Enhanced mobility-lifetime products in PbS colloidal quantum dot photovoltaics

ACS Nano

Volumn 6, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 89-99

  Jeong, Kwang S ^a   Tang, Jiang ^b   Liu, Huan ^b,c   Kim, Jihye ^a   Schaefer, Andrew W ^a   Kemp, Kyle ^b   Levina, Larissa ^b   Wang, Xihua ^b   Hoogland, Sjoerd ^b   Debnath, Ratan ^b   Brzozowski, Lukasz ^b   Sargent, Edward H ^b   Asbury, John B ^a  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^c HUAZHONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (China)

Author keywords

charge trapping; colloidal quantum dot; mobility lifetime products; photovoltaics; time resolved infrared spectroscopy

Indexed keywords

3-MERCAPTOPROPIONIC ACID; CARRIER DIFFUSION LENGTH; CHARGE TRAP STATE; EXTERNAL QUANTUM EFFICIENCY; LEAD CHALCOGENIDES; LIGAND PASSIVATION; LOWER DENSITY; MOBILITY-LIFETIME PRODUCTS; NEAR INFRARED; NEAR-IR; OPTICAL CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUE; OPTICAL MEASUREMENT; PASSIVATION STRATEGY; PBS NANOCRYSTAL; PHOTOVOLTAIC LAYERS; PHOTOVOLTAICS; POWER CONVERSION EFFICIENCIES; SOLAR SPECTRUM; SURFACE STATE; TIME RESOLVED INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; TRAP DISTRIBUTIONS; VISIBLE REGION;

CHARGE TRAPPING; CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; EFFICIENCY; INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; LIGANDS; OPTICAL DATA PROCESSING; PASSIVATION; PHASE CHANGE MEMORY; PHOTOVOLTAIC EFFECTS; SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS;

QUANTUM EFFICIENCY;

LEAD; LEAD SELENIDE; QUANTUM DOT; SELENIUM DERIVATIVE;

ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; COLLOID; EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; POWER SUPPLY; SOLAR ENERGY;

COLLOIDS; ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLIES; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; EQUIPMENT FAILURE ANALYSIS; LEAD; QUANTUM DOTS; SELENIUM COMPOUNDS; SOLAR ENERGY;

