Pitavastatin: A New 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase inhibitor for the treatment of hyperlipidemia

Advances in Therapy

Volumn 28, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 13-27

  Baker, William L ^a,b   Datta, Rupangi ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT   (United States)

Author keywords

HMG CoA reductase inhibitor; hypercholesterolemia; hyperlipidemia; pitavastatin; statin

Indexed keywords

ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; APOLIPOPROTEIN B; ATORVASTATIN; CERIVASTATIN; CLARITHROMYCIN; CYCLOSPORIN; CYTOCHROME P450; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; ERYTHROMYCIN; EZETIMIBE; FENOFIBRATE; FIBRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; FLUINDOSTATIN; GEMFIBROZIL; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; ICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; INDINAVIR; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; MEVINOLIN; NITRIC OXIDE; PITAVASTATIN; PLACEBO; PRAVASTATIN; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; RIFAMPICIN; ROSUVASTATIN; SIMVASTATIN;

ABDOMINAL PAIN; ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; AREA UNDER THE CURVE; BACKACHE; CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS; CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; CONSTIPATION; DIARRHEA; DIZZINESS; DRUG APPROVAL; DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG COST; DRUG DISTRIBUTION; DRUG DOSE INCREASE; DRUG DOSE REDUCTION; DRUG DOSE TITRATION; DRUG ELIMINATION; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG POTENTIATION; DRUG STRUCTURE; DRUG UPTAKE; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; DYSLIPIDEMIA; ENZYME INHIBITION; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; LIVER CELL; MAXIMUM PLASMA CONCENTRATION; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MONOTHERAPY; MYOPATHY; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; NONHUMAN; PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITION; REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS; TIME TO MAXIMUM PLASMA CONCENTRATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; COMORBIDITY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DRUG INTERACTIONS; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; HYPERLIPIDEMIAS; QUINOLINES; RENAL INSUFFICIENCY, CHRONIC;

EID: 79952535342     PISSN: 0741238X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12325-010-0092-8     Document Type: Review

References (76)

