Engineering a Robust Quantum Spin Hall State in Graphene via Adatom Deposition

Physical Review X

Volumn 1, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 1-15

  Weeks, Conan ^a   Hu, Jun ^b   Alicea, Jason ^b   Franz, Marcel ^a   Wu, Ruqian ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Condensed Matter Physics; Graphene; Topological Insulators

Indexed keywords

EXPERIMENTAL CONFIRMATION; QUANTIZED CONDUCTANCE; QUANTUM SPIN HALLS; QUANTUM-INFORMATION PROCESSING; SPECTROSCOPIC MEASUREMENTS; TIGHT BINDING; TOPOLOGICAL INSULATORS; TOPOLOGICAL PHASE; TWO-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS;

ADATOMS; CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS; DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ELECTRIC INSULATORS; QUANTUM ELECTRONICS; SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM WELLS; THALLIUM; TWO DIMENSIONAL;

GRAPHENE;

EID: 82655173513     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21603308     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevX.1.021001     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Joel E. Moore, The Birth of Topological Insulators, Nature (London) 464, 194 (2010).
2. M. Z. Hasan and C. L. Kane, Colloquium: Topological Insulators, Rev. Mod. Phys. 82, 3045 (2010).
3. Xiao-Liang Qi and Shou-Cheng Zhang, Topological Insulators and Superconductors, arXiv:1008.2026 [Rev. Mod. Phys. (to be published)].
4. Liang Fu and C. L. Kane, Josephson Current and Noise at a Superconductor/Quantum-Spin-Hall-Insulator/ Superconductor Junction, Phys. Rev. B 79, 161408 (2009).
5. Chetan Nayak, Steven H. Simon, Ady Stern, Michael Freedman, and Sankar Das Sarma, Non-Abelian Anyons and Topological Quantum Computation, Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 1083 (2008).
6. C. L. Kane and E. J. Mele, Quantum Spin Hall Effect in Graphene, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 226801 (2005).
7. Daniel Huertas-Hernando, F. Guinea, and Arne Brataas, Spin-Orbit Coupling in Curved Graphene, Fullerenes, Nanotubes, and Nanotube Caps, Phys. Rev. B 74, 155426 (2006).
8. Hongki Min, J. E. Hill, N. A. Sinitsyn, B. R. Sahu, Leonard Kleinman, and A. H. MacDonald, Intrinsic and Rashba Spin-Orbit Interactions in Graphene Sheets, Phys. Rev. B 74, 165310 (2006).
9. Yugui Yao, Fei Ye, Xiao-Liang Qi, Shou-Cheng Zhang, and Zhong Fang, Spin-Orbit Gap of Graphene: First-Principles Calculations, Phys. Rev. B 75, 041401 (2007).
10. J. C. Boettger and S. B. Trickey, First-Principles Calculation of the Spin-Orbit Splitting in Graphene, Phys. Rev. B 75, 121402 (2007).
11. M. Gmitra, S. Konschuh, C. Ertler, C. Ambrosch-Draxl, and J. Fabian, Band-Structure Topologies of Graphene: Spin-Orbit Coupling Effects from First Principles, Phys. Rev. B 80, 235431 (2009).
12. B. Andrei Bernevig, Taylor L. Hughes, and Shou-Cheng Zhang, Quantum Spin Hall Effect and Topological Phase Transition in HgTe Quantum Wells, Science 314, 1757 (2006).
13. Chaoxing Liu, Taylor L. Hughes, Xiao-Liang Qi, Kang Wang, and Shou-Cheng Zhang, Quantum Spin Hall Effect in Inverted Type-II Semiconductors, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 236601 (2008).
14. Shuichi Murakami, Quantum Spin Hall Effect and Enhanced Magnetic Response by Spin-Orbit Coupling, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 236805 (2006).
