메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 49, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 455-476

A new depositional model for glaciogenic neoproterozoic iron formation: Insights from the chemostratigraphy and basin configuration of the rapitan iron formation

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHEMOSTRATIGRAPHY; CLASTIC ROCK; DEEP WATER; DEPOSITIONAL MODELS; ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS; FERRIC IRON; FERROUS IRON; GLOBAL OCEAN; GRANITIC COMPOSITION; HIGH QUALITY; ICE COVER; IRON FORMATION; IRON OXYHYDROXIDES; NEOPROTEROZOIC; OPEN OCEAN; PRECAMBRIAN; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; REDOX CONDITION; REDOX EVOLUTION; SHALLOW WATERS; STRATIFIED WATERS; WATER DEPTH;

EID: 84856837490     PISSN: 00084077     EISSN: 14803313     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/E11-066     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (50)

References (118)
  • 1
    • 0024485196 scopus 로고
    • Uppermost Proterozoic formations in central Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories
    • Aitken, J.D. 1989. Uppermost Proterozoic formations in central Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 368. pp. 1-26.
    • (1989) Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin , vol.368 , pp. 1-26
    • Aitken, J.D.1
  • 2
    • 0026293277 scopus 로고
    • The Ice Brook Formation and post-Rapitan, Late Proterozoic Glaciation, Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories
    • Aitken, J.D. 1991a. The Ice Brook Formation and post-Rapitan, Late Proterozoic Glaciation, Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 404. pp. 1-43.
    • (1991) Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin , vol.404 , pp. 1-43
    • Aitken, J.D.1
  • 3
    • 84879890928 scopus 로고
    • Two late Proterozoic glaciations, Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada
    • doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1991)0190445:TLPGMM2.3.CO;2
    • Aitken, J.D. 1991b. Two late Proterozoic glaciations, Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada. Geology, 19(5): 445-448. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1991)0190445:TLPGMM2.3.CO;2
    • (1991) Geology , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 445-448
    • Aitken, J.D.1
  • 4
    • 37449005987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continentally-derived solutes in shallow Archean seawater: Rare earth element and Nd isotope evidence in iron formation from the 2.9 Ga Pongola Supergroup, South Africa
    • doi:10.1016/j.gca.2007.10.028
    • Alexander, B.W., Bau, M., Andersson, P., and Dulski, P. 2008. Continentally-derived solutes in shallow Archean seawater: rare earth element and Nd isotope evidence in iron formation from the 2.9 Ga Pongola Supergroup, South Africa. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 72(2): 378-394. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2007.10.028
    • (2008) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.72 , Issue.2 , pp. 378-394
    • Alexander, B.W.1    Bau, M.2    Andersson, P.3    Dulski, P.4
  • 5
    • 52649136054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trace-metal covariation as a guide to water-mass conditions in ancient anoxic marine environments
    • doi:10.1130/GES00174.1
    • Algeo, T.J., and Maynard, J.B. 2008. Trace-metal covariation as a guide to water-mass conditions in ancient anoxic marine environments. Geosphere, 4(5): 872-887. doi:10.1130/GES00174.1
    • (2008) Geosphere , vol.4 , Issue.5 , pp. 872-887
    • Algeo, T.J.1    Maynard, J.B.2
  • 6
    • 70350408342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental analysis of paleoceanographic systems based on molybdenum-uranium covariation
    • doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.09.001
    • Algeo, T.J., and Tribovillard, N. 2009. Environmental analysis of paleoceanographic systems based on molybdenum-uranium covariation. Chemical Geology, 268(3-4): 211-225. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.09.001
    • (2009) Chemical Geology , vol.268 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 211-225
    • Algeo, T.J.1    Tribovillard, N.2
  • 7
    • 1842529302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molybdenum isotope evidence for widespread anoxia in mid- Proterozoic oceans
    • doi:, 10.1126/science.1091785. PMID:15066776
    • Arnold, G.L., Anbar, A.D., Barling, J., and Lyons, T.W. 2004. Molybdenum isotope evidence for widespread anoxia in mid- Proterozoic oceans. Science, 304(5667): 87-90. doi:10.1126/science.1091785. PMID:15066776
    • (2004) Science , vol.304 , Issue.5667 , pp. 87-90
    • Arnold, G.L.1    Anbar, A.D.2    Barling, J.3    Lyons, T.W.4
  • 8
    • 33845602656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molybdenum and tungsten in volcanic rocks and in surface and <100 °C ground waters in Iceland
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.gca.2006.09.030
    • Arnórsson, S., and Óskarsson, N. 2007. Molybdenum and tungsten in volcanic rocks and in surface and <100 °C ground waters in Iceland. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 71(2): 284-304. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2006.09.030
    • (2007) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.71 , Issue.2 , pp. 284-304
    • Arnórsson, S.1    Óskarsson, N.2
  • 9
    • 73449131502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The behavior of tungsten during mantle melting revisited with implications for planetary differentiation time scales
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.gca.2009.11.018
    • Babechuk, M.G., Kamber, B.S., Greig, A., Canil, D., and Kodolanyi, J. 2010. The behavior of tungsten during mantle melting revisited with implications for planetary differentiation time scales. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 74(4): 1448-1470. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2009.11.018
    • (2010) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.74 , Issue.4 , pp. 1448-1470
    • Babechuk, M.G.1    Kamber, B.S.2    Greig, A.3    Canil, D.4    Kodolanyi, J.5
  • 10
    • 79957462074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Highprecision rare earth element, nickel, and chromium chemistry of chert microbands pre-screened with in-situ analysis
    • doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.03.019
    • Baldwin, G.J., Thurston, P.C., and Kamber, B.S. 2011. Highprecision rare earth element, nickel, and chromium chemistry of chert microbands pre-screened with in-situ analysis. Chemical Geology, 285(1/4): 133-143. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.03.019
    • (2011) Chemical Geology , vol.285 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 133-143
    • Baldwin, G.J.1    Thurston, P.C.2    Kamber, B.S.3
  • 11
    • 0030435734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controls on the fractionation of isovalent trace elements in magmatic and aqueous systems: Evidence from Y/Ho, Zr/Hf, and lanthanide tetrad effect
    • doi:10.1007/s004100050159
    • Bau, M. 1996. Controls on the fractionation of isovalent trace elements in magmatic and aqueous systems: Evidence from Y/Ho, Zr/Hf, and lanthanide tetrad effect. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 123(3): 323-333. doi:10.1007/s004100050159
    • (1996) Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology , vol.123 , Issue.3 , pp. 323-333
    • Bau, M.1
  • 12
    • 0032814667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scavenging of dissolved yttrium and rare earths by precipitating iron oxyhydroxide: Experimental evidence for Ce oxidation, Y-Ho factionation, and lanthanide tetrad effect
    • doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00014-9
    • Bau, M. 1999. Scavenging of dissolved yttrium and rare earths by precipitating iron oxyhydroxide: Experimental evidence for Ce oxidation, Y-Ho factionation, and lanthanide tetrad effect. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 63(1): 67-77. doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00014-9
    • (1999) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.63 , Issue.1 , pp. 67-77
    • Bau, M.1
  • 13
    • 0030474044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of yttrium and rare-earth elements in the Penge and Kuruman iron-formations, Transvaal Supergroup, South Africa
    • doi:10.1016/0301-9268(95)00087-9
    • Bau, M., and Dulski, P. 1996. Distribution of yttrium and rare-earth elements in the Penge and Kuruman iron-formations, Transvaal Supergroup, South Africa. Precambrian Research, 79(1/2): 37-55. doi:10.1016/0301-9268(95)00087-9
    • (1996) Precambrian Research , vol.79 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 37-55
    • Bau, M.1    Dulski, P.2
  • 14
    • 0033102601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing yttrium and rare earths in hydrothermal fluids from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge: Implications for Y and REE behaviour during near-vent mixing and for the Y/Ho ratio of Proterozoic seawater
    • doi:, 10.1016/S0009-2541(98)00142-9
    • Bau, M., and Dulski, P. 1999. Comparing yttrium and rare earths in hydrothermal fluids from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge: implications for Y and REE behaviour during near-vent mixing and for the Y/Ho ratio of Proterozoic seawater. Chemical Geology, 155(1/2): 77-90. doi:10.1016/S0009-2541(98)00142-9
    • (1999) Chemical Geology , vol.155 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 77-90
    • Bau, M.1    Dulski, P.2
  • 16
    • 60849125165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin and paleoenvironmental significance of major iron formations at the Archean-Paleoproterozoic boundary
    • Beukes, N.J., and Gutzmer, J. 2008. Origin and paleoenvironmental significance of major iron formations at the Archean-Paleoproterozoic boundary. Reviews in Economic Geology, 15: 5-47.
