메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 85, Issue 12, 2011, Pages 1607-1616

In vivo microdialysis and electroencephalographic activity in freely moving guinea pigs exposed to organophosphorus nerve agents sarin and VX: Analysis of acetylcholine and glutamate

Author keywords

Aminobutylic acid (GABA); Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Choline; Electroencephalogram; Glutamate; Guinea pig; In vivo microdialysis; Nerve agents; Organophosphorus compounds; Sarin; Seizure activity; VX

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; ACETYLCHOLINE; ASPARTIC ACID; GLUTAMIC ACID; METHYLPHOSPHONOTHIOIC ACID S (2 DIISOPROPYLAMINOETHYL) O ETHYL ESTER; SARIN;

EID: 82355169839     PISSN: 03405761     EISSN: 14320738     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00204-011-0724-z     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (18)

References (40)
  • 1
    • 1942469599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a Guinea Pig Model for Low-Dose, Long-Term Exposure to Organophosphorus Nerve Agents
    • DOI 10.1080/15376520490429166
    • CR Atchison RE Sheridan SM Duniho T-M Shih 2004 Development of a guinea pig model for low-dose long-term exposure to organophosphorus nerve agents Toxicol Mech Methods 14 3 183 194 20021145 10.1080/15376520490429166 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXktFCisrY%3D (Pubitemid 38520419)
    • (2004) Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 183-194
    • Atchison, C.R.1    Sheridan, R.E.2    Duniho, S.M.3    Shih, T.-M.4
  • 2
    • 0024788543 scopus 로고
    • Short-term effects of paraoxon and atropine on schedule-controlled behavior in rats
    • DOI 10.1016/0892-0362(89)90019-6
    • JE Chambers HW Chambers 1989 Short-term effects of paraoxon and atro-pine on schedule-controlled behavior in rats Neurotoxicol Teratol 11 427 432 2593981 10.1016/0892-0362(89)90019-6 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXjtF2gtw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 20043108)
    • (1989) Neurotoxicology and Teratology , vol.11 , Issue.5 , pp. 427-432
    • Chmabers, J.E.1    Chambers, H.W.2
  • 3
    • 0037379686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in dialysate concentrations of glutamate and GABA in the brain: An index of volume transmission mediated actions?
    • A Del Arco G Segovia K Fuxe F Mora 2003 Changes in dialysate concentrations of glutamate and GABA in the brain: an index of volume transmission mediated actions? J Neurochem 85 23 33 12641724 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01692.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXislOltLY%3D (Pubitemid 36389692)
    • (2003) Journal of Neurochemistry , vol.85 , Issue.1 , pp. 23-33
    • Del Arco, A.1    Segovia, G.2    Fuxe, K.3    Mora, F.4
  • 4
    • 0025069827 scopus 로고
    • Neurotransmitter changes in guinea-pig brain regions following soman intoxication
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb13284.x
    • P Fosbraey JR Wetherell MC French 1990 Neurotransmitter changes in guinea-pig brain regions following soman intoxication J Neurochem 54 72 79 1967146 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb13284.x 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXntFymsw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 20026097)
    • (1990) Journal of Neurochemistry , vol.54 , Issue.1 , pp. 72-79
    • Fosbraey, P.1    Wetherell, J.R.2    French, M.C.3
  • 5
    • 0000726155 scopus 로고
    • Electroencephalographic correlates of nerve agent poisoning
    • N.J. Dun R.L. Perlman (eds). Plenum Press New York
    • Glenn JF, Hinman DJ, McMaster SB (1987) Electroencephalographic correlates of nerve agent poisoning. In: Dun NJ, Perlman RL (eds) Neurobiology of acetylcholine. Plenum Press, New York, pp 503-534
    • (1987) Neurobiology of Acetylcholine , pp. 503-534
    • Glenn, J.F.1    Hinman, D.J.2    McMaster, S.B.3
  • 6
    • 0020577156 scopus 로고
    • The efficacy of bispyridinium derivatives in the treatment of organophosphonate poisoning in the guinea-pig
