA B27 ANTIGEN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS VACCINE; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; VIRUS ANTIGEN; VIRUS RNA;

EID: 84858081250     PISSN: 14714914     EISSN: 1471499X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2011.12.001     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (314)

References (113)
  • 1
    • 0019782357 scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and mucosal candidiasis in previously healthy homosexual men: evidence of a new acquired cellular immunodeficiency
    • Gottlieb M.S., et al. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and mucosal candidiasis in previously healthy homosexual men: evidence of a new acquired cellular immunodeficiency. N. Engl. J. Med. 1981, 305:1425-1431.
    • (1981) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.305 , pp. 1425-1431
    • Gottlieb, M.S.1
  • 2
    • 0020596551 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of a T-lymphotropic retrovirus from a patient at risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
    • Barre-Sinoussi F., et al. Isolation of a T-lymphotropic retrovirus from a patient at risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Science 1983, 220:868-871.
    • (1983) Science , vol.220 , pp. 868-871
    • Barre-Sinoussi, F.1
  • 3
    • 84858075995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UNAIDS. Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic 2010, Geneva
    • UNAIDS. Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic 2010, Geneva, 2010.
    • (2010)
  • 4
    • 0034723385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AIDS as a zoonosis: scientific and public health implications
    • Hahn B.H., et al. AIDS as a zoonosis: scientific and public health implications. Science 2000, 287:607-614.
    • (2000) Science , vol.287 , pp. 607-614
    • Hahn, B.H.1
  • 5
    • 77951092393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extensive survey on the prevalence and genetic diversity of SIVs in primate bushmeat provides insights into risks for potential new cross-species transmissions
    • Aghokeng A.F., et al. Extensive survey on the prevalence and genetic diversity of SIVs in primate bushmeat provides insights into risks for potential new cross-species transmissions. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2010, 10:386-396.
    • (2010) Infect. Genet. Evol. , vol.10 , pp. 386-396
    • Aghokeng, A.F.1
  • 6
    • 0031695516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a new human immunodeficiency virus type 1 distinct from group M and group O
    • Simon F., et al. Identification of a new human immunodeficiency virus type 1 distinct from group M and group O. Nat. Med. 1998, 4:1032-1037.
    • (1998) Nat. Med. , vol.4 , pp. 1032-1037
    • Simon, F.1
  • 7
    • 3142692401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic characteristics of three new HIV-1N strains and implications for the origin of group N
    • Roques P., et al. Phylogenetic characteristics of three new HIV-1N strains and implications for the origin of group N. AIDS 2004, 18:1371-1381.
    • (2004) AIDS , vol.18 , pp. 1371-1381
    • Roques, P.1
  • 8
    • 68349125395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new human immunodeficiency virus derived from gorillas
    • Plantier J.C., et al. A new human immunodeficiency virus derived from gorillas. Nat. Med. 2009, 15:871-872.
    • (2009) Nat. Med. , vol.15 , pp. 871-872
    • Plantier, J.C.1
  • 9
    • 0035344891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 group O infection in Cameroon, 1986 to 1998
    • Ayouba A., et al. HIV-1 group O infection in Cameroon, 1986 to 1998. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2001, 7:466-467.
    • (2001) Emerg. Infect. Dis. , vol.7 , pp. 466-467
    • Ayouba, A.1
  • 10
    • 78651387208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Confirmation of putative HIV-1 group P in Cameroon
    • Vallari A., et al. Confirmation of putative HIV-1 group P in Cameroon. J. Virol. 2011, 85:1403-1407.
    • (2011) J. Virol. , vol.85 , pp. 1403-1407
    • Vallari, A.1
  • 11
    • 0033521911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin of HIV-1 in the chimpanzee Pan troglodytes troglodytes
    • Gao F., et al. Origin of HIV-1 in the chimpanzee Pan troglodytes troglodytes. Nature 1999, 397:436-441.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.397 , pp. 436-441
    • Gao, F.1
  • 12
    • 33745059199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chimpanzee reservoirs of pandemic and nonpandemic HIV-1
    • Keele B.F., et al. Chimpanzee reservoirs of pandemic and nonpandemic HIV-1. Science 2006, 313:523-526.
    • (2006) Science , vol.313 , pp. 523-526
    • Keele, B.F.1
  • 13
    • 0038047665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hybrid origin of SIV in chimpanzees
    • Bailes E., et al. Hybrid origin of SIV in chimpanzees. Science 2003, 300:1713.
    • (2003) Science , vol.300 , pp. 1713
    • Bailes, E.1
  • 14
    • 76449107592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Four new HIV-1 group N isolates from Cameroon: prevalence continues to be low
    • Vallari A., et al. Four new HIV-1 group N isolates from Cameroon: prevalence continues to be low. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 2010, 26:109-115.
    • (2010) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses , vol.26 , pp. 109-115
    • Vallari, A.1
  • 15
    • 33750855853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency viruses: SIV infection in wild gorillas
    • Van Heuverswyn F., et al. Human immunodeficiency viruses: SIV infection in wild gorillas. Nature 2006, 444:164.
    • (2006) Nature , vol.444 , pp. 164
    • Van Heuverswyn, F.1
  • 16
    • 59649092363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin and biology of simian immunodeficiency virus in wild-living western gorillas
    • Takehisa J., et al. Origin and biology of simian immunodeficiency virus in wild-living western gorillas. J. Virol. 2009, 83:1635-1648.
