메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 7, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 359-366

Antitoxin MqsA helps mediate the bacterial general stress response

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTITOXIN; CATALASE; ENDOPEPTIDASE LA; GUANOSINE PHOSPHATE; MQSA ANTITOXIN; MQSRA ANTITOXIN; REGULATOR PROTEIN; RNA POLYMERASE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 79956074557     PISSN: 15524450     EISSN: 15524469     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.560     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (195)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 17844370503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prokaryotic toxin-antitoxin stress response loci
    • DOI 10.1038/nrmicro1147
    • Gerdes, K., Christensen, S.K. & Løbner-Olesen, A. Prokaryotic toxin-antitoxin stress response loci. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 3, 371-382 (2005). (Pubitemid 40590380)
    • (2005) Nature Reviews Microbiology , vol.3 , Issue.5 , pp. 371-382
    • Gerdes, K.1    Christensen, S.K.2    Lobner-Olesen, A.3
  • 2
    • 34548496904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is the benefit to Escherichia coli of having multiple toxin-antitoxin systems in its genome?
    • DOI 10.1128/JB.00527-07
    • Tsilibaris, V., Maenhaut-Michel, G., Mine, N. & Van Melderen, L. What is the benefit to Escherichia coli of having multiple toxin-antitoxin systems in its genome? J. Bacteriol. 189, 6101-6108 (2007). (Pubitemid 47378616)
    • (2007) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.189 , Issue.17 , pp. 6101-6108
    • Tsilibaris, V.1    Maenhaut-Michel, G.2    Mine, N.3    Van Melderen, L.4
  • 3
    • 34548488930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypothetical functions of toxin-antitoxin systems
    • DOI 10.1128/JB.00958-07
    • Magnuson, R.D. Hypothetical functions of toxin-antitoxin systems. J. Bacteriol. 189, 6089-6092 (2007). (Pubitemid 47378614)
    • (2007) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.189 , Issue.17 , pp. 6089-6092
    • Magnuson, R.D.1
  • 4
    • 33747436591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persisters: A distinct physiological state of E. coli
    • Shah, D. et al. Persisters: A distinct physiological state of E. coli. BMC Microbiol. 6, 53 (2006).
    • (2006) BMC Microbiol. , vol.6 , pp. 53
    • Shah, D.1
  • 5
    • 0029972435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exclusion of T4 phage by the hok/sok killer locus from plasmid R1
    • Pecota, D.C. & Wood, T.K. Exclusion of T4 phage by the hok/sok killer locus from plasmid R1. J. Bacteriol. 178, 2044-2050 (1996). (Pubitemid 26110551)
    • (1996) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.178 , Issue.7 , pp. 2044-2050
    • Pecota, D.C.1    Wood, T.K.2
  • 6
    • 60849133892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxin-antitoxin systems in Escherichia coli influence biofilm formation through YjgK (TabA) and fimbriae
    • Kim, Y., Wang, X., Ma, Q., Zhang, X.-S. & Wood, T.K. Toxin-antitoxin systems in Escherichia coli influence biofilm formation through YjgK (TabA) and fimbriae. J. Bacteriol. 191, 1258-1267 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Bacteriol. , vol.191 , pp. 1258-1267
    • Kim, Y.1    Wang, X.2    Ma, Q.3    Zhang, X.-S.4    Wood, T.K.5
  • 7
    • 70350399514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MqsR, a crucial regulator for quorum sensing and biofilm formation, is a GCU-specific mRNA interferase in Escherichia coli
    • Yamaguchi, Y., Park, J.-H. & Inouye, M. MqsR, a crucial regulator for quorum sensing and biofilm formation, is a GCU-specific mRNA interferase in Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem. 284, 28746-28753 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.284 , pp. 28746-28753
    • Yamaguchi, Y.1    Park, J.-H.2    Inouye, M.3
  • 8
    • 74549170423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three dimensional structure of the MqsR:MqsA complex: A novel TA pair comprised of a toxin homologous to RelE and an antitoxin with unique properties
    • Brown, B.L. et al. Three dimensional structure of the MqsR:MqsA complex: A novel TA pair comprised of a toxin homologous to RelE and an antitoxin with unique properties. PLoS Pathog. 5, e1000706 (2009).
    • (2009) PLoS Pathog. , vol.5
    • Brown, B.L.1
  • 9
    • 0030008368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Escherichia coli chromosomal "addiction module" regulated by 3',5'-bispyrophosphate: A model for programmed bacterial cell death
    • Aizenman, E., Engelberg-Kulka, H. & Glaser, G. An Escherichia coli chromosomal "addiction module" regulated by 3',5'-bispyrophosphate: A model for programmed bacterial cell death. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 6059-6063 (1996).
