메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 116, Issue 10, 2011, Pages

Assessing the power law distribution of TGFs

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 80055043689     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21699402     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2011JA016612     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (26)

References (80)
  • 1
    • 0036489059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bootstrap tests for distributional treatment effects in instrumental variable models
    • Abadie, A. (2002), Bootstrap tests for distributional treatment effects in instrumental variable models, J. Am. Stat. Assoc., 97(457), 284-292.
    • (2002) J. Am. Stat. Assoc. , vol.97 , Issue.457 , pp. 284-292
    • Abadie, A.1
  • 2
    • 77957604061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of the worldwide lightning location network (WWLLN) using the national lightning detection network (NLDN) as ground truth
    • doi:10.1029/2009JD013411
    • Abarca, S. F., K. L. Corbosiero, and T. J. Galarneau Jr. (2010), An evaluation of the Worldwide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) using the National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) as ground truth, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D18206, doi:10.1029/2009JD013411.
    • (2010) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.115
    • Abarca, S.F.1    Corbosiero, K.L.2    Galarneau Jr., T.J.3
  • 3
    • 77955410526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First results on terrestrial gamma ray flashes from the fermi gamma-ray burst monitor
    • doi:10.1029/2009JA015242
    • Briggs, M. S., et al. (2010), First results on terrestrial gamma ray flashes from the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A07323, doi:10.1029/2009JA015242.
    • (2010) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.115
    • Briggs, M.S.1
  • 4
    • 79251575039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electron-positron beams from terrestrial lightning observed with fermi GBM
    • doi:10.1029/2010GL046259
    • Briggs, M. S., et al. (2011), Electron-positron beams from terrestrial lightning observed with Fermi GBM, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L02808, doi:10.1029/2010GL046259.
    • (2011) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.38
    • Briggs, M.S.1
  • 5
    • 34250711775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraints on terrestrial gamma ray flash production from satellite observation
    • DOI 10.1029/2006GL029229
    • Carlson, B. E., N. G. Lehtinen, and U. S. Inan (2007), Constraints on terrestrial gamma ray flash production from satellite observation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L08809, doi:10.1029/2006GL029229. (Pubitemid 46958291)
    • (2007) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.34 , Issue.8
    • Carlson, B.E.1    Lehtinen, N.G.2    Inan, U.S.3
  • 6
    • 57549084810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Runaway relativistic electron avalanche seeding in the earth's atmosphere
    • doi:10.1029/2008JA013210
    • Carlson, B. E., N. G. Lehtinen, and U. S. Inan (2008), Runaway relativistic electron avalanche seeding in the Earth's atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 113, A10307, doi:10.1029/2008JA013210.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113
    • Carlson, B.E.1    Lehtinen, N.G.2    Inan, U.S.3
  • 7
    • 77952328519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Terrestrial gamma ray flash production by lightning current pulses
    • doi:10.1029/2009JA014531
    • Carlson, B. E., N. G. Lehtinen, and U. S. Inan (2009), Terrestrial gamma ray flash production by lightning current pulses, J. Geophys. Res., 114, A00E08, doi:10.1029/2009JA014531.
    • (2009) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.114
    • Carlson, B.E.1    Lehtinen, N.G.2    Inan, U.S.3
  • 8
    • 78149323811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Terrestrial gamma ray flash production by active lightning leader channels
    • doi:10.1029/2010JA015647
    • Carlson, B. E., N. G. Lehtinen, and U. S. Inan (2010), Terrestrial gamma ray flash production by active lightning leader channels, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A10324, doi:10.1029/2010JA015647.
    • (2010) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.115
    • Carlson, B.E.1    Lehtinen, N.G.2    Inan, U.S.3
  • 10
    • 1642345439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Error analysis for a longrange lightning monitoring network of ground-based receivers in Europe
    • doi:10.1029/2003JD003776
    • Chronis, T. G., and E. N. Anagnostou (2003), Error analysis for a longrange lightning monitoring network of ground-based receivers in Europe, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D24), 4779, doi:10.1029/2003JD003776.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 D24 , pp. 4779
    • Chronis, T.G.1    Anagnostou, E.N.2
  • 11
    • 65549085067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Power-law distributions in empirical data
    • doi:10.1137/070710111
    • Clauset, A., C. R. Shalizi, and M. E. J. Newman (2009), Power-law distributions in empirical data, SIAM Rev., 51(4), 661-703, doi:10.1137/ 070710111.
