메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 50-55

The ghrelin O-acyltransferase-ghrelin system: A novel regulator of glucose metabolism

Author keywords

Des acyl ghrelin; ghrelin; ghrelin O acyltransferase; glucose; insulin

Indexed keywords

ADENYLATE KINASE; GHRELIN; GHRELIN O ACYLTRANSFERASE; INSULIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNCOUPLING PROTEIN 2;

EID: 78650829752     PISSN: 1752296X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MED.0b013e328341e1d3     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (37)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 0033540056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach
    • Kojima M, Hosoda H, Date Y, et al. Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach. Nature 1999; 402:656-660.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.402 , pp. 656-660
    • Kojima, M.1    Hosoda, H.2    Date, Y.3
  • 2
    • 0034687376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin induces adiposity in rodents
    • Tschop M, Smiley DL, Heiman ML. Ghrelin induces adiposity in rodents. Nature 2000; 407:908-913.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.407 , pp. 908-913
    • Tschop, M.1    Smiley, D.L.2    Heiman, M.L.3
  • 3
    • 0346949031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural divergence of human ghrelin. Identification of multiple ghrelin-derived molecules produced by posttranslational processing
    • Hosoda H, Kojima M, Mizushima T, et al. Structural divergence of human ghrelin. Identification of multiple ghrelin-derived molecules produced by posttranslational processing. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:64-70.
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 64-70
    • Hosoda, H.1    Kojima, M.2    Mizushima, T.3
  • 4
    • 0034731310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin: Two major forms of rat ghrelin peptide in gastrointestinal tissue
    • Hosoda H, Kojima M, Matsuo H, Kangawa K. Ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin: two major forms of rat ghrelin peptide in gastrointestinal tissue. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 279:909-913.
    • (2000) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.279 , pp. 909-913
    • Hosoda, H.1    Kojima, M.2    Matsuo, H.3    Kangawa, K.4
  • 5
    • 20244366719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ingested medium-chain fatty acids are directly utilized for the acyl modification of ghrelin
    • Nishi Y, Hiejima H, Hosoda H, et al. Ingested medium-chain fatty acids are directly utilized for the acyl modification of ghrelin. Endocrinology 2005; 146:2255-2264.
    • (2005) Endocrinology , vol.146 , pp. 2255-2264
    • Nishi, Y.1    Hiejima, H.2    Hosoda, H.3
  • 7
    • 38849090670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of the acyltransferase that octanoylates ghrelin, an appetite-stimulating peptide hormone
    • Yang J, Brown MS, Liang G, et al. Identification of the acyltransferase that octanoylates ghrelin, an appetite-stimulating peptide hormone. Cell 2008; 132:387-396.
    • (2008) Cell , vol.132 , pp. 387-396
    • Yang, J.1    Brown, M.S.2    Liang, G.3
  • 8
    • 0034676324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure-function studies on the new growth hormone-releasing peptide, ghrelin: Minimal sequence of ghrelin necessary for activation of growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a
    • Bednarek MA, Feighner SD, Pong SS, et al. Structure-function studies on the new growth hormone-releasing peptide, ghrelin: minimal sequence of ghrelin necessary for activation of growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a. J Med Chem 2000; 43:4370-4376.
    • (2000) J Med Chem , vol.43 , pp. 4370-4376
    • Bednarek, M.A.1    Feighner, S.D.2    Pong, S.S.3
  • 9
    • 0033711116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The novel hypothalamic peptide ghrelin stimulates food intake and growth hormone secretion
    • Wren AM, Small CJ, Ward HL, et al. The novel hypothalamic peptide ghrelin stimulates food intake and growth hormone secretion. Endocrinology 2000; 141:4325-4328.
