Genetic variations in the ADAMTS12 gene are associated with schizophrenia in Puerto Rican patients of Spanish descent

NeuroMolecular Medicine

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 53-64

  Bespalova, Irina N ^a,b   Angelo, Gary W ^a,b   Ritter, Ben P ^a,b   Hunter, Jason ^a   Reyes Rabanillo, Maria L ^c   Siever, Larry J ^a,b   Silverman, Jeremy M ^a,b  

^a MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c San Juan Veterans Affairs Medical Center   (Puerto Rico)

Author keywords

ADAMTS12; Association study; Case control sample; Chromosome 5p13; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

3' UNTRANSLATED REGION; 5' UNTRANSLATED REGION; A DESINTEGRIN AND METALLOPROTEINASE WITH THROMBOSPONDIN TYPE 1 MOTIF 12 GENE; ARTICLE; BASE PAIRING; CASE CONTROL STUDY; CONTROLLED STUDY; ETHNICITY; EXON; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; GENETIC RISK; GENETIC VARIABILITY; HAPLOTYPE; HUMAN; INTRON; MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; MUTATOR GENE; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; PUERTO RICO; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM;

ADAM PROTEINS; BASE SEQUENCE; DNA MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; EXONS; FEMALE; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASE; GENETIC VARIATION; HAPLOTYPES; HISPANIC AMERICANS; HUMANS; INTRONS; MALE; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; PEDIGREE; POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE; PROMOTER REGIONS, GENETIC; PUERTO RICO; RISK; SCHIZOPHRENIA;

EID: 84857992484     PISSN: 15351084     EISSN: 15591174     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12017-012-8169-y     Document Type: Article

References (101)

