The chemical composition of cometsemerging taxonomies and natal heritage

Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics

Volumn 49, Issue , 2011, Pages 471-524

  Mumma, Michael J ^a   Charnley, Steven B ^a  

^a NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 80051990222     PISSN: 00664146     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-astro-081309-130811     Document Type: Article

References (422)

1. Abbas MM, Kandadi H, LeClair A, Achterberg RK, Flasar FM, et al. 2010. Ap. J. 708:342
2. A'Hearn MF. 2011. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 49:281
3. A'Hearn MF, Belton MJS, Delamere WA, Feaga LM, Hampton D, et al. 2011. Science 332(6036):1396
4. A'Hearn MF, Belton MJS, Delamere WA, Kissel J, Klaasen, et al. 2005. Science 310:258
5. A'Hearn MF, Combi MR. 2007a. Icarus 187:1
6. A'Hearn MF, Combi MR. 2007b. Icarus 190:283
7. A'Hearn MF, Hoban S, Birch PV, Bowers C, Martin R, Klinglesmith DA III. 1986. Nature 324:649
8. A'Hearn MF, Millis RL, Schleicher DG, Osip DJ, Birch PV. 1995. Icarus 118:223
9. Adams FC. 2010. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 48:47
10. Aikawa Y, Herbst E. 1999. Ap. J. 526:314
11. Aikawa Y, Herbst E. 2001. Astron. Astrophys. 371:1107
12. Aikawa Y, van Zadelhoff GJ, van Dishoeck EF, Herbst E. 2002. Astron. Astrophys. 386:622
13. Aikawa Y, Wakelam V, Garrod RT, Herbst E. 2008. Ap. J. 674:984
14. Aléon J. 2010. Ap. J. 72:1342
15. Aléon J, Robert F, Chaussidon M, Marty B. 2003. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 67:3773
16. Alexander CMO'D, Boss AP, Keller LP, Nuth JA, Weinberger A. 2007. See Reipurth, Jewitt & Keil 2007, p. 801
17. Alexander CMO'D, Cody GD, Fogel M, Yabuta H. 2008. Organic Matter in Space, IAU Symp. 251, ed. SA Sandford, S Kwok, p. 293. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
18. Altwegg K. 1996. Sulfur in Comet Halley from In Situ Measurements. PhD thesis. Habilitationsschrift. University of Bern
19. Altwegg K, Balsiger H, Geiss J. 1999. Space Sci. Rev. 90:3
20. Altwegg K, Bockelée-Morvan D. 2003. Space Sci. Rev. 106:139
21. Anderson WM. 2010. Infrared observations of oxidized carbon in Comet C/2002 T7 (LINEAR). PhD thesis. Catholic Univ. America, Washington, DC
22. Apai DS, Lauretta DS. 2010. Protoplanetary Dust: Astrophysical and Cosmochemical Perspectives, ed. D Apai, DS Lauretta, p. 396. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
23. Arpigny C, Jehin E, Manfroid J, Hutsemékers D, Schulz R, et al. 2003. Science 301:1522
24. Bacmann A, Caux E, Hily-Blant P, Parise B, Paganani L, et al. 2010. Astron. Astrophys. 521:L42
25. Ballauff M, Rosenfeldt S, Dingenouts N, Beck J, Krieger-Beck P. 2004. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 43:5843
26. Balsiger H, Altwegg K, Geiss J. 1995. J. Geophys. Res. 100:5827
27. Battersby C, Bally J, Jackson JM, Ginsburg A, Shirley YL, et al. 2010. Ap. J. 721:222
28. Becker L, Poreda RJ, Bunch TE. 2000. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97:2979
29. Belloche A, Garrod RT, Müller HSP, Menten KM, Comito C, Schilke P. 2009. Astron. Astrophys. 499:215
30. Bennett CJ, Osamura Y, Lebar MD, Kaiser RI. 2005. Ap. J. 634:698
31. Benz AO, Bruderer S, van Dishoeck EF, Stäuber P, Wampfler SF, et al. 2010. Astron. Astrophys. 521:L35
32. Bergin EA. 2011. Physical Processes in Circumstellar Disks Around Young Stars, ed. PJV Garcia. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press. 440 pp.
33. Bergin EA, Aikawa Y, Blake GA, van Dishoeck EF. 2007. See Reipurth, Jewitt & Keil 2007, p. 751
34. Bergin EA, Alves J, Huard T, Lada CJ. 2002. Ap. J. 570:L101
35. Bergin EA, Melnick GJ, Gerakines PA, Neufeld DA, Whittet DCB. 2005. Ap. J. 627:L33
36. Bergin EA, Phillips TG, Comito C, Crockett NR, Lis DC, et al. 2010. Astron. Astrophys. 521:L20
37. Bergin EA, Tafalla M. 2007. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 45:339
38. Bergman P, Parise B, Liseau R, Larsson B. 2011. Astron. Astrophys. 527:A39
39. Bernstein MP, Sandford SA, Allamandola LJ, Chang S, Scharberg MA. 1995. Ap. J. 454:327
40. Bhardwaj A, Raghuram S. 2011. MNRAS 412(1):L25
41. Bisschop SE, Fuchs GW, van Dishoeck EF, Linnartz H. 2007a. Astron. Astrophys. 474:1061
42. Bisschop SE, Jørgensen JK, Bourke TL, Bottinelli S, van Dishoeck EF. 2008. Astron. Astrophys. 488:959
43. Bisschop SE, Jørgensen JK, van Dishoeck EF, deWachter EBM. 2007b. Astron. Astrophys. 465:913
44. Biver N, Bockelée-Morvan D, Colom P, Crovisier J, Germain B, et al. 1997. Earth Moon Planets 78:5
45. Biver N, Bockelée-Morvan D, Colom P, Crovisier J, Lecacheux A, et al. 2009. Astron. Astrophys. 501:359
46. Biver N, Bockelée-Morvan D, Crovisier J, Colom P, Henry F, et al. 2002. Earth Moon Planets 90:323