    • RH Inns L Leadbeater 1983 The efficacy of bispyridinium derivatives in the treatment of organophosphonate poisoning in the guinea pig J Pharm Pharmacol 35 427 433 6136583 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1983.tb04316.x 1:CAS:528: DyaL3sXltFOnurw%3D (Pubitemid 13063572)
    • (1983) Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology , vol.35 , Issue.7 , pp. 427-433
    • Inns, R.H.1    Leadbeater, L.2
  • 7
    • 0025950484 scopus 로고
    • Effects of soman-induced seizures on different extracellular amino acid levels and on glutamate uptake in rat hippocampus
    • 1786536 10.1016/0006-8993(91)91539-D 1:CAS:528:DyaK38XhvFOm
    • G Lallement P Carpentier A Collet I Pernot-Marino D Baubichon G Blanchet 1991 Effects of soman-induced seizures on different extracellular amino acid levels and on glutamate uptake in rat hippocampus Brain Res 563 234 240 1786536 10.1016/0006-8993(91)91539-D 1:CAS:528:DyaK38XhvFOm
    • (1991) Brain Res , vol.563 , pp. 234-240
    • Lallement, G.1    Carpentier, P.2    Collet, A.3    Pernot-Marino, I.4    Baubichon, D.5    Blanchet, G.6
  • 9
    • 0026443137 scopus 로고
    • Extracellular acetylcholine changes in rat limbic structures during soman-induced seizures
    • 1475060 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXnsV2hsw%3D%3D
    • G Lallement P Carpentier A Collet D Baubichon I Pernot-Marino G Blanchet 1992 Extracellular acetylcholine changes in rat limbic structures during soman-induced seizures Neurotoxicology 13 557 567 1475060 1:CAS:528: DyaK3sXnsV2hsw%3D%3D
    • (1992) Neurotoxicology , vol.13 , pp. 557-567
    • Lallement, G.1    Carpentier, P.2    Collet, A.3    Baubichon, D.4    Pernot-Marino, I.5    Blanchet, G.6
  • 10
    • 0026608621 scopus 로고
    • Changes in hippocampal acetylcholine and glutamate extracellular levels during soman-induced seizures: Influence of septal cholinoceptive cells
    • 1357600 10.1016/0304-3940(92)90868-8 1:CAS:528:DyaK38XkvVCrtr8%3D
    • G Lallement M Denoyer A Collet I Pernot-Marino D Baubichon P Monmaur G Blanchet 1992 Changes in hippocampal acetylcholine and glutamate extracellular levels during soman-induced seizures: influence of septal cholinoceptive cells Neurosci Lett 139 104 107 1357600 10.1016/0304-3940(92)90868-8 1:CAS:528:DyaK38XkvVCrtr8%3D
    • (1992) Neurosci Lett , vol.139 , pp. 104-107
    • Lallement, G.1    Denoyer, M.2    Collet, A.3    Pernot-Marino, I.4    Baubichon, D.5    Monmaur, P.6    Blanchet, G.7
  • 11
    • 0027293954 scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective activity of glutamate receptor antagonists against soman-induced hippocampal damage: Quantification with an ω3 site ligand
    • DOI 10.1016/0006-8993(93)91270-3
    • G Lallement P Carpentier I Pernot-Marino D Baubichon A Collet G Blanchet 1993 Transient impairment of the GABA-ergic function during initiation of soman-induced seizures Brain Res 618 227 237 8397049 10.1016/0006-8993(93)91270- 3 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXltVyrtbk%3D (Pubitemid 23207961)
    • (1993) Brain Research , vol.618 , Issue.2 , pp. 227-237
    • Lallement, G.1    Delamanche, I.S.2    Pernot-Marino, I.3    Baubichon, D.4    Denoyer, M.5    Carpentier, P.6    Blanchet, G.7
  • 13
    • 0031866153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blockade of cholinergic receptors in rat barrel cortex prevents long- term changes in the evoked potential during sensory preconditioning
    • M Maalouf AA Miasnikov RW Dykes 1998 Blockade of cholinergic receptors in rat barrel cortex prevents long-term changes in the evoked potential during sensory preconditioning J Neurophysiol 80 529 545 9705448 1:CAS:528: DyaK1cXlslWjtLw%3D (Pubitemid 28387639)
    • (1998) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.80 , Issue.2 , pp. 529-545
    • Maalouf, M.1    Miasnikov, A.A.2    Dykes, R.W.3
  • 14
    • 0034218375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A history of biological and chemical warfare and terrorism
    • 10977610 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M%2FgsFWktA%3D%3D