    • (2008) Reviews In Economic Geology , vol.15 , pp. 5-47
    • Beukes, N.J.1    Gutzmer, J.2
  • 17
    • 0003108017 scopus 로고
    • Models for iron-formation deposition
    • Edited by J.W. Schopf and C. Klein. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
    • Beukes, N.J., and Klein, C. 1992. Models for iron-formation deposition. In The Proterozoic biosphere: a multidisciplinary approach. Edited by J.W. Schopf and C. Klein. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. pp. 147-151.
    • (1992) The Proterozoic Biosphere: A Multidisciplinary Approach , pp. 147-151
    • Beukes, N.J.1    Klein, C.2
  • 18
    • 2342599673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterisation of early Archaean chemical sediments by trace element signatures
    • doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004.02.016
    • Bolhar, R., Kamber, B.S., Moorbath, S., Fedo, C.M., and Whitehouse, M.J. 2004. Characterisation of early Archaean chemical sediments by trace element signatures. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 222(1): 43-60. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004.02.016
    • (2004) Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol.222 , Issue.1 , pp. 43-60
    • Bolhar, R.1    Kamber, B.S.2    Moorbath, S.3    Fedo, C.M.4    Whitehouse, M.J.5
  • 19
    • 0032480974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new model for Proterozoic ocean chemistry
    • doi:, 10.1038/24839
    • Canfield, D.E. 1998. A new model for Proterozoic ocean chemistry. Nature, 396(6710): 450-453. doi:10.1038/24839
    • (1998) Nature , vol.396 , Issue.6710 , pp. 450-453
    • Canfield, D.E.1
  • 20
    • 49649090355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ferruginous conditions dominated later Neoproterozoic deep-water chemistry
    • doi:, 10.1126/science.1154499. PMID:18635761
    • Canfield, D.E., Poulton, S.W., Knoll, A.H., Narbonne, G.M., Ross, G., Goldberg, T., and Strauss, H. 2008. Ferruginous conditions dominated later Neoproterozoic deep-water chemistry. Science, 321(5891): 949-952. doi:10.1126/science.1154499. PMID:18635761
    • (2008) Science , vol.321 , Issue.5891 , pp. 949-952
    • Canfield, D.E.1    Poulton, S.W.2    Knoll, A.H.3    Narbonne, G.M.4    Ross, G.5    Goldberg, T.6    Strauss, H.7
  • 23
    • 2442625594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trace metal records of regional paleoenvironmental variability in Pennsylvanian (Upper Carboniferous) black shales
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2003.12.010
    • Cruse, A.M., and Lyons, T.W. 2004. Trace metal records of regional paleoenvironmental variability in Pennsylvanian (Upper Carboniferous) black shales. Chemical Geology, 206(3-4): 319-345. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2003.12.010
    • (2004) Chemical Geology , vol.206 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 319-345
    • Cruse, A.M.1    Lyons, T.W.2
  • 24
    • 0036243124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rare earth elements in the water column of Lake Vanda, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica
    • doi:, 10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00861-4
    • De Carlo, E.H., and Green, W.J. 2002. Rare earth elements in the water column of Lake Vanda, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 66(8): 1323-1333. doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00861-4
    • (2002) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.66 , Issue.8 , pp. 1323-1333
    • de Carlo, E.H.1    Green, W.J.2
  • 25
    • 0025632517 scopus 로고
    • The chemical evolution of Precambrian seawater: Evidence from REEs in banded iron formations
    • doi:, 10.1016/0016-7037(90)90114-Z
    • Derry, L.A., and Jacobsen, S.B. 1990. The chemical evolution of Precambrian seawater: Evidence from REEs in banded iron formations. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 54(11): 2965-2977. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(90)90114-Z
    • (1990) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.54 , Issue.11 , pp. 2965-2977
    • Derry, L.A.1    Jacobsen, S.B.2
  • 26
    • 0030740097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple method for the precise determination of = 40 trace elements in geological samples by ICPMS using enriched isotope internal standardisation
    • doi:10.1016/S0009-2541(96)00100-3
    • Eggins, S.M., Woodhead, J.D., Kinsley, L.P.J., Mortimer, G.E., Sylvester, P., McCulloch, M.T., Hergt, J.M., and Handler, M.R. 1997. A simple method for the precise determination of = 40 trace elements in geological samples by ICPMS using enriched isotope internal standardisation. Chemical Geology, 134(4): 311-326. doi:10.1016/S0009-2541(96)00100-3
    • (1997) Chemical Geology , vol.134 , Issue.4 , pp. 311-326
    • Eggins, S.M.1    Woodhead, J.D.2    Kinsley, L.P.J.3    Mortimer, G.E.4    Sylvester, P.5    McCulloch, M.T.6    Hergt, J.M.7    Handler, M.R.8
  • 29
    • 0039553162 scopus 로고
    • Late Precambrian tillites of the northern Yukon - Northwest Territories region, Canada
    • Edited by M.J. Hambrey and W.B. Harland. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
    • Eisbacher, G.H. 1981a. Late Precambrian tillites of the northern Yukon - Northwest Territories region, Canada. In Earth's pre-Pleistocene glacial record. Edited by M.J. Hambrey and W.B. Harland. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. pp. 724-727
    • (1981) Earth's Pre-Pleistocene Glacial Record , pp. 724-727
    • Eisbacher, G.H.1
  • 31
    • 0022203890 scopus 로고
    • Late Proterozoic rifting, glacial sedimentation, and sedimentary cycles in the light of Windermere deposition, western Canada. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology
    • doi:, 10.1016/0031-0182(85)90087-2
    • Eisbacher, G.H. 1985. Late Proterozoic rifting, glacial sedimentation, and sedimentary cycles in the light of Windermere deposition, western Canada. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 51(1/4): 231-254. doi:10.1016/0031-0182(85)90087-2
    • (1985) Palaeoecology , vol.51 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 231-254
    • Eisbacher, G.H.1
  • 32
    • 0025224393 scopus 로고
    • The rare earth elements in rivers, estuaries, and coastal seas and their significance to the composition of ocean waters
    • doi:, 10.1016/0016-7037(90)90432-K
    • Elderfield, H., Upstill-Goddard, R., and Sholkovitz, E.R. 1990. The rare earth elements in rivers, estuaries, and coastal seas and their significance to the composition of ocean waters. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 54(4): 971-991. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(90)90432-K
    • (1990) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.54 , Issue.4 , pp. 971-991
    • Elderfield, H.1    Upstill-Goddard, R.2    Sholkovitz, E.R.3
  • 33
    • 38649099075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glacio-epochs and the supercontinent cycle after ~3.0 Ga: Tectonic boundary conditions for glaciation
    • doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.09.021
    • Eyles, N. 2008. Glacio-epochs and the supercontinent cycle after ~3.0 Ga: tectonic boundary conditions for glaciation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 258(1/2): 89-129. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.09.021
    • (2008) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , vol.258 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 89-129
    • Eyles, N.1
  • 34
    • 78149441393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Connections between sulfur cycle evolution, sulfur isotopes, sediments, an base metal sulfide deposits
    • doi:, 10.2113/gsecongeo.105.3.509
    • Farquhar, J., Wu, N., Canfield, D.E., and Oduro, H. 2010. Connections between sulfur cycle evolution, sulfur isotopes, sediments, an base metal sulfide deposits. Economic Geology and the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists, 105(3): 509-533. doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.105.3.509
    • (2010) Economic Geology and the Bulletin of The Society of Economic Geologists , vol.105 , Issue.3 , pp. 509-533
    • Farquhar, J.1    Wu, N.2    Canfield, D.E.3    Oduro, H.4
  • 35
    • 61349084416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An iron shuttle for deepwater silica in Late Archean and early Paleoproterozoic iron formation
    • Fischer, W.W., and Knoll, A.H. 2009. An iron shuttle for deepwater silica in Late Archean and early Paleoproterozoic iron formation. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 121: 222-235.
