메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 86, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 341-366

Female competition and its evolutionary consequences in mammals

Author keywords

Cooperation; Female competition; Infanticide; Reproductive suppression; Sex dependent selection; Sexual conflict; Sexual selection; Sexual signalling; Sperm limitation; Spite

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; COMPETITIVE BEHAVIOR; EVOLUTION; FEMALE; GENETICS; MALE; MAMMAL; PHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR;

EID: 79954567935     PISSN: 14647931     EISSN: 1469185X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-185X.2010.00149.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (322)

References (312)
  • 1
    • 0022392965 scopus 로고
    • Psychosocial influences on ovarian endocrine and ovulatory function in Macaca fascicularis.
    • Adams, M. R., Kaplan, J. R. & Koritnik, D. R. (1985). Psychosocial influences on ovarian endocrine and ovulatory function in Macaca fascicularis. Physiology and Behavior 35, 935-940.
    • (1985) Physiology and Behavior , vol.35 , pp. 935-940
    • Adams, M.R.1    Kaplan, J.R.2    Koritnik, D.R.3
  • 2
    • 0032457335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Counter-strategies to infanticide in mammals: costs and consequences.
    • Agrell, J., Wolff, J. & Ylonen, H. (1998). Counter-strategies to infanticide in mammals: costs and consequences. Oikos 83, 507-517.
    • (1998) Oikos , vol.83 , pp. 507-517
    • Agrell, J.1    Wolff, J.2    Ylonen, H.3
  • 3
    • 0034930702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using potential reproductive rates to predict mating competition among individuals qualified to mate.
    • Ahnesjö, I., Kvarnemo, C. & Merilaita, S. (2001). Using potential reproductive rates to predict mating competition among individuals qualified to mate. Behavioral Ecology 12, 397-401.
    • (2001) Behavioral Ecology , vol.12 , pp. 397-401
    • Ahnesjö, I.1    Kvarnemo, C.2    Merilaita, S.3
  • 4
    • 0038414727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability in reproductive success viewed from a life history perspective in baboons.
    • Altmann, J. & Alberts, S. C. (2003). Variability in reproductive success viewed from a life history perspective in baboons. American Journal of Human Biology 15, 401-409.
    • (2003) American Journal of Human Biology , vol.15 , pp. 401-409
    • Altmann, J.1    Alberts, S.C.2
  • 5
    • 15244342526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth rates in a wild primate population: ecological influences and maternal effects.
    • Altmann, J. & Alberts, S. C. (2005). Growth rates in a wild primate population: ecological influences and maternal effects. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 57, 490-501.
    • (2005) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.57 , pp. 490-501
    • Altmann, J.1    Alberts, S.C.2
  • 6
    • 0034177699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why are female birds ornamented?
    • Amundsen, T. (2000). Why are female birds ornamented? Trends in Ecology & Evolution 15, 149-155.
    • (2000) Trends in Ecology & Evolution , vol.15 , pp. 149-155
    • Amundsen, T.1
  • 7
    • 0004134698 scopus 로고
    • Princeton University Press, Princeton.
    • Andersson, M. (1994). Sexual Selection. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
    • (1994) Sexual Selection.
    • Andersson, M.1
  • 8
    • 29444442622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dominance rank relationships among wild female African elephants, Loxodonta africana.
    • Archie, E. A., Morrison, T. A., Foley, C. A. H., Moss, C. J. & Alberts, S. C. (2006). Dominance rank relationships among wild female African elephants, Loxodonta africana. Animal Behaviour 71, 117-127.
    • (2006) Animal Behaviour , vol.71 , pp. 117-127
    • Archie, E.A.1    Morrison, T.A.2    Foley, C.A.H.3    Moss, C.J.4    Alberts, S.C.5
  • 9
  • 10
    • 0001560417 scopus 로고
    • Infanticide in the Columbian ground squirrel, Spermophilus columbianus.
    • Balfour, D. (1983). Infanticide in the Columbian ground squirrel, Spermophilus columbianus. Animal Behaviour 31, 949-950.
    • (1983) Animal Behaviour , vol.31 , pp. 949-950
    • Balfour, D.1
  • 11
    • 0030596410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sperm competition games: External fertilisation and 'adaptive' infertility.
    • Ball, M. A. & Parker, G. A. (1996). Sperm competition games: External fertilisation and 'adaptive' infertility. Journal of Theoretical Biology 180, 141-150
    • (1996) Journal of Theoretical Biology , vol.180 , pp. 141-150
    • Ball, M.A.1    Parker, G.A.2
  • 12
    • 0027468135 scopus 로고
    • Sensory cues and the suppression of reproduction in subordinate female marmoset monkeys, Callithrix jacchus.
    • Barrett, J., Abbott, D. H. & George, L. M. (1993). Sensory cues and the suppression of reproduction in subordinate female marmoset monkeys, Callithrix jacchus. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 97, 301-310.
    • (1993) Journal of Reproduction and Fertility , vol.97 , pp. 301-310
    • Barrett, J.1    Abbott, D.H.2    George, L.M.3
  • 13
    • 0022841513 scopus 로고
    • Social rank, dominance, antler size and access to food on snow-bound wild woodland caribou.
    • Barrette, C. & Vandal, D. (1986). Social rank, dominance, antler size and access to food on snow-bound wild woodland caribou. Behaviour 97, 118-146.
    • (1986) Behaviour , vol.97 , pp. 118-146
    • Barrette, C.1    Vandal, D.2
  • 14
    • 0027802748 scopus 로고
    • Sociospatial mechanisms of feeding competition in female olive baboons, Papio anubis.
    • Barton, R. A. (1993). Sociospatial mechanisms of feeding competition in female olive baboons, Papio anubis. Animal Behaviour 46, 791-802.
    • (1993) Animal Behaviour , vol.46 , pp. 791-802
    • Barton, R.A.1
  • 15
    • 0027881310 scopus 로고
    • Feeding competition among female olive baboons, Papio anubis.
    • Barton, R. A. & Whiten, A. (1993). Feeding competition among female olive baboons, Papio anubis. Animal Behaviour 46, 777-789.
    • (1993) Animal Behaviour , vol.46 , pp. 777-789
    • Barton, R.A.1    Whiten, A.2
  • 16
    • 0000623089 scopus 로고
    • Intra-sexual selection in Drosophila.
    • Bateman, A. J. (1948). Intra-sexual selection in Drosophila. Heredity2, 349-368.
    • (1948) Heredity , vol.2 , pp. 349-368
    • Bateman, A.J.1
  • 17
    • 33749993537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female aggression in red deer: Does it indicate competition for mates?
    • Bebie, N. & McElligott, A. G. (2006). Female aggression in red deer: Does it indicate competition for mates? Mammalian Biology 71, 347-355.
    • (2006) Mammalian Biology , vol.71 , pp. 347-355
    • Bebie, N.1    McElligott, A.G.2
  • 19
    • 0027704497 scopus 로고
    • Dominance rank, resource availability and reproductive maturation in female savanna baboons.
    • Bercovitch, F. B. & Strum, S. C. (1993). Dominance rank, resource availability and reproductive maturation in female savanna baboons. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 33, 313-318.
    • (1993) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.33 , pp. 313-318
    • Bercovitch, F.B.1    Strum, S.C.2
  • 20
    • 67650435803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental and genetic causes of maturational differences among rhesus macaque matrilines.
    • Blomquist, G. E. (2009). Environmental and genetic causes of maturational differences among rhesus macaque matrilines. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 63, 1345-1352.
    • (2009) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.63 , pp. 1345-1352
    • Blomquist, G.E.1
  • 21
    • 0021067044 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of breeding density in Microtus pennsylvanicus.
    • Boonstra, R. & Rodd, F. H. (1983). Regulation of breeding density in Microtus pennsylvanicus. Journal of Animal Ecology 52, 757-780.
    • (1983) Journal of Animal Ecology , vol.52 , pp. 757-780
    • Boonstra, R.1    Rodd, F.H.2
  • 23
    • 0001643214 scopus 로고
    • Influence of body weight and presence of horns on social rank in domestic cattle.
    • Bouissou, M. F. (1972). Influence of body weight and presence of horns on social rank in domestic cattle. Animal Behaviour 20, 474-477.
    • (1972) Animal Behaviour , vol.20 , pp. 474-477
    • Bouissou, M.F.1
  • 24
    • 0018072955 scopus 로고
    • Suppression of oestrogen-induced LH surges by social subordination in talapoin monkeys.
    • Bowman, L. A., Dilley, S. R. & Keverne, E. B. (1978). Suppression of oestrogen-induced LH surges by social subordination in talapoin monkeys. Nature 275, 56-58.
    • (1978) Nature , vol.275 , pp. 56-58
    • Bowman, L.A.1    Dilley, S.R.2    Keverne, E.B.3
  • 25
    • 0000281441 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of leks.
    • In: (Alexander, R. D. & Tinkle, D. W., eds) - Chiron, New York.
    • Bradbury, J. W. (1981). The evolution of leks. In: Natural Selection and Social Behaviour. (Alexander, R. D. & Tinkle, D. W., eds), pp. 138-169. Chiron, New York.
    • (1981) Natural Selection and Social Behaviour. , pp. 138-169
    • Bradbury, J.W.1
  • 26
    • 0001020539 scopus 로고
    • Infanticide in yellow-bellied marmots.
    • Brody, A. K. & Melcher, J. (1985). Infanticide in yellow-bellied marmots. Animal Behaviour 33, 673-674.
    • (1985) Animal Behaviour , vol.33 , pp. 673-674
    • Brody, A.K.1    Melcher, J.2
  • 27
    • 0037047036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overt female mate competition and preference for central males in a lekking antelope.
    • USA
    • Bro-Jèrgensen, J. (2002). Overt female mate competition and preference for central males in a lekking antelope. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 99, 9290-9293.
    • (2002) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , vol.99 , pp. 9290-9293
    • Bro-Jèrgensen, J.1
  • 28
    • 36849020155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversed sexual conflict in a promiscuous antelope.
    • Bro-Jèrgensen, J. (2007a). Reversed sexual conflict in a promiscuous antelope. Current Biology 17, 2157-2161.
    • (2007) Current Biology , vol.17 , pp. 2157-2161
    • Bro-Jèrgensen, J.1
  • 29
    • 34249783436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The intensity of sexual selection predicts weapon size in male bovids.
    • Bro-Jèrgensen, J. (2007b). The intensity of sexual selection predicts weapon size in male bovids. Evolution 61, 1316-1326.
    • (2007) Evolution , vol.61 , pp. 1316-1326
    • Bro-Jèrgensen, J.1
  • 32
    • 0033058055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staying alive: Evolution, culture, and women's intrasexual aggression.
    • Campbell, A. (1999). Staying alive: Evolution, culture, and women's intrasexual aggression. Behavorial and Brain Sciences 22, 203-252.
    • (1999) Behavorial and Brain Sciences , vol.22 , pp. 203-252
    • Campbell, A.1
  • 34
    • 4444268856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female competition: causes, constraints, content and contexts.
    • Campbell, A. (2004). Female competition: causes, constraints, content and contexts. Journal of Sex Research 41, 6-26.
    • (2004) Journal of Sex Research , vol.41 , pp. 6-26
    • Campbell, A.1
  • 36
    • 44449101542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive conflict and the separation of reproductive generations in humans.
    • Cant, M. A. & Johnstone, R. A. (2008). Reproductive conflict and the separation of reproductive generations in humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 105, 5332-5336.
    • (2008) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA , vol.105 , pp. 5332-5336
    • Cant, M.A.1    Johnstone, R.A.2
  • 37
    • 0029662717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual selection for male body mass and the evolution of litter size in mammals.
    • Carranza, J. (1996). Sexual selection for male body mass and the evolution of litter size in mammals. The American Naturalist 148, 81-100.
    • (1996) The American Naturalist , vol.148 , pp. 81-100
    • Carranza, J.1
  • 38
    • 59849087623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining sexual selection as sex-dependent selection.