    • (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.93 , pp. 6059-6063
    • Aizenman, E.1    Engelberg-Kulka, H.2    Glaser, G.3
  • 10
    • 0031816179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Escherichia coli relBE genes belong to a new toxin-antitoxin gene family
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00993.x
    • Gotfredsen, M. & Gerdes, K. The Escherichia coli relBE genes belong to a new toxin-antitoxin gene family. Mol. Microbiol. 29, 1065-1076 (1998). (Pubitemid 28389446)
    • (1998) Molecular Microbiology , vol.29 , Issue.4 , pp. 1065-1076
    • Gotfredsen, M.1    Gerdes, K.2
  • 11
    • 0027522090 scopus 로고
    • ChpA and chpB, Escherichia coli chromosomal homologs of the pem locus responsible for stable maintenance of plasmid R100
    • Masuda, Y., Miyakawa, K., Nishimura, Y. & Ohtsubo, E. chpA and chpB, Escherichia coli chromosomal homologs of the pem locus responsible for stable maintenance of plasmid R100. J. Bacteriol. 175, 6850-6856 (1993). (Pubitemid 23322434)
    • (1993) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.175 , Issue.21 , pp. 6850-6856
    • Masuda, Y.1    Miyakawa, K.2    Nishimura, Y.3    Ohtsubo, E.4
  • 12
    • 1542379603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The YefM antitoxin defines a family of natively unfolded proteins: Implications as a novel antibacterial target
    • DOI 10.1074/jbc.M308263200
    • Cherny, I. & Gazit, E. The YefM antitoxin defines a family of natively unfolded proteins: Implications as a novel antibacterial target. J. Biol. Chem. 279, 8252-8261 (2004). (Pubitemid 38294717)
    • (2004) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.279 , Issue.9 , pp. 8252-8261
    • Cherny, I.1    Gazit, E.2
  • 13
    • 33846706707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Escherichia coli dinJ-yafQ genes act as a toxin-antitoxin module
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00563.x
    • Motiejunaite, R., Armalyte, J., Markuckas, A. & Sužiedeliene, E. Escherichia coli dinJ-yafQ genes act as a toxin-antitoxin module. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 268, 112-119 (2007). (Pubitemid 46192843)
    • (2007) FEMS Microbiology Letters , vol.268 , Issue.1 , pp. 112-119
    • Motiejunaite, R.1    Armalyte, J.2    Markuckas, A.3    Suziedeliene, E.4
  • 15
    • 30744444010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoinducer 2 controls biofilm formation in Escherichia coli through a novel motility quorum-sensing regulator (MqsR, B3022)
    • González Barrios, A.F. et al. Autoinducer 2 controls biofilm formation in Escherichia coli through a novel motility quorum-sensing regulator (MqsR, B3022). J. Bacteriol. 188, 305-316 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Bacteriol. , vol.188 , pp. 305-316
    • González Barrios, A.F.1
  • 17
    • 72949116993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxins Hha and CspD and small RNA regulator Hfq are involved in persister cell formation through MqsR in Escherichia coli
    • Kim, Y. & Wood, T.K. Toxins Hha and CspD and small RNA regulator Hfq are involved in persister cell formation through MqsR in Escherichia coli. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 391, 209-213 (2010).
    • (2010) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.391 , pp. 209-213
    • Kim, Y.1    Wood, T.K.2
  • 18
    • 77953551929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Escherichia coli toxin/antitoxin pair MqsR/MqsA regulate toxin CspD
    • Kim, Y. et al. Escherichia coli toxin/antitoxin pair MqsR/MqsA regulate toxin CspD. Environ. Microbiol. 12, 1105-1121 (2010).
    • (2010) Environ. Microbiol. , vol.12 , pp. 1105-1121
    • Kim, Y.1
  • 19
    • 51149098349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inverse regulatory coordination of motility and curli-mediated adhesion in Escherichia coli
    • Pesavento, C. et al. Inverse regulatory coordination of motility and curli-mediated adhesion in Escherichia coli. Genes Dev. 22, 2434-2446 (2008).
    • (2008) Genes Dev. , vol.22 , pp. 2434-2446
    • Pesavento, C.1
  • 20
    • 55949120483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The two-component network and the general stress sigma factor RpoS (sS) in Escherichia coli
    • Springer, New York
    • Hengge, R. The two-component network and the general stress sigma factor RpoS (sS) in Escherichia coli. in Bacterial Signal Transduction: Networks and Drug Targets 40-53 (Springer, New York, 2008).