    • (2009) J. Virol. , vol.83 , pp. 1635-1648
    • Takehisa, J.1
  • 17
    • 74049090141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and monitoring of HIV-1 group O-infected patients in Cameroun
    • Vessiere A., et al. Diagnosis and monitoring of HIV-1 group O-infected patients in Cameroun. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 2010, 53:107-110.
    • (2010) J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. , vol.53 , pp. 107-110
    • Vessiere, A.1
  • 18
    • 0032484908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An African HIV-1 sequence from 1959 and implications for the origin of the epidemic
    • Zhu T., et al. An African HIV-1 sequence from 1959 and implications for the origin of the epidemic. Nature 1998, 391:594-597.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.391 , pp. 594-597
    • Zhu, T.1
  • 19
    • 53349127137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct evidence of extensive diversity of HIV-1 in Kinshasa by 1960
    • Worobey M., et al. Direct evidence of extensive diversity of HIV-1 in Kinshasa by 1960. Nature 2008, 455:661-664.
    • (2008) Nature , vol.455 , pp. 661-664
    • Worobey, M.1
  • 20
    • 0034625771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing the ancestor of the HIV-1 pandemic strains
    • Korber B., et al. Timing the ancestor of the HIV-1 pandemic strains. Science 2000, 288:1789-1796.
    • (2000) Science , vol.288 , pp. 1789-1796
    • Korber, B.1
  • 21
    • 67049119333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dating the age of the SIV lineages that gave rise to HIV-1 and HIV-2
    • Wertheim J.O., Worobey M. Dating the age of the SIV lineages that gave rise to HIV-1 and HIV-2. PLoS Comput. Biol. 2009, 5:e1000377.
    • (2009) PLoS Comput. Biol. , vol.5
    • Wertheim, J.O.1    Worobey, M.2
  • 22
    • 3843100510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular population genetics of HIV-1 group O
    • Lemey P., et al. The molecular population genetics of HIV-1 group O. Genetics 2004, 167:1059-1068.
    • (2004) Genetics , vol.167 , pp. 1059-1068
    • Lemey, P.1
  • 23
    • 77958182786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune evasion and counteraction of restriction factors by HIV-1 and other primate lentiviruses
    • Kirchhoff F. Immune evasion and counteraction of restriction factors by HIV-1 and other primate lentiviruses. Cell Host Microbe 2010, 8:55-67.
    • (2010) Cell Host Microbe , vol.8 , pp. 55-67
    • Kirchhoff, F.1
  • 24
    • 0024273119 scopus 로고
    • The accuracy of reverse transcriptase from HIV-1
    • Roberts J.D., et al. The accuracy of reverse transcriptase from HIV-1. Science 1988, 242:1171-1173.
    • (1988) Science , vol.242 , pp. 1171-1173
    • Roberts, J.D.1
  • 25
    • 0028874048 scopus 로고
    • Rapid turnover of plasma virions and CD4 lymphocytes in HIV-1 infection
    • Ho D.D., et al. Rapid turnover of plasma virions and CD4 lymphocytes in HIV-1 infection. Nature 1995, 373:123-126.
    • (1995) Nature , vol.373 , pp. 123-126
    • Ho, D.D.1
  • 26
    • 0035162494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary and immunological implications of contemporary HIV-1 variation
    • Korber B., et al. Evolutionary and immunological implications of contemporary HIV-1 variation. Br. Med. Bull. 2001, 58:19-42.
    • (2001) Br. Med. Bull. , vol.58 , pp. 19-42
    • Korber, B.1
  • 27
    • 44649102135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of transmitted and early founder virus envelopes in primary HIV-1 infection
    • Keele B.F., et al. Identification and characterization of transmitted and early founder virus envelopes in primary HIV-1 infection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2008, 105:7552-7557.
    • (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.105 , pp. 7552-7557
    • Keele, B.F.1
  • 28
    • 64049089430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitating the multiplicity of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C reveals a non-Poisson distribution of transmitted variants
    • Abrahams M.R., et al. Quantitating the multiplicity of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C reveals a non-Poisson distribution of transmitted variants. J. Virol. 2009, 83:3556-3567.
    • (2009) J. Virol. , vol.83 , pp. 3556-3567
    • Abrahams, M.R.1
  • 29
    • 59249096215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory genital infections mitigate a severe genetic bottleneck in heterosexual transmission of subtype A and C HIV-1
    • Haaland R.E., et al. Inflammatory genital infections mitigate a severe genetic bottleneck in heterosexual transmission of subtype A and C HIV-1. PLoS Pathog. 2009, 5:e1000274.
    • (2009) PLoS Pathog. , vol.5
    • Haaland, R.E.1
  • 30
    • 77954051000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High multiplicity infection by HIV-1 in men who have sex with men
    • Li H., et al. High multiplicity infection by HIV-1 in men who have sex with men. PLoS Pathog. 2010, 6:e1000890.
    • (2010) PLoS Pathog. , vol.6
    • Li, H.1
  • 31
    • 77952678708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wide variation in the multiplicity of HIV-1 infection among injection drug users
    • Bar K.J., et al. Wide variation in the multiplicity of HIV-1 infection among injection drug users. J. Virol. 2010, 84:6241-6247.