1. P. Thavendiranathan A. Bagai M.A. Brookhart N.K. Choudhry 2006 Primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases with statin therapy. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Arch Intern Med 166 2307 2313 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2sXhtFGgtQ%3D%3D 10.1001/archinte.166.21.2307 17130382 (Pubitemid 44833354)
2. Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study Group. 1994 Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvaastatin Survival Study (4S) Lancet 344 1383 1389
3. J. Shepherd G. Blauw M. Murphy, et al. 2002 Pravastatin in elderly individuals at risk of vascular disease (PROSPER): a randomized controlled trial Lancet 360 1623 1630 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XovFegt7o%3D 10.1016/S0140-6736(02) 11600-X 12457784 (Pubitemid 35379733)
4. E.J. Mills B. Rachlis P. Wu, et al. 2008 Primary prevention of cardiovascular mortality and events with statin treatments. A network meta-analysis involving more than 65,000 patients J Am Coll Cardiol 52 1769 1781 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhsVWht7jE 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.08.039 19022156
5. T.R. Pedersen O. Facrgeman J.J.P. Kastelein, et al. 2005 High-dose atorvastatin vs usual-dose simvastatin for secondary prevention after myocardial infarction. The IDEAL study: a randomized controlled trial JAMA 294 2437 2445 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht1aku7jK 10.1001/jama.294.19.2437 16287954 (Pubitemid 41627921)
6. C.P. Cannon D. Braunwald C.H. McCabe, et al. 2004 Intensive versus moderate lipid lowering with statins after acute coronary syndromes N Engl J Med 350 1495 1504 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXjtVeqtr8%3D 10.1056/NEJMoa040583 15007110 (Pubitemid 38477774)
7. K. Josan S.R. Majumdar F.A. McAlister 2008 The efficacy and safety of intensive statin therapy: a meta-analysis of randomized trials CMAJ 178 576 584 18299547 (Pubitemid 351414005)
8. Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' 2005 Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins Lancet 366 1267 1278 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67394-1 (Pubitemid 41416582)
9. J.G. Robinson S. Wang B.J. Smith T.A. Jacobson 2009 Meta-analysis of the relationship between nonhigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction and coronary heart disease risk J Am Coll Cardiol 53 316 322 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD1MXhtVCltLY%3D 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.10.024 19161879
10. National Cholesterol Education Panel. 2002 Third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III): final report Circulation 106 3143 3421
11. S.M. Grundy J.I. Cleeman C.N.B. Merz, et al. 2004 Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines Circulation 110 227 239 10.1161/01.CIR.0000133317.49796.0E 15249516 (Pubitemid 38924592)
12. J.D. Brunzell M. Davidson C.D. Furberg, et al. 2008 Lipoprotein management in patients with cardiometabolic risk: consensus conference report from the American Diabetes Association and the American College of Cardiology Foundation J Am Coll Cardiol 51 1512 1524 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.02.034 18402913 (Pubitemid 351470037)
13. J. Armitage 2007 The safety of statins in clinical practice Lancet 370 1781 1790 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtlCrtLnM 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60716-8 17559928 (Pubitemid 350137473)
14. T.R. Joy R.A. Hegele 2009 Narrative review: statin-related myopathy Ann Intern Med 150 858 868 19528564
15. K. Kotseva M. Stagmo D. De Bacquer, et al. 2008 Treatment potential for cholesterol management in patients with heart disease in 15 European countries: findings from the EUROASPIRE II survey Atherosclerosis 197 710 717 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXktFCktr8%3D 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.07.004 17765905 (Pubitemid 351417868)
16. Livalo (pitavastatin) product information. Montgomery, AL: Kowa Pharmaceuticals America, Inc.; 2010.
17. T. Aoki H. Nishimura S. Nakagawa, et al. 1997 Pharmacologic profile of a novel synthetic inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase Arzneim Forsch 47 904 909 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXlsVSjtbY%3D (Pubitemid 27357013)
18. M. Acemoglu A. Brodbeck A. Garcia, et al. 2007 A new and efficient synthesis of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor pitavastatin Helv Chim Acta 90 1069 1081 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXnvVWlt7w%3D 10.1002/hlca.200790106 (Pubitemid 47051320)
19. T. Hayashi K. Yohote Y. Saito A. Iguchi 2007 Pitavastatin: efficacy and safety in intensive lipid lowering Expert Opin Pharmacother 8 2315 2327 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtFeqtrnO 10.1517/14656566.8.14.2315 17927486 (Pubitemid 350001592)
20. S. Morikawa M. Umetani S. Nakagawa, et al. 2000 Relative induction of mRNA for HMG CoA reductase and LDL receptor by five different HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in cultured human cells J Atheroscler Thromb 7 138 144 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXktlelsLk%3D 11480454