    • Carranza, J. (2009). Defining sexual selection as sex-dependent selection. Animal Behaviour 77, 749-751.
    • (2009) Animal Behaviour , vol.77 , pp. 749-751
    • Carranza, J.1
  • 39
    • 9144226016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disposable-soma senescence mediated by sexual selection in an ungulate.
    • Carranza, J., Alarcos, S., Sanchez-Prieto, C. B., Valencia, J. & Mateos, C. (2004). Disposable-soma senescence mediated by sexual selection in an ungulate. Nature 432, 215-218.
    • (2004) Nature , vol.432 , pp. 215-218
    • Carranza, J.1    Alarcos, S.2    Sanchez-Prieto, C.B.3    Valencia, J.4    Mateos, C.5
  • 40
    • 34548175447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual selection and senescence: male size dimorphic ungulates evolved relatively smaller molars than females.
    • Carranza, J. & Pérez-Barbería, F. J. (2007). Sexual selection and senescence: male size dimorphic ungulates evolved relatively smaller molars than females. The American Naturalist 170, 370-380.
    • (2007) The American Naturalist , vol.170 , pp. 370-380
    • Carranza, J.1    Pérez-Barbería, F.J.2
  • 42
    • 0029750434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female reproductive success in captive Ammotragus lervia (Bovidae, Artiodactyla). Study of its components and effects of hierarchy and inbreeding.
    • Cassinello, J. & Alados, C. L. (1996). Female reproductive success in captive Ammotragus lervia (Bovidae, Artiodactyla). Study of its components and effects of hierarchy and inbreeding. Journal of Zoology 239, 141-153.
    • (1996) Journal of Zoology , vol.239 , pp. 141-153
    • Cassinello, J.1    Alados, C.L.2
  • 44
    • 35248845607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female red deer prefer the roars of larger males.
    • Charlton, B. D., Reby, D. & McComb, K. (2007). Female red deer prefer the roars of larger males. Biology Letters 3, 382-385.
    • (2007) Biology Letters , vol.3 , pp. 382-385
    • Charlton, B.D.1    Reby, D.2    McComb, K.3
  • 46
    • 33644937898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can non-directional male mating preferences facilitate honest female ornamentation?
    • Chenoweth, S. F., Doughty, P. & Kokko, H. (2006). Can non-directional male mating preferences facilitate honest female ornamentation? Ecology Letters 9, 179-184.
    • (2006) Ecology Letters , vol.9 , pp. 179-184
    • Chenoweth, S.F.1    Doughty, P.2    Kokko, H.3
  • 48
    • 33747880270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is sexual selection?
    • In: (Kappeler, P. & van Schaik, C., eds) - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • Clutton-Brock, T. H. (2004). What is sexual selection? In: Sexual Selection in Primates: New and Comparative Perspectives. (Kappeler, P. & van Schaik, C., eds), pp. 24-36. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (2004) Sexual Selection in Primates: New and Comparative Perspectives. , pp. 24-36
    • Clutton-Brock, T.H.1
  • 49
    • 37549018567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual selection in males and females.
    • Clutton-Brock, T. H. (2007). Sexual selection in males and females. Science 318, 1882-1885.
    • (2007) Science , vol.318 , pp. 1882-1885
    • Clutton-Brock, T.H.1
  • 50
    • 57449111254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual selection in females.
    • Clutton-Brock, T. H. (2009). Sexual selection in females. Animal Behaviour 77, 3-11.
    • (2009) Animal Behaviour , vol.77 , pp. 3-11
    • Clutton-Brock, T.H.1
  • 51
    • 0020384907 scopus 로고
    • Competition between female relatives in a matrilocal mammal.
    • Clutton-Brock, T. H., Albon, S. D. & Guinness, F. E. (1982). Competition between female relatives in a matrilocal mammal. Nature 300, 178-180.
    • (1982) Nature , vol.300 , pp. 178-180
    • Clutton-Brock, T.H.1    Albon, S.D.2    Guinness, F.E.3
  • 52
    • 3543085186 scopus 로고
    • Great expectations: dominance, breeding success and offspring sex ratio in red deer.
    • Clutton-Brock, T. H., Albon, S. D. & Guinness, F. E. (1986). Great expectations: dominance, breeding success and offspring sex ratio in red deer. Animal Behaviour 27, 211-225.
    • (1986) Animal Behaviour , vol.27 , pp. 211-225
    • Clutton-Brock, T.H.1    Albon, S.D.2    Guinness, F.E.3
  • 57
    • 0027026947 scopus 로고
    • Potential reproductive rates and the operation of sexual selection.
    • Clutton-Brock, T. H. & Parker, G. A. (1992). Potential reproductive rates and the operation of sexual selection. Quarterly Review of Biology 67, 437-456.
    • (1992) Quarterly Review of Biology , vol.67 , pp. 437-456
    • Clutton-Brock, T.H.1    Parker, G.A.2
  • 58
    • 0025921898 scopus 로고
    • Sexual selection and the potential reproductive rates of males and females.
    • Clutton-Brock, T. H. & Vincent, A. C. J. (1991). Sexual selection and the potential reproductive rates of males and females. Nature 351, 58-60.
    • (1991) Nature , vol.351 , pp. 58-60
    • Clutton-Brock, T.H.1    Vincent, A.C.J.2
  • 59
    • 34249952228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental evidence that female ornamentation increases the acquisition of sperm and signals fecundity.
    • Cornwallis, C. K. & Birkhead, T. R. (2007). Experimental evidence that female ornamentation increases the acquisition of sperm and signals fecundity. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 274, 583-590.
    • (2007) Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences , vol.274 , pp. 583-590
    • Cornwallis, C.K.1    Birkhead, T.R.2
  • 60
    • 0034551342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dominance hierarchies in female mountain goats: stability, aggressiveness and determinants of rank.
    • Côté, S. D. (2000). Dominance hierarchies in female mountain goats: stability, aggressiveness and determinants of rank. Behaviour 137, 1541-1566.
    • (2000) Behaviour , vol.137 , pp. 1541-1566
    • Côté, S.D.1
  • 61
    • 0034898822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive success in female mountain goats: the influence of age and social rank.
    • Côté, S. D. & Festa-Bianchet, M. (2001). Reproductive success in female mountain goats: the influence of age and social rank. Animal Behaviour 62, 173-181.
    • (2001) Animal Behaviour , vol.62 , pp. 173-181
    • Côté, S.D.1    Festa-Bianchet, M.2
  • 62
    • 0026480379 scopus 로고
    • Behavioural and endocrine mechanisms of reproductive suppression in Serengeti dwarf mongooses.
    • Creel, S., Creel, N., Wildt, D. E. & Monfort, S. L. (1992). Behavioural and endocrine mechanisms of reproductive suppression in Serengeti dwarf mongooses. Animal Behaviour 43, 231-245.
    • (1992) Animal Behaviour , vol.43 , pp. 231-245
    • Creel, S.1    Creel, N.2    Wildt, D.E.3    Monfort, S.L.4
  • 63
    • 0002950080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in reproductive suppression among dwarf mongooses: interplay between mechanisms and evolution.
    • In: (Solomon, N. G. & French, J. A., eds), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • Creel, S. R. & Waser, P. M. (1997). Variation in reproductive suppression among dwarf mongooses: interplay between mechanisms and evolution. In: Cooperative Breeding in Mammals (Solomon, N. G. & French, J. A., eds), pp 150-170. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (1997) Cooperative Breeding in Mammals , pp. 150-170
    • Creel, S.R.1    Waser, P.M.2
  • 66
    • 3142638550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female sexual swelling size, timing of ovulation, and male behavior in wild West African chimpanzees.
    • Deschner, T., Heistermann, M., Hodges, K. & Boesch, C. (2004). Female sexual swelling size, timing of ovulation, and male behavior in wild West African chimpanzees. Hormones and Behavior 46, 204-215.
    • (2004) Hormones and Behavior , vol.46 , pp. 204-215
    • Deschner, T.1    Heistermann, M.2    Hodges, K.3    Boesch, C.4
  • 67
    • 0020402389 scopus 로고
    • Ejaculate cost and mate choice.
    • Dewsbury, D. A. (1982). Ejaculate cost and mate choice. The American Naturalist. 119, 601-610.
    • (1982) The American Naturalist , vol.119 , pp. 601-610
    • Dewsbury, D.A.1
  • 68
    • 30744478656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Darwin-Bateman paradigm in historical context.
    • Dewsbury, D. A. (2005). The Darwin-Bateman paradigm in historical context. Integrative and Comparative Biology 45, 831-837.
    • (2005) Integrative and Comparative Biology , vol.45 , pp. 831-837
    • Dewsbury, D.A.1
  • 69
    • 0028981042 scopus 로고
    • Infant care, infanticide, and female reproductive strategies in polygynous groups of common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus).
    • Digby, L. J. (1995). Infant care, infanticide, and female reproductive strategies in polygynous groups of common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 37, 51-61.
    • (1995) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.37 , pp. 51-61
    • Digby, L.J.1
  • 70
    • 0000309143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting aggression in blue-eyed black lemurs (Eulemur macaco flavifrons).
    • Digby, L. J. (1999). Targeting aggression in blue-eyed black lemurs (Eulemur macaco flavifrons). Primates 40, 613-617.
    • (1999) Primates , vol.40 , pp. 613-617
    • Digby, L.J.1
  • 71
    • 0011070349 scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in fitness following a group take-over among Toque macaques: testing models of social evolution.
    • Dittus, W. P. J. (1986). Sex differences in fitness following a group take-over among Toque macaques: testing models of social evolution. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 19, 257-266.
    • (1986) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.19 , pp. 257-266
    • Dittus, W.P.J.1
  • 72
    • 0002499447 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the evolution and behavioral significance of sexual skin in female primates.
    • Dixson, A. F. (1983). Observations on the evolution and behavioral significance of sexual skin in female primates. Advances in the Study of Behavior 13, 63-106.
    • (1983) Advances in the Study of Behavior , vol.13 , pp. 63-106
    • Dixson, A.F.1
  • 74
    • 33646365389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rank-related maternal effects of androgens on behaviour in wild spotted hyenas.
    • Dloniak, S. M., French, J. A. & Holekamp, K. E. (2006). Rank-related maternal effects of androgens on behaviour in wild spotted hyenas. Nature 440, 1190-1193.
    • (2006) Nature , vol.440 , pp. 1190-1193
    • Dloniak, S.M.1    French, J.A.2    Holekamp, K.E.3
  • 75
    • 0035826262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual swellings advertise female quality in baboons.
    • Domb, L. G. & Pagel, M. (2001). Sexual swellings advertise female quality in baboons. Nature 410, 204-206.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.410 , pp. 204-206
    • Domb, L.G.1    Pagel, M.2
  • 76
    • 30744461575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bateman revisited: The reproductive tactics of female primates.
    • Drea, C. M. (2005). Bateman revisited: The reproductive tactics of female primates. Integrative and Comparative Biology 45, 915-923.
    • (2005) Integrative and Comparative Biology , vol.45 , pp. 915-923
    • Drea, C.M.1
  • 78
    • 33847678597 scopus 로고
    • Determinants and evolutionary consequences of dominance among female gelada baboons.
    • Dunbar, R. I. M. (1980). Determinants and evolutionary consequences of dominance among female gelada baboons. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 7, 253-265.
    • (1980) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.7 , pp. 253-265
    • Dunbar, R.I.M.1
  • 79
    • 0032221027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The social brain hypothesis.
    • Dunbar, R. I. M. (1998). The social brain hypothesis. Evolutionary Anthropology 6, 178-190.
    • (1998) Evolutionary Anthropology , vol.6 , pp. 178-190
    • Dunbar, R.I.M.1
  • 80
    • 0017600137 scopus 로고
    • Dominance and reproductive success among female gelada baboons.
    • Dunbar, R. I. M. & Dunbar, E. P. (1977). Dominance and reproductive success among female gelada baboons. Nature 266, 351-352.