47. Biver N, Bockelée-Morvan D, Crovisier J, Lecacheux A, Frisk U, et al. 2007. Planet. Space Sci. 55:1058
48. Biver N, Bockelée-Morvan D, Crovisier J, Lis DC, Moreno R, et al. 2006. Astron. Astrophys. 449:1255
49. Bizzocchi L, Caselli P, Dore L. 2010. Astron. Astrophys. 510:L5
50. Blake GA, Qi C, Hogerheide MR, Gurwell MA, Muhleman DO. 1999. Nature 398:213
51. Blake GA, Sutton EC, Masson CR, Phillips TG. 1987. Ap. J. 315:621
52. Bockelée-Morvan D. 2010. In Physics and Astrophysics of Planetary Systems, ed. T Montmerle, D Ehrenreich, A-M Lagrange, EAS Publ. Ser. 41:313
53. Bockelée-Morvan D, Biver N, Jehin E, Cochran AL, Wiesemeyer H, et al. 2008. Ap. J. 679:L49
54. Bockelée-Morvan D, Crovisier J, Mumma MJ, Weaver HA. 2004. See Festou, Keller & Weaver 2004, p. 391
55. Bockelée-Morvan D, Gautier D, Hersant F, Huré J-M, Robert F. 2002. Astron. Astrophys. 384:1107
56. Bockelée-Morvan D, Gautier D, Lis DC, Young K, Keene J, et al. 1998. Icarus 133:147
57. Bockelée-Morvan D, Hartogh P, Crovisier J, Vandenbussche B, Swinyard BM, et al. 2010. Astron. Astrophys. 518:L149
58. Bockelée-Morvan D, Henry F, Biver N, Boissier J, Colom P, et al. 2009a. Astron. Astrophys. 505:825
59. Bockelée-Morvan D, Woodward CE, Kelley MS, Wooden DH. 2009b. Ap. J. 696:1075
60. Boehnhardt H, Holdstock S, Hainaut O, Tozzi GP, Benetti S, Licandro J. 2002. Earth Moon Planets 90:131
61. Boehnhardt H, Kaufl HU, Keen R, Carmilleri P, Carvajal J, Hale A. 1995. IAU Circ. 6274:1
62. Boehnhardt H, Mumma MJ, Villanueva GL, DiSanti MA, Bonev BP, et al. 2008. Ap. J. 683:L71
63. Boissier J, Bockelée-Morvan D, Biver N, Crovisier J, Despois D, et al. 2007. Astron. Astrophys. 475:1131
64. Boissier J, Bockelée-Morvan D, Biver N, Crovisier J, Lellouch E, Moreno R. 2008. Asteroids, Comets, Meteors 2008. LPI Contrib. 1405, Abstr. 8081. Houston, TX: Lunar Planet. Inst. (CD-ROM)
65. Bonal L, Huss GR, Krot AN, Nagashima K, Ishii HA. 2010. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 74:6590
66. Bonev BP, Mumma MJ, DiSanti MA, Dello Russo N, Magee-Sauer K. 2006. Ap. J. 653:774
67. Bonev BP, Mumma MJ, Gibb EL, DiSanti MA, Magee-Sauer K, et al. 2009. Ap. J. 699:1563
68. Bonev BP, Mumma MJ, Kawakita H, Kobayashi H, Villanueva GL. 2008a. Icarus 196:241
69. Bonev BP, Mumma MJ, Radeva YL, DiSanti MA, Gibb EL, Villanueva GL. 2008b. Ap. J. 680:L61
70. Bonev BP, Mumma MJ, Villanueva GL, DiSanti MA, Ellis RS, et al. 2007. Ap. J. 661:L97
71. Boogert ACA, Huard TL, Cook AM, Chiar JE, Knez C. 2011. Ap. J. 729:92
72. Boogert ACA, Pontoppidan KM, Lahuis F, Jorgensen JK, Augereau J-C, et al. 2004. Ap. J. Suppl. 154:359
73. Boogert ACA, Pontoppidan KM, Knez C, Lahuis F, Kessler-Silacci J, et al. 2008. Ap. J. 678:985
74. Boogert ACA, Schutte WA, Tielens AGGM, Whittet DCB, Helmich FP, et al. 1996. Astron. Astrophys. 315:L337
75. Boss AP. 1998. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 26:53
76. Botta O, Bada JL. 2002. Surv. Geophys. 23:411
77. Bottinelli S, Boogert ACA, Bouwman J, Beckwith M, van Dishoeck EF, et al. 2010. Ap. J. 718:1200
78. Bregman JD, Witteborn FC, Allamandola LJ, Campins H, Wooden DH. 1987. Astron. Astrophys. 187:616
79. Bringa EM, Kucheyev SO, Loeffler MJ, Baragiola RA, Tielens AGGM, et al. 2007. Ap. J. 662:372
80. Brownlee DE, Horz F, Newburn RL, Zolensky M, Duxbury TC, et al. 2004. Science 304:1764
81. Brownlee D, Tsou P, Aléon J, Alexander CMO'D, Araki T, et al. 2006. Science 314:1711
82. Buntkowsky G, Limbach H-H, Walaszek B, Adamczyk A, Xu Y, et al. 2008. Z. Phys. Chem. 222:1049
83. Burchell MJ, Kearsley AT. 2009. Planet. Space Sci. 57:1146
84. Busemann H, Nguyen AN, Nittler LR, Stroud RM, Zega TJ, et al. 2008. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 72:A124
85. Busemann H, Young AF, Alexander CMO'D, Hoppe P, Mukhopadhyay S, Nittler LR. 2006. Science 312:727
86. Cami J, Bernard-Salas J, Peeters E, Malek SE. 2010. Science 329:1180
87. Campins H, Ryan EV. 1989. Ap. J. 341:1059
88. Ceccarelli C, Caselli P, Herbst E, Tielens AGGM, Caux E. 2007. See Reipurth, Jewitt & Keil 2007, p. 47
89. Cernicharo JC, Guélin M, Agündez M, Kawaguchi K, McCarthy M, Thaddeus P. 2007. Astron. Astrophys. 467:L37
90. Chaizy P, Reme H, Sauvaud JA, D'Uston C, Lin RP, et al. 1991. Nature 349:393
91. Chandler CJ, Brogan CL, Shirley YL, Loinard L. 2005. Ap. J. 632:371
92. Charnley SB. 1997. Astronomical and Biochemical Origins and the Search for Life in the Universe, ed. CB Cosmovici, S Bowyer, D Wertheimer, p. 89. Bologna, Italy: Ed. Compos.
93. Charnley SB. 2001. The Bridge Between the Big Bang and Biology, ed. F Giovannelli, Spec. Vol., p. 139. Rome, Italy: Consiglio Naz. Ric. Pres. Bur.
