Measuring student motivation for physical education: Examining the psychometric properties of the Perceived Locus of Causality Questionnaire and the Situational Motivation Scale

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Volumn 12, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 284-292

  Lonsdale, Chris ^a   Sabiston, Catherine M ^b   Taylor, Ian M ^c   Ntoumanis, Nikos ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN SYDNEY   (Australia)

^b MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^c LOUGHBOROUGH UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Amotivation; External regulation; Extrinsic motivation; Identified regulation; Intrinsic motivation; Introjected regulation; Self determined motivation

Indexed keywords

EID: 79955021091     PISSN: 14690292     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2010.11.003     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Anderson J.C., Gerbing D.W. Structural equation modelling in practice: a review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin 1988, 102:411-423.
2. Assor A., Vansteenkiste M., Kaplan A. Identified versus introjected approach and introjected avoidance motivations in school and in sports: the limited benefits of self-worth strivings. Journal of Educational Psychology 2009, 101:482-497.
3. Byrne B.M. Structural equation modeling with LISREL, PRELIS, and SIMPLIS 1998, Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ.
4. Byrne B.M., Shavelson R.J., Muthen B. Testing for the equivalence of factor covariance and mean structures: the issue of partial measurement invariance. Psychological Bulletin 1989, 105:456-466.
5. Chatzisarantis N.L.D., Hagger M.S., Biddle S.J.H., Smith B., Wang J.C.K. A meta-analysis of perceived locus of causality in exercise, sport, and physical education contexts. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 2003, 25:284-306.
6. Cheung G.W., Rensvold R.B. Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling 2002, 9:233-255.
7. Chinese values and the search for culture-free dimensions of culture. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 1987, 18:143-164. Chinese Culture Connection.
8. Chirkov V.I. A cross-cultural analysis of autonomy in education: a self-determination theory perspective. Theory and Research in Education 2009, 7:253-262.
9. Chirkov V.I., Ryan R.M., Kim Y., Kaplan U. Differentiating autonomy from individualism and independence: a self-determination theory perspective on internalization of cultural orientations and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2003, 84:97-110.
10. Deci E.L., Ryan R.M. Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior 1985, Plenum Press, New York.
11. Deci E.L., Ryan R.M., Gagné M., Leone D.R., Usunov J., Kornazheva B.P. Need satisfaction, motivation, and well-being in the work organizations of a former eastern bloc country: a cross-cultural study of self-determination. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 2001, 27:930-942.
12. Eccles J.S., Harold R.D. Gender differences in sport involvement: applying the Eccles' expectancy-value model. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology 1991, 3:7-35.
13. Ellis B.B., Kimmel H.D. Identification of unique cultural response patterns by means of item-response theory. Journal of Applied Psychology 1992, 77:177-184.
14. Gordon-Larsen P., McMurray R.G., Popkin B.M. Determinants of adolescent physical activity and inactivity patterns. Pediatrics 2000, 105:63-70.
15. Goudas M., Biddle S., Fox K. Perceived locus of causality, goal orientations, and perceived competence in school physical education classes. British Journal of Educational Psychology 1994, 64:453-463.
16. Guay F., Vallerand R.J., Blanchard C. On the assessment of situational intrinsic and extrinsic motivation: the situational motivation scale (SIMS). Motivation and Emotion 2000, 24(3):175-213.
17. Hagger M.S., Chatzisarantis N., Barkoukis V., Wang C.K.J., Baranowski J. Perceived autonomy support in physical education and leisure-time physical activity: a cross-cultural evaluation of the trans-contextual model. Journal of Educational Psychology 2005, 97(3):376-390.
18. Hagger M.S., Chatzisarantis N.L.D., Culverhouse T., Biddle S.J.H. The processes by which perceived autonomy support in physical education promotes leisure-time physical activity intentions and behavior: a trans-contextual model. Journal of Educational Psychology 2003, 95(4):784-795.
19. Hambleton R.K., Swaminathan H., Rogers H.J. Fundamentals of item response theory 1991, Sage Publications, Newbury Park, CA.
20. Hofstede G. Cultures consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations 2001, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA. 2nd ed.
21. Hoyle R.H., Smith G.T. Formulating clinical research hypotheses as structural equation models: a conceptual overview. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1994, 62:429-440.
22. Hu L.-t., Bentler P.M. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling 1999, 6(1):1-55.
23. Iyengar S.S., Lepper M.R. Rethinking the value of choice: a cultural perspective on intrinsic motivation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1999, 76(3):349-366.
24. Jöreskog K.G., Sorbom D. LISREL 8.71 [Computer software] 2004, Scientific Software International, Inc, Lincolnwood, IL.
25. Lonsdale C., Sabiston C.M., Raedeke T.D., Ha S.C.A., Sum K.W.R. Self-determined motivation and students' physical activity in PE classes and free-choice periods. Preventive Medicine 2009, 48:69-73.