    • (2000) Endocrinology , vol.141 , pp. 4325-4328
    • Wren, A.M.1    Small, C.J.2    Ward, H.L.3
  • 10
    • 0035843183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for ghrelin in the central regulation of feeding
    • Nakazato M, Murakami N, Date Y, et al. A role for ghrelin in the central regulation of feeding. Nature 2001; 409:194-198.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.409 , pp. 194-198
    • Nakazato, M.1    Murakami, N.2    Date, Y.3
  • 11
    • 43249089526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel ghrelin assays provide evidence for independent regulation of ghrelin acylation and secretion in healthy young men
    • Liu J, Prudom CE, Nass R, et al. Novel ghrelin assays provide evidence for independent regulation of ghrelin acylation and secretion in healthy young men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93:1980-1987.
    • (2008) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.93 , pp. 1980-1987
    • Liu, J.1    Prudom, C.E.2    Nass, R.3
  • 12
    • 19944400070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphological analysis of ghrelin and its receptor distribution in the rat pancreas
    • Kageyama H, Funahashi H, Hirayama M, et al. Morphological analysis of ghrelin and its receptor distribution in the rat pancreas. Regul Pept 2005; 126:67-71.
    • (2005) Regul Pept , vol.126 , pp. 67-71
    • Kageyama, H.1    Funahashi, H.2    Hirayama, M.3
  • 13
    • 9444264700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endogenous ghrelin in pancreatic islets restricts insulin release by attenuating Ca2+ signaling in beta-cells: Implication in the glycemic control in rodents
    • Dezaki K, Hosoda H, Kakei M, et al. Endogenous ghrelin in pancreatic islets restricts insulin release by attenuating Ca2+ signaling in beta-cells: implication in the glycemic control in rodents. Diabetes 2004; 53:3142-3151.
    • (2004) Diabetes , vol.53 , pp. 3142-3151
    • Dezaki, K.1    Hosoda, H.2    Kakei, M.3
  • 14
    • 0036097362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin is present in pancreatic alpha-cells of humans and rats and stimulates insulin secretion
    • Date Y, Nakazato M, Hashiguchi S, et al. Ghrelin is present in pancreatic alpha-cells of humans and rats and stimulates insulin secretion. Diabetes 2002; 51:124-129.
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 124-129
    • Date, Y.1    Nakazato, M.2    Hashiguchi, S.3
  • 15
    • 0036959760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of ghrelin and of the GH secretagogue receptor by pancreatic islet cells and related endocrine tumors
    • Volante M, Allia E, Gugliotta P, et al. Expression of ghrelin and of the GH secretagogue receptor by pancreatic islet cells and related endocrine tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002; 87:1300-1308.
    • (2002) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.87 , pp. 1300-1308
    • Volante, M.1    Allia, E.2    Gugliotta, P.3
  • 16
    • 38149098503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proghrelin-derived peptides influence the secretion of insulin, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide and somatostatin: A study on isolated islets from mouse and rat pancreas
    • Qader SS, Hakanson R, Rehfeld JF, et al. Proghrelin-derived peptides influence the secretion of insulin, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide and somatostatin: a study on isolated islets from mouse and rat pancreas. Regul Pept 2008; 146:230-237.
    • (2008) Regul Pept , vol.146 , pp. 230-237
    • Qader, S.S.1    Hakanson, R.2    Rehfeld, J.F.3
  • 17
    • 0042626304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of ghrelin and other neuropeptides (CART, MCH, orexin A and B, and GLP-1) on the release of insulin from isolated rat islets
    • Colombo M, Gregersen S, Xiao J, Hermansen K. Effects of ghrelin and other neuropeptides (CART, MCH, orexin A and B, and GLP-1) on the release of insulin from isolated rat islets. Pancreas 2003; 27:161-166.
    • (2003) Pancreas , vol.27 , pp. 161-166
    • Colombo, M.1    Gregersen, S.2    Xiao, J.3    Hermansen, K.4
  • 18
    • 1242318803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin is expressed in a novel endocrine cell type in developing rat islets and inhibits insulin secretion from INS-1 (832/ 13) cells
    • Wierup N, Yang S, McEvilly RJ, et al.Ghrelin is expressed in a novel endocrine cell type in developing rat islets and inhibits insulin secretion from INS-1 (832/ 13) cells. J Histochem Cytochem 2004; 52:301-310.
