메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 6, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 30-37

A history of biological and chemical warfare and terrorism

Author keywords

Biological terrorism; Biological warfare; Chemical terrorism; Chemical warfare; History

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BIOLOGICAL WARFARE; CHEMICAL WARFARE; HISTORY; HUMAN; VIOLENCE;

EID: 0034218375     PISSN: 10784659     EISSN: 15505022     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00124784-200006040-00006     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (10)

References (45)
  • 1
    • 45749091918 scopus 로고
    • New York: Harper Paperbacks
    • The Holy Bible, King James Version. New York: Harper Paperbacks, 1995.
    • (1995) King James Version
  • 5
    • 0030097075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Epidemiologic Analysis of the Ten Plagues of Egypt
    • J.S. Marr and C.D. Malloy, “An Epidemiologic Analysis of the Ten Plagues of Egypt,” Caduceus 12, no. 1 (1996): 7-24.
    • (1996) Caduceus , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 7-24
    • Marr, J.S.1    Malloy, C.D.2
  • 6
    • 0030872063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological Warfare. A Historical Perspective
    • G.W. Christopher, et al., “Biological Warfare. A Historical Perspective,” JAMA 278, no. 5 (1997): 412-417.
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.278 , Issue.5 , pp. 412-417
    • Christopher, G.W.1
  • 8
    • 0029349211 scopus 로고
    • From Asps to Allegations: Biological Warfare in History
    • A.G. Robertson and L.J. Robertson, “From Asps to Allegations: Biological Warfare in History,” Military Medicine 160, no. 8 (1995): 369-373.
    • (1995) Military Medicine , vol.160 , Issue.8 , pp. 369-373
    • Robertson, A.G.1    Robertson, L.J.2
  • 9
    • 0031813737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feces, Dead Horses, and Fleas. Evolution of the Hostile Use of Biological Agents
    • M.E. Lesho et al., “Feces, Dead Horses, and Fleas. Evolution of the Hostile Use of Biological Agents,” Western Journal of Medicine 168, no. 6 (1998): 512-516.
    • (1998) Western Journal of Medicine , vol.168 , Issue.6 , pp. 512-516
    • Lesho, M.E.1
  • 11
    • 0033003830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Legacy of War Gas
    • P.D. Blanc, “The Legacy of War Gas,” American Journal of Medicine 106, no. 6 (1999): 689-690.
    • (1999) American Journal of Medicine , vol.106 , Issue.6 , pp. 689-690
    • Blanc, P.D.1
  • 13
    • 0027055684 scopus 로고
    • Japanese Biological Warfare Research on Humans: A Case Study of Microbiology and Ethics
    • S. Harris, “Japanese Biological Warfare Research on Humans: A Case Study of Microbiology and Ethics,” Annals of New York Academy of Sciences 666 (1992): 21-52.
    • (1992) Annals of New York Academy of Sciences , vol.666 , pp. 21-52
    • Harris, S.1
  • 14
    • 0033199791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unlicensed Vaccines and Bioweapon Defense in World War II
    • M. Furmanski, “Unlicensed Vaccines and Bioweapon Defense in World War II,” JAMA 282, no. 9 (1999): 822.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.282 , Issue.9 , pp. 822
    • Furmanski, M.1
  • 15
    • 0033536997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anthrax Vaccine: Evidence for Safety and Efficacy against Inhalational Anthrax
    • A.M. Friedlander, et al., “Anthrax Vaccine: Evidence for Safety and Efficacy against Inhalational Anthrax,” JAMA 282, no. 22 (1999): 2104-2106.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.282 , Issue.22 , pp. 2104-2106
    • Friedlander, A.M.1
  • 16
    • 85026179919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Department of Defense Anthrax Vaccine Immunization Program: Unproven Force Protection. Washington, DC: Subcommittee on National Security, Veterans Affairs, and International Relations. United States House of Representatives
    • Subcommittee on National Security, Veterans Affairs, and International Relations. United States House of Representatives, The Department of Defense Anthrax Vaccine Immunization Program: Unproven Force Protection. Washington, DC: Subcommittee on National Security, Veterans Affairs, and International Relations. United States House of Representatives, 2000.