    • (1977) Nature , vol.266 , pp. 351-352
    • Dunbar, R.I.M.1    Dunbar, E.P.2
  • 81
    • 0000254195 scopus 로고
    • Female competition for access to males affects birth rate in baboons.
    • Dunbar, R. I. M. & Sharman, M. (1983). Female competition for access to males affects birth rate in baboons. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology13, 157-159.
    • (1983) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.13 , pp. 157-159
    • Dunbar, R.I.M.1    Sharman, M.2
  • 84
    • 0031670058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategies and counterstrategies to infanticide in mammals.
    • Ebensperger, L. A. (1998). Strategies and counterstrategies to infanticide in mammals. Biological Reviews 73, 321-346.
    • (1998) Biological Reviews , vol.73 , pp. 321-346
    • Ebensperger, L.A.1
  • 85
    • 0008302701 scopus 로고
    • Correlates and consequences of social status in female bighorn sheep.
    • Eccles, T. R. & Shackleton, D. M. (1986). Correlates and consequences of social status in female bighorn sheep. Animal Behaviour 34, 1392-1401.
    • (1986) Animal Behaviour , vol.34 , pp. 1392-1401
    • Eccles, T.R.1    Shackleton, D.M.2
  • 86
    • 0029477753 scopus 로고
    • Dominance and reproductive success among non-human animals: a cross-species comparison.
    • Ellis, L. (1995). Dominance and reproductive success among non-human animals: a cross-species comparison. Ethology and Sociobiology 16, 257-333.
    • (1995) Ethology and Sociobiology , vol.16 , pp. 257-333
    • Ellis, L.1
  • 87
    • 0141453081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Size of sexual swellings reflects ovarian function in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).
    • Emery, M. A. & Whitten, P. L. (2003). Size of sexual swellings reflects ovarian function in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 54, 340-351.
    • (2003) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.54 , pp. 340-351
    • Emery, M.A.1    Whitten, P.L.2
  • 88
    • 33847648520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Core area quality is associated with variance in reproductive success among female chimpanzees at Kibale National Park.
    • Emery Thompson, M., Kahlenberg, S. M., Gilby, I. C. & Wrangham, R. W. (2007). Core area quality is associated with variance in reproductive success among female chimpanzees at Kibale National Park. Animal Behaviour 73, 501-512.
    • (2007) Animal Behaviour , vol.73 , pp. 501-512
    • Emery Thompson, M.1    Kahlenberg, S.M.2    Gilby, I.C.3    Wrangham, R.W.4
  • 90
    • 0017407477 scopus 로고
    • Ecology, sexual selection, and the evolution of mating systems.
    • Emlen, S. T. & Oring, L. W. (1977). Ecology, sexual selection, and the evolution of mating systems. Science 197, 215-223.
    • (1977) Science , vol.197 , pp. 215-223
    • Emlen, S.T.1    Oring, L.W.2
  • 91
  • 93
    • 0021271262 scopus 로고
    • Social influences on oestrogen excretion and ovarian cyclicity in saddle back tamarins (Saguinus fuscicollis).
    • Epple, G. & Katz, Y. (1984). Social influences on oestrogen excretion and ovarian cyclicity in saddle back tamarins (Saguinus fuscicollis). American Journal of Primatology 6, 215-227.
    • (1984) American Journal of Primatology , vol.6 , pp. 215-227
    • Epple, G.1    Katz, Y.2
  • 94
    • 54449092762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rates of agonism by diurnal lemuroids: implications for female social relationships.
    • Erhart, E. M. & Overdorff, D. J. (2008). Rates of agonism by diurnal lemuroids: implications for female social relationships. International Journal of Primatology 29, 1227-1247.
    • (2008) International Journal of Primatology , vol.29 , pp. 1227-1247
    • Erhart, E.M.1    Overdorff, D.J.2
  • 95
    • 0001580572 scopus 로고
    • Studies in dominance-subordination relationship in a group of semi-domestic reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L).
    • Espmark, Y. (1964). Studies in dominance-subordination relationship in a group of semi-domestic reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L). Animal Behaviour 12, 420-426.
    • (1964) Animal Behaviour , vol.12 , pp. 420-426
    • Espmark, Y.1
  • 96
    • 44349131465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Horns honestly advertise parasite infection in male and female African buffalo.
    • Ezenwa, V. O. & Jolles, A. E. (2008). Horns honestly advertise parasite infection in male and female African buffalo. Animal Behaviour 75, 2013-2021.
    • (2008) Animal Behaviour , vol.75 , pp. 2013-2021
    • Ezenwa, V.O.1    Jolles, A.E.2
  • 97
    • 0002699152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The physiology of a reproductive dictatorship: regulation of male and female reproduction by a single female in colonies of naked mole rats.
    • In: (Solomon, N. G. & French, J. A., eds.) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • Faulkes, C. G. & Abbott, D. H. (1997). The physiology of a reproductive dictatorship: regulation of male and female reproduction by a single female in colonies of naked mole rats. In: Cooperative Breeding in Mammals (Solomon, N. G. & French, J. A., eds.) pp. 302-333. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (1997) Cooperative Breeding in Mammals , pp. 302-333
    • Faulkes, C.G.1    Abbott, D.H.2
  • 98
    • 0035313863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Family values: group dynamics and social control of reproduction in African mole-rats.
    • Faulkes, C. G. & Bennett, N. C. (2001). Family values: group dynamics and social control of reproduction in African mole-rats. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 16, 184-190.
    • (2001) Trends in Ecology & Evolution , vol.16 , pp. 184-190
    • Faulkes, C.G.1    Bennett, N.C.2
  • 99
  • 101
    • 0000700137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Movement of meadow voles in response to food and density manipulations: a test of the food defense and pup-defense hypothesis.
    • Fortier, G. M. & Tamarin, R. H. (1998). Movement of meadow voles in response to food and density manipulations: a test of the food defense and pup-defense hypothesis. Journal of Mammalogy 79, 337-345.
    • (1998) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.79 , pp. 337-345
    • Fortier, G.M.1    Tamarin, R.H.2
  • 102
    • 85005717772 scopus 로고
    • Social organisation of African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) on the Serengeti plains, Tanzania.
    • Frame, L. H., Malcolm, J. R., Frame, G. W. & van Lawick, H. (1979). Social organisation of African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) on the Serengeti plains, Tanzania. Zeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie 50, 225-249.
    • (1979) Zeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie , vol.50 , pp. 225-249
    • Frame, L.H.1    Malcolm, J.R.2    Frame, G.W.3    van Lawick, H.4
  • 103
    • 58149371266 scopus 로고
    • Social organization of the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta). II. Dominance and reproduction.
    • Frank, L.G. (1986). Social organization of the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta). II. Dominance and reproduction. Animal Behaviour 35, 1510-1527.
    • (1986) Animal Behaviour , vol.35 , pp. 1510-1527
    • Frank, L.G.1
  • 104
    • 0024567657 scopus 로고
    • Female-female aggression and male indifference in response to unfamiliar intruders in lion tamarins.
    • French, J. A. & Inglett, B. J. (1989). Female-female aggression and male indifference in response to unfamiliar intruders in lion tamarins. Animal Behaviour 37, 487-497.
    • (1989) Animal Behaviour , vol.37 , pp. 487-497
    • French, J.A.1    Inglett, B.J.2
  • 106
    • 33751526478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of sexual selection: sexual swellings and estrogen concentrations as fertility indicators and cues for male consort decisions in wild baboons.
    • Gesquiere, L. R., Wango, E. O., Alberts, S. C. & Altmann, J. (2007). Mechanisms of sexual selection: sexual swellings and estrogen concentrations as fertility indicators and cues for male consort decisions in wild baboons. Hormones and Behavior 51, 114-125.
    • (2007) Hormones and Behavior , vol.51 , pp. 114-125
    • Gesquiere, L.R.1    Wango, E.O.2    Alberts, S.C.3    Altmann, J.4
  • 107
    • 33745596814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female eviction, abortion, and infanticide in banded mongooses (Mungos mungo): implications for social control of reproduction and synchronized parturition.
    • Gilchrist, J. S. (2006). Female eviction, abortion, and infanticide in banded mongooses (Mungos mungo): implications for social control of reproduction and synchronized parturition. Behavioral Ecology 17, 664-669.
    • (2006) Behavioral Ecology , vol.17 , pp. 664-669
    • Gilchrist, J.S.1
  • 108
    • 77957213908 scopus 로고
    • Energy allocation in mammalian reproduction.
    • Gittleman, J. L. & Thompson, S. D. (1988). Energy allocation in mammalian reproduction. American Zoologist 28, 863-875.
    • (1988) American Zoologist , vol.28 , pp. 863-875
    • Gittleman, J.L.1    Thompson, S.D.2
  • 109
    • 0001682887 scopus 로고
    • Behavioural dominance and reproductive success in female Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata).
    • Gouzoules, H., Gouzoules, S. & Fedigan, L. (1982). Behavioural dominance and reproductive success in female Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata). Animal Behaviour 30, 1138-1150.
    • (1982) Animal Behaviour , vol.30 , pp. 1138-1150
    • Gouzoules, H.1    Gouzoules, S.2    Fedigan, L.3
  • 110
    • 0002876232 scopus 로고
    • On the uses of data on lifetime reproductive success.
    • In: (Clutton-Brock, T. H., ed) - The University of Chicago Press, London.
    • Grafen, A. (1988). On the uses of data on lifetime reproductive success. In: Reproductive Success. Studies of Individual Variation in Contrasting Breeding Systems. (Clutton-Brock, T. H., ed), pp. 454-471. The University of Chicago Press, London.
    • (1988) Reproductive Success. Studies of Individual Variation in Contrasting Breeding Systems. , pp. 454-471
    • Grafen, A.1
  • 111
    • 0036351454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of resource distribution on activity and territory defence in house mice Mus domesticus.
    • Gray, S. J., Jensen, S. P. & Hurst, J. L. (2002). Effects of resource distribution on activity and territory defence in house mice Mus domesticus. Animal Behaviour63, 531-539.
    • (2002) Animal Behaviour , vol.63 , pp. 531-539
    • Gray, S.J.1    Jensen, S.P.2    Hurst, J.L.3
  • 113
    • 17144436925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive suppression in female Alpine marmots, Marmota marmota.
    • Hackländer, K., Möstl, E. & Arnold, W. (2003). Reproductive suppression in female Alpine marmots, Marmota marmota. Animal Behaviour 65, 1133-1140.
    • (2003) Animal Behaviour , vol.65 , pp. 1133-1140
    • Hackländer, K.1    Möstl, E.2    Arnold, W.3
  • 114
    • 2442547433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infanticide and control of reproduction in cooperative and communal breeders.
    • Hager, R. & Johnstone, R. A. (2004). Infanticide and control of reproduction in cooperative and communal breeders. Animal Behaviour 67, 941-949.
    • (2004) Animal Behaviour , vol.67 , pp. 941-949
    • Hager, R.1    Johnstone, R.A.2
  • 115
    • 0013770258 scopus 로고
    • The genetical evolution of social behaviour, 1 and 2.
    • Hamilton, W. D. (1964). The genetical evolution of social behaviour, 1 and 2. Journal of Theoretical Biology 7, 1-52.
    • (1964) Journal of Theoretical Biology , vol.7 , pp. 1-52
    • Hamilton, W.D.1
  • 116
    • 0014955324 scopus 로고
    • Selfish and spiteful behaviour in an evolutionary model.
    • Hamilton, W. D. (1970). Selfish and spiteful behaviour in an evolutionary model. Nature 228, 1218-1220.
    • (1970) Nature , vol.228 , pp. 1218-1220
    • Hamilton, W.D.1
  • 117
    • 0001608888 scopus 로고
    • Dominance and fertility among female primates.
    • Harcourt, A. H. (1987). Dominance and fertility among female primates. Journal of Zoology, London 213, 471-487.