    • (2010) J. Virol. , vol.84 , pp. 6241-6247
    • Bar, K.J.1
  • 32
    • 1642369382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of modifiable factors that affect the genetic diversity of the transmitted HIV-1 population
    • Sagar M., et al. Identification of modifiable factors that affect the genetic diversity of the transmitted HIV-1 population. AIDS 2004, 18:615-619.
    • (2004) AIDS , vol.18 , pp. 615-619
    • Sagar, M.1
  • 33
    • 0035953538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus. Phylogeny and the origin of HIV-1
    • Rambaut A., et al. Human immunodeficiency virus. Phylogeny and the origin of HIV-1. Nature 2001, 410:1047-1048.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.410 , pp. 1047-1048
    • Rambaut, A.1
  • 34
    • 72849114288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying differences in the tempo of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype evolution
    • Abecasis A.B., et al. Quantifying differences in the tempo of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype evolution. J. Virol. 2009, 83:12917-12924.
    • (2009) J. Virol. , vol.83 , pp. 12917-12924
    • Abecasis, A.B.1
  • 35
    • 0036204530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of HIV type 1 group O isolates: identification of five phylogenetic clusters
    • Yamaguchi J., et al. Evaluation of HIV type 1 group O isolates: identification of five phylogenetic clusters. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 2002, 18:269-282.
    • (2002) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses , vol.18 , pp. 269-282
    • Yamaguchi, J.1
  • 36
    • 5644287537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV infections in northwestern Cameroon: identification of HIV type 1 group O and dual HIV type 1 group M and group O infections
    • Yamaguchi J., et al. HIV infections in northwestern Cameroon: identification of HIV type 1 group O and dual HIV type 1 group M and group O infections. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 2004, 20:944-957.
    • (2004) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses , vol.20 , pp. 944-957
    • Yamaguchi, J.1
  • 37
    • 64249083706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High frequency of HIV-1 dual infections among HIV-positive individuals in Cameroon, West Central Africa
    • Powell R.L., et al. High frequency of HIV-1 dual infections among HIV-positive individuals in Cameroon, West Central Africa. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 2009, 50:84-92.
    • (2009) J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. , vol.50 , pp. 84-92
    • Powell, R.L.1
  • 38
    • 37349012862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic HIV-1 infection frequently fails to protect against superinfection
    • Piantadosi A., et al. Chronic HIV-1 infection frequently fails to protect against superinfection. PLoS Pathog. 2007, 3:e177.
    • (2007) PLoS Pathog. , vol.3
    • Piantadosi, A.1
  • 39
    • 4644300726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of HIV-1 dual infection and its association with increased viral load set point in a cohort of HIV-1 subtype C-infected female sex workers
    • Grobler J., et al. Incidence of HIV-1 dual infection and its association with increased viral load set point in a cohort of HIV-1 subtype C-infected female sex workers. J. Infect. Dis. 2004, 190:1355-1359.
    • (2004) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.190 , pp. 1355-1359
    • Grobler, J.1
  • 40
    • 10744233573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dual HIV-1 infection associated with rapid disease progression
    • Gottlieb G.S., et al. Dual HIV-1 infection associated with rapid disease progression. Lancet 2004, 363:619-622.
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.363 , pp. 619-622
    • Gottlieb, G.S.1
  • 41
    • 0032865615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a highly replicative intergroup M/O human immunodeficiency virus type 1 recombinant isolated from a Cameroonian patient
    • Peeters M., et al. Characterization of a highly replicative intergroup M/O human immunodeficiency virus type 1 recombinant isolated from a Cameroonian patient. J. Virol. 1999, 73:7368-7375.
    • (1999) J. Virol. , vol.73 , pp. 7368-7375
    • Peeters, M.1
  • 42
    • 34247647904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extensive intrasubtype recombination in South African human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C infections
    • Rousseau C.M., et al. Extensive intrasubtype recombination in South African human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C infections. J. Virol. 2007, 81:4492-4500.
    • (2007) J. Virol. , vol.81 , pp. 4492-4500
    • Rousseau, C.M.1
  • 43
    • 0034615972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 nomenclature proposal
    • Robertson D.L., et al. HIV-1 nomenclature proposal. Science 2000, 288:55-56.
    • (2000) Science , vol.288 , pp. 55-56
    • Robertson, D.L.1
  • 44
    • 39549095793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of an old complex circulating recombinant form, CRF27_cpx, originating from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and circulating in France
    • Vidal N., et al. Characterization of an old complex circulating recombinant form, CRF27_cpx, originating from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and circulating in France. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 2008, 24:315-321.
    • (2008) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses , vol.24 , pp. 315-321
    • Vidal, N.1
  • 45
    • 23044497400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a novel HIV-1 complex circulating recombinant form (CRF18_cpx) of Central African origin in Cuba
    • Thomson M.M., et al. Identification of a novel HIV-1 complex circulating recombinant form (CRF18_cpx) of Central African origin in Cuba. AIDS 2005, 19:1155-1163.
    • (2005) AIDS , vol.19 , pp. 1155-1163
    • Thomson, M.M.1
  • 46
    • 0033766134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing the hypothesis of a recombinant origin of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype E
    • Anderson J.P., et al. Testing the hypothesis of a recombinant origin of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype E. J. Virol. 2000, 74:10752-10765.