    • (2009) SIAM Rev. , vol.51 , Issue.4 , pp. 661-703
    • Clauset, A.1    Shalizi, C.R.2    Newman, M.E.J.3
  • 12
    • 34547857746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Terrestrial gamma ray flashes observed aboard the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory/Burst and Transient Source Experiment and ELF/VLF radio atmospherics
    • DOI 10.1029/2005JD006987
    • Cohen, M. B., U. S. Inan, and G. J. Fishman (2006), Terrestrial gamma ray flashes observed aboard the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory/Burst and Transient Source Experiment and ELF/VLF radio atmospherics, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D24109, doi:10.1029/2005JD006987. (Pubitemid 47260779)
    • (2006) Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres , vol.111 , Issue.24
    • Cohen, M.B.1    Inan, U.S.2    Fishman, G.3
  • 13
    • 77953600052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geolocation of terrestrial gamma-ray flash source lightning
    • doi:10.1029/2009GL041753
    • Cohen, M. B., U. S. Inan, R. K. Said, and T. Gjesteland (2010), Geolocation of terrestrial gamma-ray flash source lightning, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L02801, doi:10.1029/2009GL041753.
    • (2010) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.37
    • Cohen, M.B.1    Inan, U.S.2    Said, R.K.3    Gjesteland, T.4
  • 14
    • 78650016679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations between Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor terrestrial gamma ray flashes and sferics from the World Wide Lightning Location Network
    • doi:10.1029/2010JA015681, a
    • Connaughton, V., et al. (2010a), Associations between Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor terrestrial gamma ray flashes and sferics from the World Wide Lightning Location Network, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A12307, doi:10.1029/ 2010JA015681.
    • (2010) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.115
    • Connaughton, V.1
  • 16
    • 22944466881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurements and implications of the relationship between lightning and terrestrial gamma ray flashes
    • DOI 10.1029/2005GL022778, L08811
    • Cummer, S. A., Y. Zhai, W. Hu, D. M. Smith, L. I. Lopez, and M. A. Stanley (2005), Measurements and implications of the relationship between lightning and terrestrial gamma ray flashes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L08811, doi:10.1029/2005GL022778. (Pubitemid 41043293)
    • (2005) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.32 , Issue.8 , pp. 1-5
    • Cummer, S.A.1    Zhai, Y.2    Hu, W.3    Smith, D.M.4    Lopez, L.I.5    Stanley, M.A.6
  • 17
    • 0036064396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VLF lightning location by time of group arrival (TOGA) at multiple sites
    • DOI 10.1016/S1364-6826(02)00085-8, PII S1364682602000858
    • Dowden, R. L., J. B. Brundell, and C. J. Rodger (2002), VLF lightning location by time of group arrival (TOGA) at multiple sites, J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys., 64(7), 817-830, doi:10.1016/S1364-6826(02)00085-8. (Pubitemid 34781309)
    • (2002) Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics , vol.64 , Issue.7 , pp. 817-830
    • Dowden, R.L.1    Brundell, J.B.2    Rodger, C.J.3
  • 18
    • 58749107342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World-wide lightning location using VLF propagation in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide
    • doi:10.1109/MAP.2008.4674710
    • Dowden, R. L., et al. (2008), World-wide lightning location using VLF propagation in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide, IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag., 50(5), 40-60, doi:10.1109/MAP.2008.4674710.
    • (2008) IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag. , vol.50 , Issue.5 , pp. 40-60
    • Dowden, R.L.1
  • 19
    • 1242277756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A fundamental limit on electric fields in air
    • doi:10.1029/2003GL017781
    • Dwyer, J. R. (2003), A fundamental limit on electric fields in air, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(20), 2055, doi:10.1029/2003GL017781.