15. Markus Konig, Steffen Wiedmann, Christoph Brune, Andreas Roth, Hartmut Buhmann, Laurens W. Molenkamp, Xiao-Liang Qi, and Shou-Cheng Zhang, Quantum Spin Hall Insulator State in HgTe Quantum Wells, Science 318, 766 (2007).
16. S. Raghu, Xiao-Liang Qi, C. Honerkamp, and Shou-Cheng Zhang, Topological Mott Insulators, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 156401 (2008).
17. C.Weeks and M. Franz, Interaction-Driven Instabilities of a Dirac Semimetal, Phys. Rev. B 81, 085105 (2010).
18. T. Pereg-Barnea and G. Refael, Inducing Topological Order in a Honeycomb Lattice, arXiv:1011.5243.
19. Jun-Ichi Inoue and Akihiro Tanaka, Photoinduced Transition between Conventional and Topological Insulators in Two-Dimensional Electronic Systems, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 017401 (2010).
20. Kevin T. Chan, J. B. Neaton, and Marvin L. Cohen, First-Principles Study of Metal Adatom Adsorption on Graphene, Phys. Rev. B 77, 235430 (2008).
21. A. H. Castro Neto and F. Guinea, Impurity-Induced Spin-Orbit Coupling in Graphene, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 026804 (2009).
22. Samir Abdelouahed, A. Ernst, J. Henk, I.V. Maznichenko, and I. Mertig, Spin-Split Electronic States in Graphene: Effects Due to Lattice Deformation, Rashba Effect, and Adatoms byFirst Principles,Phys.Rev.B82, 125424 (2010).
23. Zhenhua Qiao, Shengyuan A. Yang, Wanxiang Feng, Wang-Kong Tse, Jun Ding, Yugui Yao, Jian Wang, and Qian Niu, Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in Graphene from Rashba and Exchange Effects, Phys. Rev. B 82, 161414 (2010).
24. R. Landauer, Electrical Resistance of Disordered One-Dimensional Lattices, Philos. Mag. 21, 863 (1970).
25. M. Büttiker, Absence of Backscattering in the Quantum Hall Effect in Multiprobe Conductors, Phys. Rev. B 38, 9375 (1988).
26. G. Metalidis and P. Bruno, Green's Function Technique for Studying Electron Flow in Two-Dimensional Mesoscopic Samples, Phys. Rev. B 72, 235304 (2005).
27. C. R. Dean, A. F. Young, I. Meric, C. Lee, L. Wang, S. Sorgenfrei, K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, P. Kim, K. L. Shepard, and J. Hone, Boron Nitride Substrates for High-Quality Graphene Electronics, Nature Nanotech. 5, 722 (2010).
28. Jian Li, Rui-Lin Chu, J. K. Jain, and Shun-Qing Shen, Topological Anderson Insulator, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 136806 (2009).
29. Hua Jiang, Lei Wang, Qing-feng Sun, and X. C. Xie, Numerical Study of the Topological Anderson Insulator in HgTe/CdTe Quantum Wells, Phys. Rev. B 80, 165316 (2009).
30. C.W. Groth, M. Wimmer, A. R. Akhmerov, J. Tworzydlo, and C.W. J. Beenakker, Theory of the Topological Anderson Insulator, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 196805 (2009).
31. H.-M. Guo, G. Rosenberg, G. Refael, and M. Franz, Topological Anderson Insulator in Three Dimensions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 216601 (2010).
32. Emil Prodan, Three-Dimensional Phase Diagram of Disordered HgTe/CdTe Quantum Spin Hall Wells, Phys. Rev. B 83, 195119 (2011).
33. A. Das, S. Pisana, B. Chakraborty, S. Piscanec, S. K. Saha, U.V. Waghmare, K. S. Novoselov, H.R. Krishnamurthy, A. K. Geim, A.C. Ferrari, and A. K. Sood, Monitoring Dopants by Raman Scattering in an Electrochemically Top-GatedGraphene Transistor, NatureNanotech. 3, 210 (2008).