    • (2000) J. Virol. , vol.74 , pp. 10752-10765
    • Anderson, J.P.1
  • 47
    • 33749030162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity of HIV in rural Burkina Faso
    • Tebit D.M., et al. Diversity of HIV in rural Burkina Faso. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 2006, 43:144-152.
    • (2006) J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. , vol.43 , pp. 144-152
    • Tebit, D.M.1
  • 48
    • 68649116970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic characterization of HIV-1 strains in Togo reveals a high genetic complexity and genotypic drug-resistance mutations in ARV naive patients
    • Yaotse D.A., et al. Genetic characterization of HIV-1 strains in Togo reveals a high genetic complexity and genotypic drug-resistance mutations in ARV naive patients. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2009, 9:646-652.
    • (2009) Infect. Genet. Evol. , vol.9 , pp. 646-652
    • Yaotse, D.A.1
  • 49
    • 50949104038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of unique recombinant forms of HIV-1 in Ghana: molecular epidemiology from an antiretroviral resistance study
    • Delgado E., et al. High prevalence of unique recombinant forms of HIV-1 in Ghana: molecular epidemiology from an antiretroviral resistance study. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 2008, 48:599-606.
    • (2008) J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. , vol.48 , pp. 599-606
    • Delgado, E.1
  • 50
    • 57649112721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of diverse HIV-1 strains was stable in Cameroonian blood donors from 1996 to 2004
    • Brennan C.A., et al. The prevalence of diverse HIV-1 strains was stable in Cameroonian blood donors from 1996 to 2004. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 2008, 49:432-439.
    • (2008) J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. , vol.49 , pp. 432-439
    • Brennan, C.A.1
  • 51
    • 0033755804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unprecedented degree of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) group M genetic diversity in the Democratic Republic of Congo suggests that the HIV-1 pandemic originated in Central Africa
    • Vidal N., et al. Unprecedented degree of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) group M genetic diversity in the Democratic Republic of Congo suggests that the HIV-1 pandemic originated in Central Africa. J. Virol. 2000, 74:10498-10507.
    • (2000) J. Virol. , vol.74 , pp. 10498-10507
    • Vidal, N.1
  • 52
    • 34547761762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombination confounds the early evolutionary history of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: subtype G is a circulating recombinant form
    • Abecasis A.B., et al. Recombination confounds the early evolutionary history of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: subtype G is a circulating recombinant form. J. Virol. 2007, 81:8543-8551.
    • (2007) J. Virol. , vol.81 , pp. 8543-8551
    • Abecasis, A.B.1
  • 53
    • 65949117838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identifying recombinants in human and primate immunodeficiency virus sequence alignments using quartet scanning
    • Lemey P., et al. Identifying recombinants in human and primate immunodeficiency virus sequence alignments using quartet scanning. BMC Bioinformatics 2009, 10:126.
    • (2009) BMC Bioinformatics , vol.10 , pp. 126
    • Lemey, P.1
  • 54
    • 77953890013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV classification using the coalescent theory
    • Bulla I., et al. HIV classification using the coalescent theory. Bioinformatics 2010, 26:1409-1415.
    • (2010) Bioinformatics , vol.26 , pp. 1409-1415
    • Bulla, I.1
  • 55
    • 79952414942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global trends in molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 during 2000-2007
    • Hemelaar J., et al. Global trends in molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 during 2000-2007. AIDS 2011, 25:679-689.
    • (2011) AIDS , vol.25 , pp. 679-689
    • Hemelaar, J.1
  • 56
    • 45749119998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes in Kagera and Kilimanjaro regions, Tanzania
    • Nyombi B.M., et al. Diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes in Kagera and Kilimanjaro regions, Tanzania. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 2008, 24:761-769.
    • (2008) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses , vol.24 , pp. 761-769
    • Nyombi, B.M.1
  • 57
    • 6344241308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of near full-length genome sequences of HIV type 1 BF intersubtype recombinant viruses from Brazil reveals their independent origins and their lack of relationship to CRF12_BF
    • Thomson M.M., et al. Analysis of near full-length genome sequences of HIV type 1 BF intersubtype recombinant viruses from Brazil reveals their independent origins and their lack of relationship to CRF12_BF. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 2004, 20:1126-1133.
    • (2004) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses , vol.20 , pp. 1126-1133
    • Thomson, M.M.1
  • 58
    • 33748743977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV type 1 molecular epidemiology in Cuba: high genetic diversity, frequent mosaicism, and recent expansion of BG intersubtype recombinant forms
    • Perez L., et al. HIV type 1 molecular epidemiology in Cuba: high genetic diversity, frequent mosaicism, and recent expansion of BG intersubtype recombinant forms. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 2006, 22:724-733.
    • (2006) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses , vol.22 , pp. 724-733
    • Perez, L.1
  • 59
    • 0037024760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On-going generation of multiple forms of HIV-1 intersubtype recombinants in the Yunnan Province of China
    • Yang R., et al. On-going generation of multiple forms of HIV-1 intersubtype recombinants in the Yunnan Province of China. AIDS 2002, 16:1401-1407.