    • (2003) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.30 , Issue.20 , pp. 2055
    • Dwyer, J.R.1
  • 20
    • 34247562972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relativistic breakdown in planetary atmospheres
    • DOI 10.1063/1.2709652
    • Dwyer, J. R. (2007), Relativistic breakdown in planetary atmospheres, Phys. Plasmas, 14, 042901, doi:10.1063/1.2709652. (Pubitemid 46685548)
    • (2007) Physics of Plasmas , vol.14 , Issue.4 , pp. 042901
    • Dwyer, J.R.1
  • 21
    • 48749112467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Source mechanisms of terrestrial gamma-ray flashes
    • doi:10.1029/2007JD009248
    • Dwyer, J. R. (2008), Source mechanisms of terrestrial gamma-ray flashes, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D10103, doi:10.1029/2007JD009248.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113
    • Dwyer, J.R.1
  • 22
    • 30744436065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison between Monte Carlo simulations of runaway breakdown and terrestrial gamma-ray flash observations
    • doi:10.1029/ 2005GL023848
    • Dwyer, J. R., and D. M. Smith (2005), A comparison between Monte Carlo simulations of runaway breakdown and terrestrial gamma-ray flash observations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L22804, doi:10.1029/ 2005GL023848.
    • (2005) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.32
    • Dwyer, J.R.1    Smith, D.M.2
  • 24
    • 40849100261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-energy electron beams launched into space by thunderstorms
    • DOI 10.1029/2007GL032430
    • Dwyer, J. R., B. W. Grefenstette, and D. M. Smith (2008), High-energy electron beams launched into space by thunderstorms, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L02815, doi:10.1029/2007GL032430. (Pubitemid 351392202)
    • (2008) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.35 , Issue.2
    • Dwyer, J.R.1    Grefenstette, B.W.2    Smith, D.M.3
  • 26
    • 77952360306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of dead time losses on terrestrial gamma ray flash measurements with the Burst and transient source experiment
    • doi:10.1029/2009JA014578
    • Gjesteland, T., N. østgaard, P. H. Connell, J. Stadsnes, and G. J. Fishman (2010), Effects of dead time losses on terrestrial gamma ray flash measurements with the Burst and Transient Source Experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A00E21, doi:10.1029/2009JA014578.
    • (2010) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.115
    • Gjesteland, T.1    Østgaard, N.2    Connell, P.H.3    Stadsnes, J.4    Fishman, G.J.5
  • 29
    • 66149183014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First RHESSI terrestrial gamma ray flash catalog
    • doi:10.1029/2008JA013721
    • Grefenstette, B. W., D. M. Smith, B. J. Hazelton, and L. I. Lopez (2009), First RHESSI terrestrial gamma ray flash catalog, J. Geophys. Res., 114, A02314, doi:10.1029/2008JA013721.
    • (2009) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.114
    • Grefenstette, B.W.1    Smith, D.M.2    Hazelton, B.J.3    Lopez, L.I.4
  • 30
    • 0000973592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generation of X-rays due to multiple runaway breakdown inside thunderclouds
    • doi:10.1016/S0375-9601(99)00695-7
    • Gurevich, A. V., and G. M. Milikh (1999), Generation of X-rays due to multiple runaway breakdown inside thunderclouds, Phys. Lett. A, 262(6), 457-463, doi:10.1016/S0375-9601(99)00695-7.
    • (1999) Phys. Lett. A , vol.262 , Issue.6 , pp. 457-463
    • Gurevich, A.V.1    Milikh, G.M.2
  • 31
    • 0000784489 scopus 로고
    • Runaway electron mechanism of air breakdown and preconditioning during a thunderstorm
    • doi:10.1016/0375-9601(92)90348-P
    • Gurevich, A. V., G. M. Milikh, and R. A. Roussel-Dupré (1992), Runaway electron mechanism of air breakdown and preconditioning during a thunderstorm, Phys. Lett. A, 165(5-6), 463-468, doi:10.1016/0375-9601(92) 90348-P.