    • (1987) Journal of Zoology, London , vol.213 , pp. 471-487
    • Harcourt, A.H.1
  • 119
    • 0026062849 scopus 로고
    • Intraspecific killing of preweaned young in the Columbian ground squirrel, Spermophilus columbianus.
    • Hare, J. F. (1991). Intraspecific killing of preweaned young in the Columbian ground squirrel, Spermophilus columbianus. Canadian Journal of Zoology 69, 797-800.
    • (1991) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.69 , pp. 797-800
    • Hare, J.F.1
  • 120
    • 79952310591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mate selection by females: sampling tactics and mate choice by female fallow deer (Dama dama L.)
    • PhD thesis.
    • Harty, H. (2002). Mate selection by females: sampling tactics and mate choice by female fallow deer (Dama dama L.) National University of Ireland: PhD thesis.
    • (2002) National University of Ireland
    • Harty, H.1
  • 121
    • 30744469340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bateman's principle in cooperatively breeding vertebrates: The effects of non-breeding alloparents on variability in female and male reproductive success.
    • Hauber, M. E. & Lacey, E. A. (2005). Bateman's principle in cooperatively breeding vertebrates: The effects of non-breeding alloparents on variability in female and male reproductive success. Integrative and Comparative Biology 45, 903-914.
    • (2005) Integrative and Comparative Biology , vol.45 , pp. 903-914
    • Hauber, M.E.1    Lacey, E.A.2
  • 123
    • 22744440789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extreme reversed sexual dichromatism in a bird without sex role reversal.
    • Heinsohn, R., Legge, S. & Endler, J.A. (2005). Extreme reversed sexual dichromatism in a bird without sex role reversal. Science 309, 617-619.
    • (2005) Science , vol.309 , pp. 617-619
    • Heinsohn, R.1    Legge, S.2    Endler, J.A.3
  • 127
    • 0037496262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral processes and costs of co-existence in female spotted hyenas: a life history perspective.
    • Hofer, H. & East, M. L. (2003). Behavioral processes and costs of co-existence in female spotted hyenas: a life history perspective. Evolutionary Ecology 17, 315-331.
    • (2003) Evolutionary Ecology , vol.17 , pp. 315-331
    • Hofer, H.1    East, M.L.2
  • 128
    • 0942302236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra- and inter-sexual aggression by bonobos in the context of mating.
    • Hohmann, G. & Fruth, B. (2003). Intra- and inter-sexual aggression by bonobos in the context of mating. Behaviour 140, 1389-1413.
    • (2003) Behaviour , vol.140 , pp. 1389-1413
    • Hohmann, G.1    Fruth, B.2
  • 132
    • 0022345372 scopus 로고
    • Infanticide in prairie dogs: lactating females kill offspring of close kin.
    • Hoogland, J. L. (1985). Infanticide in prairie dogs: lactating females kill offspring of close kin. Science 230, 1037-1040.
    • (1985) Science , vol.230 , pp. 1037-1040
    • Hoogland, J.L.1
  • 133
    • 0012366543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benefits of polyandry: a life history perspective.
    • Hosken, D. J. & Stockley, P. (2003). Benefits of polyandry: a life history perspective. Evolutionary Biology 33, 173-194.
    • (2003) Evolutionary Biology , vol.33 , pp. 173-194
    • Hosken, D.J.1    Stockley, P.2
  • 134
    • 0003114949 scopus 로고
    • Infanticide among animals: a review, classification, and examination of the implications for the reproductive strategies of females.
    • Hrdy, S. B. (1979). Infanticide among animals: a review, classification, and examination of the implications for the reproductive strategies of females. Ethology and Sociobiology 1, 13-40.
    • (1979) Ethology and Sociobiology , vol.1 , pp. 13-40
    • Hrdy, S.B.1
  • 135
    • 0002525735 scopus 로고
    • Patterning of sexual activity.
    • In: (Smuts, B. B., Cheney, D. L., Seyfarth, R. M., Wrangham, R. W. & Struhsaker, T. T., eds) - The University of Chicago Press Ltd, London.
    • Hrdy, S. B. & Whiten, P. L. (1987). Patterning of sexual activity. In: Primate Societies. (Smuts, B. B., Cheney, D. L., Seyfarth, R. M., Wrangham, R. W. & Struhsaker, T. T., eds), pp. 370-384. The University of Chicago Press Ltd, London.
    • (1987) Primate Societies. , pp. 370-384
    • Hrdy, S.B.1    Whiten, P.L.2
  • 136
    • 0002878588 scopus 로고
    • Behavioural biology and the double standard.
    • In: (Wasser, S. K., ed) - Academic Press, New York.
    • Hrdy, S. B. & Williams, G. C. (1983). Behavioural biology and the double standard. In: Social Behaviour of Female Vertebrates. (Wasser, S. K., ed), pp. 3-17. Academic Press, New York.
    • (1983) Social Behaviour of Female Vertebrates. , pp. 3-17
    • Hrdy, S.B.1    Williams, G.C.2
  • 139
    • 0024232743 scopus 로고
    • Social dominance and reproductive success in pregnant and lactating golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) under seminatural conditions.
    • Huck, U. W., Lisk, R. D. & McKay, M. V. (1988a). Social dominance and reproductive success in pregnant and lactating golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) under seminatural conditions. Physiology and Behavior 44, 313-319.
    • (1988) Physiology and Behavior , vol.44 , pp. 313-319
    • Huck, U.W.1    Lisk, R.D.2    McKay, M.V.3
  • 140
    • 0024237518 scopus 로고
    • Progesterone levels and socially-induced implantation failure and fetal resorption in golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus).
    • Huck, U. W., Lisk, R. D., Miller, K. S. & Bethel A. (1988b). Progesterone levels and socially-induced implantation failure and fetal resorption in golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). Physiology and Behavior 44, 321-326.
    • (1988) Physiology and Behavior , vol.44 , pp. 321-326
    • Huck, U.W.1    Lisk, R.D.2    Miller, K.S.3    Bethel, A.4
  • 142
    • 0001279620 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral variation in wild house mice Mus domesticus Rutty-a quantitative assessment of female social organisation.
    • Hurst, J. L. (1987). Behavioral variation in wild house mice Mus domesticus Rutty-a quantitative assessment of female social organisation. Animal Behaviour 35, 1846-1857.
    • (1987) Animal Behaviour , vol.35 , pp. 1846-1857
    • Hurst, J.L.1
  • 143
    • 0025639375 scopus 로고
    • Urine marking in populations of wild house mice, Mus domesticus Rutty. II. Communication between females.
    • Hurst, J. L. (1990). Urine marking in populations of wild house mice, Mus domesticus Rutty. II. Communication between females. Animal Behaviour 40, 223-232.
    • (1990) Animal Behaviour , vol.40 , pp. 223-232
    • Hurst, J.L.1
  • 144
    • 33644632818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Troop fission in wild ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) at Berenty, Madagascar.
    • Ichino, S. (2006). Troop fission in wild ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) at Berenty, Madagascar. American Journal of Primatology 68, 97-102.
    • (2006) American Journal of Primatology , vol.68 , pp. 97-102
    • Ichino, S.1
  • 145
    • 0023468376 scopus 로고
    • Responses in spatial organization and behaviour to manipulation of the food resource in the vole Clethrionomys rufocanus.
    • Ims, R. A. (1987). Responses in spatial organization and behaviour to manipulation of the food resource in the vole Clethrionomys rufocanus. Journal of Animal Ecology 56, 585-596.
    • (1987) Journal of Animal Ecology , vol.56 , pp. 585-596
    • Ims, R.A.1
  • 146
    • 0026278780 scopus 로고
    • Contest and scramble competition: patterns of female aggression and ranging behaviour among primates.
    • Isbell, L. A. (1991). Contest and scramble competition: patterns of female aggression and ranging behaviour among primates. Behavioral Ecology 2, 143-155.
    • (1991) Behavioral Ecology , vol.2 , pp. 143-155
    • Isbell, L.A.1
  • 147
    • 0019488142 scopus 로고
    • Eusociality in a mammal: Cooperative breeding in naked mole-rat colonies.
    • Jarvis, J. U. M. (1981). Eusociality in a mammal: Cooperative breeding in naked mole-rat colonies. Science 212, 571-573.
    • (1981) Science , vol.212 , pp. 571-573
    • Jarvis, J.U.M.1
  • 148
    • 2442597967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple ornaments correlate with aspects of condition and behaviour in female northern cardinals, Cardinalis cardinalis.
    • Jawor, J. M., Gray, N., Beall, S. M. & Breitwisch, R. (2004). Multiple ornaments correlate with aspects of condition and behaviour in female northern cardinals, Cardinalis cardinalis. Animal Behaviour 67, 875-882.
    • (2004) Animal Behaviour , vol.67 , pp. 875-882
    • Jawor, J.M.1    Gray, N.2    Beall, S.M.3    Breitwisch, R.4
  • 149
    • 0034009385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why do females mate multiply? A review of the genetic benefits.
    • Jennions, M. D. & Petrie, M. (2000). Why do females mate multiply? A review of the genetic benefits. Biological Reviews 75, 21-64.
    • (2000) Biological Reviews , vol.75 , pp. 21-64
    • Jennions, M.D.1    Petrie, M.2
  • 150
    • 48849091983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual odors and social communication: individual recognition, kin recognition, and scent over-marking.
    • Johnston, R. E. (2008). Individual odors and social communication: individual recognition, kin recognition, and scent over-marking. Advances in the Study of Behavior 38, 439-505.
    • (2008) Advances in the Study of Behavior , vol.38 , pp. 439-505
    • Johnston, R.E.1
  • 152
    • 51349095901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female competition over core areas in Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii, Kibale National Park, Uganda.
    • Kahlenberg, S. M., Emery Thompson, M. & Wrangham, R. W. (2008). Female competition over core areas in Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii, Kibale National Park, Uganda. International Journal of Primatology 29, 931-947.
    • (2008) International Journal of Primatology , vol.29 , pp. 931-947
    • Kahlenberg, S.M.1    Emery Thompson, M.2    Wrangham, R.W.3
  • 153
    • 0021064449 scopus 로고
    • On the definitions and functions of dominance and territoriality.
    • Kaufmann, J. H. (1983). On the definitions and functions of dominance and territoriality. Biological Reviews 58, 1-20.
    • (1983) Biological Reviews , vol.58 , pp. 1-20
    • Kaufmann, J.H.1
  • 154
    • 4143112654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infant handling and mortality in yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus): evidence for female reproductive competition?
    • Kleindorfer, S. & Wasser, S. K. (2004). Infant handling and mortality in yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus): evidence for female reproductive competition? Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 56, 328-337.
    • (2004) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.56 , pp. 328-337
    • Kleindorfer, S.1    Wasser, S.K.2
  • 156
    • 0035095365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting the direction of sexual selection.
    • Kokko, H. & Monaghan, P. (2001). Predicting the direction of sexual selection. Ecology Letters 4, 159-165.
    • (2001) Ecology Letters , vol.4 , pp. 159-165
    • Kokko, H.1    Monaghan, P.2
  • 157
    • 33644852954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated testosterone levels and social ranks in female rock hyrax.
    • Koren, L., Mokady, O. & Geffen, E. (2006). Elevated testosterone levels and social ranks in female rock hyrax. Hormones and Behavior 49, 470-477.
    • (2006) Hormones and Behavior , vol.49 , pp. 470-477
    • Koren, L.1    Mokady, O.2    Geffen, E.3
  • 158
    • 0030619965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Territorial behaviour and reproductive success of bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus females.
    • Koskela, E., Mappes, T. & Ylönen, H. (1997). Territorial behaviour and reproductive success of bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus females. Journal of Animal Ecology 66, 341-349.
    • (1997) Journal of Animal Ecology , vol.66 , pp. 341-349
    • Koskela, E.1    Mappes, T.2    Ylönen, H.3
  • 159
    • 0027101138 scopus 로고
    • Infanticide in wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).