    • (2002) AIDS , vol.16 , pp. 1401-1407
    • Yang, R.1
  • 60
    • 15744399800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergence of HIV-1 CRF01_AE/B unique recombinant forms in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    • Tee K.K., et al. Emergence of HIV-1 CRF01_AE/B unique recombinant forms in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. AIDS 2005, 19:119-126.
    • (2005) AIDS , vol.19 , pp. 119-126
    • Tee, K.K.1
  • 61
    • 3042826110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant viruses and early global HIV-1 epidemic
    • Kalish M.L., et al. Recombinant viruses and early global HIV-1 epidemic. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2004, 10:1227-1234.
    • (2004) Emerg. Infect. Dis. , vol.10 , pp. 1227-1234
    • Kalish, M.L.1
  • 62
    • 7144256523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of stable HIV seroprevalences in selected populations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
    • Mulanga-Kabeya C., et al. Evidence of stable HIV seroprevalences in selected populations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. AIDS 1998, 12:905-910.
    • (1998) AIDS , vol.12 , pp. 905-910
    • Mulanga-Kabeya, C.1
  • 63
    • 70249113753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial phylodynamics of HIV-1 epidemic emergence in east Africa
    • Gray R.R., et al. Spatial phylodynamics of HIV-1 epidemic emergence in east Africa. AIDS 2009, 23:F9-F17.
    • (2009) AIDS , vol.23
    • Gray, R.R.1
  • 64
    • 0036569329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 envelope subtypes A and D on disease progression in a large cohort of HIV-1-positive persons in Uganda
    • Kaleebu P., et al. Effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 envelope subtypes A and D on disease progression in a large cohort of HIV-1-positive persons in Uganda. J. Infect. Dis. 2002, 185:1244-1250.
    • (2002) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.185 , pp. 1244-1250
    • Kaleebu, P.1
  • 65
    • 40549121269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype on disease progression in persons from Rakai, Uganda, with incident HIV-1 infection
    • Kiwanuka N., et al. Effect of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype on disease progression in persons from Rakai, Uganda, with incident HIV-1 infection. J. Infect. Dis. 2008, 197:707-713.
    • (2008) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.197 , pp. 707-713
    • Kiwanuka, N.1
  • 66
    • 36348957300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival of HIV-infected treatment-naive individuals with documented dates of seroconversion in Rakai, Uganda
    • Lutalo T., et al. Survival of HIV-infected treatment-naive individuals with documented dates of seroconversion in Rakai, Uganda. AIDS 2007, 21(Suppl. 6):S15-S19.
    • (2007) AIDS , vol.21 , Issue.SUPPL. 6
    • Lutalo, T.1
  • 67
    • 34047207715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 subtype D infection is associated with faster disease progression than subtype A in spite of similar plasma HIV-1 loads
    • Baeten J.M., et al. HIV-1 subtype D infection is associated with faster disease progression than subtype A in spite of similar plasma HIV-1 loads. J. Infect. Dis. 2007, 195:1177-1180.
    • (2007) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.195 , pp. 1177-1180
    • Baeten, J.M.1
  • 68
    • 33644840404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different rates of disease progression of HIV type 1 infection in Tanzania based on infecting subtype
    • Vasan A., et al. Different rates of disease progression of HIV type 1 infection in Tanzania based on infecting subtype. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2006, 42:843-852.
    • (2006) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.42 , pp. 843-852
    • Vasan, A.1
  • 69
    • 77953062237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 viral subtype differences in the rate of CD4+ T-cell decline among HIV seroincident antiretroviral naive persons in Rakai district, Uganda
    • Kiwanuka N., et al. HIV-1 viral subtype differences in the rate of CD4+ T-cell decline among HIV seroincident antiretroviral naive persons in Rakai district, Uganda. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 2010, 54:180-184.
    • (2010) J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. , vol.54 , pp. 180-184
    • Kiwanuka, N.1
  • 70
    • 77953372117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of HIV-1 viral subtype on disease progression and response to antiretroviral therapy
    • Easterbrook P.J., et al. Impact of HIV-1 viral subtype on disease progression and response to antiretroviral therapy. J. Int. AIDS Soc. 2010, 13:4.
    • (2010) J. Int. AIDS Soc. , vol.13 , pp. 4
    • Easterbrook, P.J.1
  • 71
    • 70149091300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV subtype D is associated with dementia, compared with subtype A, in immunosuppressed individuals at risk of cognitive impairment in Kampala, Uganda
    • Sacktor N., et al. HIV subtype D is associated with dementia, compared with subtype A, in immunosuppressed individuals at risk of cognitive impairment in Kampala, Uganda. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2009, 49:780-786.
    • (2009) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.49 , pp. 780-786
    • Sacktor, N.1
  • 72
    • 72949117881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 subtypes and differences in heterosexual HIV transmission among HIV-discordant couples in Rakai, Uganda
    • Kiwanuka N., et al. HIV-1 subtypes and differences in heterosexual HIV transmission among HIV-discordant couples in Rakai, Uganda. AIDS 2009, 23:2479-2484.
    • (2009) AIDS , vol.23 , pp. 2479-2484
    • Kiwanuka, N.1
  • 73
    • 30344438528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No evidence for rapid subtype C spread within an epidemic in which multiple subtypes and intersubtype recombinants circulate
    • Rainwater S., et al. No evidence for rapid subtype C spread within an epidemic in which multiple subtypes and intersubtype recombinants circulate. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 2005, 21:1060-1065.