    • (1992) Phys. Lett. A , vol.165 , Issue.5-6 , pp. 463-468
    • Gurevich, A.V.1    Milikh, G.M.2    Roussel-Dupré, R.A.3
  • 34
    • 28144433115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Production of terrestrial gamma-ray flashes by an electromagnetic pulse from a lightning return stroke
    • DOI 10.1029/2005GL023702, L19818
    • Inan, U. S., and N. G. Lehtinen (2005), Production of terrestrial gammaray flashes by an electromagnetic pulse from a lightning return stroke, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L19818, doi:10.1029/2005GL023702. (Pubitemid 41694290)
    • (2005) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.32 , Issue.19 , pp. 1-5
    • Inan, U.S.1    Lehtinen, N.G.2
  • 35
    • 0030136447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the association of terrestrial gamma-ray bursts with lightning and implications for sprites
    • Inan, U. S., S. C. Reising, G. J. Fishman, and J. M. Horack (1996), On the association of terrestrial gamma ray bursts with lightning and implications for sprites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23(9), 1017-1020, doi:10.1029/ 96GL00746. (Pubitemid 27031386)
    • (1996) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.23 , Issue.9 , pp. 1017-1020
    • Inan, U.S.1    Reising, S.C.2    Fishman, G.J.3    Horack, J.M.4
  • 36
    • 34250765119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Terrestrial gamma ray flashes and lightning discharges
    • DOI 10.1029/2006GL027085
    • Inan, U. S., M. B. Cohen, R. K. Said, D. M. Smith, and L. I. Lopez (2006), Terrestrial gamma ray flashes and lightning discharges, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L18802, doi:10.1029/2006GL027085. (Pubitemid 351147933)
    • (2006) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.33 , Issue.18
    • Inan, U.S.1    Cohen, M.B.2    Said, R.K.3    Smith, D.M.4    Lopez, L.I.5
  • 37
    • 33747888194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance assessment of the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN), using the Los Alamos Sferic Array (LASA) as ground truth
    • DOI 10.1175/JTECH1902.1
    • Jacobson, A. R., R. H. Holzworth, J. Harlin, R. L. Dowden, and E. H. Lay (2006), Performance assessment of the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN), using the Los Alamos Sferic Array (LASA) as ground truth, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 23(8), 1082-1092, doi:10.1175/JTECH1902.1. (Pubitemid 44288556)
    • (2006) Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology , vol.23 , Issue.8 , pp. 1082-1092
    • Jacobson, A.R.1    Holzworth, R.2    Harlin, J.3    Dowden, R.4    Lay, E.5
  • 39
  • 40
    • 34548616347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local time variation in land/ocean lightning flash density as measured by the World Wide Lightning Location Network
    • DOI 10.1029/2006JD007944
    • Lay, E. H., A. R. Jacobson, R. H. Holzworth, C. J. Rodger, and R. L. Dowden (2007), Local time variation in land/ocean lightning flash density as measured by the World Wide Lightning Location Network, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D13111, doi:10.1029/2006JD007944. (Pubitemid 47408360)
    • (2007) Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres , vol.112 , Issue.13
    • Lay, E.H.1    Jacobson, A.R.2    Holzworth, R.H.3    Rodger, C.J.4    Dowden, R.L.5
  • 41
    • 0030301604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • γ-ray emission produced by a relativistic beam of runaway electrons accelerated by quasi-electrostatic thundercloud fields
    • doi:10.1029/96GL02573
    • Lehtinen, N. G., M. Walt, U. S. Inan, T. F. Bell, and V. P. Pasko (1996), γ-ray emission produced by a relativistic beam of runaway electrons accelerated by quasi-electrostatic thundercloud fields, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23(19), 2645-2648, doi:10.1029/96GL02573.
