Aggression in bottlenose dolphins: Evidence for sexual coercion, male-male competition, and female tolerance through analysis of tooth-rake marks and behaviour

Behaviour

Volumn 142, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 21-44

  Scott, Erin M ^a   Mann, Janet ^a   Watson Capps, Jana J ^a   Sargeant, Brooke L ^a   Connor, Richard C ^b  

^a GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS DARTMOUTH   (United States)

Author keywords

Bottlenose dolphins; Female tolerance; Intra specific aggression; Sexual coercion; Tooth rakes; Tursiops sp.

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA; CHONDRICHTHYES; TURSIOPS; TURSIOPS ADUNCUS;

EID: 24344446981     PISSN: 00057959     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1163/1568539053627712     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Andersson, M. & Iwasa, Y. (1996). Sexual selection. - Trends Ecol. Evol. 11: 53-58.
2. Campbell, C.J. (2003). Female-directed aggression in free-ranging Ateles geoffroyi. - Int. J. Primatol. 24: 223-237.
3. Carlson, C.A. & Mayo, C.A. (1990). Changes in the ventral fluke pattern of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), and its effects on matching: evaluation of its significance to photo-identification research. Individual recognition of cetaceans: Use of photo-identification and other techniques to estimate population parameters. - Rep. Int. Whal. Comm. Special issue 12: 105-111.
4. Childerhouse, S.J. & Dawson, S.M. (1996). Stability of fluke marks used in individual photoidentification of male sperm whales at Kaikoura, New Zealand. - Mar. Mamm. Sci. 12: 447-451.
5. Clutton-Brock, T.H. & Parker, G.A. (1995). Sexual coercion in animal societies. - Anim. Behav. 49: 1345-1365.
6. Connor, R.C., Read, A.J. & Wrangham, R.W. (2000b). Male reproductive strategies and social bonds. - In: Cetacean societies: field studies of dolphins and whales (Mann, J., Connor, R.C., Tyack, P.L. & Whitehead, H., eds). The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, p. 247-269.
7. Connor, R.C., Richards, A.F., Smolker, R.A. & Mann, J. (1996). Patterns of female attractiveness in Indian Ocean bottlenose dolphins. - Behaviour 133: 37-69.
8. Connor, R.C. & Smolker, R. (1985). Habituated dolphins (Tursiops sp.) in Western Australia. - J. Mamm. 66: 298-400.
9. Connor, R.C., Smolker, R.A. & Richards, A.F. (1992a). Two levels of alliance formation among male bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops sp.). - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 987-990.
10. Connor, R.C., Smolker, R.A. & Richards, A.F. (1992b). Dolphin coalitions and alliances. - In: Coalitions and alliances in humans and other animals (Harcourt, A.H. & de Waal, F.B.M., eds). Oxford University Press, Oxford, p. 415-443.
11. Connor, R.C., Wells, R.S, Mann, J. & Read, A.J. (2000a). The bottlenose dolphin: social relationships in a fission-fusion society. - In: Cetacean societies: field studies of dolphins and whales (Mann, J., Connor, R.C., Tyack, P.L. & Whitehead, H., eds). The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, p. 91-126.
12. Connor, R.C. & Whitehead, H. (2005). Alliances II: Rates of encounter during resource utilization: A general model of intrasexual alliance formation in fission-fusion societies. - Anim. Behav. 69: 127-132.
13. Cox, C.R. & Le Boeuf, B.J. (1977). Female incitation of male competition: a mechanism in sexual selection. - Am. Nat. 111: 317-335.
14. Cunningham, E.J.A. & Birkhead, T.R. (1998). Sex roles and sexual selection. - Anim. Behav. 56: 1311-1321.
15. Dunn, D.G., Barco, S.G., Pabst, D.A. & McLellan, W.A. (2002). Evidence for infanticide in bottlenose dolphins of the Western North Atlantic. - J. Wildl. Dis. 38: 505-510.
16. Durban, J.W., Parsons, K.M., Claridge, D.E. & Balcomb, K.C. (2000). Quantifying dolphin occupancy patterns. - Mar. Mamm. Sci. 16: 825-828.
17. Geist, V. (1986). New evidence of high frequency of antler wounding in cervids. - Can. J. Zool. 64: 380-384.
18. George, J.C., Philo, L.M., Hazard, K., Withrow, D., Carroll, G.M. & Suydam, R. (1994). Frequency of killer-whale (Orcinus orca) attacks and ship collisions based on scarring on bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) off the Bering-Chukchi-Beafort Seas stock. - Arctic 47: 247-255.