94. Charnley SB, Ehrenfreund P, Kuan Y-J. 2001. Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biol. 57:685
95. Charnley SB, Kuan Y-J, Peng M-L, Huang H-C, Rodgers SD. 2002. Asteroids, Comets, Meteors 2002. ESA SP-500, p. 763. Noordwijk, Neth.: ESA
96. Charnley SB, Rodgers SD. 2002. Ap. J. 569:L133
97. Charnley SB, Rodgers SD. 2008. Space Sci. Rev. 138:59
98. Charnley SB, Rodgers SD. 2009. Adv. Geosci. 15:211
99. Charnley SB, Tielens AGGM, Millar TJ. 1992. Ap. J. 399:L71
100. Ciesla FJ, Charnley SB. 2006. In Meteorites and the Early Solar System II, ed. D Lauretta, H McSween, p. 209. Tucson: Univ. Ariz. Press
101. Clairemidi J, Bréchignac P, Moreels G, Pautet D. 2004. Planet. Space Sci. 52:761
102. Clairemidi J, Moreels G, Mousis O, Bréchignac P. 2008. Astron. Astrophys. 492:245
103. Clayton DD, Nittler LR. 2004. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 42:39
104. Clayton RN. 2002a. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 37(Suppl.):A35
105. Clayton RN. 2002b. Nature 415:860
106. Clemett SJ, Maechling CR, Zare RN, Swan PD, Walker RM. 1993. Science 262:721
107. Clemett SJ, Sandford SA, Nakamura-Messenger K, Hörz F, McKay DS. 2010. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 45:701
108. Cochran AL, Barker ES, Ramseyer TF, Storrs A. 1992. Icarus 98:151
109. Cody GD, Alexander CMO'D, Kilcoyne ALD, Yabuta H. 2008. In Organic Matter in Space, IAU Symp. 251, ed. SA Sandford, S. Kwok, p. 277. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
110. Colangeli L, Epifani E, Brucato JR, Bussoletti E, de Sanctis C, et al. 1999. Astron. Astrophys. 343:L87
111. Combes M, Crovisier J, Encrenaz T, Moroz VI, Bibring J-P. 1988. Icarus 76:404
112. Cordiner MA, Charnley SB, Buckle JV, Walsh C, Millar TJ. 2011. Ap. J. 730:L18
113. Cordiner MA, Millar TJ. 2009. Ap. J. 679:68
114. Cottin H, Fray N. 2008. Space Sci. Rev. 138:179
115. Cronin JR. 1998. The Molecular Origins of Life: Assembling Pieces of the Puzzle, ed. A Brack, p. 119. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
116. Crovisier J. 2006. Asteroids, Comets, Meteors 2005, In IAU Symp. 229, ed. L Daniela, M Sylvio Ferraz, F. Julio Angel, p. 133. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
117. Crovisier J. 2007. Proc. 18 Recontres de Blois, Planetary Science: Challenges and Discoveries, May 28-June 2, 2006, Blois, France (astro-ph/0703785)
118. Crovisier J, Biver N, Bockelée-Morvan D, Boissier J, Colom P, et al. 2005. Bull. Am. Astron. Soc. 37:646
119. Crovisier J, Biver N, Bockelée-Morvan D, Boissier J, Colom P, Lis DC. 2009a. Earth, Moon, Planets 105:267
120. Crovisier J, Biver N, Bockelée-Morvan D, Colom P. 2009b. Planet. Space Sci. 57:1162
121. Crovisier J, Bockelée-Morvan D. 2008. Icarus 195:938
122. Crovisier J, Bockelée-Morvan D, Biver N, Colom P, Despois D, Lis DC. 2004b. Astron. Astrophys. 418:L35
123. Crovisier J, Bockelée-Morvan D, Colom P, Biver N, Despois D, et al. 2004a. Astron. Astrophys. 418:1141
124. Crovisier J, Brooke TY, Hanner MS, Keller HU, Lamy PL, et al. 1996. Astron. Astrophys. 315:L385
125. Crovisier J, Colom P, Biver N, Bockelée-Morvan D. 2008. Asteroids, Comets, Meteors 2008. LPI Contrib. 1405, Abstr. 8119. Houston, TX: Lunar Planet. Inst. (CD-ROM)
126. Crovisier J, Colom P, Gérard E, Bockelée-Morvan D, Bourgois G. 2002. Astron. Astrophys. 393:1053
127. Crovisier J, Encrenaz Th, Lellouch E, Bockelée-Morvan D, Altieri B, et al. 1999. In The Universe as Seen by ISO, ed. P Cox, MF Kessler, ESA-SP 427:161. Noordwijk, Neth.: ESA
128. Crovisier J, Leech K, Bockelée-Morvan D, Brooke TY, Hanner MS, et al. 1997. Science 275:1904
129. Crovisier J, Brooke TY, Leech K, Bockelée-Morvan D, Lellouch E, et al. 2000. Thermal Emission Spectroscopy and Analysis of Dust, Disks, and Regoliths, ed. ML Sitko, AL Sprague, DK Lynch ASPC 196:109. San Francisco, CA.:ASP
130. Cruikshank DP, Barucci MA, Emery JP, Fernández YR, Grundy WM, et al. 2007. See Reipurth, Jewitt & Keil 2007, p. 879
131. d'Hendecourt LB, Allamandola LJ, Grim RJA, Greenberg JM. 1986. Astron. Astrophys. 158:119
132. Dartois E. 2005. Space Sci. Rev. 119:293
133. Dartois E, Schutte WA, Geballe TR, Demyk K, Ehrenfreund P, d'Hendecourt LB. 1999. Astron. Astrophys. 342:L32
134. Dello Russo N, DiSanti MA, Magee-Sauer K, Gibb EL, Mumma MJ, et al. 2004. Icarus 168:186
135. Dello Russo N, Vervack RJ Jr, Lisse CM, Weaver HA, Kawakita H, et al. 2011. Ap. J. 734:L8
136. Dello Russo N, Vervack RJ Jr, Weaver HA, Biver N, Bockelée-Morvan D, et al. 2007. Nature 448:172
137. Dello Russo N, Vervack RJ Jr, Weaver HA, Kawakita, H, Kobayashi H, et al. 2009. Ap. J. 703:187
138. Demyk K, Carrez Ph, Leroux H, Cordier P, Jones AP. 2001. Astron. Astrophys. 368:L38
139. Despois D, Crovisier J, Bockelée-Morvan D, Schraml J, Forveille T, Gerard E. 1986. Astron. Astrophys. 160:L11
140. Dickens J, Irvine WM. 1999. Ap. J. 518:733
141. DiSanti MA, Anderson WM, Villanueva GL, Bonev BP, Magee-Sauer K, et al. 2007a. Ap. J. 661:L101
142. DiSanti MA, Bonev BP, Magee-Sauer K, Dello Russo N, Mumma MJ. 2006. Ap. J. 650:470
143. DiSanti MA, Mumma MJ. 2008. Space Sci. Rev. 138:127
144. DiSanti MA, Villanueva GL, Bonev BP, Magee-Sauer K, Lyke JE, Mumma MJ. 2007b. Icarus 187:240
145. Dones L, Weissman PR, Levison HF, Duncan MJ. 2004a. See Festou, Keller & Weaver 2004, p. 153
146. Dones L, Weissman PR, Levison HF, Duncan MJ. 2004b. In Star Formation in the Interstellar Medium, ed. D Johnstone, FC Adams, DNC Lin, DA Neufeld, EC Ostriker, ASP Conf. Ser., Vol. 323, pp. 371
147. Drahus M, Jewitt D, Guilbert-Lepoutre A. 2011. Ap. J. 734:L4
148. Draine BT. 2003. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 41:241
149. Draine BT. 2009. In Cosmic Dust-Near and Far, ed. T Henning, E Grun, J Steinacker, ASP Conf. Ser., Vol. 414, p. 453
150. Drouart A, Dubrulle B, Gautier D, Robert F. 1999. Icarus 140:129
151. Dulieu F, Amiaud L, Congiu E, Fillion J-H, Matar E, et al. 2010. Astron. Astrophys. 512:A30
152. Eberhardt P. 1999. Space Sci. Rev. 90:45
153. Eberhardt P, Meier R, Krankowsky D, Hodges RR. 1994. Astron. Astrophys. 288:315
154. Eberhardt P, Reber M, Krankowsky D, Hodges RR. 1995. Astron. Astrophys. 302:301
155. Ehrenfreund P, Charnley SB. 2000. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 38:427
156. Ehrenfreund P, Charnley SB, Wooden D. 2004. See Festou, Keller & Weaver 2004, p. 115
157. Ehrenfreund P, Krafft K, Kochan H, Pirronello V, eds. 1999. Laboratory Astrophysics and Space Research. Dordrecht: Kluwer Acad.