EID: 84856183601     PISSN: 19360851     EISSN: 1936086X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/nn2039164     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Green, M. A.; Emery, K.; Hishikawa, Y.; Warta, W. Solar Cell Efficiency Tables (Version 35) Prog. Photovoltaics 2010, 18, 144-150
2. Tang, J.; Sargent, E. H. Infrared Colloidal Quantum Dots for Photovoltaics: Fundamentals and Recent Progress Adv. Mater. 2011, 23, 12-29
3. Wang, X.; Koleilat, G. I.; Tang, J.; Liu, H.; Kramer, I. J.; Debnath, R.; Brzozowski, L.; Barkhouse, A. R.; Levina, L.; Hoogland, S.; Sargent, E. H. Tendem Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells Employing a Graded Recombination Layer Nat. Photonics 2011, 5, 480-484
4. Johnston, K. W.; Pattantyus-Abraham, A. G.; Clifford, J. P.; Myrskog, S. H.; MacNeil, D. D.; Levina, L.; Sargent, E. H. Schottky-Quantum Dot Photovoltaics for Efficient Infrared Power Conversion Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 92, 151115(3)
5. Tang, J.; Brzozowski, L.; Barkhouse, D. A. R.; Wang, X.; Debnath, R.; Wolowiec, R.; Palmiano, E.; Levina, L.; Pattantyus-Abraham, A. G.; Jamakosmanovic, D.; Sargent, E. H. Quantum Dot Photovoltaics in the Extreme Quantum Confinement Regime: The Surface-Chemical Origins of Exceptional Air- and Light-Stability ACS Nano 2010, 4, 869-878
6. Debnath, R.; Tang, J.; Barkhouse, D. A. R.; Wang, X.; Pattantyus-Abraham, A. G.; Brzozowski, L.; Levina, L.; Sargent, E. H. Ambient-Processed Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells via Individual Pre-encapsulation of Nanoparticles J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 5952-5953
7. Zhao, N.; Osedach, T. P.; Chang, L. Y.; Geyer, S. M.; Wanger, D.; Binda, M. T.; Arango, A. C.; Bawendi, M. G.; Bulovic, V. Colloidal PbS Quantum Dot Solar Cells with High Fill Factor ACS Nano 2010, 4, 3743-3752
8. Luther, J. M.; Law, M.; Beard, M. C.; Song, Q.; Reese, M. O.; Ellingson, R. J.; Nozik, A. J. Schottky Solar Cells Based on Colloidal Nanocrystal Films Nano Lett. 2008, 8, 3488-3492
9. x -1 Nanocrystals Nano Lett. 2009, 9, 1699-1703
10. Pattantyus-Abraham, A. G.; Kramer, I. J.; Barkhouse, A. R.; Wang, X.; Konstantatos, G.; Debnath, R.; Levina, L.; Nazeeruddin, M. K.; Gratzel, M.; Sargent, E. H. Depleted-Heterojunction Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells ACS Nano 2010, 4, 3374-3380
11. Luther, J. M.; Gao, J.; Lloyd, M. T.; Semonin, O. E.; Beard, M. C.; Nozik, A. J. Stability Assessment on a 3% Bilayer PbS/ZnO Quantum Dot Heterojunction Solar Cell Adv. Mater. 2010, 22, 3704-3707
12. Choi, J. J.; Lim, Y.-F.; Santiago-Berrios, M. B.; Oh, M.; Hyun, B.-R.; Sun, L.; Bartnik, A. C.; Goedhard, A.; Malliaras, G. G.; Abruna, H. D.; Wise, F. W.; Hanrath, T. PbSe Nanocrystal Excitonic Solar Cells Nano Lett. 2009, 9, 3749-3755
13. Leschkies, K. S.; Beatty, T. J.; Kang, M. S.; Norris, D. J.; Aydil, E. S. Solar Cells Based on Junctions Between Colloidal PbSe Nanocrystals and Thin ZnO Films ACS Nano 2009, 3, 3638-3648
14. Leschkies, K. S.; Jacobs, A. G.; Norris, D. J.; Aydil, E. S. Nanowire-Quantum-Dot Solar Cells and the Influence of Nanowire Length on the Charge Collection Efficiency Appl. Phys. Lett. 2009, 95, 193103(3)
15. Tsang, S. W.; Fu, H.; Wang, R.; Lu, J.; Yu, K.; Tao, Y. Highly Efficient Cross-Linked PbS Nanocrystal/C60 Hybrid Heterojunction Photovoltaic Cells Appl. Phys. Lett. 2009, 95, 183505(3)
16. Johnston, K. W.; Pattantyus-Abraham, A. G.; Clifford, J. P.; Myrskog, S. H.; Hoogland, S.; Shukla, H.; Klem, E. J. D.; Levina, L.; Sargent, E. H. Efficient Schottky-Quantum-Dot Photovoltaics: The Roles of Depletion, Drift, and Diffusion Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 92, 122111(3)