    • CD Malloy 2000 A history of biological and chemical warfare and terrorism J Public Health Manag Pract 6 30 37 10977610 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M%2FgsFWktA%3D%3D
    • (2000) J Public Health Manag Pract , vol.6 , pp. 30-37
    • Malloy, C.D.1
  • 15
    • 0036303147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gabaergic modulation of the stress response in frontal cortex and amygdala
    • DOI 10.1002/syn.10085
    • ID Martijena PA Manzanares Rodriguez C Lacerra VA Molina 2002 GABAergic modulation of the stress response in frontal cortex and amygdala Synapse 45 86 94 12112401 10.1002/syn.10085 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xlt1Ojsr8%3D (Pubitemid 34742944)
    • (2002) Synapse , vol.45 , Issue.2 , pp. 86-94
    • Martijena, I.D.1    Rodriguez Manzanares, P.A.2    Lacerra, C.3    Molina, V.A.4
  • 16
    • 0023633188 scopus 로고
    • The effect of carboxylesterase inhibition on interspecies differences in soman toxicity
    • DOI 10.1016/0378-4274(87)90254-2
    • DM Maxwell KM Brecht BL O'Neill 1987 The effect of carboxylesterase inhibition on interspecies differences in soman toxicity Toxicol Lett 39 35 42 3672554 10.1016/0378-4274(87)90254-2 1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXmtlSqtL8%3D (Pubitemid 17157061)
    • (1987) Toxicology Letters , vol.39 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-42
    • Maxwell, D.M.1    Brecht, K.M.2    O'Neill, B.L.3
  • 17
    • 0023754083 scopus 로고
    • Effect of carboxylesterase inhibition on carbamate protection against soman toxicity
    • 3418520 1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXlvVGitr8%3D
    • DM Maxwell KM Brecht DE Lenz BL O'Neill 1988 Effect of carboxylesterase inhibition on carbamate protection against soman toxicity J Pharmacol Exp Ther 246 986 991 3418520 1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXlvVGitr8%3D
    • (1988) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.246 , pp. 986-991
    • Maxwell, D.M.1    Brecht, K.M.2    Lenz, D.E.3    O'Neill, B.L.4
  • 18
    • 0027263472 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological modulation of soman-induced seizures
    • JH McDonough T-M Shih 1993 Pharmacological modulation of soman-induced seizures Neurosci Biobehav Rev 17 203 215 8515903 10.1016/S0149-7634(05)80151-4 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXltlejur4%3D (Pubitemid 23138117)
    • (1993) Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 203-215
    • McDonough Jr., J.H.1    Shih, T.-M.2
  • 19
    • 0030726679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropharmacological mechanisms of nerve agent-induced seizure and neuropathology
    • DOI 10.1016/S0149-7634(96)00050-4, PII S0149763496000504
    • JH McDonough T-M Shih 1997 Neuropharmacological mechanisms of nerve agent-induced seizure and neuropathology Neurosci Biobehav Rev 21 559 579 9353792 10.1016/S0149-7634(96)00050-4 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXnt1eisr0%3D (Pubitemid 27458800)
    • (1997) Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews , vol.21 , Issue.5 , pp. 559-579
    • McDonough Jr., J.H.1    Shih, T.-M.2
  • 20
    • 0031800227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural lesions in the rat and their relationship to EEG delta activity following seizures induced by the nerve agent soman
    • McDonough JH, Clark TR, Slone TW, Zoeffel D, Brown K, Kim S, Smith CD (1998) Neural lesions in the rat and their relationship to EEG delta activity following seizures induced by the nerve agent soman. Neurotoxicology 19:381-392 (Pubitemid 28264760)
    • (1998) NeuroToxicology , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 381-392
    • McDonough Jr., J.H.1    Clark, T.R.2    Slone Jr., T.W.3    Zoeffel, D.4    Brown, K.5    Kim, S.6    Smith, C.D.7
  • 21
    • 0033374581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticonvulsant treatment of nerve agent seizures: Anticholinergics versus diazepam in soman-intoxicated guinea pigs
    • DOI 10.1016/S0920-1211(99)00060-1, PII S0920121199000601