21. H. Suzuki T. Aoki T. Tamaki, et al. 1999 Hypolipidemic effect of NK-104, a potent HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, in guinea pigs Atherosclerosis 146 259 270 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXls12hurw%3D 10.1016/S0021-9150(99)00146-X 10532682 (Pubitemid 29418057)
22. T. Yanagita E. Hara H. Yotsumoto, et al. 1999 NK-104 a potent new 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, enhances posttranslational catabolism of apolipoprotein B-100 and inhibits secretion of apolipoprotein B-100 and triacylglycerols from HepG2 cells Curr Therap Res 60 423 434 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmsVGjtLw%3D 10.1016/S0011-393X(99)80021-6 (Pubitemid 29402500)
23. T. Yokoyama K. Miyauchi T. Kurata, et al. 2004 Inhibitory efficacy of pitavastatin on the early inflammatory response and neointimal thickening in a porcine coronary after stenting Atherosclerosis 174 253 259 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2cXjvVKjsrw%3D 15136055 (Pubitemid 38597082)
24. M. Hiraoka M. Yoshida 2003 A novel HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, pitavastatin inhibits IL-6-induced CRP in liver cells via ERK 1/2-dependent but not STAT3-dependent signaling transduction Circ J 67 suppl.1 271
25. T. Hayashi P. Rani A. Fukatsu, et al. 2004 A new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, pitavastatin remarkably retards the progression of high cholesterol induced atherosclerosis in rabbits Atherosclerosis 176 255 263 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXnslGgsbc%3D 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2003.12.034 15380447 (Pubitemid 39369514)
26. J. Wang T. Tokoro K. Matsui, et al. 2005 Pitavastatin at low dose activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase through PI3K-AKT pathway in endothelial cells Life Sci 76 2257 2268 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhslejsr0%3D 10.1016/j.lfs.2004.12.003 15733940 (Pubitemid 40283650)
27. K. Maeda K. Yasunari E. Sato, et al. 2005 Enhanced oxidative stress in neutrophils from hyperlipidemic guinea pig Atherosclerosis 181 87 92 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXltFWjtr0%3D 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2004.12.044 15939058 (Pubitemid 40804697)
28. M. Kohno K. Shinomiya S. Abe, et al. 2002 Inhibition of migration and proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells by a new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, pitavastatin Hypertens Res 25 279 285 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XktlOgsbY%3D 10.1291/hypres.25.279 12047044 (Pubitemid 34464458)
29. R.A. Markle J. Han B.D. Summers, et al. 2003 Pitavastatin alters the expression of thrombotic and fibrinolytic proteins in human vascular cells J Cell Biochem 90 23 32 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXnsVGiur0%3D 10.1002/jcb.10602 12938153 (Pubitemid 37052306)
30. K. Masamura K. Oida H. Kanehara, et al. 2003 Pitavastatin-induced thrombomodulin expression by endothelial cells acts via inhibition of small G proteins of the Rho family Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 23 512 517 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhslWhsbg%3D 10.1161/01.ATV.0000060461.64771.F0 12615662 (Pubitemid 36337231)
31. H. Fujino I. Yamada S. Shimada, et al. 2003 Metabolic fate of pitavastatin, a new inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase: human UDP- glucuronosyltransferase enzymes involved in lactonization Xenobiotica 33 27 41 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXit1Cntw%3D%3D 10.1080/0049825021000017957 12519692 (Pubitemid 36071761)
32. S. Shimada H. Fujino J. Hojima, et al. 2003 Uptake mechanism of pitavastatin, a new inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, in rat hepatocytes Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 18 245 251 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtVSrtA%3D%3D 10.2133/dmpk.18.245 15618742
33. M. Hirano K. Maeda Y. Shitara, et al. 2004 Contribution of OATP2 (OATP1B1) and OATP8 (OATP1B3) to the hepatic uptake of pitavastatin in humans J Pharmacol Exp Ther 311 139 146 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXosVKrtrg%3D 10.1124/jpet.104.068056 15159445 (Pubitemid 39287793)
34. T. Hasanuma M. Nakamura T. Yaji, et al. 2003 The drug-drug interactions of pitavastatin (NK-104), a novel HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and cyclosporine J Clin Therap Med 19 381 389
35. Lovastatin product information. Princeton, NJ: Sandoz Inc.; 2007.
36. Lipitor (atorvastatin) product information. New York, NY: Pfizer; 2009.
37. Crestor (rosuvastatin) product information. Wilmington, DE: AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP; 2010.
38. Simvastatin product information. Dayton, NJ: Aurobindo Pharma USA, Inc.; 2008.
39. Pravastatin product information. Sellersville, PA: Teva Pharmaceuticals USA; 2009.
40. Lescol (fluvastatin) product information. East Hanover, NJ: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; 2006.
41. C.K. Hui M.Y. Cheung G.K.K. Lau, et al. 2004 Pharmacokinetics of pitavastatin in subjects with Child-Pugh A and B cirrhosis Br J Clin Pharmacol 59 291 297 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2004.02251.x
42. K. Kajinami J. Koizumi K. Ueda, et al. 2000 Effects of NK-104, a new hydroxymethylglutarylcoenzyme reductase inhibitor, on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia Am J Cardiol 85 175 183 10.1016/S0002-9149(99)00656-6 (Pubitemid 30026098)