17. Koleilat, G. I.; Levina, L.; Shukla, H.; Myrskog, S. H.; Hinds, S.; Pattantyus-Abraham, A. G.; Sargent, E. H. Efficient, Stable Infrared Photovoltaics Based on Solution-Cast Colloidal Quantum Dots ACS Nano 2008, 2, 833-840
18. Barkhouse, D. A. R.; Debnath, R.; Kramer, I. J.; Zhitomirsky, D.; Pattantyus-Abraham, A. G.; Levina, L.; Etgar, L.; Gratzel, M.; Sargent, E. H. Depleted Bulk Heterojunction Colloidal Quantum Dot Photovoltaics Adv. Mater. 2011, 23, 3134-3138
19. Talapin, D. V.; Lee, J.-S.; Kovalenko, M. V.; Shevchenko, E. V. Prospects of Colloidal Nanocrystals for Electronic and Optoelectronic Applications Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 389-458
20. Sargent, E. H. Infrared Photovoltaics Made by Solution Processing Nat. Photonics 2009, 3, 325-331
21. Milliron, D. J.; Gur, I.; Alivisatos, A. P. Hybrid Organic-Nanocrystal Solar Cells MRS Bull. 2005, 30, 41-44
22. Gur, I.; Fromer, N. A.; Chen, C.-P.; Kanaras, A. G.; Alivisatos, A. P. Hybrid Solar Cells with Prescribed Nanoscale Morphologies Based on Hyperbranched Semiconductor Nanocrystals Nano Lett. 2007, 7, 409-414
23. Talapin, D. V.; Murray, C. B. PbSe Nanocrystal Solids for n- and p-Channel Thin Film Field-Effect Transistors Science 2005, 310, 86-89
24. Urban, J. J.; Talapin, D. V.; Shevchenko, E. V.; Murray, C. B. Self-Assembly of PbTe Quantum Dots into Nanocrystal Superlattices and Glassy Films J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 3248-3255
25. Sun, B.; Findikoglu, A. T.; Sykora, M.; Werder, D. J.; Klimov, V. I. Hybrid Photovoltaics Based on Semiconductor Nanocrystals and Amorphous Silicon Nano Lett. 2009, 9, 1235-1241
26. Kovalenko, M. V.; Scheele, M.; Talapin, D. V. Colloidal Nanocrystals with Molecular Metal Chalcogenide Surface Ligands Science 2009, 324, 1417-1420
27. Kovalenko, M. V.; Bodnarchuk, M. I.; Zaumseil, J.; Lee, J.-S.; Talapin, D. V. Expanding the Chemical Versatility of Colloidal Nanocrystals Capped with Molecular Metal Chalcogenide Ligands J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 10085-10092
28. Porter, V. J.; Geyer, S.; Halpert, J. E.; Kastner, M. A.; Bawendi, M. G. Photoconductivity in Annealed and Chemically Treated CdSe/ZnS Inorganic Nanocrystal Films J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 2308-2316
29. Geyer, S.; Porter, V. J.; Halpert, J. E.; Mentzel, T. S.; Kastner, M. A.; Bawendi, M. G. Charge Transport in Mixed CdSe and CdTe Colloidal Nanocrystal Films Phys. Rev. B 2010, 82, 155201(8)
30. Deacon, G. B.; Phillips, R. J. Relationships between the Carbon-Oxygen Stretching Frequencies of Carboxylato Complexes and the Type of Carboxylate Coordination Coord. Chem. Rev. 1980, 33, 227-250
31. Beard, M. C.; Midgett, A. G.; Law, M.; Semonin, O. E.; Ellingson, R. J.; Nozik, A. J. Variations in the Quantum Efficiency of Multiple Exciton Generation for a Series of Chemically Treated PbSe Nanocrystal Films Nano Lett. 2009, 9, 836-845
32. Guyot-Sionnest, P.; Shim, M.; Matranga, C.; Hines, M. Intraband Relaxation in CdSe Quantum Dots Phys. Rev. B 1999, 60, R2181-R2184
33. Shim, M.; Shilov, S. V.; Braiman, M. S.; Guyot-Sionnest, P. Long-Lived Delocalized Electron States in Quantum Dots: A Step-Scan Fourier Transform Infrared Study J. Phys. Chem. B 2000, 104, 1494-1496
34. Shim, M.; Guyot-Sionnest, P. Intraband Hole Burning in Colloidal Quantum Dots Phys. Rev. B 2001, 64, 245342(4)
35. Guyot-Sionnest, P.; Wehrenberg, B.; Yu, D. Intraband Relaxation in CdSe Nanocrystals and the Strong Influence of the Surface Ligands J. Chem. Phys. 2005, 123, 074709(7)