    • (2009) Geological Society of America Bulletin , vol.121 , pp. 222-235
    • Fischer, W.W.1    Knoll, A.H.2
  • 36
    • 70249124557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluctuations in Precambrian atmospheric oxygenation recorded by chromium isotopes
    • doi:, 10.1038/nature08266. PMID:19741707
    • Frei, R., Gaucher, C., Poulton, S.W., and Canfield, D.E. 2009. Fluctuations in Precambrian atmospheric oxygenation recorded by chromium isotopes. Nature, 461(7261): 250-253. doi:10.1038/nature08266. PMID:19741707
    • (2009) Nature , vol.461 , Issue.7261 , pp. 250-253
    • Frei, R.1    Gaucher, C.2    Poulton, S.W.3    Canfield, D.E.4
  • 37
    • 70349171775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mo isotope fractionation during adsorption to Fe (oxyhydr)oxides
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.gca.2009.08.004
    • Goldberg, T., Archer, C., Vance, D., and Poulton, S.W. 2009. Mo isotope fractionation during adsorption to Fe (oxyhydr)oxides. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 73(21): 6502-6516. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2009.08.004
    • (2009) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.73 , Issue.21 , pp. 6502-6516
    • Goldberg, T.1    Archer, C.2    Vance, D.3    Poulton, S.W.4
  • 39
    • 0018288803 scopus 로고
    • Copper mineralization near an intra-Rapitan unconformity, Nite copper prospect, Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories, Canada
    • doi:10.1139/e79-005
    • Helmstaedt, H., Eisbacher, G.H., and McGregor, J.A. 1979. Copper mineralization near an intra-Rapitan unconformity, Nite copper prospect, Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 16(1): 50-59. doi:10.1139/e79-005
    • (1979) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 50-59
    • Helmstaedt, H.1    Eisbacher, G.H.2    McGregor, J.A.3
  • 40
    • 79955479174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New model for molybdenum behavior in euxinic waters
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.03.012
    • Helz, G.R., Bura-Nakić, E., Mikac, N., and Ciglenečki, I. 2011. New model for molybdenum behavior in euxinic waters. Chemical Geology, 284(3/4): 323-332. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.03.012
    • (2011) Chemical Geology , vol.284 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 323-332
    • Helz, G.R.1    Bura-Nakić, E.2    Mikac, N.3    Ciglenečki, I.4
  • 41
    • 67349212321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pan-glacial -a third state in the climate system
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-2451.2009 00716.x
    • Hoffman, P.F. 2009. Pan-glacial -a third state in the climate system. Geology Today, 25(3): 100-107. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2451.2009 00716.x
    • (2009) Geology Today , vol.25 , Issue.3 , pp. 100-107
    • Hoffman, P.F.1
  • 42
    • 67349212221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A paleogeographic context for Neoproterozoic glaciation
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.03.013
    • Hoffman, P.F., and Li, Z.X. 2009. A paleogeographic context for Neoproterozoic glaciation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 277(3/4): 158-172. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.03.013
    • (2009) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology , vol.277 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 158-172
    • Hoffman, P.F.1    Li, Z.X.2
  • 43
    • 0032575722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Neoproterozoic snowball earth
    • doi:, 10.1126/science.281.5381.1342. PMID:9721097
    • Hoffman, P.F., Kaufman, A.J., Halverson, G.P., and Schrag, D.P. 1998. A Neoproterozoic snowball earth. Science, 281(5381): 1342-1346. doi:10.1126/science.281.5381.1342. PMID:9721097
    • (1998) Science , vol.281 , Issue.5381 , pp. 1342-1346
    • Hoffman, P.F.1    Kaufman, A.J.2    Halverson, G.P.3    Schrag, D.P.4
  • 44
    • 84879883043 scopus 로고
    • Ediacaran remains from intertillite beds in northwestern Canada
    • doi:, 10.1130/0091-7613(1990)0181199:ERFIBI2.3.CO;2
    • Hofmann, H.J., Narbonne, G.M., and Aitken, J.D. 1990. Ediacaran remains from intertillite beds in northwestern Canada. Geology, 18(12): 1199-1202. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1990)0181199:ERFIBI2.3.CO;2
    • (1990) Geology , vol.18 , Issue.12 , pp. 1199-1202
    • Hofmann, H.J.1    Narbonne, G.M.2    Aitken, J.D.3
  • 45
    • 0028883024 scopus 로고
    • Hydrothermal plumes and the delivery of iron to banded iron-formation
    • doi:, 10.1086/629734
    • Isley, A.E. 1995. Hydrothermal plumes and the delivery of iron to banded iron-formation. The Journal of Geology, 103(2): 169-185. doi:10.1086/629734
    • (1995) The Journal of Geology , vol.103 , Issue.2 , pp. 169-185
    • Isley, A.E.1
  • 46
    • 0032746444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plume-related mafic volcanism and the deposition of banded iron formation
    • doi:, 10.1029/1999JB900066
    • Isley, A.E., and Abbott, D.H. 1999. Plume-related mafic volcanism and the deposition of banded iron formation. Journal of Geophysical Research, 104(B7): 15461-15477. doi:10.1029/1999JB900066
    • (1999) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.104 , Issue.7 , pp. 15461-15477
    • Isley, A.E.1    Abbott, D.H.2
  • 47
    • 0034739925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Late Neoproterozoic cap carbonates: Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada: Precipitation and global glacial meltdown
    • doi:, 10.1139/e01-046
    • James, N.P., Narbonne, G.M., and Kyser, T.K. 2001. Late Neoproterozoic cap carbonates: Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada: precipitation and global glacial meltdown. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 38(8): 1229-1262. doi:10.1139/e01-046
    • (2001) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.38 , Issue.8 , pp. 1229-1262
    • James, N.P.1    Narbonne, G.M.2    Kyser, T.K.3
  • 48
    • 0024889221 scopus 로고
    • Late Proterozoic stratigraphy, U-Pb zircon ages, and rift tectonics, Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada
    • doi:, 10.1139/e89-151
    • Jefferson, C.W., and Parrish, R.R. 1989. Late Proterozoic stratigraphy, U-Pb zircon ages, and rift tectonics, Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 26(9): 1784-1801. doi:10.1139/e89-151
    • (1989) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.26 , Issue.9 , pp. 1784-1801
    • Jefferson, C.W.1    Parrish, R.R.2
  • 49
    • 0242632043 scopus 로고
    • The Late Proterozoic Redstone Copper Belt
    • Edited by J.A. Morin. Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, West Mount, Que. Special
    • Jefferson, C.W., and Ruelle, J.C.L. 1987. The late Proterozoic Redstone copper belt. In Mineral deposits of the northern Cordillera. Edited by J.A. Morin. Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, West Mount, Que. Special Vol. 37. pp. 154-168.