158. Elsila JE, Glavin DP, Dworkin JP. 2009. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 44:1323
159. Encrenaz T, Bockelée-Morvan D, Crovisier J, Lellouch E. 2005. Proc. Dusty and Molecular Universe: A Prelude to Herschel and ALMA, ed. A Wilson, ESA SP-577, p. 61. Noordwijk, Neth.: ESA
160. Enoch M, Evans NJ II, Sargent AI, Glenn J, Rosolowsky E, Myers P. 2008. Astron. Astrophys. 684:1240
161. Feaga LM, A'Hearn MF, Sunshine JM, Groussin O, Farnham TL. 2007. Icarus 190:345
162. Feldman PD, Cochran AL, Combi MR. 2004. See Festou, Keller & Weaver 2004 p. 425
163. Feldman PD, Festou MC, Tozzi GP, Weaver HA. 1997. Ap. J. 475:829
164. Feldman PD, Lupu RE, McCandliss SR, Weaver HA. 2009. Ap. J. 699:1104
165. Festou MC, Keller HU, Weaver HA, eds. 2004. Comets II. Tucson: Univ. Ariz. Press
166. Fink U. 2009. Icarus 201:311
167. Fink U, Hicks MD. 1996. Ap. J. 459:729
168. Floss C, Stadermann FJ, Bradley JP, Dai ZR, Bajt S, et al. 2006. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 70:2371
169. Floss C, Stadermann FJ, Bradley J, Dai ZR, Bajt S, Graham G. 2004. Science 303:1355
170. Flynn GJ, Keller LP, Jacobsen C, Wirick S. 2004. Adv. Space Res. 33:57
171. Flynn G, Keller LP, Wirick S, Jacobsen C. 2008. Organic Matter in Space, IAU Symp 251, ed. SA Sandford, S Kwok, p. 267. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
172. Flynn GJ, Keller LP, Jacobsen C, Wirick S, Miller MA. 2000. In A New Era in Bioastronomy, ed.G Lemarchand, K Meech, ASP Conf. Ser. 213, p. 191
173. Fomenkova MS. 1999. Space Sci. Rev. 90:109
174. Fouchet T, Irwin PGJ, Parrish P, Calcutt SB, Taylor FW, et al. 2004. Icarus 172:50
175. Fray N, Bénilan Y, Biver N, Bockelée-Morvan D, Cottin H, et al. 2006. Icarus 184:239
176. Fray N, Bénilan Y, Cottin H, Gazeau M-C, Crovisier J. 2005. Planet. Space Sci. 53:1243
177. Friberg P, Hjalmarson A, Madden SC, Irvine WM. 1988. Astron. Astrophys. 195:281
178. Friesen RK, Di Francesco J, Myers PC, Belloche A, Shirley YL, et al. 2010b. Ap. J. 718:666
179. Friesen RK, Di Francesco J, Shimajiri Y, Takakuwa S. 2010a. Ap. J. 708:1002
180. Friesen RK, Di Francesco J, Shirley YL, Myers PC. 2009. Ap. J. 697:1457
181. Fuchs GW, Cuppen HM, Ioppolo S, Romanzin C, Bisschop SE, et al. 2009. Astron. Astrophys. 505:629
182. Garrod RT, Herbst E. 2006. Astron. Astrophys. 457:927
183. Geiss J, Altwegg K, Anders E, Balsiger H, Meier A, et al. 1991. Astron. Astrophys. 247:226
184. Geiss J, Altwegg K, Balsiger H, Graf S. 1999. Space Sci. Rev. 90:253
185. Geiss J, Gloeckler G. 2003. Space Sci. Rev. 106(1):3
186. Gerakines PA, Whittet DCB, Ehrenfreund P, Boogert ACA, Tielens AGGM, et al. Ap. J. 522:357
187. Gerin M, Marcelino N, Biver N, Roueff E, Coudert LH, et al. 2009. Astron. Astrophys. 498:L9
188. Gibb EL, DiSanti MA, Magee-Sauer K, Dello Russo N, Bonev BP, Mumma MJ. 2007. Icarus 188:224
189. Gibb EL, Mumma MJ, Dello Russo N, DiSanti MA, Magee-Sauer K. 2003. Icarus 165:391
190. Gibb EL, Whittet DCB, Boogert ACA, Tielens AGGM. 2004. Ap. J. Suppl. 151:35
191. Gibb EL, Whittet DCB, Schutte WA, Boogert ACA, Chiar JE, et al. 2000. Ap. J. 536:347
192. Gilmour I. 2003. In Treatise on Geochemistry, Vol. 1: Meteorites, Comets, and Planets, ed. AM Davis, p. 269. Oxford: Elsevier
193. Glavin DP, Dworkin JP, Sandford SA. 2008. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 43:399
194. Gomes R, Levison HF, Tsiganis K, Morbidelli A. 2005. Nature 435:466
195. Gupta H, Gottlieb CA, McCarthy MC, Thaddeus P. 2009. Ap. J. 691:1494
196. Hamada S, Yamaguchi M, Ootsubo T, Kobayashi H, Kawakita H, et al. 2010. Bull. Am. Astron. Soc. 42:2814
197. Hanner MS, Bradley JP. 2004. See Festou, Keller & Weaver 2004, p. 555
198. Hanner MS, Lynch DK, Russell RW, Hackwell JA, Kellogg R, Blaney D. 1996. Icarus 124:344
199. Harada N, Herbst E. 2008. Ap. J. 685:272
200. Harker DE, Wooden DH, Woodward CE, Lisse CM. 2002. Ap. J. 580:579
201. Harker DE, Wooden DH, Woodward CE, Lisse CM. 2004. Ap. J. 615:1081
202. Harmon JK, Nolan MC, Howell ES, Giorgini JD. 2011. Ap. J. 734:L2
203. Hartogh P, Crovisier J, de Val-Borro M, Bockelée-Morvan D, Biver N, et al. 2010. Astron. Astrophys. 518:L150
204. Hartogh P, Lis DC, Bockelée-Morvan D, de Val-Borro M, Biver N, et al. 2011. Nature 478:218
205. Hatchell J, Fuller GA, Richer JS, Harries TJ, Ladd EF. 2007. Astron. Astrophys. 468:1009
206. Hatchell J, Millar TJ, Rodgers SD. 1998. Astron. Astrophys. 332:695
207. Helbert J, Rauer H, Boice DC, Huebner WF. 2005. Astron. Astrophys. 442:1107
208. Herbst E, van Dishoeck E. 2009. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 47:427
209. Hersant F, Gautier D, Huré J-M. 2001. Ap. J. 554:391