    • Kunkele, J. (1992). Infanticide in wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Journal of Mammalogy 73, 317-320.
    • (1992) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.73 , pp. 317-320
    • Kunkele, J.1
  • 160
    • 0002709556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cooperative breeding in naked mole rats: implications for vertebrate and invertebrate sociality.
    • In: (Solomon, N. G. & French, J. A., eds) - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • Lacey, E. A. & Sherman, P. W. (1997). Cooperative breeding in naked mole rats: implications for vertebrate and invertebrate sociality. In: Cooperative Breeding in Mammals. (Solomon, N. G. & French, J. A., eds), pp. 267-301. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (1997) Cooperative Breeding in Mammals. , pp. 267-301
    • Lacey, E.A.1    Sherman, P.W.2
  • 161
    • 0018954214 scopus 로고
    • Sexual dimorphism, sexual selection and adaptation in polygenic characters.
    • Lande, R. (1980). Sexual dimorphism, sexual selection and adaptation in polygenic characters. Evolution 34, 292-305.
    • (1980) Evolution , vol.34 , pp. 292-305
    • Lande, R.1
  • 163
    • 33645965878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female finery is not for males.
    • LeBas, N. R. (2006). Female finery is not for males. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 21, 170-173.
    • (2006) Trends in Ecology & Evolution , vol.21 , pp. 170-173
    • LeBas, N.R.1
  • 165
    • 0000634342 scopus 로고
    • Cost of living in a seal harem.
    • LeBoeuf, B. J. & Briggs, K. T. (1977). Cost of living in a seal harem. Mammalia 41, 167-195.
    • (1977) Mammalia , vol.41 , pp. 167-195
    • LeBoeuf, B.J.1    Briggs, K.T.2
  • 167
    • 0000628516 scopus 로고
    • Status, reproductive success and fitness in Cape mountain zebra (Equus zebra zebra).
    • Lloyd, P. H. & Rasa, O. A. E. (1989). Status, reproductive success and fitness in Cape mountain zebra (Equus zebra zebra). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 25, 411-420.
    • (1989) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.25 , pp. 411-420
    • Lloyd, P.H.1    Rasa, O.A.E.2
  • 168
    • 79954478132 scopus 로고
    • Loudon, A. & Racey, P. A. (eds) (). The Reproductive Energetics of Mammals. Symposia of the Zoological Society of London no 57. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
    • Loudon, A. & Racey, P. A. (eds) (1987). The Reproductive Energetics of Mammals. Symposia of the Zoological Society of London no 57. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
    • (1987)
  • 169
    • 0027036850 scopus 로고
    • Functional aspects of maternal aggression in mammals
    • Maestripieri, D. (1992). Functional aspects of maternal aggression in mammals. Canadian Journal of Zoology 70, 1069-1077.
    • (1992) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.70 , pp. 1069-1077
    • Maestripieri, D.1
  • 171
    • 0020384906 scopus 로고
    • Aggressive and maternal activities of female southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina).
    • Mccann, T. S. (1982). Aggressive and maternal activities of female southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina). Animal Behaviour 30, 268-276.
    • (1982) Animal Behaviour , vol.30 , pp. 268-276
    • Mccann, T.S.1
  • 172
    • 33745573093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scent marking as resource defense by female Lemur catta.
    • Mertl-Millhollen, A. S. (2006). Scent marking as resource defense by female Lemur catta. American Journal of Primatology 68, 605-621.
    • (2006) American Journal of Primatology , vol.68 , pp. 605-621
    • Mertl-Millhollen, A.S.1
  • 173
    • 0024184501 scopus 로고
    • Maternal dominance rank and lifetime survivorship of male and female rhesus monkeys.
    • Meikle, D. B. & Vessey, S. H. (1988). Maternal dominance rank and lifetime survivorship of male and female rhesus monkeys. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 22, 379-383.
    • (1988) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.22 , pp. 379-383
    • Meikle, D.B.1    Vessey, S.H.2
  • 174
    • 0037392828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of scent marking in the social communication of wild golden lion tamarins, Leontopithecus rosalia.
    • Miller, K. E., Laszlo, K. & Dietz, J. M. (2003). The role of scent marking in the social communication of wild golden lion tamarins, Leontopithecus rosalia. Animal Behaviour 65, 795-803.
    • (2003) Animal Behaviour , vol.65 , pp. 795-803
    • Miller, K.E.1    Laszlo, K.2    Dietz, J.M.3
  • 176
    • 0018297480 scopus 로고
    • Ecological and sociological studies of gelada baboons.
    • in: (Kawai, M., ed.), S. Karger, Basel.
    • Mori, U. (1979). Ecological and sociological studies of gelada baboons. in: Contributions to Primatology. (Kawai, M., ed.), p. 183-197. S. Karger, Basel.
    • (1979) Contributions to Primatology. , pp. 183-197
    • Mori, U.1
  • 177
    • 68349141656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Group territoriality and the benefits of sociality in the African lion, Panthera leo.
    • Mosser, A. & Packer, C. (2009). Group territoriality and the benefits of sociality in the African lion, Panthera leo. Animal Behaviour 78, 359-370.
    • (2009) Animal Behaviour , vol.78 , pp. 359-370
    • Mosser, A.1    Packer, C.2
  • 178
    • 34247842925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chimpanzee violence: femmes fatales.
    • Muller, M. N. (2007). Chimpanzee violence: femmes fatales. Current Biology 17, R365-R366.
    • (2007) Current Biology , vol.17
    • Muller, M.N.1
  • 179
    • 33750934179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Male chimpanzees prefer mating with older females.
    • Muller, M. N., Thompson, M. E. & Wrangham, R. W. (2006). Male chimpanzees prefer mating with older females. Current Biology 16, 2234-2238.
    • (2006) Current Biology , vol.16 , pp. 2234-2238
    • Muller, M.N.1    Thompson, M.E.2    Wrangham, R.W.3
  • 180
    • 33749508427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foraging strategies as a function of season and rank among wild female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).
    • Murray, C. M., Eberly, L. E. & Pusey, A. E. (2006). Foraging strategies as a function of season and rank among wild female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Behavioral Ecology 17, 1020-1028.
    • (2006) Behavioral Ecology , vol.17 , pp. 1020-1028
    • Murray, C.M.1    Eberly, L.E.2    Pusey, A.E.3
  • 181
    • 0036926724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The link between sexual dimorphism, activity budgets, and group cohesion: the case of the plains zebra (Equus burchelli).
    • Neuhaus, P. & Ruckstuhl, K. E. (2002). The link between sexual dimorphism, activity budgets, and group cohesion: the case of the plains zebra (Equus burchelli). Canadian Journal of Zoology 80, 1437-1441.
    • (2002) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.80 , pp. 1437-1441
    • Neuhaus, P.1    Ruckstuhl, K.E.2
  • 183
    • 0002482540 scopus 로고
    • The social structure of chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains.
    • In: (Hamburg, D. A. & McCown, E. R., eds) Benjamin/Cummings, Menlo Park.
    • Nishida, T. (1979). The social structure of chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains. In: The Great Apes. (Hamburg, D. A. & McCown, E. R., eds) p. 73-121. Benjamin/Cummings, Menlo Park.
    • (1979) The Great Apes. , pp. 73-121
    • Nishida, T.1
  • 184
    • 0032776073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of exaggerated sexual swellings in primates and the graded signal hypothesis.
    • Nunn, C. L. (1999). The evolution of exaggerated sexual swellings in primates and the graded signal hypothesis. Animal Behaviour 58, 229-246.
    • (1999) Animal Behaviour , vol.58 , pp. 229-246
    • Nunn, C.L.1
  • 185
    • 0034833497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do exaggerated sexual swellings function in female mating competition in primates? A comparative test of the reliable indicator hypothesis.
    • Nunn, C. L., van Schaik, C. P. & Zinner, D. (2001). Do exaggerated sexual swellings function in female mating competition in primates? A comparative test of the reliable indicator hypothesis. Behavioral Ecology 12, 646-654.
    • (2001) Behavioral Ecology , vol.12 , pp. 646-654
    • Nunn, C.L.1    van Schaik, C.P.2    Zinner, D.3
  • 186
    • 0028161807 scopus 로고
    • Infanticide avoidance, sperm competition and mate choice-the function of copulation calls in female baboons.
    • O'Connell, S. M. & Cowlishaw, G. (1994). Infanticide avoidance, sperm competition and mate choice-the function of copulation calls in female baboons. Animal Behaviour 48, 687-694.
    • (1994) Animal Behaviour , vol.48 , pp. 687-694
    • O'Connell, S.M.1    Cowlishaw, G.2
  • 187
    • 45449108789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence of maternal effects in baboons: Mother's dominance rank at son's conception predicts stress hormone levels in subadult males.
    • Onyango, P. O., Gesquiere, L. R., Wango, E. O., Alberts, S. C. & Altmann, J. (2008). Persistence of maternal effects in baboons: Mother's dominance rank at son's conception predicts stress hormone levels in subadult males. Hormones and Behavior 54, 319-324.
    • (2008) Hormones and Behavior , vol.54 , pp. 319-324
    • Onyango, P.O.1    Gesquiere, L.R.2    Wango, E.O.3    Alberts, S.C.4    Altmann, J.5
  • 189
    • 0003010116 scopus 로고
    • On the evolution of mating systems in birds and mammals.
    • Orians, G. H. (1969). On the evolution of mating systems in birds and mammals. The American Naturalist 103, 589-603.
    • (1969) The American Naturalist , vol.103 , pp. 589-603
    • Orians, G.H.1
  • 190
    • 0022190133 scopus 로고
    • Limiting resources and territoriality in microtine rodents.
    • Ostfeld, R. S. (1985). Limiting resources and territoriality in microtine rodents. The American Naturalist 126, 1-15.
    • (1985) The American Naturalist , vol.126 , pp. 1-15
    • Ostfeld, R.S.1
  • 191
    • 0025686692 scopus 로고
    • The ecology of territoriality in small mammals.
    • Ostfeld, R. S. (1990). The ecology of territoriality in small mammals. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 5, 411-415.
    • (1990) Trends in Ecology & Evolution , vol.5 , pp. 411-415
    • Ostfeld, R.S.1
  • 192
    • 0021082757 scopus 로고
    • Sexual dimorphism: the horns of African antelopes.
    • Packer, C. (1983). Sexual dimorphism: the horns of African antelopes. Science221, 1191-1193.
    • (1983) Science , vol.221 , pp. 1191-1193
    • Packer, C.1
  • 193
    • 0028976653 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive constraints on aggressive competition in female baboons.
    • Packer, C., Collins, D. A., Sindimwo, A. & Goodall, J. (1995). Reproductive constraints on aggressive competition in female baboons. Nature 373, 60-63.
    • (1995) Nature , vol.373 , pp. 60-63
    • Packer, C.1    Collins, D.A.2    Sindimwo, A.3    Goodall, J.4
  • 195
    • 0035958677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Egalitarianism in female African lions.
    • Packer, C., Pusey, A. E. & Eberly, E. M. (2001). Egalitarianism in female African lions. Science 293, 690-693.
    • (2001) Science , vol.293 , pp. 690-693
    • Packer, C.1    Pusey, A.E.2    Eberly, E.M.3
  • 196
  • 197
    • 0028174876 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of conspicuous oestrous advertisement in Old World monkeys.
    • Pagel, M. (1994). The evolution of conspicuous oestrous advertisement in Old World monkeys. Animal Behaviour 47, 1333-1341.
    • (1994) Animal Behaviour , vol.47 , pp. 1333-1341
    • Pagel, M.1
  • 198
    • 0027951514 scopus 로고
    • Male urinary cues stimulate intra-sexual aggression and urine-marking in wild female mice, Mus musculus domesticus.
    • Palanza, P., Parmigiani, S. & vom Saal, F. S. (1994). Male urinary cues stimulate intra-sexual aggression and urine-marking in wild female mice, Mus musculus domesticus. Animal Behaviour 48, 245-247.