    • (2004) J Histochem Cytochem , vol.52 , pp. 301-310
    • Wierup, N.1    Yang, S.2    McEvilly, R.J.3
  • 19
    • 0242330291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High constitutive signaling of the ghrelin receptor: Identification of a potent inverse agonist
    • Holst B, Cygankiewicz A, Jensen TH, et al. High constitutive signaling of the ghrelin receptor: identification of a potent inverse agonist. Mol Endocrinol 2003; 17:2201-2210.
    • (2003) Mol Endocrinol , vol.17 , pp. 2201-2210
    • Holst, B.1    Cygankiewicz, A.2    Jensen, T.H.3
  • 20
    • 11144225093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common structural basis for constitutive activity of the ghrelin receptor family
    • Holst B, Holliday ND, Bach A, et al. Common structural basis for constitutive activity of the ghrelin receptor family. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:53806-53817.
    • (2004) J Biol Chem , vol.279 , pp. 53806-53817
    • Holst, B.1    Holliday, N.D.2    Bach, A.3
  • 21
    • 70350291952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo characterization of high basal signaling from the ghrelin receptor
    • Petersen PS, Woldbye DP, Madsen AN, et al. In vivo characterization of high basal signaling from the ghrelin receptor. Endocrinology 2009; 150:4920-4930.
    • (2009) Endocrinology , vol.150 , pp. 4920-4930
    • Petersen, P.S.1    Woldbye, D.P.2    Madsen, A.N.3
  • 22
    • 33845534952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blockade of pancreatic islet-derived ghrelin enhances insulin secretion to prevent high-fat diet-induced glucose intolerance
    • Dezaki K, Sone H, Koizumi M, et al. Blockade of pancreatic islet-derived ghrelin enhances insulin secretion to prevent high-fat diet-induced glucose intolerance. Diabetes 2006; 55:3486-3493.
    • (2006) Diabetes , vol.55 , pp. 3486-3493
    • Dezaki, K.1    Sone, H.2    Koizumi, M.3
  • 23
    • 0036141195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin, a new gastrointestinal endocrine peptide that stimulates insulin secretion: Enteric distribution, ontogeny, influence of endocrine, and dietary manipulations
    • Lee HM, Wang G, Englander EW, et al. Ghrelin, a new gastrointestinal endocrine peptide that stimulates insulin secretion: enteric distribution, ontogeny, influence of endocrine, and dietary manipulations. Endocrinology 2002; 143:185-190.
    • (2002) Endocrinology , vol.143 , pp. 185-190
    • Lee, H.M.1    Wang, G.2    Englander, E.W.3
  • 24
    • 0037372044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-dependent inhibition by ghrelin of insulin secretion in the mouse
    • Reimer MK, Pacini G, Ahren B. Dose-dependent inhibition by ghrelin of insulin secretion in the mouse. Endocrinology 2003; 144:916-921.
    • (2003) Endocrinology , vol.144 , pp. 916-921
    • Reimer, M.K.1    Pacini, G.2    Ahren, B.3
  • 25
    • 44649093801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin infused into the portal vein inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in Wistar rats
    • Cui C, Ohnuma H, Daimon M, et al. Ghrelin infused into the portal vein inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in Wistar rats. Peptides 2008; 29: 1241-1246.
    • (2008) Peptides , vol.29 , pp. 1241-1246
    • Cui, C.1    Ohnuma, H.2    Daimon, M.3
  • 26
    • 33646141847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ablation of ghrelin improves the diabetic but not obese phenotype of ob/ob mice
    • Sun Y, Asnicar M, Saha PK, et al. Ablation of ghrelin improves the diabetic but not obese phenotype of ob/ob mice. Cell Metab 2006; 3:379-386.