19. Gerson, H.B. & Hickie, J.P. (1984). Head scarring on male narwhals (Monodon monoceros): evidence for aggressive tusk use. - Can. J. Zool. 63: 2083-2087.
20. Gill, A. & Fairbairns, R.S. (1995). Photo-identification of the minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) off the Isle of Mull, Scotland, UK. - In: Whales, seals, fish, and man (Blix, A.S., Walløe, L. & Ulltang, Ø., eds). Elsevier, Amsterdam, p. 129-132.
21. Goodall, J. (1986). The Chimpanzees of Gombe: Patterns of behavior. - Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
22. Gowans, S. & Whitehead, H. (2001). Photographic identification of northern bottlenose whales (Hyperoodon ampullatus): Sources of heterogeneity from natural marks. - Mar. Mamm. Sci. 17: 76-93.
23. Grellier, K., Hammond, P.S., Wilson, B., Sanders-Reed, C.A. & Thompson, P.M. (2003). Use of photo-identification data to quantify mother-calf association patterns in bottlenose dolphins. - Can. J. Zool. 81: 1421-1427.
24. Hammond, P.S., Mizroch, S.A. & Donovan, G.P. (1990). Report of the workshop on individual recognition and the estimation of cetacean population parameters. Individual recognition of cetaceans: Use of photo-identification and other techniques to estimate population parameters. - Rep. Int. Whal. Comm. Special Issue 12: 1-17.
25. Heithaus, M.R. (2001a). Shark attacks on bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) in Shark Bay, Western Australia: attack rate, bite scar frequencies, and attack seasonality. - Mar. Mamm. Sci. 17: 526-539.
26. Heithaus, M.R. (2001b). The biology of tiger sharks, Galeocerdo cuvier, in Shark Bay, Western Australia: sex ratio, size distribution, diet and seasonal changes in catch rates. - Environ. Biol. Fishes 61: 25-36.
27. Heyning, J.E. (1984). Functional morphology involved in intraspecific fighting of the beaked whales, Mesoplodon carlhubbsi. - Can. J. Zool. 62: 1645-1654.
28. Karczmarski, L. (1999). Group dynamics of humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) in the Algoa Bay region. - S. Afr. J. Zool. 249: 283-293.
29. Kato, H. (1984). Observation of tooth scars on the head of male sperm whales, as an indication of intra-sexual fighting. - Sci. Rep. Whales Res. Inst. 35: 39-46.
30. Le Boeuf, B.J. & Mesnick, S. (1990). Sexual behavior of male northern elephant seals: I. Lethal injuries to adult females. - Behaviour 116: 143-162.
31. Lockyer, C.H. & Morris, R.J. (1990). Some observations on wound healing and persistence of scars in Tursiops truncatus. Individual recognition of cetaceans: Use of photo-identification and other techniques to estimate population parameters. - Rep. Int. Whal. Comm. Special Issue 12: 113-118.
32. MacLeod, C.D. (1998). Intraspecific scarring in odontocete cetaceans: an indicator of male 'quality' in aggressive social interactions? - J. Zool. 244: 71-77.
33. Mann, J., Connor, R.C., Barre, L.M. & Heithaus, M.R. (2000). Female reproductive success in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops sp.): life history, habitat, provisioning, and group size effects. - Behav. Ecol. 11: 210-219.
34. Mann, J. & Kemps, C. (2003). The effects of provisioning on maternal care in wild bottlenose dolphins, Shark Bay, Australia. - In: Marine mammals: fisheries, tourism and management issues (Gales, N., Hindell, M. & Kirkwood, R., eds). CSIRO Publishing, p. 304-320.
35. Mann, J. & Sargeant, B.L. (2003). Like mother, like calf: The ontogeny of foraging traditions in wild Indian Ocean bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops sp.). - In: The biology of traditions: models and evidence (Fragaszy, D. & Perry, S., eds). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 236-266.
36. Mann, J. & Smuts, B.B. (1999). Behavioral development in wild bottlenose dolphin newborns (Tursiops sp.). - Behaviour 136: 529-566.
37. Mann, J. & Watson-Capps, J.J. (2005). Surviving at sea: Ecological and behavioral predictors of calf mortality in Indian Ocean bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops sp.). - Anim. Behav.