    • McDonough JH, Zoeffel LD, McMonagle J, Copeland TL, Smith CD, Shih T-M (2000) Anticonvulsant treatment of nerve agent seizures: anticholinergics vs diazepam in soman-intoxicated guinea pigs. Epilepsy Res 38:1-14 (Pubitemid 30055311)
    • (1999) Epilepsy Research , vol.38 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-14
    • McDonough Jr., J.H.1    Zoeffel, L.D.2    McMonagle, J.3    Copeland, T.L.4    Smith, C.D.5    Shih, T.-M.6
  • 22
    • 0003633755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Research Council. The National Academies Press Washington
    • National Research Council (1996) Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. The National Academies Press, Washington
    • (1996) Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals
  • 23
    • 77149179336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in extracellular striatal acetylcholine and brain seizure activity following acute exposure to nerve agents in freely moving guinea pigs
    • 10.3109/15376511003657439
    • JC O'Donnell JH McDonough T-M Shih 2010 Changes in extracellular striatal acetylcholine and brain seizure activity following acute exposure to nerve agents in freely moving guinea pigs Toxicol Mech Meth 20 143 152 10.3109/15376511003657439
    • (2010) Toxicol Mech Meth , vol.20 , pp. 143-152
    • O'Donnell, J.C.1    McDonough, J.H.2    Shih, T.-M.3
  • 24
    • 77958558355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of extracellular striatal acetylcholine and brain seizure activity following acute exposure to the nerve agents cyclosarin and tabun in freely moving guinea pigs
    • 10.3109/15376516.2010.521208
    • JC O'Donnell JH McDonough T-M Shih 2010 Comparison of extracellular striatal acetylcholine and brain seizure activity following acute exposure to the nerve agents cyclosarin and tabun in freely moving guinea pigs Toxicol Mech Meth 20 9 600 608 10.3109/15376516.2010.521208
    • (2010) Toxicol Mech Meth , vol.20 , Issue.9 , pp. 600-608
    • O'Donnell, J.C.1    McDonough, J.H.2    Shih, T.-M.3
  • 25
    • 0020458958 scopus 로고
    • Time course effects of soman on acetylcholine and choline levels in six discrete areas of the rat brain
    • DOI 10.1007/BF00432257
    • T-M Shih 1982 Time course effects of soman on acetylcholine and choline levels in six discrete areas of the rat brain Psychopharmacology Ber 78 2 170 175 10.1007/BF00432257 1:CAS:528:DyaL3sXhsVaj (Pubitemid 13234097)
    • (1982) Psychopharmacology , vol.78 , Issue.2 , pp. 170-175
    • Shih, T.M.1
  • 26
    • 0025907727 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic actions of diazepam and atropine sulfate in soman poisoning
    • 1868356 10.1016/0361-9230(91)90097-4 1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXkvVKqtbo%3D
    • T-M Shih 1991 Cholinergic actions of diazepam and atropine sulfate in soman poisoning Brain Res Bull 26 565 573 1868356 10.1016/0361-9230(91)90097-4 1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXkvVKqtbo%3D
    • (1991) Brain Res Bull , vol.26 , pp. 565-573
    • Shih, T.-M.1
  • 27
    • 0030839411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurochemical mechanisms in soman-induced seizures
    • DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1263(199707)17:4<255::AID-JAT441>3.0.CO;2-D
    • T-M Shih JH McDonough 1997 Neurochemical mechanisms in soman-induced seizures J Appl Toxicol 17 255 264 9285539 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1263(199707)17: 4<255::AID-JAT441>3.0.CO;2-D 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXls1Srsbw%3D (Pubitemid 27344907)
    • (1997) Journal of Applied Toxicology , vol.17 , Issue.4 , pp. 255-264
    • Shih, T.-M.1    McDonough Jr., J.H.2
  • 28
    • 0032872680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organophosphorus nerve agents-induced seizures and efficacy of atropine sulfate as anticonvulsant treatment
    • DOI 10.1016/S0091-3057(99)00114-8, PII S0091305799001148