    • (1994) Animal Behaviour , vol.48 , pp. 245-247
    • Palanza, P.1    Parmigiani, S.2    vom Saal, F.S.3
  • 199
    • 0034960696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female-female competition for male 'friends' in wild chacma baboons, Papio cynocephalus ursinus
    • Palombit, R. A., Cheney, D. L. & Seyfarth, R. M. (2001). Female-female competition for male 'friends' in wild chacma baboons, Papio cynocephalus ursinus. Animal Behaviour 61, 1159-1171.
    • (2001) Animal Behaviour , vol.61 , pp. 1159-1171
    • Palombit, R.A.1    Cheney, D.L.2    Seyfarth, R.M.3
  • 201
    • 0002091828 scopus 로고
    • Sexual selection and sexual conflict.
    • In (eds. M. S. Blum & N. A. Blum) - London: Academic Press.
    • Parker, G. A. (1979). Sexual selection and sexual conflict. In Sexual Selection and Reproductive Competition in Insects (eds. M. S. Blum & N. A. Blum), pp. 123-166. London: Academic Press.
    • (1979) Sexual Selection and Reproductive Competition in Insects , pp. 123-166
    • Parker, G.A.1
  • 202
    • 0002206332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sperm competition and the evolution of ejaculates: towards a theory base.
    • In (eds. T. R. Birkhead & A. P. Mèller) - London: Academic Press.
    • Parker, G. A. (1998). Sperm competition and the evolution of ejaculates: towards a theory base. In Sperm Competition and Sexual Selection (eds. T. R. Birkhead & A. P. Mèller), pp. 3-54. London: Academic Press.
    • (1998) Sperm Competition and Sexual Selection , pp. 3-54
    • Parker, G.A.1
  • 203
    • 25444435707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sperm competition, mating rate and the evolution of testis and ejaculate sizes: a population model.
    • Parker, G. A. & Ball, M. A. (2005). Sperm competition, mating rate and the evolution of testis and ejaculate sizes: a population model. Biology Letters 1, 235-238.
    • (2005) Biology Letters , vol.1 , pp. 235-238
    • Parker, G.A.1    Ball, M.A.2
  • 204
    • 0027068458 scopus 로고
    • Maternal rank affects reproductive success of male Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus): evidence from DNA fingerprinting.
    • Paul, A., Kuester, J. & Arnemann, J. (1992). Maternal rank affects reproductive success of male Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus): evidence from DNA fingerprinting. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 30, 337-341.
    • (1992) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.30 , pp. 337-341
    • Paul, A.1    Kuester, J.2    Arnemann, J.3
  • 205
    • 0000984418 scopus 로고
    • Sexual selection and intersexual differences in variance of breeding success.
    • Payne, R. B. (1979). Sexual selection and intersexual differences in variance of breeding success. The American Naturalist 114, 447-452.
    • (1979) The American Naturalist , vol.114 , pp. 447-452
    • Payne, R.B.1
  • 206
    • 0027331619 scopus 로고
    • A field study of communication and social behaviour of the Tasmanian devil at feeding sites.
    • Pemberton, D. & Renouf, D. (1993). A field study of communication and social behaviour of the Tasmanian devil at feeding sites. Australian Journal of Zoology 41, 507-526.
    • (1993) Australian Journal of Zoology , vol.41 , pp. 507-526
    • Pemberton, D.1    Renouf, D.2
  • 207
    • 0001160189 scopus 로고
    • Copulation frequency in birds: why do males copulate more than once with the same male?
    • Petrie, M. (1992). Copulation frequency in birds: why do males copulate more than once with the same male? Animal Behaviour 44, 790-792.
    • (1992) Animal Behaviour , vol.44 , pp. 790-792
    • Petrie, M.1
  • 208
    • 0016500726 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive physiology of the stallion. V. Effect of frequency of ejaculation on seminal characteristics and spermatozoal output.
    • Pickett, B. W., Sullivan, J. J. & Seidel Jr., G. E. (1975). Reproductive physiology of the stallion. V. Effect of frequency of ejaculation on seminal characteristics and spermatozoal output. Journal of Animal Science 40, 917-923.
    • (1975) Journal of Animal Science , vol.40 , pp. 917-923
    • Pickett, B.W.1    Sullivan, J.J.2    Seidel, J.3
  • 210
    • 33747046097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-ranking mares of captive plains zebra Equus burchelli have greater reproductive success than low ranking mares.
    • Pluháček, J., Bartoš, L. & Culík, L. (2006). High-ranking mares of captive plains zebra Equus burchelli have greater reproductive success than low ranking mares. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 99, 315-329.
    • (2006) Applied Animal Behaviour Science , vol.99 , pp. 315-329
    • Pluháček, J.1    Bartoš, L.2    Culík, L.3
  • 211
    • 4143054632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demography, life history, and social structure in Propithecus diadema edwardsi of Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar.
    • Pochron, S. T., Tucker, W. T. & Wright, P. C. (2004). Demography, life history, and social structure in Propithecus diadema edwardsi of Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 125, 61-72.
    • (2004) American Journal of Physical Anthropology , vol.125 , pp. 61-72
    • Pochron, S.T.1    Tucker, W.T.2    Wright, P.C.3
  • 212
    • 37548999853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female-female competition or male mate choice? Patterns of courtship and breeding behavior among feral horses (Equus caballus) on Assateague Island.
    • Powell, D. M. (2008). Female-female competition or male mate choice? Patterns of courtship and breeding behavior among feral horses (Equus caballus) on Assateague Island. Journal of Ethology 26, 137-144.
    • (2008) Journal of Ethology , vol.26 , pp. 137-144
    • Powell, D.M.1
  • 217
    • 0030762816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of dominance rank on the reproductive success of female chimpanzees.
    • Pusey, A., Williams, J. & Goodall, J. (1997). The influence of dominance rank on the reproductive success of female chimpanzees. Science 277, 828-831.
    • (1997) Science , vol.277 , pp. 828-831
    • Pusey, A.1    Williams, J.2    Goodall, J.3
  • 218
    • 0001531467 scopus 로고
    • Social relationships in a group of captive wolves.
    • Rabb, G. B., Wooply, J. H. & Ginsburg, B. E. (1967). Social relationships in a group of captive wolves. American Zoologist 7, 305-311.
    • (1967) American Zoologist , vol.7 , pp. 305-311
    • Rabb, G.B.1    Wooply, J.H.2    Ginsburg, B.E.3
  • 219
    • 77951466672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sperm competition and sperm length influence the rate of mammalian spermatogenesis.
    • Ramm, S. A. & Stockley, P. (2010). Sperm competition and sperm length influence the rate of mammalian spermatogenesis. Biology Letters 6, 219-221.
    • (2010) Biology Letters , vol.6 , pp. 219-221
    • Ramm, S.A.1    Stockley, P.2
  • 222
    • 0000161811 scopus 로고
    • Female competition and reproductive success in Northern elephant seals.
    • Reiter, J., Panken, K. J. & Le Boeuf, B. J. (1981). Female competition and reproductive success in Northern elephant seals. Animal Behaviour. 29, 670-687.
    • (1981) Animal Behaviour , vol.29 , pp. 670-687
    • Reiter, J.1    Panken, K.J.2    Le Boeuf, B.J.3
  • 223
    • 84990166715 scopus 로고
    • 8-year study of social and ecological correlates of mortality among immature baboons of Mikumi National Park, Tanzania.
    • Rhine, R. J., Wasser, S. K. & Norton, G. W. (1988). 8-year study of social and ecological correlates of mortality among immature baboons of Mikumi National Park, Tanzania. American Journal of Primatology 16, 199-212.
    • (1988) American Journal of Primatology , vol.16 , pp. 199-212
    • Rhine, R.J.1    Wasser, S.K.2    Norton, G.W.3
  • 224
    • 1642281202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral ecology of the Jeju pony (Equus caballus): effects of maternal age, maternal dominance hierarchy and foal age on mare aggression.
    • Rho, J. R., Srygley, R. B. & Choe, J. C. (2004). Behavioral ecology of the Jeju pony (Equus caballus): effects of maternal age, maternal dominance hierarchy and foal age on mare aggression. Ecological Research 19, 55-63.
    • (2004) Ecological Research , vol.19 , pp. 55-63
    • Rho, J.R.1    Srygley, R.B.2    Choe, J.C.3
  • 225
    • 0030423439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of hornedness in female ruminants.
    • Roberts, S. C. (1996). The evolution of hornedness in female ruminants. Behaviour 133, 399-442.
    • (1996) Behaviour , vol.133 , pp. 399-442
    • Roberts, S.C.1
  • 226
    • 38449099881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Function of weaponry in females: the use of horns in intrasexual competition for resources in female Soay sheep.
    • Robinson, M. R. & Kruuk, L. E. B. (2007). Function of weaponry in females: the use of horns in intrasexual competition for resources in female Soay sheep. Biology Letters 3, 651-654.
    • (2007) Biology Letters , vol.3 , pp. 651-654
    • Robinson, M.R.1    Kruuk, L.E.B.2
  • 227
    • 0030435545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do female chacma baboons compete for a safe spatial position in a southern woodland habitat?
    • Ron, T., Henzi, S. P. & Motro, U. (1996). Do female chacma baboons compete for a safe spatial position in a southern woodland habitat? Behaviour 133, 475-490.
    • (1996) Behaviour , vol.133 , pp. 475-490
    • Ron, T.1    Henzi, S.P.2    Motro, U.3
  • 229
    • 0016074663 scopus 로고
    • Concept of social dominance.
    • Rowell, T.E. (1974). Concept of social dominance. Behavioral Biology 11, 131-154.
    • (1974) Behavioral Biology , vol.11 , pp. 131-154
    • Rowell, T.E.1
  • 230
    • 34547923183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal environmental variability drives the evolution of cooperative breeding in birds.
    • Rubenstein, D. R. & Lovette, I. J. (2007). Temporal environmental variability drives the evolution of cooperative breeding in birds. Current Biology 17, 1414-1419.
    • (2007) Current Biology , vol.17 , pp. 1414-1419
    • Rubenstein, D.R.1    Lovette, I.J.2
  • 231
    • 72049104004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive skew and selection on female ornamentation in social species.
    • Rubenstein, D. R. & Lovette, I. J. (2009). Reproductive skew and selection on female ornamentation in social species. Nature 462, 786-789.
    • (2009) Nature , vol.462 , pp. 786-789
    • Rubenstein, D.R.1    Lovette, I.J.2
  • 233
    • 2942596891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kin-preferential cooperation, dominance-dependent reproductive skew, and competition for mates in communally nesting female house mice.
    • Rusu, A. S. & Krackow, S. (2004). Kin-preferential cooperation, dominance-dependent reproductive skew, and competition for mates in communally nesting female house mice. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 56, 298-305.
    • (2004) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.56 , pp. 298-305
    • Rusu, A.S.1    Krackow, S.2
  • 234
    • 84966036546 scopus 로고
    • Dominance and its fitness consequences in American bison cows.
    • Rutberg, A. T. (1986). Dominance and its fitness consequences in American bison cows. Behaviour 96, 62-91.
    • (1986) Behaviour , vol.96 , pp. 62-91
    • Rutberg, A.T.1
  • 235
    • 0025638409 scopus 로고
    • Dominance, aggression frequencies and modes of aggressive competition in feral pony mares.
    • Rutberg, A. T. & Greenberg, S. A. (1990). Dominance, aggression frequencies and modes of aggressive competition in feral pony mares. Animal Behaviour 40, 322-331.
    • (1990) Animal Behaviour , vol.40 , pp. 322-331
    • Rutberg, A.T.1    Greenberg, S.A.2
  • 236
    • 0000455586 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the artificial insemination of Merino sheep.
    • Salamon, S. (1962). Studies on the artificial insemination of Merino sheep. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 13, 1137-1150.