38. McCann, C. (1974). Body scarring on cetacea-odontocetes. - Sci. Rep. Whales Res. Inst. 26: 145-155.
39. Owen, E.C.G., Wells, R.S. & Hofmann, S. (2002). Ranging and association patterns of paired and unpaired adult male Atlantic bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus, in Sarasota, Florida, provide no evidence for alternative male strategies. - Can. J. Zool. 80: 2072-2089.
40. Patterson, I.A.P., Reid, R.J., Wilson, B., Grellier, K., Ross, R.J. & Thompson, P.M. (1998). Evidence for infanticide in bottlenose dolphins: an explanation for violent interactions with harbour porpoises? - Proc. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. B: Biol. Sci. 265: 1167-1170.
41. Rogers, T.L. & Bryden, M.M. (1997). Density and haul-out behavior of leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) in Prydz Bay, Antarctica. - Mar. Mamm. Sci. 13: 293-302.
42. Samuels, A. & Gifford, T. (1997). A quantitative assessment of dominance relations among bottlenose dolphins. - Mar. Mamm. Sci. 13: 70-99.
43. Sears, R.J., Williamson, M., Wenzel, F.W., Berube, M., Gendron, D. & Jones, P. (1990). Photographic identification of the blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada. Individual recognition of cetaceans: use of photo-identification and other techniques to estimate population parameters. - Rep. Int. Whal. Comm. Special Issue 12: 335-342.
44. Slooten, E., Fletcher, D. & Taylor, B.L. (2000). Accounting for uncertainty in risk assessment: case study of Hector's dolphin mortality due to gillnet entanglement. - Conserv. Biol. 14: 1264-1270.
45. Smolker, R.A., Richards, A.F., Connor, R.C. & Pepper, J.W. (1992). Sex differences in patterns of associations among Indian Ocean bottlenose dolphins. - Behaviour 123: 38-69.
46. Smuts, B.B. & Smuts, R.W. (1993). Male aggression and sexual coercion of females in nonhuman primates and other mammals: evidence and theoretical implications. - Adv. Study Behav. 22: 1-63.
47. Soltis, J., Mitsunaga, F., Shimizu, K., Yanagihara, Y. & Nozaki, M. (1997). Sexual selection in Japanese macaques I: Female mate choice or male sexual coercion? - Anim. Behav. 54: 725-736.
48. Staub, N.L. (1993). Intraspecific agonistic behavior of the salamander Aneides flavipunctatus (Amphibia, Plethodontidae) with comparisons to other plethodontid species. - Herpetologica 49: 271-282.
49. Sterck, E.H.M., Watts, D.P. & van Schaik, C.P. (1997). The evolution of female social relationships in nonhuman primates. - Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 41: 291-309.
50. Symington, M.M. (1987). Sex ratio and maternal rank in wild spider monkeys: When daughters disperse. - Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 20: 421-425.
51. Watts, D.P. (1998). Coalitionary mate guarding by male chimpanzees at Ngogo, Kibale National Park, Uganda. - Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 44: 43-55.
52. Weaver, A. (2003). Conflict and reconciliation in captive bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus. - Mar. Mamm. Sci. 19: 836-846.
53. Wells, R.S. & Scott, M.D. (1997). Seasonal incidence of boat strikes on bottlenose dolphins near Sarasota, Florida. - Mar. Mamm. Sci. 17: 673-688.
54. Whitehead, H. (1990). Assessing sperm whale populations using natural markings: recent progress. Individual recognition of cetaceans: Use of photo-identification and other techniques to estimate population parameters. - Rep. Int. Whal. Comm. Special Issue 12: 377-382.
55. Wilson, B., Thompson, P.M. & Hammond, P.S. (1997). Habitat use by bottlenose dolphins: Seasonal distribution and stratified movement patterns in the Moray Firth, Scotland. - J. Appl. Ecol. 34: 1365-1374.
56. Würsig, B. & Jefferson, S.M. (1990). Methods of photo-identification for small cetaceans, Tursiops truncatus. Individual recognition of cetaceans: Use of photo-identification and other techniques to estimate population parameters. - Rep. Int. Whal. Comm. Special Issue 12: 43-52.
57. Würsig, B. & Würsig, M. (1977). The photographic determination of group size, composition and stability of coastal porpoises (Tursiops truncatus). - Science 198: 755-756.