43. Y. Noji T. Higashikata A. Inazu, et al. 2002 Long-term treatment with pitavastatin (NK-104), a new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, of patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia Atherosclerosis 163 157 164 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XktFOns7s%3D 10.1016/S0021-9150(01)00765-1 12048134 (Pubitemid 34615738)
44. Y. Saito N. Yamada T. Teramoto, et al. 2002 Clinical efficacy of pitavastatin, a new 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, in patients with hyperlipidemia Drug Res 52 251 255 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD38XjvFejt74%3D
45. H. Koshiyama A. Taniguchi K. Tanaka, et al. 2008 Effects of pitavastatin on lipid profiles and high-sensitivity CRP in Japanese subjects with hypercholesterolemia: Kansai Investigation of Statin for Hyperlipidemic Intervention in Metabolism and Endocrinology (KISHIMEN) Investigators J Atheroscler Thromb 15 345 350 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsFCgtb0%3D 19075492
46. Y. Saito N. Yamada T. Teramoto, et al. 2002 A randomized, double-blind trial comparing the efficacy and safety of pitavastatin versus Pravastatin in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia Atherosclerosis 132 373 379 10.1016/S0021-9150(01)00712-2 (Pubitemid 34457943)
47. S. Park H.J. Kang S.J. Rim, et al. 2005 A randomized, open-label study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pitavastatin compared with simvastatin in Korean patients with hypercholesterolemia Clin Ther 27 1074 1082 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVWls7nK 10.1016/j.clinthera.2005.07.007 16154486 (Pubitemid 41262465)
48. Y. Yoshitomi T. Ishii M. Kaneki, et al. 2006 Efficacy of a low dose of pitavastatin compared with atorvastatin in primary hyperlipidemia: results of a 12-week, open label study J Atheroscler Thromb 13 108 113 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD28XnvVyrsrg%3D 16733299
49. S.H. Lee N. Chung J. Kwan, et al. 2007 Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of pitavastatin and atorvastatin: an 8-week, multicenter, randomized, open-label, dose-titration study in Korean patients with hypercholesterolemia Clin Ther 29 2365 2373 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtVKjtbs%3D 10.1016/j.clinthera.2007.11.002 18158077 (Pubitemid 350298122)
50. K. Yokote H. Bujo H. Hanaoka, et al. 2008 Multicenter collaborative randomized parallel group comparative study of pitavastatin and atorvastatin in Japanese hypercholesterolemic patients Collaborative study on Hypercholesterolemia drug Intervention and their Benefits for Atherosclerosis prevention (CHIBA study) Atherosclerosis 201 345 335 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD1cXhsVGgsb7J 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.02.008 18472103
51. J. Sasaki Y. Ikeda T. Kuribayashi, et al. 2008 A 52-week, randomized, open-label, parallel-group comparison of the tolerability and effects of pitavastatin and atorvastatin on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and glucose metabolism in Japanese patients with elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose intolerance Clin Ther 30 1089 1101 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtVWltL3J 10.1016/j.clinthera.2008.05.017 18640465 (Pubitemid 351978115)
52. D. Budinski V. Arneson N. Hounslow, et al. 2009 Pitavastatin compared with atorvastatin in primary hypercholesterolemia or combined dyslipidemia Clin Lipidol 4 291 302 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXmtlKnu7g%3D 10.2217/clp.09.20
53. N. Sansanayudh S. Wongwiwatthananukit P. Putwai, et al. 2010 Comparative efficacy and safety of low-dose pitavastatin versus atorvastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia Ann Pharmacother 44 507 514 10.1345/aph.1M522
54. H. Takashima Y. Ozaki T. Yasukawa, et al. 2007 Impact of lipid-lowering therapy with pitavastatin, a new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, on regression of coronary atherosclerotic plaque: a 3-dimensional intravascular ultrasound study Circ J 71 1678 1684 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtlGru7rN 10.1253/circj.71.1678 17965484 (Pubitemid 350240085)
55. T. Nakamura J. Obata Y. Kitta, et al. 2008 Rapid stabilization of vulnerable carotid plaque within 1 month of pitavastatin treatment in patients with acute coronary syndrome J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 51 365 371 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXltVWgu70%3D 10.1097/FJC.0b013e318165dcad 18427279 (Pubitemid 351572235)
56. T. Toi I. Taguchi S. Yoneda, et al. 2009 Early effect of lipid-lowering therapy with pitavastatin on regression of coronary atherosclerotic plaque: comparison with atorvastatin Circ J 73 1466 1472 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtVeisb%2FF 10.1253/circj.CJ-08-1051 19531899
57. K. Miyauchi T. Kimura T. Morimoto, et al. 2006 Japan Assessment of Pitavastatin and Atorvastatin in Acute Coronary Syndrome (JAPAN-ACS): rationale and design Circ J 70 1624 1628 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtVahtg%3D%3D 10.1253/circj.70.1624 17127811 (Pubitemid 44819881)