210. Hidaka H, Watanabe M, Kouchi A, Watanabe N. 2009. Ap. J. 702:291
211. Hily-Blant P, Walmsley M, Pineau Des Forêts G, Flower D. 2008. Astron. Astrophys. 480:L5
212. Hily-Blant P, Walmsley M, Pineau Des Forêts G, Flower D. 2010. Astron. Astrophys. 513:41
213. Hiraoka K, Takayama T, Euchi A, Handa H, Sato T. 2001. Ap. J. 532:1029
214. Hiraoka K, Wada A, Kitagawa H, Kamo M, Unagiike H, et al. 2005. Ap. J. 620:542
215. Hogerheijde M, Qi C, de Pater I, Blake GA, Friedel DN, et al. 2009. Astron. J. 137:4837
216. Hollis JM, Lovas FP, Jewell PR, Coudert LH. 2002. Ap. J. 571:L59
217. Horn A, Møllendal H, Sekiguchi O, Uggerud E, Roberts H, et al. 2004. Ap. J. 611:605
218. Horner J, Evans NW, Bailey ME, Asher DJ. 2003. MNRAS 343(4):1057
219. Horner J, Mousis O, Alibert Y, Lunine JI, Blanc M. 2008. Planet. Space Sci. 56:1585
220. Horner J, Mousis O, Hersant F. 2007. Earth Moon Planets 100:43
221. Huang H-C, Kuan YJ, Charnley SB, Hirano N, Takakuwa S, et al. 2005a. Adv. Space. Res. 36:146
222. Huang Y, Wang Y, Alexandre MR, Lee T, Rose-Petruck C, et al. 2005b. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 69:1073
223. Hudson RL, Moore MH. 2000. Icarus 145:661
224. Huebner WF. 1987. Science 237:628
225. Huebner WF, Boice DC, Korth A. 1989. Adv. Space Res. 9:29
226. Hutsemékers D, Manfroid J, Jehin E, Arpigny C, Cochran A, et al. 2005. Astron. Astrophys. 440:L21
227. Hutsemékers D, Manfroid J, Jehin E, Zucconi J-M, Arpigny C. 2008. Astron. Astrophys. 490:L31
228. Ikeda M, Hirota T, Yamamoto S. 2002. Ap. J. 575:250
229. Ioppolo S, Cuppen HM, Romanzin C, van Dishoeck EF, Linnartz H. 2008. Ap. J. 686:1474
230. Ioppolo S, Cuppen HM, van Dishoeck EF, Linnartz H. 2011. MNRAS 410:1089
231. Irvine WM, Bergin EA, Dickens JE, Jewitt D, Lovell AJ, et al. 1998. Nature 393:547
232. Irvine WM, Bockelée-Morvan D, Lis DC, Matthews HE, Biver N, et al. 1996. Nature 383:418
233. Irvine WM, Schloerb FP, Crovisier J, Fegley B Jr, Mumma MJ. 2000. In Protostars and Planets IV, ed. V Mannings, AP Boss, SS Russell, p. 1159. Tucson: Univ. Ariz. Press
234. Jackson WM. 1976. J. Photochem. 5:107
235. Jacq T, Walmsley CM, Henkel C, Baudry A, Mauersberger R, Jewell PR. 1990. Astron. Astrophys. 228:447
236. Jehin E, Manfroid J, Hutsemékers D, Arpigny C, Zucconi J-M. 2009. Earth Moon Planets 105:167
237. Jessberger EK, Cristoforidis A, Kissel J. 1988. Nature 332:691
238. Jewitt D, Matthews HE, Owen T, Meier R. 1997. Science 278:90
239. Jorgensen JK, van Dishoeck EF. 2010. Ap. J. 725:L172
240. Kaifu N, Morimoto M, Nagane K, Akabane K, Iguchi T, Takagi K. 1974. Ap. J. 191:L135
241. Karpas Z, Mautner M. 1989. J. Phys. Chem. 93:1859
242. Kawakita H, Dello Russo N, Furusho R, Fuse T, Watanabe J, et al. 2006. Ap. J. 643:1337
243. Kawakita H, Kobayashi H. 2009. Ap. J. 693:388
244. Kawakita H, Mumma MJ. 2011. Ap. J. 727:91
245. Kawakita H, Watanabe J-I. 2003. Ap. J. 582:534
246. Kawakita H, Watanabe J-I, Ando H, Aoki W, Fuse T, et al. 2001. Science 294:1089
247. Kawakita H, Watanabe J-I, Furusho R, Fuse T, Boice DC. 2005. Ap. J. 623:L49
248. Kawakita H, Watanabe J, Kinoshita D, Ishiguro M, Nakamura R. 2003. Ap. J. 590:573
249. Keane JV, Tielens AGGM, Boogert ACA, Schutte WA, Whittet DCB. 2001. Astron. Astrophys. 376:254
250. Keller LP, Bajt S, Baratta GA, Borg J, Bradley JP, et al. 2006. Science 314:1728
251. Keller LP, Messenger S, Flynn GJ, Clemett S, Wirick S, Jacobsen C. 2004. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 68:2577
252. Keller LP, Nakamura-Messenger K, Messenger S. 2009. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. Suppl. 44:A5371
253. Kelley MS, Wooden DH. 2009. Planet. Space Sci. 57:1133
254. Kelley MS, Woodward CE, Harker DE, Wooden DH, Gehrz RD, et al. 2006. Ap. J. 651:1256
255. Kemper F, Vriend WJ, Tielens AGGM. 2004. Ap. J. 609:826
256. Kemper F, Vriend WJ, Tielens AGGM. 2005. Ap. J. 633:534
257. Kisiel Z, Pszczólkowski L, Bailkowska-Jaworska E, Charnley SB, et al. 2009. In Bioastronomy 2007: Molecules, Microbes and Extraterrestrial Life, ed. KJ Meech, JV Keane, MJ Mumma, JL Siebert, DJ Wertheimer, ASP Conf. Ser., Vol. 420, p. 87
258. Kissel J, Brownlee DE, Buchler K, Clark BC, Fechtig H, et al. 1986a. Nature 321:336
259. Kissel J, Sagdeev RZ, Bertaux JL, Angarov VN, Audouze J, et al. 1986b. Nature 321:280
260. Klavetter JJ, A'Hearn MF. 1994. Icarus 107:322
261. Knez C, Boogert ACA, Pontoppidan KM, Kessler-Silacci J, van Dishoeck EF, et al. 2005. Ap. J. 635:L145
262. Kobayashi H, Kawakita H, Mumma MJ, Bonev BP, Watanabe J-I, Fuse T. 2007. Ap. J. 668:L75
263. Korth A, Marconi ML, Mendis DA, Krueger FR, Richter AK, et al. 1989. Nature 337:53