36. Pandey, A.; Guyot-Sionnest, P. Intraband Spectroscopy and Band Offsets of Colloidal II-VI Core/Shell Structures J. Chem. Phys. 2007, 127, 104710(10)
37. Harbold, J. M.; Du, H.; Krauss, T. D.; Cho, K.-S.; Murray, C. B.; Wise, F. W. Time-Resolved Intraband Relaxation of Strongly Confined Electrons and Holes in Colloidal PbSe Nanocrystals Phys. Rev. B 2005, 72, 195312(6)
38. Zhang, J.; Jiang, X. Confinement-Dependent Below-Gap State in PbS Quantum Dot Films Probed by Continuous-Wave Photoinduced Absorption J. Phys. Chem. B 2008, 112, 9557-9560
39. Williams, K. J.; Tisdale, W. A.; Leschkies, K. S.; Haugstad, G.; Norris, D. J.; Aydil, E. S.; Zhu, X.-Y. Strong Electronic Coupling in Two-Dimensional Assemblies of Colloidal PbSe Quantum Dots ACS Nano 2009, 3, 1532-1538
40. Rodina, A. V.; Efros, A. L. Band-Edge Biexciton in Nanocrystals of Semiconductors with a Degenerate Valence Band Phys. Rev. B 2010, 82, 125324(14)
41. Bartnik, A. C.; Efros, A. L.; Koh, W.-K.; Murray, C. B.; Wise, F. W. Electronic States and Optical Properties of PbSe Nanorods and Nanowires Phys. Rev. B 2010, 82, 195313(16)
42. Wolcott, A.; Doyeux, V.; Nelson, C. A.; Gearba, R.; Lei, K. W.; Yager, K. G.; Dolocan, A. D.; Williams, K.; Nguyen, D.; Zhu, X.-Y. Anomalously Large Polarization Effect Responsible for Excitonic Red Shifts in PbSe Quantum Dot Solids J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2011, 2, 795-800
43. Clifford, J. P.; Konstantatos, G.; Johnston, K. W.; Hoogland, S.; Levina, L.; Sargent, E. H. Fast, Sensitive and Spectrally Tuneable Colloidal Quantym-Dot Photodetectors Nat. Nanotechnol. 2009, 4, 40-44
44. Waite, T. R. Theoretical Treatment of the Kinetics of Diffusion-Limited Reactions Phys. Rev. 1957, 107, 463-470
45. Mozer, A. J.; Dennler, G.; Sariciftci, N. S.; Westerling, M.; Pevrikas, A.; Osterbacka, R.; Juska, G. Time-Dependent Mobility and Recombination of the Photoinduced Charge Carriers in Conjugated Polymer/Fullerene Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells Phys. Rev. B 2005, 72, 035217(10)
46. Dennler, G.; Mozer, A. J.; Juska, G.; Pivrikas, A.; Osterbacka, R.; Fuchsbauer, A.; Sariciftci, N. S. Charge Carrier Mobility and Lifetime versus Composition of Conjugated Polymer/Fullerene Bulk-Heterojunction solar Cells Org. Electron. 2006, 7, 229-234
47. Pivrikas, A.; Sariciftci, N. S.; Juska, G.; Osterbacka, R. A Review of Charge Transport and Recombination in Polymer/Fullerene Organic Solar Cells Prog. Photovoltaicsc 2007, 15, 677-696
48. Hines, M.; Scholes, G. Colloidal PbS Nanocrystals with Size-Tunable Near-Infrared Emission: Observation of Post-Synthesis Self-Narrowing of the Particle Distribution Adv. Mater. 2003, 15, 1844-1849
49. Kang, M. S.; Lee, J.; Norris, D. J.; Frisbie, C. D. High Carrier Densities Achieved at Low Voltages in Ambipolar PbSe Nanocrystal Thin-Film Transistors Nano Lett. 2009, 9, 3848-3852
50. Kang, M. S.; Sahu, A.; Norris, D. J.; Frisbie, C. D. Size-Dependent Electrical Transport in CdSe Nanocrystal Thin Films Nano Lett. 2010, 10, 3727-3732
51. Barbour, L. W.; Pensack, R. D.; Hegadorn, M.; Arzhantsev, S.; Asbury, J. B. Excitation Transport and Charge Separation in an Organic Photovoltaic Material: Watching Excitations Diffuse to Interfaces J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 3926-3934
52. Pensack, R. D.; Banyas, K. M.; Barbour, L. W.; Hegadorn, M.; Asbury, J. B. Ultrafast Vibrational Spectroscopy of Charge Carrier Dynamics in Organic Photovoltaic Materials Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2009, 11, 2575-2591
53. Pensack, R. D.; Banyas, K. M.; Asbury, J. B. Charge Trapping in Organic Photovoltaic Materials Examined with Time Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114, 5344-5350