58. T. Hiro T. Kimura T. Morimoto, et al. 2009 Effect of intensive statin therapy on regression of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a multicenter randomized trial evaluated by volumetric intravascular ultrasound using pitavastatin versus atorvastatin (JAPAN-ACS) J Am Coll Cardiol 54 293 302 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.04.033 19608026
59. H. Sone A. Takahashi H. Shimano, et al. 2002 HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor decreases small dense low-density lipoprotein and remnant-like particle cholesterol in patients with type-2 diabetes Life Sci 71 2403 2412 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XmvVansL8%3D 10.1016/S0024-3205(02)02038-6 12231401 (Pubitemid 35264612)
60. T. Motomura M. Okamoto T. Kitamura, et al. 2009 Effects of pitavastatin on serum lipids and high sensitivity C-reactive protein in type 2 diabetic patients J Atheroscler Thromb 16 546 552 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsV2jtr3L 19729863
61. T. Hiro T. Kimura T. Morimoto, et al. 2010 Diabetes mellitus is a major negative determinant of coronary plaque regression during statin therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome: serial intravascular ultrasound observations from the JAPAN-ACS trial Circ J 72 1165 1172 10.1253/circj.CJ-09- 0766
62. A. Tokuno T. Hirano T. Hayashi, et al. 2007 The effects of statin and fibrate on lowering small dense LDL-cholesterol in hyperlipidemic patients with type 2 diabetes J Atheroscler Thromb 14 128 132 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXot1Krsrc%3D 17587764
63. S. Nomura N. Inami A. Shouzu, et al. 2009 The effects of pitavastatin, eicosapentaenoic acid and combined therapy on platelet-derived microparticles and adiponectin in hyperlipidemic, diabetic patients Platelets 20 16 22 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtVCmsrk%3D 10.1080/09537100802409921 19172517
64. K. Kimura H. Shimano K. Yokote, et al. 2010 Effects of pitavastatin (LIVALO Tablet) on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in hypercholesterolemic patients with chronic kidney disease: sub-analysis of the LIVALO Effectiveness and Safety (LIVES) study J Atheroscler Thromb 17 601 609 20460830
65. T. Nakamura E. Sato N. Fujiwara, et al. 2010 Co-administration of ezetimibe enhances proteinuria-lowering effects of pitavastatin in chronic kidney disease patients partly via a cholesterol-independent manner Pharmacol Res 61 58 61 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXotlyn 10.1016/j.phrs.2009.07.011 19666118
66. L. Ose D. Budinski N. Hounslow, et al. 2010 Long-term treatment with pitavastatin is effective and well tolerated by patients with primary hypercholesterolemia or combined dyslipidemia Atherosclerosis 210 202 208 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXlsFOgtbo%3D 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.12.009 20080236
67. M. Kobayashi I. Chisaki K. Narumi, et al. 2008 Association between risk of myopathy and cholesterol-lowering effect: a comparison of all statins Life Sciences 82 969 975 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXks12kt70%3D 10.1016/j.lfs.2008.02.019 18402982
68. W.L. Baker R. Talati C.M. White, et al. 2010 Differing effect of statins on insulin sensitivity in non-diabetics: a systematic review and meta-analysis Diabetes Res Clin Pract 87 98 107 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXntVaquw%3D%3D 10.1016/j.diabres.2009.10.008 19913318
69. T. Kawai M. Tokui O. Funae, et al. 2005 Efficacy of pitavastatin, a new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, on lipid and glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes Diabetes Care 28 2980 2981 10.2337/diacare.28.12.2980-a 16306567 (Pubitemid 43942938)
70. M. Hirano K. Maeda Y. Shitara, et al. 2006 Drug-drug interaction between pitavastatin and various drugs via OATP1B1 Drug Metab Disp 34 1229 1236 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XmsVKqsb4%3D 10.1124/dmd.106.009290
71. C.I. Choi J.W. Bae S.M. Moon, et al. 2009 Effects of clarithromycin on the pharmacokinetics of pitavastatin Basic Clin Pharmacol Tox 105 suppl.1 70
72. H. Fujino I. Yamada S. Shimada, et al. 2003 Interaction between fibrates and statins: metabolic interactions with gemfibrozil Drug Metab Drug Int 19 161 176 (Pubitemid 37505160)
73. H. Fujino T. Saito Y. Tsunenari, et al. 2004 Effect of gemfibrozil on the metabolism of pitavastatin: determining the best animal model for human CYP and UGT activities Drug Metab Drug Int 20 25 42 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXms1eitbw%3D (Pubitemid 38943446)
74. P. Mathew T. Cuddy W.G. Tracewell, et al. 2004 An open-label study on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of pitavastatin (NK-104) when administered concomitantly with fenofibrate or gemfibrozil in healthy volunteers Clin Pharmacol Ther 75 P33 10.1016/j.clpt.2003.11.125
75. H. Ando S. Tsuruoka H. Yanagihara, et al. 2005 Effects of grapefruit juice on the pharmacokinetics of pitavastatin and atorvastatin Br J Clin Pharmacol 60 494 497 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht1Ojt7bN 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005. 02462.x 16236039 (Pubitemid 41532449)
76. W.L.V. Mak M. Hu Q. Yin, et al. 2008 Interaction of pitavastatin with grapefruit juice in subjects with different efflux transporter BRCP ABCG2 421C>A genotypes Int J Cardiol 125 suppl.1 S59 10.1016/S0167-5273(08)70238-9