    • (2008) Bacterial Signal Transduction: Networks and Drug Targets , pp. 40-53
    • Hengge, R.1
  • 21
    • 77950928649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Second messenger-mediated adjustment of bacterial swimming velocity
    • Boehm, A. et al. Second messenger-mediated adjustment of bacterial swimming velocity. Cell 141, 107-116 (2010).
    • (2010) Cell , vol.141 , pp. 107-116
    • Boehm, A.1
  • 22
    • 63749115101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial nucleotide-based second messengers
    • Pesavento, C. & Hengge, R. Bacterial nucleotide-based second messengers. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 12, 170-176 (2009).
    • (2009) Curr. Opin. Microbiol. , vol.12 , pp. 170-176
    • Pesavento, C.1    Hengge, R.2
  • 24
  • 25
    • 6044228192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • S-dependent genes and identification of their promoter sequences
    • DOI 10.1128/JB.186.21.7186-7195.2004
    • Lacour, S. & Landini, P. sS-dependent gene expression at the onset of stationary phase in Escherichia coli: Function of sS-dependent genes and identification of their promoter sequences. J. Bacteriol. 186, 7186-7195 (2004). (Pubitemid 39383102)
    • (2004) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.186 , Issue.21 , pp. 7186-7195
    • Lacour, S.1    Landini, P.2
  • 26
    • 31544450286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Construction of Escherichia coli K-12 in-frame, single-gene knockout mutants: The Keio collection
    • Baba, T. et al. Construction of Escherichia coli K-12 in-frame, single-gene knockout mutants: The Keio collection. Mol. Syst. Biol. 2, 2006.0008 (2006).
    • (2006) Mol. Syst. Biol. , vol.2 , pp. 20060008
    • Baba, T.1
  • 27
    • 67349266189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-talk mechanisms in biofilm formation and responses to environmental and physiological stress in Escherichia coli
    • Landini, P. Cross-talk mechanisms in biofilm formation and responses to environmental and physiological stress in Escherichia coli. Res. Microbiol. 160, 259-266 (2009).
    • (2009) Res. Microbiol. , vol.160 , pp. 259-266
    • Landini, P.1
  • 28
    • 78751504273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure of the Escherichia coli antitoxin MqsA (YgiT/b3021) bound to its gene promoter reveals extensive domain rearrangements and the specificity of transcriptional regulation
    • Brown, B.L., Wood, T.K., Peti, W. & Page, R. Structure of the Escherichia coli antitoxin MqsA (YgiT/b3021) bound to its gene promoter reveals extensive domain rearrangements and the specificity of transcriptional regulation. J. Biol. Chem. 286, 2285-2296 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.286 , pp. 2285-2296
    • Brown, B.L.1    Wood, T.K.2    Peti, W.3    Page, R.4
  • 29
    • 0032914295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pKNOCK series of broad-host-range mobilizable suicide vectors for gene knockout and targeted DNA insertion into the chromosome of gram-negative bacteria
    • Alexeyev, M.F. The pKNOCK series of broad-host-range mobilizable suicide vectors for gene knockout and targeted DNA insertion into the chromosome of gram-negative bacteria. Biotechniques 26, 824-828 (1999).
    • (1999) Biotechniques , vol.26 , pp. 824-828
    • Alexeyev, M.F.1
  • 30
    • 70349684496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OmpA influences Escherichia coli biofilm formation by repressing cellulose production through the CpxAR two-component system
    • Ma, Q. & Wood, T.K. OmpA influences Escherichia coli biofilm formation by repressing cellulose production through the CpxAR two-component system. Environ. Microbiol. 11, 2735-2746 (2009).