    • (1987) Mineral deposits of the northern Cordillera , vol.37 , pp. 154-168
    • Jefferson, C.W.1    Ruelle, J.C.L.2
  • 50
    • 0034053176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxyanion concentrations in eastern Sierra Nevada Rivers 3. Boron, molybdenum, vanadium, and tungsten
    • doi:, 10.1023/A:1009622219482
    • Johannesson, K.H., Lyons, W.B., Graham, E.Y., and Welch, K.A. 2000. Oxyanion concentrations in eastern Sierra Nevada Rivers 3. Boron, molybdenum, vanadium, and tungsten. Aquatic Geochemistry, 6(1): 19-46. doi:10.1023/A:1009622219482
    • (2000) Aquatic Geochemistry , vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp. 19-46
    • Johannesson, K.H.1    Lyons, W.B.2    Graham, E.Y.3    Welch, K.A.4
  • 51
    • 31544440752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do Archean chemical sediments record ancient seawater rare earth element patterns?
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.gca.2005.10.013
    • Johannesson, K.H., Hawkins, D.L., Jr, and Cortes, A. 2006. Do Archean chemical sediments record ancient seawater rare earth element patterns? Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 70(4): 871-890. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2005.10.013
    • (2006) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.70 , Issue.4 , pp. 871-890
    • Johannesson, K.H.1    Hawkins Jr., D.L.2    Cortes, A.3
  • 52
    • 74149092800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An emerging picture of Neoproterozoic ocean chemistry: Insights from the Chuar Group, Grand Canyon, USA
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.epsl.2009.11.059
    • Johnston, D.T., Poulton, S.W., Dehler, C., Porter, S., Husson, J., Canfield, D.E., and Knoll, A.H. 2010. An emerging picture of Neoproterozoic ocean chemistry: Insights from the Chuar Group, Grand Canyon, USA. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 290(1/2): 64-73. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.11.059
    • (2010) Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol.290 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 64-73
    • Johnston, D.T.1    Poulton, S.W.2    Dehler, C.3    Porter, S.4    Husson, J.5    Canfield, D.E.6    Knoll, A.H.7
  • 53
    • 67349229384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geochemical fingerprinting: 40 years of analytical development and real world applications
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.02.012
    • Kamber, B.S. 2009. Geochemical fingerprinting: 40 years of analytical development and real world applications. Applied Geochemistry, 24(6): 1074-1086. doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.02.012
    • (2009) Applied Geochemistry , vol.24 , Issue.6 , pp. 1074-1086
    • Kamber, B.S.1
  • 54
    • 77953294043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Archean mafic-ultramafic volcanic landmasses and their effect on ocean atmosphere chemistry
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.03.009
    • Kamber, B.S. 2010. Archean mafic-ultramafic volcanic landmasses and their effect on ocean atmosphere chemistry. Chemical Geology, 274(1/2): 19-28. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.03.009
    • (2010) Chemical Geology , vol.274 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 19-28
    • Kamber, B.S.1
  • 55
    • 2942579240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geochemistry of late Archean stromatolites from Zimbabwe: Evidence for microbial life in restricted epicontinental seas
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.precamres.2004.03.006
    • Kamber, B.S., Bolhar, R., and Webb, G.E. 2004. Geochemistry of late Archean stromatolites from Zimbabwe: evidence for microbial life in restricted epicontinental seas. Precambrian Research, 132 (4): 379-399. doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2004.03.006
    • (2004) Precambrian Research , vol.132 , Issue.4 , pp. 379-399
    • Kamber, B.S.1    Bolhar, R.2    Webb, G.E.3
  • 56
    • 14044264108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new estimate for the composition of weathered young upper continental crust from alluvial sediments, Queensland, Australia
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.gca.2004.08.020
    • Kamber, B.S., Greig, A., and Collerson, K.D. 2005. A new estimate for the composition of weathered young upper continental crust from alluvial sediments, Queensland, Australia. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 69(4): 1041-1058. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2004.08.020
    • (2005) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.69 , Issue.4 , pp. 1041-1058
    • Kamber, B.S.1    Greig, A.2    Collerson, K.D.3
  • 57
    • 72849126598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rare earth elements in Precambrian banded iron formations: Secular changes of Ce and Eu anomalies and evolution of atmospheric oxygen
    • Edited by S.E. Kesler and H. Ohmoto. The Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colo
    • Kato, Y., Yamaguchi, K.E., and Ohmoto, H. 2006. Rare earth elements in Precambrian banded iron formations: secular changes of Ce and Eu anomalies and evolution of atmospheric oxygen. In GSA Memoir 198: evolution of earth's atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere - constraints from ore deposits. Edited by S.E. Kesler and H. Ohmoto. The Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colo. pp. 269-289.
    • (2006) GSA Memoir 198: Evolution of Earth's Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, and Biosphere - Constraints From Ore Deposits , pp. 269-289
    • Kato, Y.1    Yamaguchi, K.E.2    Ohmoto, H.3
  • 60
    • 84856902264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geochemistry of Glacigenic Neoproterozoic Banded Iron Formations From the Kerma District (Iran)
    • Oslo, Norway, 6-14 August 2008. International Geological Congress, Oslo, Norway. Session CGC-04
    • Kianian, M., and Khakzad, A. 2008. Geochemistry of glacigenic Neoproterozoic banded iron formations from the Kerma District (Iran). In Proceedings of the 33rd International Geological Congress, Oslo, Norway, 6-14 August 2008. International Geological Congress, Oslo, Norway. Session CGC-04.