1. Agrawal, S. M., Lau, L., & Yong, V. W. (2008). MMP in the central nervous system: Where the good guys go bad. Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology, 19, 42-51. (Pubitemid 350235982)
2. Allebeck, P. (1989). Schizophrenia: A life-shortening disease. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 15, 81-89.
3. Altschul, S. F., Gish, W., Miller, W., Myers, E. W., & Lipman, D. J. (1990). Basic local alignment search tool. Journal of Molecular Biology, 215, 403-410.
4. Apte, S. S. (2004). A disintegrin-like and metalloprotease (reprolysin type) with thrombospondin type 1 motifs: The ADAMTS family. International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 36, 981-985.
5. Barrett, J. C., Fry, B., Maller, J., & Daly, M. J. (2005). Haploview: Analysis and visualization of LD and haplotype maps. Bioinformatics, 21, 263-265. (Pubitemid 40202029)
6. Basile, D. P., Fredrich, K., Chelladurai, B., Leonard, E. C., & Parrish, A. R. (2008). Renal ischemia reperfusion inhibits VEGF expression and induces ADAMTS-1, a novel VEGF inhibitor. American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology, 294, F928-F936.
7. Baxter, J. D., Samnaliev, M., & Clark, R. E. (2009). The quality of asthma care among adults with substance-related disorders and adults with mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 60, 43-49.
8. Bernstein, H. G., Müller, S., Steiner, J., Farkas, N., Bogerts, B., &Lendeckel, U. (2010). Association between paternal schizophrenia and low birthweight: ADAM12 may matter. Asian Journal of Andrology, 12, 453-454.
9. Bespalova, I. N., Angelo, G. W., Smith, C. J., Durner, M., Siever, L. J., Carrion-Baralt, J., et al. (2005). Fine mapping of the 5p13 locus linked to schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder in a Puerto Rican family. Psychiatric Genetics, 15, 205-210. (Pubitemid 41231944)
10. Bespalova, I. N., Durner, M., Ritter, B. P., Angelo, G. W., Rossy-Fullana, E., Carrion-Baralt, J., et al. (2010). Non-synonymous variants in the AMACR gene area associated with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 124, 208-215.
11. Biliya, S., & Bulla, L. A., Jr. (2010). Genomic imprinting: the influence of differential methylation in the two sexes. Experimental Biology and Medicine (Maywood), 235, 139-147.
12. Bondeson, J., Wainwright, S., Hughes, C., & Caterson, B. (2008). The regulation of the ADAMTS4 and ADAMTS5 aggrecanases in osteoarthritis: A review. Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology, 26, 139-145. (Pubitemid 351385270)
13. Boustany, R. M., Qian, W. H., & Suzuki, K. (1993). Mutations in acid beta-galactosidase cause GM1-gangliosidosis in American patients. American Journal of Human Genetics, 53, 881-888.
14. Bresee, L. C., Majumdar, S. R., Patten, S. B., & Johnson, J. A. (2010). Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and disease in people with schizophrenia: A population-based study. Schizophrenia Research, 117, 75-82.
15. Bressan, F. F., De Bem, T. H., Perecin, F., Lopes, F. L., Ambrosio, C. E., Meirelles, F. V., et al. (2009). Unearthing the roles of imprinted genes in the placenta. Placenta, 30, 823-834.
16. Brown, S., Inskip, H., & Barraclough, B. (2000). Causes of the excess mortality of schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 177, 212-217.
17. Cal, S., Arguelles, J. M., Fernandez, P. L., & López- Otín, C. (2001). Identification, characterization, and intracellular processing of ADAM-TS12, a novel human disintegrin with a complex structural organization involving multiple thrombospondin-1 repeats. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 276, 17932-17940.
18. Capasso, R. M., Lineberry, T. W., Bostwick, J. M., Decker, P. A., &St. Sauver, J. (2008). Mortality in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder: An Olmsted County, Minnesota cohort: 1950-2005. Schizophrenia Research, 98, 287-294. (Pubitemid 350235906)
19. Chang, H. R., Yang, S. F., Li, M. L., Lin, C. C., Hsieh, Y. S., & Lian, J. D. (2006). Relationships between circulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 and renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease. Clinica Chimica Acta, 366, 243-248.
20. Chen, Y. H., Lee, H. C., & Lin, H. C. (2009). Prevalence and risk of atopic disorders among schizophrenia patients: A nationwide population based study. Schizophrenia Research, 108, 191-196.
21. Chissoe, S., Ehm, M. G., & St. Jean, P. (2008). Genes associated with schizophrenia. United States Patent Application 20080176239, 42.