    • (2009) Environ. Microbiol. , vol.11 , pp. 2735-2746
    • Ma, Q.1    Wood, T.K.2
  • 31
    • 77749292157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteolytic regulation of toxin-antitoxin systems by ClpPC in Staphylococcus aureus
    • Donegan, N.P., Thompson, E.T., Fu, Z. & Cheung, A.L. Proteolytic regulation of toxin-antitoxin systems by ClpPC in Staphylococcus aureus. J. Bacteriol. 192, 1416-1422 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Bacteriol. , vol.192 , pp. 1416-1422
    • Donegan, N.P.1    Thompson, E.T.2    Fu, Z.3    Cheung, A.L.4
  • 32
    • 0031459386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A small, stable RNA induced by oxidative stress: Role as a pleiotropic regulator and antimutator
    • DOI 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80312-8
    • Altuvia, S., Weinstein-Fischer, D., Zhang, A., Postow, L. & Storz, G. A small, stable RNA induced by oxidative stress: Role as a pleiotropic regulator and antimutator. Cell 90, 43-53 (1997). (Pubitemid 28009417)
    • (1997) Cell , vol.90 , Issue.1 , pp. 43-53
    • Altuvia, S.1    Weinstein-Fischer, D.2    Zhang, A.3    Postow, L.4    Storz, G.5
  • 33
    • 0028222452 scopus 로고
    • Lon-dependent proteolysis of CcdA is the key control for activation of CcdB in plasmid-free segregant bacteria
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00391.x
    • Van Melderen, L., Bernard, P. & Couturier, M. Lon-dependent proteolysis of CcdA is the key control for activation of CcdB in plasmid-free segregant bacteria. Mol. Microbiol. 11, 1151-1157 (1994). (Pubitemid 24201630)
    • (1994) Molecular Microbiology , vol.11 , Issue.6 , pp. 1151-1157
    • Van Melderen, L.1    Bernard, P.2    Couturier, M.3
  • 35
    • 77952567720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Escherichia coli mqsR and ygiT genes encode a new toxin-antitoxin pair
    • Kasari, V., Kurg, K., Margus, T., Tenson, T. & Kaldalu, N. The Escherichia coli mqsR and ygiT genes encode a new toxin-antitoxin pair. J. Bacteriol. 192, 2908-2919 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Bacteriol. , vol.192 , pp. 2908-2919
    • Kasari, V.1    Kurg, K.2    Margus, T.3    Tenson, T.4    Kaldalu, N.5
  • 36
    • 69449089476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A differential effect of E. coli toxin-antitoxin systems on cell death in liquid media and biofilm formation
    • Kolodkin-Gal, I., Verdiger, R., Shlosberg-Fedida, A. & Engelberg-Kulka, H. A differential effect of E. coli toxin-antitoxin systems on cell death in liquid media and biofilm formation. PLoS ONE 4, e6785 (2009).
    • (2009) PLoS ONE , vol.4
    • Kolodkin-Gal, I.1    Verdiger, R.2    Shlosberg-Fedida, A.3    Engelberg-Kulka, H.4
  • 37
    • 34247850885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • YcfR (BhsA) influences Escherichia coli biofilm formation through stress response and surface hydrophobicity
    • DOI 10.1128/JB.01832-06
    • Zhang, X.-S., García-Contreras, R. & Wood, T.K. YcfR (BhsA) influences Escherichia coli biofilm formation through stress response and surface hydrophobicity. J. Bacteriol. 189, 3051-3062 (2007). (Pubitemid 46697394)
    • (2007) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.189 , Issue.8 , pp. 3051-3062
    • Zhang, X.-S.1    Garcia-Contreras, R.2    Wood, T.K.3
  • 38
    • 41049094195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Significance of rpoS during maturation of Escherichia coli biofilms
    • DOI 10.1002/bit.21695
    • Ito, A., May, T., Kawata, K. & Okabe, S. Significance of rpoS during maturation of Escherichia coli biofilms. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 99, 1462-1471 (2008). (Pubitemid 351548686)
    • (2008) Biotechnology and Bioengineering , vol.99 , Issue.6 , pp. 1462-1471
    • Ito, A.1    May, T.2    Kawata, K.3    Okabe, S.4
  • 39
    • 33846104333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal gene-expression in Escherichia coli K-12 biofilms
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2006.01143.x
    • Domka, J., Lee, J., Bansal, T. & Wood, T.K. Temporal gene-expression in Escherichia coli K-12 biofilms. Environ. Microbiol. 9, 332-346 (2007). (Pubitemid 46072122)
    • (2007) Environmental Microbiology , vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp. 332-346
    • Domka, J.1    Lee, J.2    Bansal, T.3    Wood, T.K.4
  • 40
    • 67149107104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli in mature biofilms
    • Ito, A., Taniuchi, A., May, T., Kawata, K. & Okabe, S. Increased antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli in mature biofilms. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75, 4093-4100 (2009).
    • (2009) Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , vol.75 , pp. 4093-4100
    • Ito, A.1    Taniuchi, A.2    May, T.3    Kawata, K.4    Okabe, S.5
  • 41
    • 67650835651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localized expression profiles of rpoS in Escherichia coli biofilms
    • Ito, A., May, T., Taniuchi, A., Kawata, K. & Okabe, S. Localized expression profiles of rpoS in Escherichia coli biofilms. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 103, 975-983 (2009).