    • T-M Shih JH McDonough 1999 Organophosphorus nerve agents-induced seizures and efficacy of atropine sulfate as anticonvulsant treatment Pharmacol Biochem Behav 64 147 153 10495009 10.1016/S0091-3057(99)00114-8 1:CAS:528: DyaK1MXmtFGjtbs%3D (Pubitemid 29415807)
    • (1999) Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior , vol.64 , Issue.1 , pp. 147-153
    • Shih, T.-M.1    McDonough Jr., J.H.2
  • 29
    • 0034040340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of biperiden and atropine as anticonvulsant treatment for organophosphorus nerve agent intoxication
    • T-M Shih JH McDonough 2000 Efficacy of biperiden and atropine as anticonvulsant treatment of organophosphorus nerve agent intoxication Arch Toxicol 74 165 172 10877003 10.1007/s002040050670 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjtFKmtr4%3D (Pubitemid 30351392)
    • (2000) Archives of Toxicology , vol.74 , Issue.3 , pp. 165-172
    • Shih, T.-M.1    McDonough, J.H.2
  • 30
    • 0025768994 scopus 로고
    • Anticonvulsants for poisoning by the organophosphorus compound soman: Pharmacological mechanisms
    • 1683477 10.1016/S0149-7634(05)80028-4 1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXlsFalu7s%3D
    • T-M Shih TA Koviak BR Capacio 1991 Anticonvulsants for poisoning by the organophosphorus compound soman: pharmacological mechanisms Neurosci Biobehav Rev 15 349 362 1683477 10.1016/S0149-7634(05)80028-4 1:CAS:528: DyaK3MXlsFalu7s%3D
    • (1991) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.15 , pp. 349-362
    • Shih, T.-M.1    Koviak, T.A.2    Capacio, B.R.3
  • 31
    • 0030480410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of anticonvulsant drugs for soman-induced seizure activity
    • 10.3109/10915819609048337 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXhsFChs7s%3D
    • T-M Shih I Koplovitz JH McDonough 1996 Evaluation of anticonvulsant drugs for soman-induced seizure activity J Am Coll Toxicol 15 Suppl 2 S43 S60 10.3109/10915819609048337 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXhsFChs7s%3D
    • (1996) J Am Coll Toxicol , vol.15 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Shih, T.-M.1    Koplovitz, I.2    McDonough, J.H.3
  • 32
    • 0037446246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of nerve agent-induced seizures is critical for neuroprotection and survival
    • DOI 10.1016/S0041-008X(03)00019-X
    • T-M Shih SM Duniho JH McDonough 2003 Control of nerve agents induced seizures is critical for neuroprotection and survival Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 188 69 80 12691725 10.1016/S0041-008X(03)00019-X 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXis1yqurk%3D (Pubitemid 36411751)
    • (2003) Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology , vol.188 , Issue.2 , pp. 69-80
    • Shih, T.-M.1    Duniho, S.M.2    McDonough, J.H.3
  • 33
    • 28744453050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo cholinesterase inhibitory specificity of organophosphorus nerve agents
    • DOI 10.1016/j.cbi.2005.10.042, PII S0009279705002838
    • T-M Shih RK Kan JH McDonough 2005 In vivo cholinesterase inhibitory specificity of organophosphorus nerve agents Chem Biol Interact 157-158 293 303 16256093 10.1016/j.cbi.2005.10.042 (Pubitemid 41757665)
    • (2005) Chemico-Biological Interactions , vol.157-158 , pp. 293-303
    • Shih, T.-M.1    Kan, R.K.2    McDonough, J.H.3
  • 34
    • 33845885861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticonvulsants for nerve agent-induced seizures: The influence of the therapeutic dose of atropine
    • DOI 10.1124/jpet.106.111252
    • T-M Shih TC Rowland JH McDonough 2007 Anticonvulsants for nerve agent-induced seizures: the influence of the therapeutic dose of atropine J Pharmacol Exp Ther 320 154 161 17015638 10.1124/jpet.106.111252 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXjsFequg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 46025730)
    • (2007) Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics , vol.320 , Issue.1 , pp. 154-161
    • Shih, T.-M.1    Rowland, T.C.2    McDonough, J.H.3
  • 35