    • (2006) Cell Metab , vol.3 , pp. 379-386
    • Sun, Y.1    Asnicar, M.2    Saha, P.K.3
  • 27
    • 0034751526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin, a natural GH secretagogue produced by the stomach, induces hyperglycemia and reduces insulin secretion in humans
    • Broglio F, Arvat E, Benso A, et al. Ghrelin, a natural GH secretagogue produced by the stomach, induces hyperglycemia and reduces insulin secretion in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86:5083-5086.
    • (2001) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.86 , pp. 5083-5086
    • Broglio, F.1    Arvat, E.2    Benso, A.3
  • 28
    • 2942666142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonacylated ghrelin counteracts the metabolic but not the neuroendocrine response to acylated ghrelin in humans
    • Broglio F, Gottero C, Prodam F, et al. Nonacylated ghrelin counteracts the metabolic but not the neuroendocrine response to acylated ghrelin in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89:3062-3065.
    • (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.89 , pp. 3062-3065
    • Broglio, F.1    Gottero, C.2    Prodam, F.3
  • 29
    • 33646177550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic and endocrine effects of physiological increments in plasma ghrelin concentrations
    • Lucidi P, Murdolo G, Di Loreto C, et al. Metabolic and endocrine effects of physiological increments in plasma ghrelin concentrations. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2005; 15:410-417.
    • (2005) Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis , vol.15 , pp. 410-417
    • Lucidi, P.1    Murdolo, G.2    Di Loreto, C.3
  • 30
    • 77956357163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin suppresses glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and deteriorates glucose tolerance in healthy humans
    • Tong J, Prigeon RL, Davis HW, et al. Ghrelin suppresses glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and deteriorates glucose tolerance in healthy humans. Diabetes 2010; 59:2145-2151.
    • (2010) Diabetes , vol.59 , pp. 2145-2151
    • Tong, J.1    Prigeon, R.L.2    Davis, H.W.3
  • 31
    • 0037098974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ghrelin cell: A novel developmentally regulated islet cell in the human pancreas
    • Wierup N, Svensson H, Mulder H, Sundler F. The ghrelin cell: a novel developmentally regulated islet cell in the human pancreas. Regul Pept 2002; 107:63-69.
    • (2002) Regul Pept , vol.107 , pp. 63-69
    • Wierup, N.1    Svensson, H.2    Mulder, H.3    Sundler, F.4
  • 32
    • 32244439458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IA-2beta, but not IA-2, is induced by ghrelin and inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin secretion
    • Doi A, Shono T, Nishi M, et al. IA-2beta, but not IA-2, is induced by ghrelin and inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:885-890.
    • (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.103 , pp. 885-890
    • Doi, A.1    Shono, T.2    Nishi, M.3
  • 33
    • 77951298589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin inhibits insulin secretion through the AMPK-UCP2 pathway in beta cells
    • Wang Y, Nishi M, Doi A, et al. Ghrelin inhibits insulin secretion through the AMPK-UCP2 pathway in beta cells. FEBS Lett 2010; 584:1503-1508.
    • (2010) FEBS Lett , vol.584 , pp. 1503-1508
    • Wang, Y.1    Nishi, M.2    Doi, A.3
  • 34
    • 0018837190 scopus 로고
    • Effect of corticosterone on insulin and glucagon secretion by the isolated perfused rat pancreas
    • Barseghian G, Levine R. Effect of corticosterone on insulin and glucagon secretion by the isolated perfused rat pancreas. Endocrinology 1980; 106: 547-552.
    • (1980) Endocrinology , vol.106 , pp. 547-552
    • Barseghian, G.1    Levine, R.2
  • 35
    • 77952534454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro and in vivo effect of acylated and unacylated ghrelin on neonatal glucose homeostasis
    • Ni H, De Waele K, Walia P, Chanoine JP. In vitro and in vivo effect of acylated and unacylated ghrelin on neonatal glucose homeostasis. Pediatr Res 2010; 67:609-613.