    • (1962) Australian Journal of Agricultural Research , vol.13 , pp. 1137-1150
    • Salamon, S.1
  • 237
    • 33644869986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social suppression of female reproductive maturation and infanticidal behavior in cooperatively breeding Mongolian gerbils.
    • Saltzman, W., Ahmed, S., Fahimi, A., Wittwer, D. J. & Wegner, F. H. (2006). Social suppression of female reproductive maturation and infanticidal behavior in cooperatively breeding Mongolian gerbils. Hormones and Behavior 49, 527-537.
    • (2006) Hormones and Behavior , vol.49 , pp. 527-537
    • Saltzman, W.1    Ahmed, S.2    Fahimi, A.3    Wittwer, D.J.4    Wegner, F.H.5
  • 238
    • 58149118389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive skew in female common marmosets: what can proximate mechanisms tell us about ultimate causes?
    • Saltzman, W., Digby, L. J. & Abbott, D. H. (2009). Reproductive skew in female common marmosets: what can proximate mechanisms tell us about ultimate causes? Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276, 389-399.
    • (2009) Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences , vol.276 , pp. 389-399
    • Saltzman, W.1    Digby, L.J.2    Abbott, D.H.3
  • 239
    • 0030621055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A quantitative assessment of dominance relations among bottlenose dolphins.
    • Samuels, A. & Gifford, T. (1997). A quantitative assessment of dominance relations among bottlenose dolphins. Marine Mammal Science 13, 70-99.
    • (1997) Marine Mammal Science , vol.13 , pp. 70-99
    • Samuels, A.1    Gifford, T.2
  • 240
    • 17844375406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of social hierarchy on primate health.
    • Sapolsky, R. M. (2005). The influence of social hierarchy on primate health. Science 308, 648-652.
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 648-652
    • Sapolsky, R.M.1
  • 241
    • 0023905635 scopus 로고
    • Sociosexual development, pair bond formation, and mechanisms of fertility suppression in female cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus oedipus).
    • Savage, A., Ziegler, T. E. & Snowdon, C. T. (1988). Sociosexual development, pair bond formation, and mechanisms of fertility suppression in female cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus oedipus). American Journal of Primatology 14, 345-359.
    • (1988) American Journal of Primatology , vol.14 , pp. 345-359
    • Savage, A.1    Ziegler, T.E.2    Snowdon, C.T.3
  • 242
    • 79954527312 scopus 로고
    • Le polymorphisme du comportement reproducteur chez le daim d'Europe (Dama d. dama). Contribution a la socio-écologie des cervidae. Univ. Louis Pasteur: PhD thesis.
    • Schaal, A. (1987). Le polymorphisme du comportement reproducteur chez le daim d'Europe (Dama d. dama). Contribution a la socio-écologie des cervidae. Univ. Louis Pasteur: PhD thesis.
    • (1987)
    • Schaal, A.1
  • 243
    • 84966110612 scopus 로고
    • Interventions in a herd of semi-captive plains zebras.
    • Schilder, M. B. H. (1990). Interventions in a herd of semi-captive plains zebras. Behaviour 112, 53-83.
    • (1990) Behaviour , vol.112 , pp. 53-83
    • Schilder, M.B.H.1
  • 244
    • 1942507954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual selection and mating patterns in a mammal with female-biased sexual size dimorphism.
    • Schulte-Hostedde, A. I., Millar, J. S. & Gibbs, H. L. (2004). Sexual selection and mating patterns in a mammal with female-biased sexual size dimorphism. Behavioral Ecology 15, 351-356.
    • (2004) Behavioral Ecology , vol.15 , pp. 351-356
    • Schulte-Hostedde, A.I.1    Millar, J.S.2    Gibbs, H.L.3
  • 245
    • 33846439030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scents and sensibility: information and content of olfactory signals in the ringtailed lemur, Lemur catta.
    • Scordato, E. S. & Drea, C. M. (2007). Scents and sensibility: information and content of olfactory signals in the ringtailed lemur, Lemur catta. Animal Behaviour 73, 301-314.
    • (2007) Animal Behaviour , vol.73 , pp. 301-314
    • Scordato, E.S.1    Drea, C.M.2
  • 246
    • 24344446981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aggression in bottlenose dolphins: evidence for sexual coercion, male-male competition and female tolerance through analysis of tooth-rake marks and behaviour.
    • Scott, E. M., Mann, J., Watson-Capps, J. J., Sargeant, B. L. & Connor, R. C. (2005). Aggression in bottlenose dolphins: evidence for sexual coercion, male-male competition and female tolerance through analysis of tooth-rake marks and behaviour. Behaviour 142, 21-44.
    • (2005) Behaviour , vol.142 , pp. 21-44
    • Scott, E.M.1    Mann, J.2    Watson-Capps, J.J.3    Sargeant, B.L.4    Connor, R.C.5
  • 251
    • 2942623881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual swellings in mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx): a test of the reliable indicator hypothesis.
    • Setchell, J. M. & Wickings, E. J. (2004). Sexual swellings in mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx): a test of the reliable indicator hypothesis. Behavioral Ecology 15, 438-445.
    • (2004) Behavioral Ecology , vol.15 , pp. 438-445
    • Setchell, J.M.1    Wickings, E.J.2
  • 254
    • 0002143456 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive competition and infanticide in Belding's ground squirrels and other animals.
    • In (R. D. Alexander & D. W. Tinkle, eds) - Chiron Press, New York.
    • Sherman, P. W. (1981). Reproductive competition and infanticide in Belding's ground squirrels and other animals. In Natural Selection and Social Behaviour: Recent Research and New Theory. (R. D. Alexander & D. W. Tinkle, eds), pp. 311-331. Chiron Press, New York.
    • (1981) Natural Selection and Social Behaviour: Recent Research and New Theory. , pp. 311-331
    • Sherman, P.W.1
  • 255
    • 0001091849 scopus 로고
    • Infanticide in ground squirrels.
    • Sherman, P. W. (1982). Infanticide in ground squirrels. Animal Behaviour 30, 938-939.
    • (1982) Animal Behaviour , vol.30 , pp. 938-939
    • Sherman, P.W.1
  • 256
    • 0003329157 scopus 로고
    • Sexual selection and its component parts, somatic and genital selection, as illustrated by man and the great apes.
    • Short, R. V. (1979). Sexual selection and its component parts, somatic and genital selection, as illustrated by man and the great apes. Advances in the Study of Behavior 9, 131-158.
    • (1979) Advances in the Study of Behavior , vol.9 , pp. 131-158
    • Short, R.V.1
  • 257
    • 0002813836 scopus 로고
    • Kidnapping and female competition among captive bonnet macaques.
    • Silk, J. B. (1980). Kidnapping and female competition among captive bonnet macaques. Primates 21, 100-110.
    • (1980) Primates , vol.21 , pp. 100-110
    • Silk, J.B.1
  • 258
    • 0000249997 scopus 로고
    • Differential reproductive success and facultative adjustments of sex ratios among captive female bonnet macaques (Macaca radiata).
    • Silk, J. B., Clark-Wheatley, C. B., Rodman, P. S. & Samuels, A. (1981). Differential reproductive success and facultative adjustments of sex ratios among captive female bonnet macaques (Macaca radiata). Animal Behaviour 29, 1106-1120.
    • (1981) Animal Behaviour , vol.29 , pp. 1106-1120
    • Silk, J.B.1    Clark-Wheatley, C.B.2    Rodman, P.S.3    Samuels, A.4
  • 259
    • 0003102150 scopus 로고
    • Female primate sexual behavior and conception:-Are there really sperm to spare?
    • Small, M. F. (1988). Female primate sexual behavior and conception:-Are there really sperm to spare? Current Anthropology 29, 81-100.
    • (1988) Current Anthropology , vol.29 , pp. 81-100
    • Small, M.F.1
  • 261
    • 2942526644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual selection and communication.
    • In: (Kappeler, P. & van Schaik, C., eds) - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • Snowdon, C. T. (2004). Sexual selection and communication. In: Sexual Selection in Primates. New and Comparative Perspectives. (Kappeler, P. & van Schaik, C., eds), pp. 57-70. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (2004) Sexual Selection in Primates. New and Comparative Perspectives. , pp. 57-70
    • Snowdon, C.T.1
  • 262
    • 35748958702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A reappraisal of Bateman's classic study of intrasexual selection.
    • Snyder, B. F. & Gowaty, P. A. (2007). A reappraisal of Bateman's classic study of intrasexual selection. Evolution 61, 2457-2468.
    • (2007) Evolution , vol.61 , pp. 2457-2468
    • Snyder, B.F.1    Gowaty, P.A.2
  • 263
    • 0000772223 scopus 로고
    • Body size and social preferences of male and female prairie voles, Microtus ochrogaster.
    • Solomon, N. G. (1993). Body size and social preferences of male and female prairie voles, Microtus ochrogaster. Animal Behaviour 45, 1031-1033.
    • (1993) Animal Behaviour , vol.45 , pp. 1031-1033
    • Solomon, N.G.1
  • 264
    • 0034902051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of reproductive suppression in female pine voles (Microtus pinetorum).
    • Solomon, N. G., Brant, C. L., Callahan, P. A. & Steinly Jr, B. A. (2001). Mechanisms of reproductive suppression in female pine voles (Microtus pinetorum). Reproduction 122, 297-304.
    • (2001) Reproduction , vol.122 , pp. 297-304
    • Solomon, N.G.1    Brant, C.L.2    Callahan, P.A.3    Steinly, J.4
  • 266
    • 84990745881 scopus 로고
    • Sexual harassment in langur monkeys Presbytis entellus: competition for ova, sperm, and nurture?
    • Sommer, V. (1989). Sexual harassment in langur monkeys Presbytis entellus: competition for ova, sperm, and nurture? Ethology 80, 205-217.
    • (1989) Ethology , vol.80 , pp. 205-217
    • Sommer, V.1
  • 270
    • 0001279455 scopus 로고
    • Chance can produce a sex difference in variance in mating success and explain Bateman's data.
    • Sutherland, W. J. (1985). Chance can produce a sex difference in variance in mating success and explain Bateman's data. Animal Behaviour 33, 1349-1352.
    • (1985) Animal Behaviour , vol.33 , pp. 1349-1352
    • Sutherland, W.J.1
  • 272
    • 40849136377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between female rank and reproductive parameters of the ringtailed lemur: a preliminary analysis.
    • Takahata, Y., Koyama, N., Ichino, S., Miyamoto, N., Nakamichi, M. & Soma, T. (2008). The relationship between female rank and reproductive parameters of the ringtailed lemur: a preliminary analysis. Primates 49, 135-138.
    • (2008) Primates , vol.49 , pp. 135-138
    • Takahata, Y.1    Koyama, N.2    Ichino, S.3    Miyamoto, N.4    Nakamichi, M.5    Soma, T.6
  • 273
    • 30744445420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The problem with paradigms: Bateman's worldview as a case study.
    • Tang-Martinez, Z. & Ryder, T. B. (2005). The problem with paradigms: Bateman's worldview as a case study. Integrative and Comparative Biology 45, 821-830.
    • (2005) Integrative and Comparative Biology , vol.45 , pp. 821-830
    • Tang-Martinez, Z.1    Ryder, T.B.2
  • 274
    • 0025592712 scopus 로고
    • Feeding competition between grazing red deer hinds.
    • Thouless, C. R. (1990). Feeding competition between grazing red deer hinds. Animal Behaviour 40, 105-111.
    • (1990) Animal Behaviour , vol.40 , pp. 105-111
    • Thouless, C.R.1
  • 275
    • 0000537174 scopus 로고
    • Conflict between red deer hinds: the winner always wins.
    • Thouless, C. R. & Guinness, F. E. (1986). Conflict between red deer hinds: the winner always wins. Animal Behaviour 34, 1166-1171.
    • (1986) Animal Behaviour , vol.34 , pp. 1166-1171
    • Thouless, C.R.1    Guinness, F.E.2
  • 278
    • 85068409711 scopus 로고
    • Parental investment and sexual selection.
    • In, Heinemann, London, (Campbell, B, ed).