    • (2005) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses , vol.21 , pp. 1060-1065
    • Rainwater, S.1
  • 74
    • 77958167072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the distribution of HIV type 1 subtypes D and A in Rakai District, Uganda between 1994 and 2002
    • Conroy S.A., et al. Changes in the distribution of HIV type 1 subtypes D and A in Rakai District, Uganda between 1994 and 2002. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 2010, 26:1087-1091.
    • (2010) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses , vol.26 , pp. 1087-1091
    • Conroy, S.A.1
  • 75
    • 70450164403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inaccurate diagnosis of HIV-1 group M and O is a key challenge for ongoing universal access to antiretroviral treatment and HIV prevention in Cameroon
    • Aghokeng A.F., et al. Inaccurate diagnosis of HIV-1 group M and O is a key challenge for ongoing universal access to antiretroviral treatment and HIV prevention in Cameroon. PLoS ONE 2009, 4:e7702.
    • (2009) PLoS ONE , vol.4
    • Aghokeng, A.F.1
  • 76
    • 73249148437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the generic HIV viral load assay with the Amplicor HIV-1 monitor v1.5 and Nuclisens HIV-1 EasyQ v1.2 techniques for plasma HIV-1 RNA quantitation of non-B subtypes: the Kesho Bora preparatory study
    • Rouet F., et al. Comparison of the generic HIV viral load assay with the Amplicor HIV-1 monitor v1.5 and Nuclisens HIV-1 EasyQ v1.2 techniques for plasma HIV-1 RNA quantitation of non-B subtypes: the Kesho Bora preparatory study. J. Virol. Methods 2010, 163:253-257.
    • (2010) J. Virol. Methods , vol.163 , pp. 253-257
    • Rouet, F.1
  • 77
    • 33750519867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of HIV-1 pol diversity on drug resistance and its clinical implications
    • Kantor R. Impact of HIV-1 pol diversity on drug resistance and its clinical implications. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 2006, 19:594-606.
    • (2006) Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. , vol.19 , pp. 594-606
    • Kantor, R.1
  • 78
    • 19344373478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of HIV-1 subtype and antiretroviral therapy on protease and reverse transcriptase genotype: results of a global collaboration
    • Kantor R., et al. Impact of HIV-1 subtype and antiretroviral therapy on protease and reverse transcriptase genotype: results of a global collaboration. PLoS Med. 2005, 2:e112.
    • (2005) PLoS Med. , vol.2
    • Kantor, R.1
  • 79
    • 65549168625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are all subtypes created equal? The effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy against non-subtype B HIV-1
    • Kosakovsky Pond S.L., Smith D.M. Are all subtypes created equal? The effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy against non-subtype B HIV-1. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2009, 48:1306-1309.
    • (2009) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.48 , pp. 1306-1309
    • Kosakovsky Pond, S.L.1    Smith, D.M.2
  • 80
    • 72949117233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The immune response during acute HIV-1 infection: clues for vaccine development
    • McMichael A.J., et al. The immune response during acute HIV-1 infection: clues for vaccine development. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2010, 10:11-23.
    • (2010) Nat. Rev. Immunol. , vol.10 , pp. 11-23
    • McMichael, A.J.1
  • 81
    • 63949087100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptation of HIV-1 to human leukocyte antigen class I
    • Kawashima Y., et al. Adaptation of HIV-1 to human leukocyte antigen class I. Nature 2009, 458:641-645.
    • (2009) Nature , vol.458 , pp. 641-645
    • Kawashima, Y.1
  • 82
    • 66149101542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HLA footprints on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 are associated with interclade polymorphisms and intraclade phylogenetic clustering
    • Matthews P.C., et al. HLA footprints on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 are associated with interclade polymorphisms and intraclade phylogenetic clustering. J. Virol. 2009, 83:4605-4615.
    • (2009) J. Virol. , vol.83 , pp. 4605-4615
    • Matthews, P.C.1
  • 83
    • 79961138654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 adaptation to NK-cell-mediated immune pressure
    • Alter G., et al. HIV-1 adaptation to NK-cell-mediated immune pressure. Nature 2011, 476:96-100.
    • (2011) Nature , vol.476 , pp. 96-100
    • Alter, G.1
  • 84
    • 77956425857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptation of HIV-1 envelope gp120 to humoral immunity at a population level
    • Bunnik E.M., et al. Adaptation of HIV-1 envelope gp120 to humoral immunity at a population level. Nat. Med. 2010, 16:995-997.
    • (2010) Nat. Med. , vol.16 , pp. 995-997
    • Bunnik, E.M.1
  • 85
    • 0037456827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibody neutralization and escape by HIV-1
    • Wei X., et al. Antibody neutralization and escape by HIV-1. Nature 2003, 422:307-312.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.422 , pp. 307-312
    • Wei, X.1
  • 86
    • 43249120051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-clade neutralization patterns among HIV-1 strains from the six major clades of the pandemic evaluated and compared in two different models
    • Brown B.K., et al. Cross-clade neutralization patterns among HIV-1 strains from the six major clades of the pandemic evaluated and compared in two different models. Virology 2008, 375:529-538.