    • (1996) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.23 , Issue.19 , pp. 2645-2648
    • Lehtinen, N.G.1    Walt, M.2    Inan, U.S.3    Bell, T.F.4    Pasko, V.P.5
  • 42
    • 0001378407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte carlo simulation of runaway MeV electron breakdown with application to red sprites and terrestrial gamma ray flashes
    • doi:10.1029/1999JA900335, 712
    • Lehtinen, N. G., T. F. Bell, and U. S. Inan (1999), Monte Carlo simulation of runaway MeV electron breakdown with application to red sprites and terrestrial gamma ray flashes, J. Geophys. Res., 104(A11), 24,699-24,712, doi:10.1029/1999JA900335.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104 A11 , Issue.24 , pp. 699-624
    • Lehtinen, N.G.1    Bell, T.F.2    Inan, U.S.3
  • 43
    • 39449085495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of thunderstormdriven runaway electrons in the conjugate hemisphere: Purple sprites, ionization enhancements, and gamma rays
    • doi:10.1029/2000JA000160, 856
    • Lehtinen, N. G., U. S. Inan, and T. F. Bell (2001), Effects of thunderstormdriven runaway electrons in the conjugate hemisphere: Purple sprites, ionization enhancements, and gamma rays, J. Geophys. Res., 106(A12), 28,841-28,856, doi:10.1029/2000JA000160.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.106 A12 , Issue.28 , pp. 841-828
    • Lehtinen, N.G.1    Inan, U.S.2    Bell, T.F.3
  • 44
    • 58149263067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coordinated analysis of delayed sprites with high-speed images and remote electromagnetic fields
    • doi:10.1029/2008JD010008
    • Li, J., S. A. Cummer, W. A. Lyons, and T. E. Nelson (2008), Coordinated analysis of delayed sprites with high-speed images and remote electromagnetic fields, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D20206, doi:10.1029/ 2008JD010008.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113
    • Li, J.1    Cummer, S.A.2    Lyons, W.A.3    Nelson, T.E.4
  • 46
    • 79953010779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of broadband lightning emissions associated with terrestrial gamma ray flashes
    • doi:10.1029/2010JA016141
    • Lu, G., S. A. Cummer, J. Li, F. Han, D. M. Smith, and B. W. Grefenstette (2011), Characteristics of broadband lightning emissions associated with terrestrial gamma ray flashes, J. Geophys. Res., 116, A03316, doi:10.1029/2010JA016141.
    • (2011) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.116
    • Lu, G.1    Cummer, S.A.2    Li, J.3    Han, F.4    Smith, D.M.5    Grefenstette, B.W.6
  • 47
    • 0030374347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sprite observations above the U.S. high plains in relation to their parent thunderstorm systems
    • doi:10.1029/96JD01866, 652
    • Lyons, W. A. (1996), Sprite observations above the U.S. high plains in relation to their parent thunderstorm systems, J. Geophys. Res., 101(D23), 29,641-29,652, doi:10.1029/96JD01866.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 D23 , Issue.29 , pp. 641-629
    • Lyons, W.A.1
  • 49
    • 77949444822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of terrestrial gamma ray flashes up to 40 MeV by the AGILE satellite
    • doi:10.1029/2009JA014502
    • Marisaldi, M., et al. (2010), Detection of terrestrial gamma ray flashes up to 40 MeV by the AGILE satellite, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A00E13, doi:10.1029/2009JA014502.
    • (2010) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.115
    • Marisaldi, M.1
  • 50
    • 84984498396 scopus 로고
    • Further observations of X-rays inside thunderstorms
    • doi:10.1029/GL012i006p00393
    • McCarthy, M. P., and G. K. Parks (1985), Further observations of X-rays inside thunderstorms, Geophys. Res. Lett., 12(6), 393-396, doi:10.1029/ GL012i006p00393.
    • (1985) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.12 , Issue.6 , pp. 393-396
    • McCarthy, M.P.1    Parks, G.K.2
  • 51
    • 0033558153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model of gamma ray flashes due to fractal lightning
    • DOI 10.1029/1999GL900001
    • Milikh, G., and J. A. Valdivia (1999), Model of gamma ray flashes due to fractal lightning, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26(4), 525-528, doi:10.1029/ 1999GL900001. (Pubitemid 29280462)
    • (1999) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 525-528
    • Milikh, G.1    Valdivia, J.A.2
  • 52
    • 78650872281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Runaway breakdown and electrical discharges in thunderstorms
    • doi:10.1029/2009JA014818
    • Milikh, G. M., and R. Roussel-Dupré (2010), Runaway breakdown and electrical discharges in thunderstorms, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A00E60, doi:10.1029/2009JA014818.