    • (2000) Veterans Affairs, and International Relations. United States House of Representatives
  • 17
    • 0023357940 scopus 로고
    • The Birth of the U.S. Biological-Warfare Program
    • B.J. Bernstein, “The Birth of the U.S. Biological-Warfare Program,” Scientific American 256, no. 6 (1987): 116-121.
    • (1987) Scientific American , vol.256 , Issue.6 , pp. 116-121
    • Bernstein, B.J.1
  • 18
    • 1842314576 scopus 로고
    • Serendipitous Discovery of Artificial Positive Weil-Felix Reaction Used in Private Immunological War
    • E.S. Lazowski and S. Matulewicz, “Serendipitous Discovery of Artificial Positive Weil-Felix Reaction Used in Private Immunological War,” ASM News 43 (1977): 300-302.
    • (1977) ASM News , vol.43 , pp. 300-302
    • Lazowski, E.S.1    Matulewicz, S.2
  • 19
    • 85026171365 scopus 로고
    • Deception by Immunization
    • “Deception by Immunization,” British Medical Journal 6089 (1977): 716-717.
    • (1977) British Medical Journal , vol.6089 , pp. 716-717
  • 20
    • 0027058301 scopus 로고
    • Biological Warfare Allegations: The Korean War Case
    • J.E. Moon, “Biological Warfare Allegations: The Korean War Case,” Annals of New York Academy of Sciences 666 (1992): 53-83.
    • (1992) Annals of New York Academy of Sciences , vol.666 , pp. 53-83
    • Moon, J.E.1
  • 21
    • 0028846108 scopus 로고
    • Biological Warfare in the Twentieth Century: Lessons from the Past, Challenges for the Future
    • J.A. Mobley, “Biological Warfare in the Twentieth Century: Lessons from the Past, Challenges for the Future,” Military Medicine 160, no. 11 (1995): 547-553.
    • (1995) Military Medicine , vol.160 , Issue.11 , pp. 547-553
    • Mobley, J.A.1
  • 23
    • 0033160976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Magic Sword or a Big Itch: An Historical Look at the United States Biological Weapons Programme,“
    • A. Hay, “A Magic Sword or a Big Itch: An Historical Look at the United States Biological Weapons Programme,”“ Medicine, Conflict, and Survival 15, no. 3 (1999): 215-234.
    • (1999) Medicine, Conflict, and Survival , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 215-234
    • Hay, A.1
  • 24
    • 0033162607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulants, Stimulants and Diseases: The Evolution of the United States Biological Warfare Programme, 1945-60
    • A. Hay, “Simulants, Stimulants and Diseases: The Evolution of the United States Biological Warfare Programme, 1945-60,” Medicine, Conflict, and Survival 15, no. 3 (1999): 198-214.
    • (1999) Medicine, Conflict, and Survival , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 198-214
    • Hay, A.1
  • 27
    • 0022127269 scopus 로고
    • Habers Choice, Hobson’s Choice, and Biological Warfare,”
    • N. Press, “Haber’s Choice, Hobson’s Choice, and Biological Warfare,” Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 29, no. 1 (1985): 92-108.
    • (1985) Perspectives in Biology and Medicine , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 92-108
    • Press, N.1
  • 28
    • 0032845955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nuclear Blindness: An Overview of the Biological Weapons Programs of the Former Soviet Union and Iraq
    • C.J. Davis, “Nuclear Blindness: An Overview of the Biological Weapons Programs of the Former Soviet Union and Iraq,” Emerging Infectious Diseases 5, no. 4 (1999): 509-512.
    • (1999) Emerging Infectious Diseases , vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp. 509-512
    • Davis, C.J.1
  • 29
    • 0028159234 scopus 로고
    • The Sverdlovsk Anthrax Outbreak of 1979
    • M. Meselson, et al., “The Sverdlovsk Anthrax Outbreak of 1979,” Science 266, no. 5188 (1994): 1202-1208.
    • (1994) Science , vol.266 , Issue.5188 , pp. 1202-1208
    • Meselson, M.1
  • 30
    • 0027105013 scopus 로고
    • The 1991 Persian Gulf War: Implications for Biological Arms Control
    • C.G. Héden, “The 1991 Persian Gulf War: Implications for Biological Arms Control,” Annals of New York Academy of Sciences 666 (1992): 1-8.
    • (1992) Annals of New York Academy of Sciences , vol.666 , pp. 1-8
    • Héden, C.G.1
  • 31
    • 0030853307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iraqs Biological Weapons. The Past as Future?”