22. Choke, E., Cockerill, G., Wilson, W. R., Sayed, S., Dawson, J., Loftus, I., et al. (2005). A review of biological factors implicated in abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture. European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, 30, 227-244. (Pubitemid 41086292)
23. Cooper-Casey, K., Mesen-Fainardi, A., Galke-Rollins, B., Llach, M., Laprade, B., Rodriguez, C., et al. (2005). Suggestive linkage of schizophrenia to 5p13 in Costa Rica. Molecular Psychiatry, 10, 651-656. (Pubitemid 40961735)
24. Crowe, R. R., & Vieland, V. (1999). Report of the chromosome 5 workshop of the sixth world congress on psychiatric genetics. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 88, 229-232. (Pubitemid 29269487)
25. Dehmel, T., Janke, A., Hartung, H. P., Goebel, H. H., Wiendl, H., &Kieseier, B. C. (2007). The cell-specific expression of metalloproteinase-disintegrins (ADAM) in inflammatory myopathies. Neurobiology of Disease, 25, 665-674.
26. Dow, D. J., Huxley-Jones, J., Hall, J. M., Francks, C., Maycox, P. R., Kew, J. N., et al. (2011). ADAMTSL3 as a candidate gene for schizophrenia: Gene sequencing and ultra-high density association analysis by imputation. Schizophrenia Research, 127, 28-34.
27. El Hour, M., Moncada-Pazos, A., Blacher, S., Masset, A., Cal, S., Berndt, S., et al. (2010). Higher sensitivity of Adamts12-deficient mice to tumor growth and angiogenesis. Oncogene, 29, 3025-3032.
28. Elkington, P. T., Nuttall, R. K., Boyle, J. J., O'Kane, C. M., Horncastle, D. E., Edwards, D. R., et al. (2005). Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but not vaccine BCG, specifically upregulates matrix metalloproteinase-1. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 172, 1596-1604. (Pubitemid 43076552)
29. Farkas, N., Lendeckel, U., Dobrowolny, H., Funke, S., Steiner, J., Keilhoff, G., et al. (2010). Reduced density of ADAM 12-immunoreactive oligodendrocytes in the anterior cingulate white matter of patients with schizophrenia. World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 11, 556-566.
30. Feldman, J. M., Ortega, A. N., McQuaid, E. L., & Canino, G. (2006). Comorbidity between asthma attacks and internalizing disorders among Puerto Rican children at one-year follow-up. Psychosomatics, 47, 333-339.
31. Fujishima, S., Shiomi, T., Yamashita, S., Yogo, Y., Nakano, Y., Inoue, T., et al. (2010). Production and activation of matrix metalloproteinase 7 (Matrilysin 1) in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 134, 1136-1142.
32. Gabriel, S. B., Schaffner, S. F., Nguyen, H., Moore, J. M., Roy, J., Blumenstiel, B., et al. (2002). The structure of haplotype blocks in the human genome. Science, 296, 2225-2229. (Pubitemid 34680308)
33. Goldacre, M. J., Kurina, L. M., Wotton, C. J., Yeates, D., & Seagroat, V. (2005). Schizophrenia and cancer: an epidemiological study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 187, 334-338. (Pubitemid 41442385)
34. Greenwood, T. A., Lazzeroni, L. C., Murray, S. S., Cadenhead, K. S., Calkins, M. E., Dobie, D. J., et al. (2011). Analysis of 94 candidate genes and 12 endophenotypes for schizophrenia from the consortium on the genetics of schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, Apr 15 [Epub ahead of print].
35. Gueders, M. M., Foidart, J. M., Noel, A., & Cataldo, D. D. (2006). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and tissue inhibitors of MMP in the respiratory tract: Potential implications in asthma and other lung diseases. European Journal of Pharmacology, 533, 133-144. (Pubitemid 43340010)
36. Haeusler, G., Walter, I., Helmreich, M., & Egerbacher, M. (2005). Localization of matrix metalloproteinases, (MMPs) their tissue inhibitors, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in growth plates of children and adolescents indicates a role for MMPs in human postnatal growth and skeletal maturation. Calcified Tissue International, 76, 326-335. (Pubitemid 41557278)
37. Hall, N. G., Klenotoic, P., Anand-Apte, B., & Apte, S. S. (2003). ADAMTSL-3/punctin-2, a novel glycoprotein in extracellular matrix related to the ADAMTS family of metalloproteases. Matrix Biology, 22, 501-510. (Pubitemid 37518309)
38. Hattori, E., Toyota, T., Ishitsuka, Y., Iwayama, Y., Yamada, K., Ujike, H., et al. (2009). Preliminary genome-wide association study of bipolar disorder in the Japanese population. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, 150B, 1110-1117.
39. Hindorff, L. A., Sethupathy, P., Junkins, H. A., Ramos, E. M., Mehta, J. P., Collins, F. S., et al. (2009). Potential etiologic and functional implications of genome-wide association loci for human diseases and traits. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 106, 9362-9367.