26. McCrae R.R., Yik M.S., Trapnell P.D., Bond M.H., Paulhus D.L. Interpreting personality profiles across cultures: bilingual, acculturation, and peer rating studies of Chinese undergraduates. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1998, 74(4):1041-1055.
27. Markland D., Tobin V. A modification to the behavioural regulation in exercise questionnaire to include an assessment of amotivation. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 2004, 26:191-196.
28. Markus H.R., Kitayama S. Culture and the self: implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review 1991, 98(2):224-253.
29. Marsh H.W. Foreword. Advances in sport and exercise psychology measurement 1998, xv-xix. Fitness Information Technology, Morgantown, WV. J.L. Duda (Ed.).
30. Messick S. Validity of psychological assessment: validation of inferences from persons' responses and performances as scientific inquiry into score meaning. American Psychologist 1995, 50(9):741-749.
31. Nagasaku M., Arai K. Autonomous motivation to enter high school and school adjustment: a short-term longitudinal study. Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology 2005, 53:516-528.
32. Ntoumanis N. A self-determination approach to the understanding of motivation in physical education. British Journal of Educational Psychology 2001, 71(2):225-242.
33. Ntoumanis N. A prospective study of participation in optional school physical education using a self-determination theory framework. Journal of Educational Psychology 2005, 97(3):444-453.
34. Ntoumanis N., Standage M. Motivation in physical education classes: a self-determination theory perspective. Journal of Research and Theory in Education 2009, 7:194-202.
35. Prusak K.A., Treasure D.C., Darst P.W., Pangrazi R.P. The effects of choice on the motivation of adolescent girls in physical education. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 2004, 23:19-29.
36. Ryan R.M., Deci E.L. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist 2000, 55:68-78.
37. Raykov T. Estimation of composite reliability for congeneric measures. Applied Psychological Measurement 1997, 21(2):173.
38. Riordan C.M., Vandenberg R.J. A central question in cross-cultural research: do employees of different cultures interpret work-related measures in an equivalent manner. Journal of Management 1994, 20:643-671.
39. Ryan R.M., Connell J.P. Perceived locus of causality and internalization: examining reasons for acting in two domains. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1989, 57(5):749-761.
40. Ryan R.M., Deci E.L. Overview of self-determination theory: an organismic dialectical perspective. Handbook of self-determination research 2002, 3-33. The University of Rochester Press, Rochester, NY. E.L. Deci, R.M. Ryan (Eds.).
41. Sabiston C.M., Crocker P.R.E. Exploring a model of self-perceptions and social influences in the prediction of adolescent leisure-time physical activity. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 2008, 30:3-22.
42. Satorra A., Bentler P.M. Corrections to test statistic and standard errors in covariance structure analysis. Latent variables analysis: Applications for developmental research 1994, 399-419. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA. A. von Eye, C.C. Clogg (Eds.).
43. Sheldon K.M., Elliot A.J., Ryan R.M., Chirkov V., Kim Y., Wu C., et al. Self-concordance and subjective well-being in four cultures. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 2004, 35(2):209-223.
44. Standage M., Duda J.L., Ntoumanis N. A model of contextual motivation in physical education: using constructs from self-determination and achievement goal theories to predict physical activity intentions. Journal of Educational Psychology 2003, 95:97-110.
45. Standage M., Duda J.L., Ntoumanis N. A test of self-determination theory in school physical education. British Journal of Educational Psychology 2005, 75(3):411-433.
46. Standage M., Treasure D.C., Duda J.L., Prusak K.A. Validity, reliability, and invariance of the Situational Motivation Scale (SIMS) across diverse physical activity contexts. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 2003, 25(1):19-43.
47. Taylor I.M., Ntoumanis N. Teacher motivational strategies and student self-determination in physical education. Journal of Educational Psychology 2007, 99:747-760.
48. Vallerand R.J. A hierarchical model of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in sport and exercise. Advances in motivation in sport and exercise 2001, Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL. G.C. Roberts (Ed.).
49. Vallerand R.J., Pelletier L.G., Blais M.R., Briere N.M., Senecal C., Vallieres E.F. The academic motivation scale: a measure of intrinsic, extrinsic, and amotivation in education. Educational & Psychological Measurement 1992, 52:1003-1017.
50. Vansteenkiste M., Zhou M., Lens W., Soenens B. Experiences of autonomy and control among Chinese learners: vitalizing or immobilizing?. Journal of Educational Psychology 2005, 97:468-483.
51. Wang C.K.J., Liu W.C. Promoting enjoyment in girls' physical education: the impact of goals, beliefs, and self-determination. European Physical Education Review 2007, 13:145-164.
52. van Widenfelt B.M., Treffers P.D.A., de Beurs E., Siebelink B.M., Koudijs E. Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of assessment instruments used in psychological research with children and families. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review 2005, 8(2):135-147.