264. Krasnopolsky VA. 1991. Astron. Astrophys. 245:310
265. Kuan Y-J, Charnley SB, Huang H-C, Tseng W-L, Kisiel Z. 2003. Ap. J. 593:848
266. Kuan Y-J, Huang H-C, Charnley SB, Hirano N, Takakuwa S, et al. 2004. Ap. J. 616:L27
267. Laas JC, Garrod RT, Herbst E, Widicus-Weaver SL. 2011. Ap. J. 728:71
268. Langer WD, Gredel TE, Frerking MA, Armentrout PB. 1984. Ap. J. 277:581
269. Langland-Shula LE, Smith GH. 2011. Icarus 213:280
270. Lecacheux A, Biver N, Crovisier J, Bockelée-Morvan D, Baron P, et al. 2003. Astron. Astrophys. 402:L55
271. Lee J-E, Bergin EA, Lyons JR. 2008. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 43:1351
272. Leech K, Crovisier J, Bockelée-Morvan D, Brooke TY, Hanner MS, et al. 1997. Earth Moon Planets 78:81
273. Lellouch E, Bézard B, Fouchet T, Feuchtgruber H, Encrenaz T, deGraauw T. 2001. Astron. Astrophys. 670:610
274. Lellouch E, Hartogh P, Feuchtgruber H, Vandenbussche B, de Graauw T, et al. 2010. Astron. Astrophys. 518:L152
275. Levison HF. 1996. In Completing the Inventory of the Solar System, ed. T Rettig, JM Hahn, ASP Conf. Ser. 107, p. 173
276. Levison HF, Duncan MJ, Brasser R, Kaufmann DE. 2010. Science 329:187
277. Li A. 2009. Deep Impact as a World Observatory Event: Synergies in Space, Time, and Wavelength, ESO Astrophys. Symp, p. 161. Berlin: Springer
278. Lis D, Bockelée-Morvan D, Boissier J, Crovisier J, Biver N, Charnley SB. 2008. Ap. J. 675:931
279. Lis D, Phillips TG, Goldsmith PF, Neufeld DA, Herbst E, et al. 2010a. Astron. Astrophys. 521:L26
280. Lis DC, Wootten A, Gerin M, Roueff E. 2010b. Ap. J. 710:L49
281. Lisse CM. 2008. Icarus 195:941
282. Lisse CM, Kraemer KE, Nuth JA, Li A, Joswiak D. 2007. Icarus 187:69
283. Lisse CM, VanCleve J, Adams AC, A'Hearn MF, Fernández YR, et al. 2006. Science 313:635
284. Liu F-C, Parise B, Kristensen L, Visser R, van Dishoeck EF, Güsten R. 2011. Astron. Astrophys. 527:19
285. Lyons JR, Young ED. 2005. Nature 435:317
286. Magee-Sauer K, Mumma MJ, DiSanti MA, Dello Russo N, Gibb EL, Bonev BP. 2008. Icarus 194:347
287. Magee-Sauer K, Mumma MJ, DiSanti MA, Dello Russo N, Rettig TW. 1999. Icarus 142:498
288. Mahaffy PR, Donahue TM, Atreya SK, Owen TC, Niemann HB. 1998. Space Sci. Rev. 84:251
289. Manfroid J, Jehin E, Hutsemékers D, Cochran A, Zucconi J-M, et al. 2005. Astron. Astrophys. 432:L5
290. Manfroid J, Jehin E, Hutsemékers D, Cochran A, Zucconi J-M, et al. 2009. Astron. Astrophys. 503:613
291. Marconi ML, Korth A, Mendis DA, Lin RP, Mitchell DL. 1989. Ap. J. 343:L77
292. Matrajt G, Muñoz Caro GM, Dartois E, d'Hendecourt L, Deboffle D, Borg J. 2005. Astron. Astrophys. 433:979
293. Matthews CN, Ludicky R. 1992. Adv. Space Res. 12:21
294. McCarthy MC, Gottlieb CA, Gupta H, Thaddeus P. 2006. Ap. J. 652:L141
295. McKeegan KB, Aléon J, Bradley J, Brownlee D, Busemann H, et al. 2006. Science 314:1724
296. Meibom A, Krot AN, Robert F, Mostefaoui S, Russell SS, et al. 2007. Ap. J. 656:L33
297. Meech KJ, A'Hearn MF, Bacci P, Bai J, Barrera L, et al. 2011. Ap. J. 734:L1
298. Meier R, Owen TC, Jewitt DC, Matthews HE, Senay M, et al. 1998a. Science 279:1707
299. Meier R, Owen TC, Matthews HE, Jewitt DC, Bockelée-Morvan D, et al. 1998b. Science 279:842
300. Melnick G, Tolls V, Neufeld DA, Bergin EA, Phillips TG, et al. 2010. Astron. Astrophys. 521:L27
301. Menten KM, Walmsley CM, Henkel C, Wilson TL. 1988. Astron. Astrophys. 198:253
302. Messenger S. 2000. Nature 404:968
303. Milam SN, Remijan AJ, Womack M, Abrell L, Ziurys LM, et al. 2006. Ap. J. 649:1169
304. Millar TJ, Bennett A, Herbst E. 1989. Ap. J. 340:906
305. Millar TJ, Walsh C, Cordiner MA, Ńi Chuiḿin R, Herbst E. 2007. Ap. J. 662:L87
306. Millis RL, Schleicher DG. 1986. Nature 324:646
307. Minard RD, Hatcher PG, Gourley RC, Matthews CN. 1998. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 28:461
308. Mitchell DL, Lin RP, Carlson CW, Korth A, Reme H, Mendis DA. 1992. Icarus 98:125
309. Miyauchi N, Hidaka H, Chigai T, Nagaoka A, Watanabe N, Kouchi A. 2008. Chem. Phys. Lett. 456:27
310. Molster F, Kemper F. 2005. Space Sci. Rev. 119:3
311. Moore MH, Hudson RL. 1998. Icarus 135:518
312. Morbidelli A, Levison HF, Gomes R. 2008. The Solar System Beyond Neptune, ed. MA Barucci, H Boehnhardt, DP Cruikshank, A Morbidelli, p. 275. Tucson: Univ. Ariz. Press
313. Morbidelli A, Levison HF, Tsiganis K, Gomes R. 2005. Nature 435:462
314. Moreels G, Clairemidi J, Hermine P, Brechignac P, Rousselot P. 1994. Astron. Astrophys. 282:643
315. Mousis O, Gautier D, Bockelée-Morvan D, Robert F, Dubrulle B, Drouart A. 2000. Icarus 148:513
316. Mumma MJ, Blake GA, Bowers C, Dello Russo N, Deming D, DiSanti MA, et al. 2004. The Organics Origins Observatory. A Discovery Proposal submitted to NASA