    • (2008) Proceedings of the 33rd International Geological Congress
    • Kianian, M.1    Khakzad, A.2
  • 62
    • 0027383555 scopus 로고
    • Sedimentology and geochemistry of the glaciogenic late Proterozoic Rapitan iron-formation in Canada
    • doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.88.3.542
    • Klein, C., and Beukes, N.J. 1993. Sedimentology and geochemistry of the glaciogenic late Proterozoic Rapitan iron-formation in Canada. Economic Geology and the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists, 88(3): 542-565. doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.88.3.542
    • (1993) Economic Geology and the Bulletin of The Society of Economic Geologists , vol.88 , Issue.3 , pp. 542-565
    • Klein, C.1    Beukes, N.J.2
  • 63
    • 12344315914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geochemistry and mineralogy of Neoproterozoic banded iron-formations and some selected, silicieous manganese formations form the Urucum District, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
    • doi:10.2113/99.6.1233
    • Klein, C., and Ladeira, E.A. 2004. Geochemistry and mineralogy of Neoproterozoic banded iron-formations and some selected, silicieous manganese formations form the Urucum District, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil. Economic Geology and the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists, 99(6): 1233-1244. doi:10.2113/99.6.1233
    • (2004) Economic Geology and the Bulletin of The Society of Economic Geologists , vol.99 , Issue.6 , pp. 1233-1244
    • Klein, C.1    Ladeira, E.A.2
  • 64
    • 0029900624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tungsten in biological systems
    • doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.1996.tb00226.x. PMID:8672295
    • Kletzin, A., and Adams, M.W.W. 1996. Tungsten in biological systems. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 18(1): 5-63. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.1996.tb00226.x. PMID:8672295
    • (1996) FEMS Microbiology Reviews , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-63
    • Kletzin, A.1    Adams, M.W.W.2
  • 65
    • 64749087356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oceanic nickel depletion and a methanogen famine before the Great Oxidation Event
    • doi:10.1038/nature07858. PMID:19360085
    • Konhauser, K.O., Pecoits, E., Lalonde, S.V., Papineau, D., Nisbet, E.G., Barley, M.E., et al. 2009. Oceanic nickel depletion and a methanogen famine before the Great Oxidation Event. Nature, 458(7239): 750-753. doi:10.1038/nature07858. PMID:19360085
    • (2009) Nature , vol.458 , Issue.7239 , pp. 750-753
    • Konhauser, K.O.1    Pecoits, E.2    Lalonde, S.V.3    Papineau, D.4    Nisbet, E.G.5    Barley, M.E.6
  • 66
    • 21344469473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrothermal Fe fluxes furing the Precambrian: Effect of low oceanic sulfate concentration and low hydrostatic pressure on the composition of black smokers
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.04.040
    • Kump, L.R., and Seyfried, W.E., Jr. 2005. Hydrothermal Fe fluxes furing the Precambrian: effect of low oceanic sulfate concentration and low hydrostatic pressure on the composition of black smokers. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 235(3/4): 654-662. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.04.040
    • (2005) Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol.235 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 654-662
    • Kump, L.R.1    Seyfried Jr., W.E.2
  • 67
    • 33645988552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The behaviour of the rare earth elements during estuarine mixing-revisited
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.marchem.2005.11.007
    • Lawrence, M.G., and Kamber, B.S. 2006. The behaviour of the rare earth elements during estuarine mixing-revisited. Marine Chemistry, 100(1/2): 147-161. doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2005.11.007
    • (2006) Marine Chemistry , vol.100 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 147-161
    • Lawrence, M.G.1    Kamber, B.S.2
  • 68
    • 33646416745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rare earth element and yttrium variability in South East Queensland waterways
    • doi:, 10.1007/s10498-005-4471-8
    • Lawrence, M.G., Greig, A., Collerson, K.D., and Kamber, B.S. 2006. Rare earth element and yttrium variability in South East Queensland waterways. Aquatic Geochemistry, 12(1): 39-72. doi:10.1007/s10498-005-4471-8
    • (2006) Aquatic Geochemistry , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 39-72
    • Lawrence, M.G.1    Greig, A.2    Collerson, K.D.3    Kamber, B.S.4
  • 69
    • 77950515474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A stratified redox model for the Ediacaran ocean
    • doi:, 10.1126/science.1182369. PMID:20150442
    • Li, C., Love, G.D., Lyons, T.W., Fike, D.A., Sessions, A.L., and Chu, X. 2010. A stratified redox model for the Ediacaran ocean. Science, 328(5974): 80-83. doi:10.1126/science.1182369. PMID:20150442
    • (2010) Science , vol.328 , Issue.5974 , pp. 80-83
    • Li, C.1    Love, G.D.2    Lyons, T.W.3    Fike, D.A.4    Sessions, A.L.5    Chu, X.6
  • 71
    • 0034031527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geochemistry, petrology and origin of Neoproterozoic ironstones in the eastern part of the Adelaide Geosyncline, South Australia
    • doi:, 10.1016/S0301-9268(99)00098-4
    • Lottermoser, B.G., and Ashley, P.M. 2000. Geochemistry, petrology and origin of Neoproterozoic ironstones in the eastern part of the Adelaide Geosyncline, South Australia. Precambrian Research, 101(1): 49-67. doi:10.1016/S0301-9268(99)00098-4
    • (2000) Precambrian Research , vol.101 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-67
    • Lottermoser, B.G.1    Ashley, P.M.2
  • 72
    • 0037446415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrasting sulfur geochemistry and Fe/Al and Mo/Al ratios across the last oxic-to-anoxic transition in the Cariaco Basin, Venezuela
    • doi:, 10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00392-3
    • Lyons, T.W., Werne, J.P., Hollander, D.J., and Murray, R.W. 2003. Contrasting sulfur geochemistry and Fe/Al and Mo/Al ratios across the last oxic-to-anoxic transition in the Cariaco Basin, Venezuela. Chemical Geology, 195(1-4): 131-157. doi:10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00392-3
    • (2003) Chemical Geology , vol.195 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 131-157
    • Lyons, T.W.1    Werne, J.P.2    Hollander, D.J.3    Murray, R.W.4
  • 73
    • 77749292050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calibrating the Cryogenian
    • doi:, 10.1126/science.1183325.PMID:20203045
    • Macdonald, F.A., Schmitz, M.D., Crowley, J.L., Roots, C.F., Jones, D.S., Maloof, A.C., et al. 2010a. Calibrating the Cryogenian. Science, 327(5970): 1241-1243. doi:10.1126/science.1183325.PMID:20203045
    • (2010) Science , vol.327 , Issue.5970 , pp. 1241-1243
    • Macdonald, F.A.1    Schmitz, M.D.2    Crowley, J.L.3    Roots, C.F.4    Jones, D.S.5    Maloof, A.C.6
  • 74
    • 79952810252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratigraphy of the Port Nolloth Group of Namibia and South Africa and implications for the age of Neoproterozoic iron formations
    • doi:, 10.2475/09.2010.05
    • Macdonald, F.A., Strauss, J.V., Rose, C.V., Dudás, F.Ö., and Schrag, D.P. 2010b. Stratigraphy of the Port Nolloth Group of Namibia and South Africa and implications for the age of Neoproterozoic iron formations. American Journal of Science, 310(9): 862-888. doi:10.2475/09.2010.05
    • (2010) American Journal of Science , vol.310 , Issue.9 , pp. 862-888
    • Macdonald, F.A.1    Strauss, J.V.2    Rose, C.V.3    Dudás, F.O.4    Schrag, D.P.5
  • 75
    • 77954533427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trace-element systematics of sediments in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia: Sediment provenance and palaeoclimate implications of fine scale heterogeneity
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.05.007
    • Marx, S.K., and Kamber, B.S. 2010. Trace-element systematics of sediments in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia: sediment provenance and palaeoclimate implications of fine scale heterogeneity. Applied Geochemistry, 25(8): 1221-1237. doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.05.007
    • (2010) Applied Geochemistry , vol.25 , Issue.8 , pp. 1221-1237
    • Marx, S.K.1    Kamber, B.S.2
  • 76
    • 52749088606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for basin restiction during syn-collisional basin formation in the Silurian Arisaig Group, Nova Scotia
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.016
    • Meyer, E.E., Burgreen, B.N., Lackey, H., Landis, J.D., Quicksall, A.N., and Bostick, B.C. 2008. Evidence for basin restiction during syn-collisional basin formation in the Silurian Arisaig Group, Nova Scotia. Chemical Geology, 256(1/2): 1-11. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.016
    • (2008) Chemical Geology , vol.256 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 1-11
    • Meyer, E.E.1    Burgreen, B.N.2    Lackey, H.3    Landis, J.D.4    Quicksall, A.N.5    Bostick, B.C.6
  • 77
    • 65249165958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A contemporary microbially maintained subglacial ferrous ocean
    • doi:, 10.1126/science.1167350. PMID:19372431