    • 77149153494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central acetylcholinesterase reactivation by oximes improves survival and terminates seizures following nerve agent intoxication
    • T-M Shih JW Skovira JC O'Donnell JH McDonough 2009 Central acetylcholinesterase reactivation by oximes improves survival and terminates seizures following nerve agent intoxication Adv Stud Biol 1 155 196
    • (2009) Adv Stud Biol , vol.1 , pp. 155-196
    • Shih, T.-M.1    Skovira, J.W.2    O'Donnell, J.C.3    McDonough, J.H.4
  • 36
    • 77149122793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • History of the chemical threat, chemical terrorism, and its implications for military medicine
    • S.D. Tuorinsky (eds). The Office of the Surgeon General at TMM Publications, Borden Institute Washington DC Chapter 4, pp 115-153
    • Smart JK, Mauroni A, Hill BA, Kok AB (2008) History of the chemical threat, chemical terrorism, and its implications for military medicine. In: Tuorinsky SD (ed) Medical aspects of chemical Warfare, textbooks of military medicine. The Office of the Surgeon General at TMM Publications, Borden Institute, Washington DC, Chapter 4, pp 115-153
    • (2008) Medical Aspects of Chemical Warfare, Textbooks of Military Medicine
    • Smart, J.K.1    Mauroni, A.2    Hill, B.A.3    Kok, A.B.4
  • 37
    • 26044460527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • History of chemical and biological warfare agents
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tox.2005.06.011, PII S0300483X05002829, The Toxicologist and the Response to Incidents with Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents
    • L Szinicz 2005 History of chemical and biological warfare agents Toxicology 214 167 181 16111798 10.1016/j.tox.2005.06.011 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2MXhtVymsbvN (Pubitemid 41406257)
    • (2005) Toxicology , vol.214 , Issue.3 , pp. 167-181
    • Szinicz, L.1
  • 38
    • 0000249736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticholinesterase agents
    • J.G. Hardman L.E. Limbird A.G. Gilman (eds). 10 McGraw-Hill New York
    • Taylor P (2001) Anticholinesterase agents. In: Hardman JG, Limbird LE, Gilman AG (eds) Goodman and Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 10th edn. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 175-191
    • (2001) Goodman and Gilman's the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics , pp. 175-191
    • Taylor, P.1
  • 39
    • 0033231230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Triggering of soman-induced seizures in rats: Multiparametric analysis with special correlation between enzymatic, neurochemical and electrophysiological data
    • DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19991101)58:3<464::AID-JNR13>3.0.CO;2-O
    • LS Tonduli G Testylier I Pernot-Marino G Lallement 1999 Triggering of soman induced seizures in rats: multiparametric analysis with special correlation between enzymatic, neurochemical and electrophysiological data J Neurosci Res 58 464 473 10518121 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19991101)58:3<464:: AID-JNR13>3.0.CO;2-O 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXntVOjtL0%3D (Pubitemid 29508581)
    • (1999) Journal of Neuroscience Research , vol.58 , Issue.3 , pp. 464-473
    • Tonduli, L.S.1    Testylier, G.2    Marino, I.P.3    Lallement, G.4
  • 40
    • 0023264397 scopus 로고
    • Changes in extracellular amino acids during soman- and kainic acid-induced seizures
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb02912.x
    • JV Wade FE Samson SR Nelson TL Pazdernick 1987 Changes in extracellular amino acids during soman- and kainic acid-induced seizure J Neurochem 49 645 650 3598590 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb02912.x 1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXltFeltbs%3D (Pubitemid 17101202)
    • (1987) Journal of Neurochemistry , vol.49 , Issue.2 , pp. 645-650
    • Wade, J.V.1    Samson, F.E.2    Nelson, S.R.3    Pazdernik, T.L.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.