317. Mumma MJ, Bonev BP, Villanueva GL, Paganini L, DiSanti MA, et al. 2011. Ap. J. 734:L7
318. Mumma MJ, Dello Russo N, DiSanti MA, Magee-Sauer K, Novak RE, et al. 2001. Science 292:1334
319. Mumma MJ, DiSanti MA, Dello Russo N, Magee-Sauer K, Gibb E, Novak R. 2003. Adv. Space Res. 31:2563
320. Mumma MJ, DiSanti MA, Magee-Sauer K, Bonev BP, Villanueva GL, et al. 2005. Science 310:270
321. Mumma MJ, Reuter DC. 1989. Ap. J. 344:940
322. Mumma MJ, Stone EJ, Zipf EC. 1975. J. Geophys. Res. 80:161
323. Mumma MJ, Weaver HA, Larson HP. 1987. Astron. Astrophys. 187:419
324. Mumma MJ, Weaver HA, Larson HP, Davis DS, Williams M. 1986. Science 232:1523
325. Mumma MJ, Weissman PR, Stern SA. 1993. In Protostars and Planets III, ed. EH Levy, JI Lunine, p. 1177. Tucson: Univ. Ariz. Press
326. Nagaoka A, Watanabe N, Kouchi A. 2005. Ap. J. 624:L29
327. Neufeld DA, Hollenbach DJ. 1994. Ap. J. 428:170
328. Neufeld DA, Stauffer JR, Bergin EA, Kleiner SC, Patten BM, et al. 2000. Ap. J. 539:L151
329. Newburn RL, Spinrad H. 1989. Astron. J. 97:552
330. Nguyen AN, Busemann H, Nittler LR. 2007. Lunar Planet. Sci. 38:2332
331. Oberg K, Bottinelli S, Jørgensen JK, van Dishoeck EF. 2010. Ap. J. 716:825
332. Oberg KI, Boogert ACA, Pontoppidan KM, Blake GA, Evans NJ, et al. 2008. Ap. J. 678:1032
333. Oberg K, Garrod RT, van Dishoeck EF, Linnartz H. 2009. Astron. Astrophys. 504:891
334. O'Brien DP, Morbidelli A, Bottke WF. 2006. Bull. Am. Astron. Soc. 38:507
335. Ohishi M, Irvine WM, Kaifu N. 1992. Astrochemistry of Cosmic Phenomena, ed. PD Singh, IAU Symp. 150, p. 171. Dordrecht: Kluwer Acad.
336. Ootsubo T, Usui F, Kawakita H, Ishiguro M, Furusho R, et al. 2010. Ap. J. 717:L66
337. Palumbo ME, Geballe TR, Tielens AGGM. 1997. Ap. J. 479:839
338. Pardanaud C, Crovisier J, Bocklée-Morvan D, Biver N. 2007. In Molecules in Space and Laboratory, ed. JL Lemaire, F Combes, p. 135. Publisher: S. Diana (Paris: Obs. Paris)
339. Parise B, Caux E, Castets A, Ceccarelli C, Loinard L, et al. 2005. Astron. Astrophys. 431:547
340. Pendleton YJ, Allamandola LJ. 2002. Ap. J Suppl. 138:75
341. Pizzarello S, Cooper GW, Flynn G. 2006. Meteorites and the Early Solar System II, ed. D Lauretta, H McSween, p. 625. Tucson: Univ. Ariz. Press
342. Pizzarello S, Holmes W. 2009. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 73:2150
343. Pontoppidan KM, Boogert ACA, Fraser HJ, van Dishoeck EF, Blake GA, et al. 2008. Ap. J. 678:1005
344. Pontoppidan KM, Fraser HJ, Dartois E, Thi W-F, van Dishoeck EF, et al. 2003. Astron. Astrophys. 408:981
345. Praderie F, Grewing M. 1987. Astron. Astrophys. 230:1
346. Prasad SS, Tarafdar SP. 1983. Ap. J. 267:603
347. Quack M. 1977. Mol. Phys. 34:477
348. Radeva YL, Mumma MJ, Bonev BP, DiSanti MA, Villanueva GL, et al. 2010. Icarus 206:764
349. Radeva YL, Mumma MJ, Villanueva GL, A'Hearn MF. 2011. Ap. J. 729:135
350. Rauer H, Helbert J, Arpigny C, Benkhoff J, Bockelée-Morvan D, et al. 2003. Astron. Astrophys. 397:1109
351. Reipurth B, Jewitt D, Keil K, eds. 2007. Protostars and Planets V. Tucson: Univ. Ariz. Press
352. Remijan AJ, Hollis JM, Lovas FJ, Cordiner MA, Millar TJ, et al. 2007. Ap. J. 664:L47
353. Rettig TW, Tegler SC, Pasto DJ, Mumma MJ. 1992. Ap. J. 398:293
354. Roberts H, Fuller GA, Millar TJ, Hatchell J, Buckle JV. 2002. Planet. Space Sci. 50:1173
355. Rodgers SD, Butner HM, Charnley SB, Ehrenfreund P. 2003. Adv. Space Res. 31:2577
356. Rodgers SD, Charnley SB. 1998. Ap. J. 501:L227
357. Rodgers SD, Charnley SB. 2001a. MNRAS 323:84
358. Rodgers SD, Charnley SB. 2001b. MNRAS 320:L61
359. Rodgers SD, Charnley SB. 2002. MNRAS 330:660
360. Rodgers SD, Charnley SB. 2008a. MNRAS 385:L48
361. Rodgers SD, Charnley SB. 2008b. Ap. J. 689:1448
362. Rodgers SD, Charnley SB, Huebner WF, Boice DC. 2004. See Festou, Keller & Weaver 2004, p. 505
363. Sakai T, Sakai N, Kamegai K, Hirota T, Yamaguchi N, et al. 2008. Ap. J. 678:1049
364. Sandford SA, Aléon J, Alexander CMO'D, Araki T, Bajt S, et al. 2006. Science 314:1720
365. Schleicher DG. 2007. IAU Circ. 8903:2
366. Schleicher DG, Bair AN. 2010. Bull. Am. Astron. Soc. 42:945
367. Schleicher DG, Farnham TL. 2004. See Festou, Keller & Weaver 2004, p. 449
368. Schloerb FP, Kinzel WM, Swade DA, Irvine WM. 1986. Ap. J. 310:L55
369. Schöier FL, Jørgensen JK, van Dishoeck EF, Blake GA. 2002. Astron. Astrophys. 390:1001
370. Schutte WA, Allamandola LJ, Sandford SA. 1993. Icarus 104:118
371. Semenov D. 2011. Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, ed. M Gargaud, R Amils, J. Cernicharo, HJ Cleaves, WM Irvine, D. Pinti, M. Viso Heidelberg:Springer-Verlag. 1851 pp.