    • Trivers, R. L. (1972). Parental investment and sexual selection. In: Sexual Selection and the Descent of Man, 1871-1971. (Campbell, B., ed), pp 136-179. Heinemann, London.
    • (1972) Sexual Selection and the Descent of Man , vol.1871-1971 , pp. 136-179
    • Trivers, R.L.1
  • 279
    • 0029666966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The functional significance of infanticide in a population of California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi).
    • Trulio, L. A. (1996). The functional significance of infanticide in a population of California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 38, 97-103.
    • (1996) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.38 , pp. 97-103
    • Trulio, L.A.1
  • 282
    • 26244452350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dominance, fatness and fitness in female American bison, Bison bison.
    • Vervaecke, H., Roden, C. & De Vries, H. (2005). Dominance, fatness and fitness in female American bison, Bison bison. Animal Behaviour 70, 763-770.
    • (2005) Animal Behaviour , vol.70 , pp. 763-770
    • Vervaecke, H.1    Roden, C.2    De Vries, H.3
  • 283
    • 0024879081 scopus 로고
    • Episodic targeting aggression and the histories of Lemur social groups.
    • Vick, L.G. & Pereira, M. E. (1989). Episodic targeting aggression and the histories of Lemur social groups. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 25, 3-12.
    • (1989) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.25 , pp. 3-12
    • Vick, L.G.1    Pereira, M.E.2
  • 284
    • 22844447189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rank differences in energy intake rates in white-faced capuchin monkeys, Cebus capuchinus: the effects of contest competition.
    • Vogel, E. R. (2005). Rank differences in energy intake rates in white-faced capuchin monkeys, Cebus capuchinus: the effects of contest competition. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 58, 333-344.
    • (2005) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.58 , pp. 333-344
    • Vogel, E.R.1
  • 285
    • 34547728524 scopus 로고
    • Competition among female long-tailed macaques, Macaca fascicularis.
    • van Noordwijk, M. A. & van Schaik, C. P. (1987). Competition among female long-tailed macaques, Macaca fascicularis. Animal Behaviour 35, 577-589.
    • (1987) Animal Behaviour , vol.35 , pp. 577-589
    • van Noordwijk, M.A.1    van Schaik, C.P.2
  • 286
    • 0032970233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of dominance rank and group size on female lifetime reproductive success in wild long-tailed macaques, Macaca fascicularis.
    • van Noordwijk, M. A. & van Schaik, C. P. (1999). The effects of dominance rank and group size on female lifetime reproductive success in wild long-tailed macaques, Macaca fascicularis. Primates 40, 105-130.
    • (1999) Primates , vol.40 , pp. 105-130
    • van Noordwijk, M.A.1    van Schaik, C.P.2
  • 289
    • 0000994345 scopus 로고
    • The intensity of sexual selection in relation to male sexual behavior, female choice, and sperm precedence.
    • Wade, M. J. & Arnold, S. J. (1980). The intensity of sexual selection in relation to male sexual behavior, female choice, and sperm precedence. Animal Behaviour 28, 446-461.
    • (1980) Animal Behaviour , vol.28 , pp. 446-461
    • Wade, M.J.1    Arnold, S.J.2
  • 290
    • 0020989613 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive suppression among female mammals: implications for biomedicine and sexual selection theory.
    • Wasser, S. K. & Barash, D. P. (1983). Reproductive suppression among female mammals: implications for biomedicine and sexual selection theory. Quarterly Review of Biology 58, 513-538.
    • (1983) Quarterly Review of Biology , vol.58 , pp. 513-538
    • Wasser, S.K.1    Barash, D.P.2
  • 291
    • 4143098356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population trend alters the effects of maternal dominance rank on lifetime reproductive success in yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus).
    • Wasser, S. K., Norton, G. W., Kleindorfer, S. & Rhine, R. J. (2004). Population trend alters the effects of maternal dominance rank on lifetime reproductive success in yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 56, 338-345.
    • (2004) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.56 , pp. 338-345
    • Wasser, S.K.1    Norton, G.W.2    Kleindorfer, S.3    Rhine, R.J.4
  • 292
    • 0023684920 scopus 로고
    • Proximate and ultimate causes of reproductive suppression among female yellow baboons at Mikumi National Park, Tanzania.
    • Wasser, S. K. & Starling, A. K. (1988). Proximate and ultimate causes of reproductive suppression among female yellow baboons at Mikumi National Park, Tanzania. American Journal of Primatology 16, 97-121.
    • (1988) American Journal of Primatology , vol.16 , pp. 97-121
    • Wasser, S.K.1    Starling, A.K.2
  • 293
    • 84995131306 scopus 로고
    • Mountain gorilla life histories, reproductive competition, and some implications for captive husbandry.
    • Watts, D. P. (1990). Mountain gorilla life histories, reproductive competition, and some implications for captive husbandry. Zoo Biology 9, 185-200.
    • (1990) Zoo Biology , vol.9 , pp. 185-200
    • Watts, D.P.1
  • 294
    • 0024881128 scopus 로고
    • Variation in length and body weight of squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) in two different habitats.
    • Wauters, L. A. & Dhont, A. A. (1989). Variation in length and body weight of squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) in two different habitats. Journal of Zoology 217, 93-106.
    • (1989) Journal of Zoology , vol.217 , pp. 93-106
    • Wauters, L.A.1    Dhont, A.A.2
  • 295
    • 0036644205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sperm competition, male prudence and sperm limited females.
    • Wedell, N., Gage, M. J. G. & Parker, G. A. (2002). Sperm competition, male prudence and sperm limited females. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 17, 313-320.
    • (2002) Trends in Ecology & Evolution , vol.17 , pp. 313-320
    • Wedell, N.1    Gage, M.J.G.2    Parker, G.A.3
  • 296
    • 0037023298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cooperation and competition between relatives.
    • West, S. A., Pen, I. & Griffin, A. S. (2002). Cooperation and competition between relatives. Science 296, 72-75.
    • (2002) Science , vol.296 , pp. 72-75
    • West, S.A.1    Pen, I.2    Griffin, A.S.3
  • 297
    • 0021061319 scopus 로고
    • Sexual selection, social competition, and speciation.
    • West-Eberhard, M. J. (1983). Sexual selection, social competition, and speciation. Quarterly Review of Biology 55, 155-183.
    • (1983) Quarterly Review of Biology , vol.55 , pp. 155-183
    • West-Eberhard, M.J.1
  • 298
    • 84996096474 scopus 로고
    • Diet and dominance among female vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops).
    • Whitten, P. L. (1983). Diet and dominance among female vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops). American Journal of Primatology 5, 139-159.
    • (1983) American Journal of Primatology , vol.5 , pp. 139-159
    • Whitten, P.L.1
  • 299
    • 51249182924 scopus 로고
    • Female rank and reproductive success among Arashiyama B Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata).
    • Wolfe, L. D. (1984). Female rank and reproductive success among Arashiyama B Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). International Journal of Primatology 5, 133-143.
    • (1984) International Journal of Primatology , vol.5 , pp. 133-143
    • Wolfe, L.D.1
  • 300
    • 0027330905 scopus 로고
    • Why are female small mammals territorial?
    • Wolff, J.O. (1993). Why are female small mammals territorial? Oikos 68, 364-370.
    • (1993) Oikos , vol.68 , pp. 364-370
    • Wolff, J.O.1
  • 301
    • 0024904691 scopus 로고
    • Field evidence for sexual selection and resource competition infanticide in white-footed mice.
    • Wolff, J. O. & Cicirello, D. M. (1989). Field evidence for sexual selection and resource competition infanticide in white-footed mice. Animal Behaviour 38, 637-642.
    • (1989) Animal Behaviour , vol.38 , pp. 637-642
    • Wolff, J.O.1    Cicirello, D.M.2
  • 302
    • 0028976657 scopus 로고
    • Female-female competition in the European badger, Meles meles: effects on breeding success.
    • Woodroffe, R. & Macdonald, D. W. (1995). Female-female competition in the European badger, Meles meles: effects on breeding success. Journal of Animal Ecology 64, 12-20.
    • (1995) Journal of Animal Ecology , vol.64 , pp. 12-20
    • Woodroffe, R.1    Macdonald, D.W.2
  • 303
    • 0028982592 scopus 로고
    • Dispersal and philopatry in the European badger, Meles meles
    • Woodroffe, R., Macdonald, D. W. & Da Silva, J. (1995). Dispersal and philopatry in the European badger, Meles meles. Journal of Zoology 237, 227-239.
    • (1995) Journal of Zoology , vol.237 , pp. 227-239
    • Woodroffe, R.1    Macdonald, D.W.2    Da Silva, J.3
  • 304
    • 0019232461 scopus 로고
    • An ecological model of female-bonded primate groups.
    • Wrangham, R. W. (1980). An ecological model of female-bonded primate groups. Behaviour 75, 262-299.
    • (1980) Behaviour , vol.75 , pp. 262-299
    • Wrangham, R.W.1
  • 305
    • 0000550177 scopus 로고
    • Drinking competition in vervet monkeys.
    • Wrangham, R. W. (1981). Drinking competition in vervet monkeys. Animal Behaviour 29, 904-910.
    • (1981) Animal Behaviour , vol.29 , pp. 904-910
    • Wrangham, R.W.1
  • 306
    • 0345055332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infanticide in the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus): occurrence and the effect of familiarity on female infanticide.
    • Ylönen, H., Koskela, E. & Mappes, T. (1997). Infanticide in the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus): occurrence and the effect of familiarity on female infanticide. Annales Zoologici Fennici 34, 259-266.
    • (1997) Annales Zoologici Fennici , vol.34 , pp. 259-266
    • Ylönen, H.1    Koskela, E.2    Mappes, T.3
  • 308
    • 0345768897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a new sexual selection paradigm: polyandry, conflict and incompatibility.
    • Zeh, J. A. & Zeh, D. W. (2003). Toward a new sexual selection paradigm: polyandry, conflict and incompatibility. Ethology 109, 929-950.
    • (2003) Ethology , vol.109 , pp. 929-950
    • Zeh, J.A.1    Zeh, D.W.2
  • 309
    • 0016932453 scopus 로고
    • On the regulation of pack size in wolves.
    • Zimen, E. (1976). On the regulation of pack size in wolves. Zietschrift fur Tierpsychologie 40, 300-341.
    • (1976) Zietschrift fur Tierpsychologie , vol.40 , pp. 300-341
    • Zimen, E.1
  • 310
    • 0028042487 scopus 로고
    • Cycle synchrony and probability of conception in female hamadryas baboons Papio hamadryas.
    • Zinner, D., Schwibbe, M. H. & Kaumanns, W. (1994). Cycle synchrony and probability of conception in female hamadryas baboons Papio hamadryas. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 35, 175-183.
    • (1994) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.35 , pp. 175-183
    • Zinner, D.1    Schwibbe, M.H.2    Kaumanns, W.3
  • 311
    • 0037078976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary biology: significance of primate sexual swellings.
    • Zinner, D., Alberts, S. C., Nunn, C. L. & Altmann, J. (2002). Evolutionary biology: significance of primate sexual swellings. Nature 420, 142-143.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.420 , pp. 142-143
    • Zinner, D.1    Alberts, S.C.2    Nunn, C.L.3    Altmann, J.4
  • 312
    • 3142518522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual selection and exaggerated sexual swellings of female primates.
    • In: (Kappeler, P. & van Schaik, C. eds) -, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • Zinner, D. P., Nunn, C. L., van Schaik, C. P. & Kappeler, P. M. (2004). Sexual selection and exaggerated sexual swellings of female primates. In: Sexual Selection in Primates: New and Comparative Perspectives. (Kappeler, P. & van Schaik, C. eds), pp. 71-89, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (2004) Sexual Selection in Primates: New and Comparative Perspectives. , pp. 71-89
    • Zinner, D.P.1    Nunn, C.L.2    van Schaik, C.P.3    Kappeler, P.M.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.