    • (2010) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.115
    • Milikh, G.M.1    Roussel-Dupré, R.2
  • 53
    • 0035363837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energetic radiation associated with lightning stepped-leaders
    • DOI 10.1029/2001GL013140
    • Moore, C. B., K. B. Eack, G. D. Aulich, and W. Rison (2001), Energetic radiation associated with lightning stepped-leaders, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28(11), 2141-2144, doi:10.1029/2001GL013140. (Pubitemid 32596223)
    • (2001) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.28 , Issue.11 , pp. 2141-2144
    • Moore, C.B.1    Eack, K.B.2    Aulich, G.D.3    Rison, W.4
  • 54
    • 33947588766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte Carlo model for analysis of thermal runaway electrons in streamer tips in transient luminous events and streamer zones of lightning leaders
    • doi:10.1029/2005JA011350
    • Moss, G. D., V. P. Pasko, N. Liu, and G. Veronis (2006), Monte Carlo model for analysis of thermal runaway electrons in streamer tips in transient luminous events and streamer zones of lightning leaders, J. Geophys. Res., 111, A02307, doi:10.1029/2005JA011350.
    • (2006) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.111
    • Moss, G.D.1    Pasko, V.P.2    Liu, N.3    Veronis, G.4
  • 55
    • 23144466288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Latitudinal variations of cloud base height and lightning parameters in the tropics
    • DOI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2004.11.010, PII S0169809505000566, Atmospheric Electricity
    • Mushtak, V. C., E. R. Williams, and D. J. Boccippio (2005), Latitudinal variations of cloud base height and lightning parameters in the tropics, Atmos. Res., 76(1-4), 222-230, doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2004.11.010. (Pubitemid 41086568)
    • (2005) Atmospheric Research , vol.76 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 222-230
    • Mushtak, V.C.1    Williams, E.R.2    Boccippio, D.J.3
  • 56
    • 37149043203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal and spectral characteristics of terrestrial gamma flashes
    • 96JA03107
    • Nemiroff, R. J., J. T. Bonnell, and J. P. Norris (1997), Temporal and spectral characteristics of terrestrial gamma flashes, J. Geophys. Res., 102 (A5), 9659-9665, doi:10.1029/96JA03107. (Pubitemid 127694663)
    • (1997) Journal of Geophysical Research A: Space Physics , vol.102 , Issue.A5 , pp. 9659-9665
    • Bonnell, J.T.1
  • 57
    • 65249141950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple X-ray bursts from long discharges in air
    • doi:10.1088/0022-3727/41/23/234012
    • Nguyen, C. V., A. P. J. van Deursen, and U. Ebert (2008), Multiple X-ray bursts from long discharges in air, J. Phys. D Appl. Phys., 41, 234012, doi:10.1088/0022-3727/41/23/234012.
    • (2008) J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. , vol.41 , pp. 234012
    • Nguyen, C.V.1    Van Deursen, A.P.J.2    Ebert, U.3
  • 58
    • 41849097079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Production altitude and time delays of the terrestrial gamma flashes: Revisiting the burst and transient source experiment spectra
    • doi:10.1029/2007JA012618
    • østgaard, N., T. Gjesteland, J. Stadsnes, P. H. Connell, and B. E. Carlson (2008), Production altitude and time delays of the terrestrial gamma flashes: Revisiting the Burst and Transient Source Experiment spectra, J. Geophys. Res., 113, A02307, doi:10.1029/2007JA012618.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113
    • Østgaard, N.1    Gjesteland, T.2    Stadsnes, J.3    Connell, P.H.4    Carlson, B.E.5
  • 59
    • 0035333064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloud-to-ground lightning in the United States: NLDN results in the first decade, 1989-98
    • Orville, R. E., and G. R. Huffines (2001), Cloud-to-ground lightning in the United States: NLDN results in the first decade, 1989-98, Mon. Weather Rev., 129, 1179-1193, doi:10.1175/1520-0493(2001)1292.0.CO;2. (Pubitemid 32554952)
    • (2001) Monthly Weather Review , vol.129 , Issue.5 , pp. 1179-1193
    • Orville, R.E.1    Huffines, G.R.2
  • 60
    • 80055057369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global optical lightning intensity near the equator from the C/NOFS satellite, abstract AE21B-0277 presented at 2010 fall meeting
    • San Francisco, Calif., 13-17 Dec.