    • Mikucki, J.A., Pearson, A., Johnston, D.T., Turchyn, A.V., Farquhar, J., Schrag, D.P., et al. 2009. A contemporary microbially maintained subglacial ferrous "ocean". Science, 324(5925): 397-400. doi:10.1126/science.1167350. PMID:19372431
    • (2009) Science , vol.324 , Issue.5925 , pp. 397-400
    • Mikucki, J.A.1    Pearson, A.2    Johnston, D.T.3    Turchyn, A.V.4    Farquhar, J.5    Schrag, D.P.6
  • 78
    • 0032736294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The geochemistry of redox sensitive trace metals in sediments
    • doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00126-X
    • Morford, J.L., and Emerson, S. 1999. The geochemistry of redox sensitive trace metals in sediments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 63(11/12): 1735-1750. doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00126-X
    • (1999) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.63 , Issue.11-12 , pp. 1735-1750
    • Morford, J.L.1    Emerson, S.2
  • 79
    • 28344437886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagenesis of oxyanions (V, U, Re, and Mo) in pore waters and sediments from a continental margin
    • doi:10.1016/j.gca.2005.05.015
    • Morford, J.L., Emerson, S.R., Breckel, E.J., and Kim, S.H. 2005. Diagenesis of oxyanions (V, U, Re, and Mo) in pore waters and sediments from a continental margin. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 69(21): 5021-5032. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2005.05.015
    • (2005) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.69 , Issue.21 , pp. 5021-5032
    • Morford, J.L.1    Emerson, S.R.2    Breckel, E.J.3    Kim, S.H.4
  • 80
    • 0028885408 scopus 로고
    • Neoproterozoic of the Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada
    • doi:10.1016/0301-9268(94)00073-Z
    • Narbonne, G.M., and Aitken, J.D. 1995. Neoproterozoic of the Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada. Precambrian Research, 73(1/4): 101-121. doi:10.1016/0301-9268(94)00073-Z
    • (1995) Precambrian Research , vol.73 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 101-121
    • Narbonne, G.M.1    Aitken, J.D.2
  • 81
    • 0942302099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rare earth element geochemistry of Late Devonian reefal carbonate, Canning Basin, Western Australia: Confirmation of a seawater REE proxy in ancient limestones
    • doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00422-8
    • Nothdurft, L.D., Webb, G.E., and Kamber, B.S. 2004. Rare earth element geochemistry of Late Devonian reefal carbonate, Canning Basin, Western Australia: confirmation of a seawater REE proxy in ancient limestones. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 68(2): 263-283. doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00422-8
    • (2004) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.68 , Issue.2 , pp. 263-283
    • Nothdurft, L.D.1    Webb, G.E.2    Kamber, B.S.3
  • 82
    • 0033373045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic correlation of the Ce anomaly with the Co/(Ni + Cu) ratio and Y fractionation from Ho in distinct types of Pacific deepsea nodules
    • doi:10.2343/geochemj.33.399
    • Ohta, A., Ishii, S., Sakakibara, M., Mizuno, A., and Kawabe, I. 1999. Systematic correlation of the Ce anomaly with the Co/(Ni + Cu) ratio and Y fractionation from Ho in distinct types of Pacific deepsea nodules. Geochemical Journal, 33(6): 399-417. doi:10.2343/geochemj.33.399
    • (1999) Geochemical Journal , vol.33 , Issue.6 , pp. 399-417
    • Ohta, A.1    Ishii, S.2    Sakakibara, M.3    Mizuno, A.4    Kawabe, I.5
  • 83
    • 69249222510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bottom water oxygenation history in southeastern Arabian Sea during the past 140 ka: Results from redox-sensitive elements
    • doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.06.027
    • Pattan, J.N., and Pearce, N.J.G. 2009. Bottom water oxygenation history in southeastern Arabian Sea during the past 140 ka: results from redox-sensitive elements. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 280(3-4): 396-405. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.06.027
    • (2009) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology , vol.280 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 396-405
    • Pattan, J.N.1    Pearce, N.J.G.2
  • 84
    • 43549119529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ediacaran in Uruguay: Palaeoclimatic and palaeobiological implications
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-3091.2007.00918.x
    • Pecoits, E., Gingras, M., Aubet, N., and Konhauser, K. 2008. Ediacaran in Uruguay: palaeoclimatic and palaeobiological implications. Sedimentology, 55(3): 689-719. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3091.2007.00918.x
    • (2008) Sedimentology , vol.55 , Issue.3 , pp. 689-719
    • Pecoits, E.1    Gingras, M.2    Aubet, N.3    Konhauser, K.4
  • 85
    • 0036076416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rare-earth element contents of Jurassic fish and reptile teeth and their potential relation to seawater composition (Anglo-Paris basin, France and England)
    • doi:10.1016/S0009-2541(01)00424-7
    • Picard, S., Lécuyer, C., Barrat, J.-A., Garcia, J.P., Dromart, G., and Sheppard, S.M.F. 2002. Rare-earth element contents of Jurassic fish and reptile teeth and their potential relation to seawater composition (Anglo-Paris basin, France and England). Chemical Geology, 186(1/2): 1-16. doi:10.1016/S0009-2541(01)00424-7
    • (2002) Chemical Geology , vol.186 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 1-16
    • Picard, S.1    Lécuyer, C.2    Barrat, J.-A.3    Garcia, J.P.4    Dromart, G.5    Sheppard, S.M.F.6
  • 86
    • 77957865467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rare earth element and yttrium compositions of Archean and Paleoproterozoic Fe formations revisited: New perspectives on the significance and mechanisms of deposition
    • doi:10.1016/j.gca.2010.07.021
    • Planavsky, N., Bekker, A., Rouxel, O.J., Kamber, B., Hofmann, A., Knudsen, A., and Lyons, T.W. 2010a. Rare earth element and yttrium compositions of Archean and Paleoproterozoic Fe formations revisited: new perspectives on the significance and mechanisms of deposition. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 74(22): 6387-6405. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2010.07.021
    • (2010) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.74 , Issue.22 , pp. 6387-6405
    • Planavsky, N.1    Bekker, A.2    Rouxel, O.J.3    Kamber, B.4    Hofmann, A.5    Knudsen, A.6    Lyons, T.W.7
  • 87
    • 78049363189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of the marine phosphate reservoir
    • doi:10.1038/nature09485. PMID:20981096
    • Planavsky, N., Rouxel, O.J., Bekker, A., Lalonde, S.V., Konhauser, K.O., Reinhard, C.T., and Lyons, T.W. 2010b. The evolution of the marine phosphate reservoir. Nature, 467(7319): 1088-1090. doi:10.1038/nature09485. PMID:20981096
    • (2010) Nature , vol.467 , Issue.7319 , pp. 1088-1090
    • Planavsky, N.1    Rouxel, O.J.2    Bekker, A.3    Lalonde, S.V.4    Konhauser, K.O.5    Reinhard, C.T.6    Lyons, T.W.7
  • 88
    • 60749117430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U-Th-Pb-REE systematics of organic-rich shales from the ca. 2.15 Ga Sengoma Argillite Formation, Botswana: Evidence for oxidative continental weathering during the Great Oxidation Event
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.10.038
    • Pollack, G.D., Krogstad, E.J., and Bekker, A. 2009. U-Th-Pb-REE systematics of organic-rich shales from the ca. 2.15 Ga Sengoma Argillite Formation, Botswana: evidence for oxidative continental weathering during the Great Oxidation Event. Chemical Geology, 260(3-4): 172-185. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.10.038
    • (2009) Chemical Geology , vol.260 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 172-185
    • Pollack, G.D.1    Krogstad, E.J.2    Bekker, A.3
  • 89
    • 79958824271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ferruginous conditions: A dominant feature of the ocean through earth's history
    • doi:, 10.2113/gselements.7.2.107
    • Poulton, S.W., and Canfield, D.E. 2011. Ferruginous conditions: a dominant feature of the ocean through earth's history. Elements, 7 (2): 107-112. doi:10.2113/gselements.7.2.107
    • (2011) Elements , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 107-112
    • Poulton, S.W.1    Canfield, D.E.2
  • 90
    • 4544356069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The transition to a sulphidic ocean ~1.84 billion years ago
    • doi:, 10.1038/nature02912
    • Poulton, S.W., Fralick, P.W., and Canfield, D.E. 2004. The transition to a sulphidic ocean ~1.84 billion years ago. Nature, 431(7005): 173-177. doi:10.1038/nature02912
    • (2004) Nature , vol.431 , Issue.7005 , pp. 173-177
    • Poulton, S.W.1    Fralick, P.W.2    Canfield, D.E.3
  • 91
    • 77954235598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial variability in oceanic redox structure 1.8 billion years ago
    • doi:, 10.1038/ngeo889
    • Poulton, S.W., Fralick, P.W., and Canfield, D.E. 2010. Spatial variability in oceanic redox structure 1.8 billion years ago. Nature Geoscience, 3(7): 486-490. doi:10.1038/ngeo889
    • (2010) Nature Geoscience , vol.3 , Issue.7 , pp. 486-490
    • Poulton, S.W.1    Fralick, P.W.2    Canfield, D.E.3
  • 92
    • 77956039316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the Paleoproterozoic Animikie Basin record the sulfidic ocean transition?