40. Holliday, E. G., Mowry, B. J., & Nyholt, D. R. (2008). A reanalysis of 409 European-Ancestry and African American schizophrenia pedigrees reveals significant linkage to 8p23.3 with evidence of locus heterogeneity. American Journal of Medical Genetics B. Neuropsychiatric Genetics, 147B, 1080-1088.
41. Hu, P. Y., Ernst, A. R., Sly, W. S., Venta, P. J., Skaggs, L. A., &Tashian, R. E. (1994). Carbonic anhydrase II deficiency: Single-base deletion in exon 7 is the predominant mutation in Caribbean Hispanic patients. American Journal of Human Genetics, 54, 602-608. (Pubitemid 24089599)
42. Johnson, A. D., & O'Donnell, C. J. (2009). An open access database of genome-wide association results. BMC Medical Genetics, 10, 6.
43. Jones, D. R., Macias, C., Barreira, P. J., Fisher, W. H., Hargreaves, W. A., & Harding, C. M. (2004). Prevalence, severity, and co-occurrence of chronic physical health problems of persons with serious mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 55, 1250-1257. (Pubitemid 39441587)
44. Jones, G. C., & Riley, G. P. (2005). ADAMTS proteinases: A multi-domain, multi-functional family with roles in extracellular matrix turnover and arthritis. Arthritis Research and Therapy, 7, 160-169. (Pubitemid 40936607)
45. Karayiorgou, M., & Gogos, J. A. (2006). Schizophrenia genetics: Uncovering positional candidate genes. European Journal of Human Genetics, 14, 512-519.
46. Kevorkian, L., Young, D. A., Darrah, C., Donell, S. T., Shepstone, L., Porter, S., et al. (2004). Expression profiling of metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in cartilage. Arthritis and Rheumatism, 50, 131-141. (Pubitemid 38084297)
47. Koike, A., Nishida, N., Inoue, I., Tsuji, S., & Tokunaga, K. (2009). Genome-wide association database developed in the Japanese Integrated Database Project. Journal of Human Genetics, 54, 543-546.
48. Kurz, T., Hoffjan, S., Hayes, M. G., Schneider, D., Nicolae, R., Heinzmann, A., et al. (2006). Fine mapping and positional candidate studies on chromosome 5p13 identify multiple asthma susceptibility loci. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 118, 396-402. (Pubitemid 44142715)
49. Leucht, S., Burkard, T., Henderson, J., Maj, M., & Sartorius, N. (2007). Physical illness and schizophrenia: A review of the literature. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 116, 317-333. (Pubitemid 47537428)
50. Levy, G. G., Nichols, W. C., Lian, E. C., Foroud, T., McClintick, J. N., McGee, B. M., et al. (2001). Mutations in a member of the ADAMTS gene family cause thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Nature, 413, 488-494. (Pubitemid 32938741)
51. Libby, P., Aikawa, M., & Jain, M. K. (2006). Vascular endothelium and atherosclerosis. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, 176, 285-306.
52. Lin, H. C., Tang, C. H., & Lee, H. C. (2009). Association between paternal schizophrenia and low birthweight: A nationwide populationbased study. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 35, 624-639.
53. Liu, C. J. (2009). The role of ADAMTS-7 and ADAMTS-12 in the pathogenesis of arthritis. Nature Clinical Practice Rheumatology, 5, 38-45.
54. Liu, C. J., Kong, W., Xu, K., Luan, Y., Ilalov, K., Sehgal, B., et al. (2006). ADAMTS-12 associates with and degrades cartilage oligomeric matrix protein. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 281, 15800-15808. (Pubitemid 43848470)
55. Llamazares, M., Obaya, A. J., Moncada-Pazos, A., Heljasvaara, R., Espada, J., López-Otín, C., et al. (2007). The ADAMTS12 metalloproteinase exhibits anti-tumorigenic properties through modulation of the Ras-dependent ERK signalling pathway. Journal of Cell Science, 120, 3544-3552. (Pubitemid 350120947)
56. Lopez-Otin, C., & Matrisian, L. M. (2007). Emerging roles of proteases in tumour suppression. Nature Reviews Cancer, 7, 800-808. (Pubitemid 47463671)
57. Malemud, C. J. (2006). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in health and disease: An overview. Frontiers in Bioscience, 11, 1696-1701.
58. Mandal, M., Mandal, A., Das, S., Chakraborti, T., & Sajal, C. (2003). Clinical implications of matrix metalloproteinases. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 252, 305-329. (Pubitemid 37220762)
59. Marion, R. W., Chitayat, D., Hutcheon, R. G., Goldberg, R., Shprintzen, R. J., & Cohen, M. M. (1987). Autosomal recessive inheritance in the Setleis bitemporal 'forceps marks' syndrome. American Journal of Diseases of Children, 141, 895-897. (Pubitemid 17131169)
60. Miozzo, M., & Simoni, G. (2002). The role of imprinted genes in fetal growth. Biology of the Neonate, 81, 217-228. (Pubitemid 34507589)