34. Jun Yan, Theresa Villarson, Erik A. Henriksen, Philip Kim, and Aron Pinczuk, Optical Phonon Mixing in Bilayer Graphene with a Broken Inversion Symmetry, Phys. Rev. B 80, 241417 (2009).
35. J. T. Ye, M. F. Craciun, M. Koshino, S. Russo, S. Inoue, H. T. Yuan, H. Shimotani, A. F. Morpurgo, and Y. Iwasa, Accessing the Transport Properties of Graphene and Its Multilayers at High Carrier Density, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 108, 13002 (2011).
36. Yi Zheng, Guang-Xin Ni, Sukang Bae, Chun-Xiao Cong, Orhan Kahya, Chee-Tat Toh, Hye Ri Kim, Danho Im, Ting Yu, Jong Hyun Ahn, Byung Hee Hong, and Barbaros Özyilmaz, Wafer-Scale Graphene/Ferroelectric Hybrid Devices for Low-Voltage Electronics, Europhys. Lett. 93, 17002 (2011).
37. Dmitri K. Efetov and Philip Kim, Controlling Electron-Phonon Interactions in Graphene at Ultrahigh Carrier Densities, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 256805 (2010).
38. Andreas Roth, Christoph Brune, Hartmut Buhmann, Laurens W. Molenkamp, Joseph Maciejko, Xiao-Liang Qi, and Shou-Cheng Zhang, Nonlocal Transport in the Quantum Spin Hall State, Science 325, 294 (2009).
39. G. Tkachov and E. M. Hankiewicz, Ballistic Quantum Spin Hall State and Enhanced Edge Backscattering in Strong Magnetic Fields, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 166803 (2010).
40. Joseph Maciejko, Xiao-Liang Qi, and Shou-Cheng Zhang, Magnetoconductance of the Quantum Spin Hall State, Phys. Rev. B 82, 155310 (2010).
41. Hubert B. Heersche, Pablo Jarillo-Herrero, Jeroen B. Oostinga, Lieven M. K. Vandersypen, and Alberto F. Morpurgo, Bipolar Supercurrent in Graphene, Nature (London) 446, 56 (2007).
42. Xu Du, Ivan Skachko, and Eva Y. Andrei, Josephson Current and Multiple Andreev Reflections in Graphene SNS Junctions, Phys. Rev. B 77, 184507 (2008).
43. C. Ojeda-Aristizabal, M. Ferrier, S. Guéron, and H. Bouchiat, Tuning the Proximity Effect in a Superconductor-Graphene-Superconductor Junction, Phys. Rev. B 79, 165436 (2009).
44. Dongchan Jeong, Jae-Hyun Choi, Gil-Ho Lee, Sanghyun Jo, Yong-Joo Doh, and Hu-Jong Lee, Observation of Supercurrent in PbIn-Graphene-PbIn Josephson Junction, Phys. Rev. B 83, 094503 (2011).
45. G. Kresse and J. Furthmuller, Efficiency of Ab-Initio Total Energy Calculations for Metals and Semiconductors Using a Plane-Wave Basis Set, Comput. Mater. Sci. 6, 15 (1996).
46. G. Kresse and J. Furthmuller, Efficient Iterative Schemes for Ab Initio Total-Energy Calculations Using a Plane-Wave Basis Set, Phys. Rev. B 54, 11169 (1996).
47. J. P. Perdew, Kieron Burke, and Matthias Ernzerhof, Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3865 (1996).
48. P. E. Blochl, Projector Augmented-Wave Method, Phys. Rev. B 50, 17953 (1994).
49. G. Kresse and D. Joubert, From Ultrasoft Pseudopotentials to the Projector Augmented-Wave Method, Phys. Rev. B 59, 1758 (1999).
50. H. J. Monkhorst and J. D. Pack, Special Points for Brillouin-Zone Integrations, Phys. Rev. B 13, 5188 (1976).
51. S. Reich, J. Maultzsch, C. Thomsen, and P. Ordejón, Tight-Binding Description of Graphene, Phys. Rev. B 66, 035412 (2002).
52. Shengjun Yuan, Hans De Raedt, and Mikhail I. Katsnelson, Electronic Transport in Disordered Bilayer and Trilayer Graphene, Phys. Rev. B 82, 235409 (2010).