    • doi:, 10.1130/G30747.1
    • Pufahl, P.K., Hiatt, E.E., and Kyser, T.K. 2010. Does the Paleoproterozoic Animikie Basin record the sulfidic ocean transition? Geology, 38(7): 659-662. doi:10.1130/G30747.1
    • (2010) Geology , vol.38 , Issue.7 , pp. 659-662
    • Pufahl, P.K.1    Hiatt, E.E.2    Kyser, T.K.3
  • 93
    • 33646400584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contributions from glacially derived sediment to the global iron (oxyhydr)oxide cycle: Implications for iron delivery to the oceans
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.gca.2005.12.027
    • Raiswell, R., Tranter, M., Benning, L.G., Siegert, M., De'ath, R., Huybrechts, P., and Payne, T. 2006. Contributions from glacially derived sediment to the global iron (oxyhydr)oxide cycle: implications for iron delivery to the oceans. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 70(11): 2765-2780. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2005.12.027
    • (2006) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.70 , Issue.11 , pp. 2765-2780
    • Raiswell, R.1    Tranter, M.2    Benning, L.G.3    Siegert, M.4    De'ath, R.5    Huybrechts, P.6    Payne, T.7
  • 94
    • 0022886295 scopus 로고
    • Geochemical aspects of stratiform and red-bed copper deposits in the Catskill Formation (Pennsylvania, USA) and Redstone Area (Canada). Sequence of mineralization in sedimenthosted copper deposits (part 3)
    • Edited by G.H. Friedrich. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany
    • Rose, A.W., Smith, A.T., Lustwerk, R.L., Ohmoto, H., and Hoy, L.D. 1986. Geochemical aspects of stratiform and red-bed copper deposits in the Catskill Formation (Pennsylvania, USA) and Redstone Area (Canada). Sequence of mineralization in sedimenthosted copper deposits (part 3). In Geology and metallogeny of copper deposits. Edited by G.H. Friedrich. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. pp. 414-421.
    • (1986) Geology and Metallogeny of Copper Deposits , pp. 414-421
    • Rose, A.W.1    Smith, A.T.2    Lustwerk, R.L.3    Ohmoto, H.4    Hoy, L.D.5
  • 95
    • 0003567397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U-Pb geochronology of stranger stones in Neoproterozoic diamictites, Canadian Cordillera: Implications for provenance and ages of deposition. Radiogenic age and isotopic studies: Report 10
    • Geological Survey of Canada, Current Research 1997-F
    • Ross, G.M., and Villeneuve, M.E. 1997. U-Pb geochronology of stranger stones in Neoproterozoic diamictites, Canadian Cordillera: implications for provenance and ages of deposition. Radiogenic age and isotopic studies: report 10. Geological Survey of Canada, Current Research 1997-F. pp. 141-155.
    • (1997) , pp. 141-155
    • Ross, G.M.1    Villeneuve, M.E.2
  • 96
    • 41349120544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracing the stepwise oxygenation of the Proterozoic ocean
    • doi:, 10.1038/nature06811. PMID:18368114
    • Scott, C., Lyons, T.W., Bekker, A., Shen, Y., Poulton, S.W., Chu, X., and Anbar, A.D. 2008. Tracing the stepwise oxygenation of the Proterozoic ocean. Nature, 452(7186): 456-459. doi:10.1038/nature06811. PMID:18368114
    • (2008) Nature , vol.452 , Issue.7186 , pp. 456-459
    • Scott, C.1    Lyons, T.W.2    Bekker, A.3    Shen, Y.4    Poulton, S.W.5    Chu, X.6    Anbar, A.D.7
  • 97
    • 12344304556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors controlling tungsten concentrations in ground water, Carson Desert, Nevada
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.09.002
    • Seiler, R.L., Stollenwerk, K.G., and Garbarino, J.R. 2005. Factors controlling tungsten concentrations in ground water, Carson Desert, Nevada. Applied Geochemistry, 20(2): 423-441. doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.09.002
    • (2005) Applied Geochemistry , vol.20 , Issue.2 , pp. 423-441
    • Seiler, R.L.1    Stollenwerk, K.G.2    Garbarino, J.R.3
  • 98
    • 0036017983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Middle Proterozoic ocean chemistry: Evidence from the McArthur basin, Northern Australia
    • doi:, 10.2475/ajs.302.2.81
    • Shen, Y., Canfield, D.E., and Knoll, A.H. 2002. Middle Proterozoic ocean chemistry: evidence from the McArthur basin, Northern Australia. American Journal of Science, 302(2): 81-109. doi:10.2475/ajs.302.2.81
    • (2002) American Journal of Science , vol.302 , Issue.2 , pp. 81-109
    • Shen, Y.1    Canfield, D.E.2    Knoll, A.H.3
  • 99
    • 0038172490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for low sulphate and anoxia in a mid-Proterozoic marine basin
    • doi:, 10.1038/nature01651
    • Shen, Y., Knoll, A.H., and Walter, M.R. 2003. Evidence for low sulphate and anoxia in a mid-Proterozoic marine basin. Nature, 423(6940): 632-635. doi:10.1038/nature01651
    • (2003) Nature , vol.423 , Issue.6940 , pp. 632-635
    • Shen, Y.1    Knoll, A.H.2    Walter, M.R.3
  • 100
    • 1442314014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Has the REE composition of seawater changed over geological time?