61. Moncada-Pazos, A., Obaya, A. J., Fraga, M. F., Viloria, C. G., Capellá, G., Gausachs, M., et al. (2009). The ADAMTS12 metalloprotease gene is epigenetically silenced in tumor cells and transcriptionally activated in the stroma during progression of colon cancer. Journal of Cell Science, 122, 2906-2913.
62. Morales, C. A. (1983). Puerto Rico: A political and cultural history. New York: W.W. Norton.
63. Morrison, A. C., Felix, J. F., Cupples, L. A., Glazer, N. L., Loehr, L. R., Dehghan, A., et al. (2010). Genomic variation associated with mortality among adults of European and African ancestry with heart failure: the cohorts for heart and aging research in genomic epidemiology consortium. Circulation: Cardiovascular Genetics, 3, 248-255.
64. Murphy, G. (2008). The ADAM: Signalling scissors in the tumour microenvironment. Nature Reviews Cancer, 8, 929-941.
65. Murphy, G., & Nagase, H. (2008). Reappraising metalloproteinases in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: Destruction or repair? Nature Clinical Practice Rheumatology, 4, 128-135. (Pubitemid 351338627)
66. Need, A. C., Ge, D., Weale, M. E., Maia, J., Feng, S., Heinzen, E. L., et al. (2009). A genome-wide investigation of SNPs and CNVs in schizophrenia. PLoS Genetics, 5, e1000373.
67. Oetting, W. S., Witkop, C. J., Jr., Brown, S. A., Colomer, R., Fryer, J. P., Bloom, K. E., et al. (1993). A frequent tyrosinase gene mutation associated with type I-A (tyrosinase-negative) oculocutaneous albinism in Puerto Rico. American Journal of Human Genetics, 52, 17-23. (Pubitemid 23059044)
68. Okada, Y. (2009). Proteinases and matrix degradation. In G. S. Firestein, R. C. Budd, E. D. Harris Jr., I. B. McInnes, S. Ruddy, & J. S. Sergent (Eds.), Kelly's textbook of rheumatology (8th ed., pp. 115-134). Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier.
69. Ortega, N., Behonick, D., Stickens, D., & Werb, Z. (2003). How proteases regulate bone morphogenesis. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 995, 109-116. (Pubitemid 36706618)
70. Ortega, A. N., Goodwin, R. D., McQuaid, E. L., & Canino, G. (2004). Parental mental health, childhood psychiatric disorders, and asthma attacks in island Puerto Rican youth. Ambulatory Pediatrics, 4, 308-315. (Pubitemid 39136589)
71. Paunio, T., Ekelund, J., Varilo, T., Parker, A., Hovatta, I., Turunen, J. A., et al. (2001). Genome-wide scan in a nationwide study sample of schizophrenia families in Finland reveals susceptibility loci on chromosomes 2q and 5q. Human Molecilar Genetics, 10, 3037-3048. (Pubitemid 34083490)
72. Pearce, W. H., & Shively, V. P. (2006). Abdominal aortic aneurysm as a complex multifactorial disease: Interactions of polymorphisms of inflammatory genes, features of autoimmunity, and current status of MMPs. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1085, 117-132. (Pubitemid 47091997)
73. Porter, S., Clark, I. M., Kevorkian, L., & Edwards, D. R. (2005). The ADAMTS metalloproteinases. Biochemical Journal, 386, 15-27.
74. Purcell, S., Neale, B., Todd-Brown, K., Thomas, L., Ferreira, M. A. R., Bender, D., et al. (2007). PLINK: A toolset for whole-genome association and population-based linkage analysis. American Journal of Human Genetics, 81, 559-575. (Pubitemid 47330214)
75. Rampersaud, E., Damcott, C. M., Fu, M., Shen, H., McArdle, P., Shi, X., et al. (2007). Identification of novel candidate genes for type 2 diabetes from a genome-wide association scan in the Old Order Amish: Evidence for replication from diabetes-related quantitative traits and from independent populations. Diabetes, 56, 3053-3062. (Pubitemid 350223642)
76. Renn, J. H., Yang, N. P., Chueh, C. M., Lin, C. Y., Lan, T. H., &Chou, P. (2009). Bone mass in schizophrenia and normal populations across different decades of life. BMC Musculosceletal Disorders, 10, 1-7.
77. Rocks, N., Paulissen, G., El Hour, M., Quesada, F., Crahay, C., Gueders, M., et al. (2008). Emerging roles of ADAM and ADAMTS metalloproteinases in cancer. Biochimie, 90, 369-379. (Pubitemid 351172571)
78. Romeo, M. G., Distefano, G., Di Bella, D., Mangiagli, A., Caltabiano, L., Roccaro, S., et al. (1991). Familial Jarcho-Levin syndrome. Clinical Genetics, 39, 253-259.
79. Rosenberg, G. A. (2009a). Matrix metalloproteinases and their multiple roles in neurodegenerative diseases. Lancet Neurology, 8, 205-216.
80. Rosenberg, G. A. (2009b). Matrix metalloproteinases in neuroinflammation. Glia, 39, 279-291.
81. Rybakowski, J. K., Skibinska, M., Kapelski, P., Kaczmarek, L., &Hauser, J. (2009). Functional polymorphism of the matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) gene in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 109, 90-93.