    • R.A. Žilinskas, “Iraq’s Biological Weapons. The Past as Future?” JAMA 278, no. 5 (1997): 418-424.
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.278 , Issue.5 , pp. 418-424
    • Žilinskas, R.A.1
  • 32
    • 85026164031 scopus 로고
    • October 15
    • McNeil Consumer Products Company, Corporate Communication, October 15, 1982.
    • (1982) Corporate Communication
  • 33
    • 0032483775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tamper-Evident Packaging Requirements for Over-the-Counter Human Drug Products: FDA. Final Rule
    • Food and Drug Administration, “Tamper-Evident Packaging Requirements for Over-the-Counter Human Drug Products: FDA. Final Rule,” Federal Register 63, no. 213 (4 November 1998): 59463-59471.
    • (1998) Federal Register , vol.63 , Issue.213 , pp. 59463-59471
  • 34
    • 0023715843 scopus 로고
    • Dangerous Information: Product Tampering and Poisoning Advice in Revenge and Murder Manuals
    • P.E. Dietz, “Dangerous Information: Product Tampering and Poisoning Advice in Revenge and Murder Manuals,” Journal of Forensic Science 33, no. 5 (September 1988): 1206-1217.
    • (1988) Journal of Forensic Science , vol.33 , Issue.5 , pp. 1206-1217
    • Dietz, P.E.1
  • 35
    • 1842332651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Large Community Outbreak of Salmonellosis Caused by Intentional Contamination of Restaurant Salad Bars
    • T.J. Török, et al., “A Large Community Outbreak of Salmonellosis Caused by Intentional Contamination of Restaurant Salad Bars,” JAMA 278, no. 5 (1997): 389-395.
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.278 , Issue.5 , pp. 389-395
    • Török, T.J.1
  • 36
    • 0032845432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aum Shinrikyo: Once and Future Threat?
    • K.B. Olson, “Aum Shinrikyo: Once and Future Threat?” Emerging Infectious Diseases 5, no. 4 (1999): 513-516.
    • (1999) Emerging Infectious Diseases , vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp. 513-516
    • Olson, K.B.1
  • 37
    • 0030836647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Outbreak of Shigella Dysenteriae Type 2 among Laboratory Workers Due to Intentional Food Contamination
    • S.A. Kolavic, “An Outbreak of Shigella Dysenteriae Type 2 among Laboratory Workers Due to Intentional Food Contamination,” JAMA 278, no. 5 (1997): 396-398.
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.278 , Issue.5 , pp. 396-398
    • Kolavic, S.A.1
  • 38
    • 85026174317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ex-Lab Worker Tainted Food
    • “Ex-Lab Worker Tainted Food,” The Houston Chronicle, 12 September 1998, sec. A, p. 48.
    • (1998) The Houston Chronicle , Issue.A
  • 39
    • 85026167648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Crazies and Their Poison
    • “The Crazies and Their Poison,” The Economist, 15 August 1998, sec. 31.
    • (1998) The Economist
  • 40
    • 85026175735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Where Are the Children?
    • V. Kattoulas, “Where Are the Children?” Newsweek (16 November 1998): 34-37.
    • (1998) Newsweek , pp. 34-37
    • Kattoulas, V.1
  • 41
    • 85026177840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • M. Asaba, “No Action on Poisonous Situation,” The Dally Yomiuri, 25 November 1998, sec. A, p. 6.
    • (1998) The Dally Yomiuri , vol.25
    • Asaba, M.1
  • 42
    • 85026177804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Easy Money in Japan
    • K. Itoi, “Easy Money in Japan,” Newsweek (21 December 1998): 60-62.
    • (1998) Newsweek , pp. 60-62
    • Itoi, K.1
  • 43
    • 0022690851 scopus 로고
    • Microbes, Warfare, Religion, and Human Institutions
    • R.J. Doyle and N.C. Lee, “Microbes, Warfare, Religion, and Human Institutions,” Canadian Journal of Microbiology 32, no. 3 (1986): 193-200.
    • (1986) Canadian Journal of Microbiology , vol.32 , Issue.3 , pp. 193-200
    • Doyle, R.J.1    Lee, N.C.2
  • 45
    • 0004254979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New York: Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers
    • H. Zinsser, Rats, Lice and History. New York: Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers, 1996.
    • (1996) Rats, Lice and History
    • Zinsser, H.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.