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2003.09.010
    • Shields, G.A., and Webb, G.E. 2004. Has the REE composition of seawater changed over geological time? Chemical Geology, 204(1/2): 103-107. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2003.09.010
    • (2004) Chemical Geology , vol.204 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 103-107
    • Shields, G.A.1    Webb, G.E.2
  • 101
    • 79952856182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The case for a Neoproterozoic oxygenation event: Geochemical evidence and biological consequences
    • doi:, 10.1130/GSATG102A.1
    • Shields-Zhou, G., and Och, L. 2011. The case for a Neoproterozoic oxygenation event: geochemical evidence and biological consequences. GSA Today, 21(3): 4-11. doi:10.1130/GSATG102A.1
    • (2011) GSA Today , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 4-11
    • Shields-Zhou, G.1    Och, L.2
  • 102
    • 33847034775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suboxic deep seawater in the late Paleoproterozoic: Evidence from hematitic chert and iron formation related to seafloor - hydrothermal sulfide deposits, central Arizona, USA
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.epsl.2006.12.018
    • Slack, J.F., Grenne, T., Bekker, A., Rouxel, O.J., and Lindberg, P.A. 2007. Suboxic deep seawater in the late Paleoproterozoic: evidence from hematitic chert and iron formation related to seafloor - hydrothermal sulfide deposits, central Arizona, USA. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 255(1/2): 243-256. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2006.12.018
    • (2007) Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol.255 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 243-256
    • Slack, J.F.1    Grenne, T.2    Bekker, A.3    Rouxel, O.J.4    Lindberg, P.A.5
  • 105
    • 10644225309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced trapping of molybdenum by sulfurized marine organic matter of marine origin in Mesozoic limestones and shales
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.08.011
    • Tribovillard, N., Riboulleau, A., Lyons, T., and Baudin, F. 2004. Enhanced trapping of molybdenum by sulfurized marine organic matter of marine origin in Mesozoic limestones and shales. Chemical Geology, 213(4): 385-401. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.08.011
    • (2004) Chemical Geology , vol.213 , Issue.4 , pp. 385-401
    • Tribovillard, N.1    Riboulleau, A.2    Lyons, T.3    Baudin, F.4
  • 106
    • 33746415306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trace metals as paleoredox and paleoproductivity proxies: An update
    • doi:, 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.02.012
    • Tribovillard, N., Algeo, T.J., Lyons, T., and Riboulleau, A. 2006. Trace metals as paleoredox and paleoproductivity proxies: an update. Chemical Geology, 232(1/2): 12-32. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.02.012
    • (2006) Chemical Geology , vol.232 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 12-32
    • Tribovillard, N.1    Algeo, T.J.2    Lyons, T.3    Riboulleau, A.4
  • 107
    • 0032434126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geological evolution of the Neoproterozoic Corumbá graben system (Brazil). Depositional context of the stratified Fe and Mn ores of the Jacadigo Group
    • doi:, 10.1016/S0895-9811(98)00036-4
    • Trompette, R., De Alvarenga, C.J.S., and Walde, D. 1998. Geological evolution of the Neoproterozoic Corumbá graben system (Brazil). Depositional context of the stratified Fe and Mn ores of the Jacadigo Group. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 11(6): 587-597. doi:10.1016/S0895-9811(98)00036-4
    • (1998) Journal of South American Earth Sciences , vol.11 , Issue.6 , pp. 587-597
    • Trompette, R.1    de Alvarenga, C.J.S.2    Walde, D.3
  • 108
    • 73849094390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging element-distribution patterns in minerals by laser ablation - inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-M.S.)
    • doi:10.3749/canmin.47.5.1001
    • Ulrich, T., Kamber, B.S., Jugo, P.J., and Tinkham, D.K. 2009. Imaging element-distribution patterns in minerals by laser ablation - inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-M.S.). Canadian Mineralogist, 47(5): 1001-1012. doi:10.3749/canmin.47.5.1001
    • (2009) Canadian Mineralogist , vol.47 , Issue.5 , pp. 1001-1012
    • Ulrich, T.1    Kamber, B.S.2    Jugo, P.J.3    Tinkham, D.K.4
  • 109
    • 0037141201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pitfalls of normalisation of marine geochemical data using a common divisor
    • doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00297-3
    • Van der Weijden, C.H. 2002. Pitfalls of normalisation of marine geochemical data using a common divisor. Marine Geology, 184(3/4): 167-187. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00297-3
    • (2002) Marine Geology , vol.184 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 167-187
    • van der Weijden, C.H.1
  • 110
    • 0034072482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rare earth elements in Holocene reefal microbialites: A new shallow seawater proxy
    • doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00400-7
    • Webb, G.E., and Kamber, B.S. 2000. Rare earth elements in Holocene reefal microbialites: a new shallow seawater proxy. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 64(9): 1557-1565. doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00400-7
    • (2000) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.64 , Issue.9 , pp. 1557-1565
    • Webb, G.E.1    Kamber, B.S.2
  • 112
    • 0002871811 scopus 로고
    • The late Proterozoic Rapitan glaciation in the northern Cordillera
    • Edited by F. H.A. Campbell. Geological Survey of Canada Paper 81-10
    • Yeo, G.M. 1981. The late Proterozoic Rapitan glaciation in the northern Cordillera. In Proterozoic basins of Canada. Edited by F. H.A. Campbell. Geological Survey of Canada Paper 81-10. pp. 25-46.
    • (1981) Proterozoic Basins of Canada , pp. 25-46
    • Yeo, G.M.1
  • 113
    • 0000306570 scopus 로고
    • Iron-formation and glaciogenic rocks of the Rapitan Group, Northwest Territories, Canada
    • doi:10.1016/0301-9268(76)90030-9
    • Young, G.M. 1976. Iron-formation and glaciogenic rocks of the Rapitan Group, Northwest Territories, Canada. PrecambrianResearch, 3(2): 137-158. doi:10.1016/0301-9268(76)90030-9
    • (1976) PrecambrianResearch , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 137-158
    • Young, G.M.1
  • 114
    • 0024255358 scopus 로고
    • Proterozoic plate tectonics, glaciation and ironformations
    • doi:10.1016/0037-0738(88)90066-8
    • Young, G.M. 1988. Proterozoic plate tectonics, glaciation and ironformations. Sedimentary Geology, 58(2/4): 127-144. doi:10.1016/0037-0738(88)90066-8
    • (1988) Sedimentary Geology , vol.58 , Issue.2-4 , pp. 127-144
    • Young, G.M.1
  • 115
    • 84879882114 scopus 로고
    • Late Proterozoic stratigraphy and the Canada- Australia connection
    • doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1992)0200215:LPSATC2.3.CO;2
    • Young, G.M. 1992. Late Proterozoic stratigraphy and the Canada- Australia connection. Geology, 20(3): 215-218. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1992)0200215:LPSATC2.3.CO;2
    • (1992) Geology , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 215-218
    • Young, G.M.1
  • 116
    • 0036880803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratigraphic and tectonic settings of Proterozoic glaciogenic rocks and banded iron-formations: Relevance to the snowball earth debate
    • doi:10.1016/S0899-5362(02)00158-6
    • Young, G.M. 2002. Stratigraphic and tectonic settings of Proterozoic glaciogenic rocks and banded iron-formations: relevance to the snowball earth debate. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 35(4): 451-466. doi:10.1016/S0899-5362(02)00158-6
    • (2002) Journal of African Earth Sciences , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 451-466
    • Young, G.M.1
  • 117
    • 0030428309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rare earth elements and yttrium in seawater: ICP-M.S. determinations in the East Caroline, Coal Sea, and South Fiji basins of the western South Pacific Ocean
    • doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00276-1
    • Zhang, J., and Nozaki, Y. 1996. Rare earth elements and yttrium in seawater: ICP-M.S. determinations in the East Caroline, Coal Sea, and South Fiji basins of the western South Pacific Ocean. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 60(23): 4631-4644. doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00276-1
    • (1996) Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.60 , Issue.23 , pp. 4631-4644
    • Zhang, J.1    Nozaki, Y.2
  • 118
    • 0007459845 scopus 로고
    • Frühpaläozoiche Tillite im östlichen Yukon-Territorium (Kanada)
    • Ziegler, P.A. 1959. Frühpaläozoiche Tillite im östlichen Yukon-Territorium (Kanada). Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 52(2): 735-741.
    • (1959) Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae , vol.52 , Issue.2 , pp. 735-741
    • Ziegler, P.A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.