82. Sadler, J. E. (2008). Von Willebrand factor, ADAMTS13, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood, 112, 11-18.
83. Salter, R. C., Ashlin, T. G., Kwan, A. P., & Ramji, D. P. (2010). ADAMTS proteases: Key roles in atherosclerosis? Journal of Molecular Medicine, 88, 1203-1211.
84. Schwettmann, L., Wehmeier, M., Jokovic, D., Aleksandrova, K., Brand, K., Manns, M. P., et al. (2008). Hepatic expression of A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) and ADAM with thrombospondin motives (ADAM-TS) enzymes in patients with chronic liver diseases. Journal of Hepatology, 49, 243-250.
85. Shindo, T., Kurihara, H., Kuno, K., Yokoyama, H., Wada, T., Kurihara, Y., et al. (2010). ADAMTS-1: A metalloproteinase-disintegrin essential for normal growth, fertility, and organ morphology and function. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 105, 1345-1352.
86. Shiomi, T., Lemaître, V., D'Armiento, J., & Okada, Y. (2010). Matrix metalloproteinases, a disintegrin and metalloproteinases, and a disintegrin and metalloproteinases with thrombospondin motifs in non-neoplastic diseases. Pathology International, 60, 477-496.
87. Silverman, J. M., Greenberg, D. A., Altstiel, L. D., Siever, L. J., Mohs, R. C., Smith, C. J., et al. (1996). Evidence of a locus for schizophrenia and related disorders on the short arm of chromosome 5 in a large pedigree. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 67, 162-171.
88. Smith, R. L. (1999). Degradative enzymes in osteoarthritis. Frontiers in Bioscience, 4, D704-D712.
89. Sokal, J., Messias, E., Dickerson, F. B., Kreyenbuhl, J., Brown, C. H., Goldberg, R. W., et al. (2004). Comorbidity of medical illnesses among adults with serious mental illness who are receiving community psychiatric services. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 192, 421-427. (Pubitemid 38746100)
90. Spinale, F. G. (2007). Myocardial matrix remodeling and the matrix metalloproteinases: Influence on cardiac form and function. Physiological Reviews, 87, 1285-1342.
91. Suarez, B. K., Duan, J., Sanders, A. R., Hinrichs, A. L., Jin, C. H., Hou, C., et al. (2006). Genomewide Linkage Scan of 409 European-Ancestry and African American Families with Schizophrenia: Suggestive Evidence of Linkage at 8p23.3-p21.2 and 11p13.1-q14.1 in the Combined Sample. American Journal of Human Genetics, 78, 315-333. (Pubitemid 43157570)
92. Tang, B. L. (2001). ADAMTS: a novel family of extracellular matrix proteases. International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 33, 33-44.
93. Tiwari, A. K., Zai, C. C., Müller, D. J., & Kennedy, J. L. (2010). Genetics in schizophrenia: where are we and what next? Dialogues in Clinical Neurosciences, 12, 289-303.
94. Torrey, E. F. (2006). Prostate cancer and schizophrenia. Adult Urology, 68, 1280-1283.
95. Tortorella, M. D., & Malfait, A. M. (2008). Will the real aggrecanase(s) step up: Evaluating the criteria that define aggrecanase activity in osteoarthritis. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 9, 16-23. (Pubitemid 351266966)
96. Vázquez, F., Hastings, G., Ortega, M. A., Lane, T. F., Oikemus, S., Lombardo, M., et al. (1999). METH-1, a human ortholog of ADAMTS-1, and METH-2 are members of a new family of proteins with angio-inhibitory activity. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 274, 23349-23357.
97. Witkop, C. J., Almadovar, C., Pineiro, B., & Nunez Babcock, M. (1990). Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS). An epidemiologic study. Ophthalmic Paediatric Genetics, 11, 245-250. (Pubitemid 20313880)
98. Wu, Z. S., Wu, Q., Yang, J. H., Wang, H. Q., Ding, X. D., Yang, F., et al. (2008). Prognostic significance of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 serum and tissue expression in breast cancer. International Journal of Cancer, 122, 2050-2056. (Pubitemid 351441195)
99. Yang, P., Baker, K. A., & Hagg, T. (2006). The ADAMs family: Coordinators of nervous system development, plasticity and repair. Progress in Neurobiology, 79, 73-94. (Pubitemid 44247280)
100. Yong, V. W. (2005). Metalloproteinases: mediators of pathology and regeneration in the CNS. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 6, 931-944.
101. Zeng, W., Corcoran, C., Collins-Racie, L. A., Lavallie, E. R., Morris, E. A., & Flannery, C. R. (2006). Glycosaminoglycan-binding properties and aggrecanase activities of truncated ADAMTS: Comparative analyses with ADAMTS-5, -9, -16 and -18. Biochimica and Biophysica Acta, 1760, 517-524.