    • Reeves, M. C., R. H. Holzworth, A. R. Jacobson, M. P. McCarthy, M. L. Hutchins, and R. F. Pfaff (2010), Global optical lightning intensity near the equator from the C/NOFS satellite, Abstract AE21B-0277 presented at 2010 Fall Meeting, AGU, San Francisco, Calif., 13-17 Dec.
    • (2010) AGU
    • Reeves, M.C.1    Holzworth, R.H.2    Jacobson, A.R.3    McCarthy, M.P.4    Hutchins, M.L.5    Pfaff, R.F.6
  • 61
    • 16244390223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Location accuracy of VLF World-Wide Lightning Location (WWLL) network: Post-algorithm upgrade
    • Rodger, C. J., J. B. Brundell, and R. L. Dowden (2005), Location accuracy of VLF World-Wide Lightning Location (WWLL) network: Postalgorithm upgrade, Annales Geophysicae, 23(2), 277-290. (Pubitemid 40464915)
    • (2005) Annales Geophysicae , vol.23 , Issue.2 , pp. 277-290
    • Rodger, C.J.1    Brundell, J.B.2    Dowden, R.L.3
  • 62
    • 33845947167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection efficiency of the VLF World-Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN): Initial case study
    • Rodger, C. J., S. Werner, J. B. Brundell, E. H. Lay, N. R. Thomson, R. H. Holzworth, and R. L. Dowden (2006), Detection efficiency of the VLF World-Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN): Initial case study, Ann. Geophys., 24, 3197-3214. (Pubitemid 46031778)
    • (2006) Annales Geophysicae , vol.24 , Issue.12 , pp. 3197-3214
    • Rodger, C.J.1    Werner, S.2    Brundell, J.B.3    Lay, E.H.4    Thomson, N.R.5    Holzworth, R.H.6    Dowden, R.L.7
  • 64
    • 67650357886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growing detection efficiency of the world wide lightning location network
    • doi:10.1063/1.3137706, b, Corte, France, 23- 27 June 2008, edited by N. B. Crosby, T.-Y. Huang, and M. J. Rycroft, Am. Inst. of Phys., Melville, N. Y.
    • Rodger, C. J., J. B. Brundell, R. H. Holzworth, and E. H. Lay (2009b), Growing detection efficiency of the World Wide Lightning Location Network, in Coupling of Thunderstorms and Lightning Discharges to Near-Earth Space: Proceedings of the Workshop, Corte, France, 23- 27 June 2008, vol. 1118, edited by N. B. Crosby, T.-Y. Huang, and M. J. Rycroft, pp. 15-20, Am. Inst. of Phys., Melville, N. Y., doi:10.1063/1.3137706.
    • (2009) Coupling Of Thunderstorms and Lightning Discharges to Near-Earth Space: Proceedings of the Workshop , vol.1118 , pp. 15-20
    • Rodger, C.J.1    Brundell, J.B.2    Holzworth, R.H.3    Lay, E.H.4
  • 65
    • 0032458214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulations of high-altitude discharges initiated by runaway breakdown
    • DOI 10.1016/S1364-6826(98)00028-5, PII S1364682698000285
    • Roussel-Dupré, R. A., E. Symbalisty, Y. Taranenko, and V. Yukhimuk (1998), Simulations of high-altitude discharges initiated by runaway breakdown, J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys., 60(7-9), 917-940, doi:10.1016/ S1364-6826(98)00028- 5. (Pubitemid 29107662)
    • (1998) Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics , vol.60 , Issue.7-9 , pp. 917-940
    • Roussel-Dupre, R.1    Symbalisty, E.2    Taranenko, Y.3    Yukhimuk, V.4
  • 66
    • 0000451771 scopus 로고
    • Red sprites and blue jets: Thunderstorm-excited optical emissions in the stratosphere, mesosphere and ionosphere
    • doi:10.1063/1.871213
    • Sentman, D. D., and E. M. Wescott (1995), Red sprites and blue jets: Thunderstorm-excited optical emissions in the stratosphere, mesosphere and ionosphere, Phys. Plasmas, 2(6), 2514-2522, doi:10.1063/ 1.871213.