372. Shinnaka Y, Kawakita H, Kobayashi H, Kanda Y. 2010. Publ. Astron. Soc. Jpn. 62:263
373. Shinnaka Y, Kawakita H, Kobayashi H, Jehin E, Manfroid J, et al. 2011. Ap. J. 729:81
374. Smith RG. 1991. MNRAS 249:172
375. Snell RL, Howe JE, Ashby MLN, Bergin EA, Chin G, et al. 2000. Ap. J. 539:L101
376. Snyder LE, Lovas FJ, Hollis JM, Friedel DN, Jewell PR, et al. 2005. Ap. J. 619:914
377. Swings P. 1948a. Ann. Astrophys. 11:124
378. Swings P. 1948b. Ciel Terre 64:16
379. Sykes MV, Grun E, Reach WT, Jenniskens P. 2004. See Festou, Keller & Weaver 2004, p. 677
380. Tennekes PP, Harju J, Juvela M, Tóth LV. 2006. Astron. Astrophys. 456:1037
381. Terzieva R, Herbst E. 2000. MNRAS 317:563
382. Thi W-F, Woitke P, Kamp I. 2010. MNRAS 407:232
383. Tielens AGGM. 2008. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 46:289
384. Tsiganis K, Gomes R, Morbidelli A, Levison HF. 2005. Nature 435:459
385. van Broekhuizen FA, Keane JV, Schutte WA. 2004. Astron. Astrophys. 415:425
386. van Dishoeck EF. 2004. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 42:119
387. van Dishoeck EF, Black JH. 1988. Ap. J. 334:771
388. van Hemert MC, van Dishoeck EF. 2008. Chem. Phys. 343:292
389. Vastel C, Ceccarelli C, Caux E, Coutens A, Cernicharo J, et al. 2010. Astron. Astrophys. 521:L31
390. Vasyunina T, Linz H, Henning Th, Zinchenko I, Beuther H, et al. 2011. Astron. Astrophys. 527:A88
391. Villanueva G, Bonev BP, Mumma MJ, Magee-Sauer K, DiSanti M, et al. 2006. Ap. J. 650:L87
392. Villanueva GL, Mumma MJ, Bonev BP, DiSanti MA, Gibb EL, et al. 2009. Ap. J. 690:L5
393. Villanueva GL, Mumma MJ, DiSanti MA, Bonev BP, Gibb EL, et al. 2011b. Icarus In Press
394. Villanueva GL, Mumma MJ, Magee-Sauer K. 2011a. J. Geophys. Res. In Press
395. Visser R, Dullemond CP. 2010. Astron. Astrophys. 519:A28
396. Visser R, van Dishoeck EF, Doty SD, Dullemond CP. 2009. Astron. Astrophys. 495:881
397. Wadhwa M, Amelin Y, Bizarro M, Kita N, Kleine T, et al. 2007. See Reipurth, Jewitt & Keil 2007, p. 835
398. Waite JH Jr, Lewis WS, Magee BA, Lunine JI, McKinnon WB, et al. 2009. Nature 460:487
399. Watanabe N, Kouchi A. 2008. Prog. Surf. Sci. 83:439
400. Watanabe N, Shiraki T, Kouchi A. 2003. Ap. J. 588:L121
401. Watson WD. 1976. Rev. Mod. Phys. 206:842
402. Weaver HA, A'Hearn MF, Arpigny C, Combi MR, Feldman PD, et al. 2008. Asteroids, Comets, Meteors 2008. LPI Contrib. 1405, Pap. 8216. Houston, TX: Lunar Planet. Inst.
403. Weaver HA, Feldman PD, A'Hearn MF, Dello Russo N, Stern SA. 2011. Ap. J. 734:L5
404. Weaver HA, Feldman PD, McPhate JB, A'Hearn MF, Arpigny C, Smith TE. 1994. Ap. J. 422:374
405. Weaver HA, Lisse CM, Mutchler MJ, Lamy P, Toth I, Reach W. 2006. Bull. Am. Astron. Soc. 38:490
406. Weaver HA, Mumma MJ, Larson HP, Davis DS. 1986. Nature 324:441
407. Westphal AJ, Fakra SC, Gainsforth Z, Marcus MA, Ogliore RC, Butterworth AL. 2009. Ap. J. 694:18
408. Whipple FL. 1950. Ap. J. 111:375
409. Whittet DCB, Shenoy SS, Bergin EA, Chiar JE, Gerakines PA, et al. 2007. Ap. J. 655:332
410. Willacy K. 2007. Ap. J. 660:441
411. Wirström ES. 2009. Astrochemistry at millimetre and submillimetre wavelengths. PhD thesis. Chalmers Univ. Technol., Gothenburg, Swed.
412. Wooden D, Desch S, Harker D, Gail H-P, Keller L. 2007. See Reipurth, Jewitt & Keil 2007, p. 815
413. Wooden DH. 2002. Earth Moon Planets 89:247
414. Wooden DH. 2008. Space Sci. Rev. 138:75
415. Wooden DH, Charnley SB, Ehrenfreund P. 2004. See Festou, Keller & Weaver 2004, p. 33
416. Woods P, Willacy K. 2009. Ap. J. 693:1360
417. Woodward CE, Kelley MS, Bockelée-Morvan D, Gehrz RD. 2007. Ap. J. 671:1065
418. Wyckoff S, Kleine M, Peterson B, Wehinger P, Ziurys LM. 2000. Ap. J. 535:991
419. Yurimoto H, Kuramoto K. 2004. Science 305:1763
420. Yurimoto H, Kuramoto K, Krot AN, Scott ERD, Cuzzi JN, et al. 2007. See Reipurth, Jewitt & Keil 2007, p. 849
421. Ziurys LM, Savage C, Brewster MA, Apponi AJ, Pesch TC, Wyckoff S. 1999. Ap. J. 527:L67
422. Zolensky M, Nakamura-Messenger K, Rietmeijer F, Leroux H, Mikouchi T. 2008. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 43:261.