    • (2009) Biotechnol. Bioeng. , vol.103 , pp. 975-983
    • Ito, A.1    May, T.2    Taniuchi, A.3    Kawata, K.4    Okabe, S.5
  • 42
    • 0034932337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA microarray-mediated transcriptional profiling of the Escherichia coli response to hydrogen peroxide
    • DOI 10.1128/JB.183.15.4562-4570.2001
    • Zheng, M. et al. DNA microarray-mediated transcriptional profiling of the Escherichia coli response to hydrogen peroxide. J. Bacteriol. 183, 4562-4570 (2001). (Pubitemid 32646006)
    • (2001) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.183 , Issue.15 , pp. 4562-4570
    • Zheng, M.1    Wang, X.2    Templeton, L.J.3    Smulski, D.R.4    LaRossa, R.A.5    Storz, G.6
  • 43
    • 0032531904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The OxyS regulatory RNA represses rpoS translation and binds the Hfq (HF-I) protein
    • DOI 10.1093/emboj/17.20.6061
    • Zhang, A. et al. The OxyS regulatory RNA represses rpoS translation and binds the Hfq (HF-I) protein. EMBO J. 17, 6061-6068 (1998). (Pubitemid 28474799)
    • (1998) EMBO Journal , vol.17 , Issue.20 , pp. 6061-6068
    • Zhang, A.1    Altuvia, S.2    Tiwari, A.3    Argaman, L.4    Hengge-Aronis, R.5    Storz, G.6
  • 44
    • 0242692671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple sigma subunits and the partitioning of bacterial transcription space
    • DOI 10.1146/annurev.micro.57.030502.090913
    • Gruber, T.M. & Gross, C.A. Multiple sigma subunits and the partitioning of bacterial transcription space. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 57, 441-466 (2003). (Pubitemid 37392951)
    • (2003) Annual Review of Microbiology , vol.57 , pp. 441-466
    • Gruber, T.M.1    Gross, C.A.2
  • 45
    • 34249789279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous DNA breakage in single living Escherichia coli cells
    • DOI 10.1038/ng2051, PII NG2051
    • Pennington, J.M. & Rosenberg, S.M. Spontaneous DNA breakage in single living Escherichia coli cells. Nat. Genet. 39, 797-802 (2007). (Pubitemid 46848597)
    • (2007) Nature Genetics , vol.39 , Issue.6 , pp. 797-802
    • Pennington, J.M.1    Rosenberg, S.M.2
  • 46
    • 74249107300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SOS response induces persistence to fluoroquinolones in Escherichia coli
    • Dörr, T., Lewis, K. & Vulic, M. SOS response induces persistence to fluoroquinolones in Escherichia coli. PLoS Genet. 5, e1000760 (2009).
    • (2009) PLoS Genet. , vol.5
    • Dörr, T.1    Lewis, K.2    Vulic, M.3
  • 48
    • 67650863623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Connecting quorum sensing c-di-GMP Pel polysaccharide and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa through tyrosine phosphatase TpbA (PA3885)
    • Ueda, A. & Wood, T.K. Connecting quorum sensing, c-di-GMP, Pel polysaccharide, and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa through tyrosine phosphatase TpbA (PA3885). PLoS Pathog. 5, e1000483 (2009).
    • (2009) PLoS Pathog. , vol.5
    • Ueda, A.1    Wood, T.K.2
  • 49
    • 77954664004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assays of sensitivity of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to hydrogen peroxide and measurement of catalase activity
    • (Gillespie, S.H. & McHugh, T.D., eds), (Humana Press
    • Macvanin, M. & Hughes, D. Assays of sensitivity of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to hydrogen peroxide and measurement of catalase activity. in Antibiotic Resistance Protocols: Second Edition, Methods in Molecular Biology Vol. 642 (Gillespie, S.H. & McHugh, T.D., eds), 95-103 (Humana Press, 2010).
    • (2010) Antibiotic Resistance Protocols: Second Edition, Methods in Molecular Biology , vol.642 , pp. 95-103
    • Macvanin, M.1    Hughes, D.2
  • 50
    • 0034201441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EMBOSS: The European molecular biology open software suite (2000)
    • Rice, P., Longden, I. & Bleasby, A. EMBOSS: The European Molecular Biology Open Software Suite (2000). Trends Genet. 16, 276-277 (2000).
    • (2000) Trends Genet. , vol.16 , pp. 276-277
    • Rice, P.1    Longden, I.2    Bleasby, A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.