    • (1995) Phys. Plasmas , vol.2 , Issue.6 , pp. 2514-2522
    • Sentman, D.D.1    Wescott, E.M.2
  • 67
    • 77954412069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A closer examination of terrestrial gamma-ray flash-related lightning processes
    • doi:10.1029/2009JA014835
    • Shao, X.-M., T. Hamlin, and D. M. Smith (2010), A closer examination of terrestrial gamma-ray flash-related lightning processes, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A00E30, doi:10.1029/2009JA014835.
    • (2010) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.115
    • Shao, X.-M.1    Hamlin, T.2    Smith, D.M.3
  • 69
    • 0037000958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The RHESSI spectrometer
    • doi:10.1023/A:1022400716414, b
    • Smith, D. M., et al. (2002b), The RHESSI spectrometer, Sol. Phys., 210(1), 33-60, doi:10.1023/A:1022400716414.
    • (2002) Sol. Phys. , vol.210 , Issue.1 , pp. 33-60
    • Smith, D.M.1
  • 70
    • 13844319483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Terrestrial gamma-ray flashes observed up to 20 MeV
    • DOI 10.1126/science.1107466
    • Smith, D. M., L. I. Lopez, R. P. Lin, and C. P. Barrington-Leigh (2005), Terrestrial gamma-ray flashes observed up to 20 MeV, Science, 307 (5712), 1085-1088, doi:10.1126/science.1107466. (Pubitemid 40262109)
    • (2005) Science , vol.307 , Issue.5712 , pp. 1085-1088
    • Smith, D.M.1    Lopez, L.I.2    Lin, R.P.3    Barrington-Leigh, C.P.4
  • 71
    • 77957609160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The anomalous terrestrial gamma-ray flash of 17 January 2004
    • Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract AE31A-1040
    • Smith, D. M., et al. (2006), The anomalous terrestrial gamma-ray flash of 17 January 2004, Eos Trans. AGU, Fall Meet. Suppl., 87(52), Abstract AE31A-1040.
    • (2006) Eos Trans. AGU , vol.87 , pp. 52
    • Smith, D.M.1
  • 72
  • 73
    • 79955379063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rarity of terrestrial gamma-ray flashes
    • doi:10.1029/2011GL046875
    • Smith, D. M., et al. (2011), The rarity of terrestrial gamma-ray flashes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L08807, doi:10.1029/2011GL046875.
    • (2011) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.38
    • Smith, D.M.1
  • 77
    • 3543095659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lightning, thermodynamic and hydrological comparison of the two tropical continental chimneys
    • DOI 10.1016/j.jastp.2004.05.015, PII S1364682604001178
    • Williams, E. R., and G. Sátori (2004), Lightning, thermodynamic and hydrological comparison of the two tropical continental chimneys, J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys., 66(13-14), 1213-1231, doi:10.1016/j. jastp.2004.05.015. (Pubitemid 39026941)
    • (2004) Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics , vol.66 , Issue.SPEC. ISS. , pp. 1213-1231
    • Williams, E.R.1    Satori, G.2
  • 78
    • 0024800659 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between lightning type and convective state of thunderclouds
    • doi:10.1029/JD094iD11p13213, 220
    • Williams, E. R., M. E. Weber, and R. E. Orville (1989), The relationship between lightning type and convective state of thunderclouds, J. Geophys. Res., 94(D11), 13,213-13,220, doi:10.1029/JD094iD11p13213.
    • (1989) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.94 D11 , Issue.13 , pp. 213-213
    • Williams, E.R.1    Weber, M.E.2    Orville, R.E.3
  • 80
    • 84943261789 scopus 로고
    • The acceleration of b-particles in strong electric fields such as those of thunderclouds
    • doi:10.1017/S0305004100003236
    • Wilson, C. T. R. (1925), The acceleration of b-particles in strong electric fields such as those of thunderclouds, Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc., 22(4), 534-538, doi:10.1017/S0305004100003236.
    • (1925) Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 534-538
    • Wilson, C.T.R.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.