    • (2008) Virology , vol.375 , pp. 529-538
    • Brown, B.K.1
  • 87
    • 80052925616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence and structural convergence of broad and potent HIV antibodies that mimic CD4 binding
    • Scheid J.F., et al. Sequence and structural convergence of broad and potent HIV antibodies that mimic CD4 binding. Science 2011, 333:1633-1637.
    • (2011) Science , vol.333 , pp. 1633-1637
    • Scheid, J.F.1
  • 88
    • 67449147145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The first T cell response to transmitted/founder virus contributes to the control of acute viremia in HIV-1 infection
    • Goonetilleke N., et al. The first T cell response to transmitted/founder virus contributes to the control of acute viremia in HIV-1 infection. J. Exp. Med. 2009, 206:1253-1272.
    • (2009) J. Exp. Med. , vol.206 , pp. 1253-1272
    • Goonetilleke, N.1
  • 89
    • 10744220613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of high frequencies of HIV-1 cross-subtype reactive CD8 T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of HIV-1-infected Kenyans
    • Currier J.R., et al. Detection of high frequencies of HIV-1 cross-subtype reactive CD8 T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of HIV-1-infected Kenyans. AIDS 2003, 17:2149-2157.
    • (2003) AIDS , vol.17 , pp. 2149-2157
    • Currier, J.R.1
  • 90
    • 0037189323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity considerations in HIV-1 vaccine selection
    • Gaschen B., et al. Diversity considerations in HIV-1 vaccine selection. Science 2002, 296:2354-2360.
    • (2002) Science , vol.296 , pp. 2354-2360
    • Gaschen, B.1
  • 91
    • 73349094086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaccination with ALVAC and AIDSVAX to prevent HIV-1 infection in Thailand
    • Rerks-Ngarm S., et al. Vaccination with ALVAC and AIDSVAX to prevent HIV-1 infection in Thailand. N. Engl. J. Med. 2009, 361:2209-2220.
    • (2009) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.361 , pp. 2209-2220
    • Rerks-Ngarm, S.1
  • 92
    • 33845433434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled efficacy trial of a bivalent recombinant glycoprotein 120 HIV-1 vaccine among injection drug users in Bangkok, Thailand
    • Pitisuttithum P., et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled efficacy trial of a bivalent recombinant glycoprotein 120 HIV-1 vaccine among injection drug users in Bangkok, Thailand. J. Infect. Dis. 2006, 194:1661-1671.
    • (2006) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.194 , pp. 1661-1671
    • Pitisuttithum, P.1
  • 93
    • 56649105122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy assessment of a cell-mediated immunity HIV-1 vaccine (the Step study): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, test-of-concept trial
    • Buchbinder S.P., et al. Efficacy assessment of a cell-mediated immunity HIV-1 vaccine (the Step study): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, test-of-concept trial. Lancet 2008, 372:1881-1893.
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , pp. 1881-1893
    • Buchbinder, S.P.1
  • 94
    • 41549136952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design and pre-clinical evaluation of a universal HIV-1 vaccine
    • Letourneau S., et al. Design and pre-clinical evaluation of a universal HIV-1 vaccine. PLoS ONE 2007, 2:e984.
    • (2007) PLoS ONE , vol.2
    • Letourneau, S.1
  • 95
    • 77949263061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mosaic HIV-1 vaccines expand the breadth and depth of cellular immune responses in rhesus monkeys
    • Barouch D.H., et al. Mosaic HIV-1 vaccines expand the breadth and depth of cellular immune responses in rhesus monkeys. Nat. Med. 2010, 16:319-323.
    • (2010) Nat. Med. , vol.16 , pp. 319-323
    • Barouch, D.H.1
  • 96
    • 77949264937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mosaic vaccines elicit CD8+ T lymphocyte responses that confer enhanced immune coverage of diverse HIV strains in monkeys
    • Santra S., et al. Mosaic vaccines elicit CD8+ T lymphocyte responses that confer enhanced immune coverage of diverse HIV strains in monkeys. Nat. Med. 2010, 16:324-328.
    • (2010) Nat. Med. , vol.16 , pp. 324-328
    • Santra, S.1
  • 97
    • 33751249244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 subtype and circulating recombinant form (CRF) reference sequences, 2005
    • NM, LA-UR 06-0680, Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, T. Leitner (Ed.)
    • Leitner T., et al. HIV-1 subtype and circulating recombinant form (CRF) reference sequences, 2005. HIV Sequence Compendium 2005 2005, NM, LA-UR 06-0680, Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory. T. Leitner (Ed.).
    • (2005) HIV Sequence Compendium 2005
    • Leitner, T.1
  • 98
    • 0035261070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dating the common ancestor of SIVcpz and HIV-1 group M and the origin of HIV-1 subtypes using a new method to uncover clock-like molecular evolution
    • Salemi M., et al. Dating the common ancestor of SIVcpz and HIV-1 group M and the origin of HIV-1 subtypes using a new method to uncover clock-like molecular evolution. FASEB J. 2001, 15:276-278.
    • (2001) FASEB J. , vol.15 , pp. 276-278
    • Salemi, M.1
  • 99
    • 36749031231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emergence of HIV/AIDS in the Americas and beyond
    • Gilbert M.T., et al. The emergence of HIV/AIDS in the Americas and beyond. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2007, 104:18566-18570.
    • (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.104 , pp. 18566-18570
    • Gilbert, M.T.1
  • 100
    • 4544289290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing and reconstruction of the most recent common ancestor of the subtype C clade of human immunodeficiency virus type 1
    • Travers S.A., et al. Timing and reconstruction of the most recent common ancestor of the subtype C clade of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J. Virol. 2004, 78:10501-10506.
    • (2004) J. Virol. , vol.78 , pp. 10501-10506
    • Travers, S.A.1
  • 101
    • 50949094465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal and spatial dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 circulating recombinant forms 08_BC and 07_BC in Asia
    • Tee K.K., et al. Temporal and spatial dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 circulating recombinant forms 08_BC and 07_BC in Asia. J. Virol. 2008, 82:9206-9215.
    • (2008) J. Virol. , vol.82 , pp. 9206-9215
    • Tee, K.K.1
  • 102
    • 72949104925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution and molecular epidemiology of subtype C HIV-1 in Zimbabwe
    • Dalai S.C., et al. Evolution and molecular epidemiology of subtype C HIV-1 in Zimbabwe. AIDS 2009, 23:2523-2532.
    • (2009) AIDS , vol.23 , pp. 2523-2532
    • Dalai, S.C.1
  • 103
    • 0034934937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of the introduction into Ethiopia of subcluster C' of HIV type 1 subtype C
    • Abebe A., et al. Timing of the introduction into Ethiopia of subcluster C' of HIV type 1 subtype C. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 2001, 17:657-661.
    • (2001) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses , vol.17 , pp. 657-661
    • Abebe, A.1
  • 104
    • 0035902954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of the HIV-1 subtype C epidemic in Ethiopia based on early virus strains and subsequent virus diversification
    • Abebe A., et al. Timing of the HIV-1 subtype C epidemic in Ethiopia based on early virus strains and subsequent virus diversification. AIDS 2001, 15:1555-1561.
    • (2001) AIDS , vol.15 , pp. 1555-1561
    • Abebe, A.1
  • 105
    • 53549104131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin and evolutionary history of HIV-1 subtype C in Brazil
    • Bello G., et al. Origin and evolutionary history of HIV-1 subtype C in Brazil. AIDS 2008, 22:1993-2000.
    • (2008) AIDS , vol.22 , pp. 1993-2000
    • Bello, G.1
  • 106
    • 0036213160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent evolutionary history of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype B: reconstruction of epidemic onset based on sequence distances to the common ancestor
    • Lukashov V.V., Goudsmit J. Recent evolutionary history of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype B: reconstruction of epidemic onset based on sequence distances to the common ancestor. J. Mol. Evol. 2002, 54:680-691.
    • (2002) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.54 , pp. 680-691
    • Lukashov, V.V.1    Goudsmit, J.2
  • 107
    • 44649110379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-resolution molecular epidemiology and evolutionary history of HIV-1 subtypes in Albania
    • Salemi M., et al. High-resolution molecular epidemiology and evolutionary history of HIV-1 subtypes in Albania. PLoS ONE 2008, 3:e1390.
    • (2008) PLoS ONE , vol.3
    • Salemi, M.1
  • 108
    • 65649110883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing and evolution of the most recent common ancestor of the Korean clade HIV subtype B based on nef and vif sequences
    • Kim M.S., et al. Timing and evolution of the most recent common ancestor of the Korean clade HIV subtype B based on nef and vif sequences. J. Microbiol. 2009, 47:85-90.
    • (2009) J. Microbiol. , vol.47 , pp. 85-90
    • Kim, M.S.1
  • 109
    • 35548945843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Description of the first full-length HIV type 1 subtype F1 strain in Argentina: implications for the origin and dispersion of this subtype in South America
    • Aulicino P.C., et al. Description of the first full-length HIV type 1 subtype F1 strain in Argentina: implications for the origin and dispersion of this subtype in South America. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 2007, 23:1176-1182.
    • (2007) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses , vol.23 , pp. 1176-1182
    • Aulicino, P.C.1
  • 110
    • 67650960661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylodynamic analysis of the dissemination of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in Vietnam
    • Liao H., et al. Phylodynamic analysis of the dissemination of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in Vietnam. Virology 2009, 391:51-56.
    • (2009) Virology , vol.391 , pp. 51-56
    • Liao, H.1
  • 111
    • 84857691271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylodynamics of the HIV-1 CRF02_AG clade in Cameroon
    • Faria N.R., et al. Phylodynamics of the HIV-1 CRF02_AG clade in Cameroon. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2011, 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.04.028.
    • (2011) Infect. Genet. Evol.
    • Faria, N.R.1
  • 112
    • 68649096601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic characterization of HIV-1 BC recombinants and evolutionary history of the CRF31_BC in Southern Brazil
    • Passaes C.P., et al. Genetic characterization of HIV-1 BC recombinants and evolutionary history of the CRF31_BC in Southern Brazil. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2009, 9:474-482.
    • (2009) Infect. Genet. Evol. , vol.9 , pp. 474-482
    • Passaes, C.P.1
  • 113
    • 63549116232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating the date of origin of an HIV-1 circulating recombinant form
    • Tee K.K., et al. Estimating the date of origin of an HIV-1 circulating recombinant form. Virology 2009, 387:229-234.
    • (2009) Virology , vol.387 , pp. 229-234
    • Tee, K.K.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.