    • (2010) Pediatr Res , vol.67 , pp. 609-613
    • Ni, H.1    De Waele, K.2    Walia, P.3    Chanoine, J.P.4
  • 36
    • 14044250280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin stimulates, whereas desoctanoyl ghrelin inhibits, glucose output by primary hepatocytes
    • Gauna C, Delhanty PJ, Hofland LJ, et al. Ghrelin stimulates, whereas desoctanoyl ghrelin inhibits, glucose output by primary hepatocytes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 90:1055-1060.
    • (2005) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.90 , pp. 1055-1060
    • Gauna, C.1    Delhanty, P.J.2    Hofland, L.J.3
  • 37
    • 0037085391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin modulates the downstream molecules of insulin signaling in hepatoma cells
    • Murata M, Okimura Y, Iida K, et al. Ghrelin modulates the downstream molecules of insulin signaling in hepatoma cells. J Biol Chem 2002; 277: 5667-5674.
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 5667-5674
    • Murata, M.1    Okimura, Y.2    Iida, K.3
  • 38
    • 33644522042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin stimulates insulin-induced glucose uptake in adipocytes
    • Patel AD, Stanley SA, Murphy KG, et al. Ghrelin stimulates insulin-induced glucose uptake in adipocytes. Regul Pept 2006; 134:17-22.
    • (2006) Regul Pept , vol.134 , pp. 17-22
    • Patel, A.D.1    Stanley, S.A.2    Murphy, K.G.3
  • 39
    • 77954470483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin modulates insulin sensitivity and tau phosphorylation in high glucose-induced hippocampal neurons
    • Chen Y, Cao CP, Li CR, et al. Ghrelin modulates insulin sensitivity and tau phosphorylation in high glucose-induced hippocampal neurons. Biol Pharm Bull 2010; 33:1165-1169.
    • (2010) Biol Pharm Bull , vol.33 , pp. 1165-1169
    • Chen, Y.1    Cao, C.P.2    Li, C.R.3
  • 40
    • 33644825587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin differentially affects hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity in mice
    • Heijboer AC, van den Hoek AM, Parlevliet ET, et al. Ghrelin differentially affects hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity in mice. Diabetologia 2006; 49:732-738.
    • (2006) Diabetologia , vol.49 , pp. 732-738
    • Heijboer, A.C.1    Van Den Hoek, A.M.2    Parlevliet, E.T.3
  • 41
    • 38049055445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin enhances in vivo skeletal muscle but not liver AKT signaling in rats
    • Barazzoni R, Zanetti M, Cattin MR, et al. Ghrelin enhances in vivo skeletal muscle but not liver AKT signaling in rats. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2007; 15:2614-2623.
    • (2007) Obesity (Silver Spring) , vol.15 , pp. 2614-2623
    • Barazzoni, R.1    Zanetti, M.2    Cattin, M.R.3
  • 42
    • 39049085337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute effects of ghrelin administration on glucose and lipid metabolism
    • Vestergaard ET, Djurhuus CB, Gjedsted J, et al. Acute effects of ghrelin administration on glucose and lipid metabolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93:438-444.
    • (2008) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.93 , pp. 438-444
    • Vestergaard, E.T.1    Djurhuus, C.B.2    Gjedsted, J.3
  • 43
    • 0020283613 scopus 로고
    • The effect of growth hormone on glucose metabolism and insulin secretion in man
    • Bratusch-Marrain PR, Smith D, DeFronzo RA. The effect of growth hormone on glucose metabolism and insulin secretion in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1982; 55:973-982.
    • (1982) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.55 , pp. 973-982
    • Bratusch-Marrain, P.R.1    Smith, D.2    Defronzo, R.A.3
  • 44
    • 58149352421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin infusion in humans induces acute insulin resistance and lipolysis independent of growth hormone signaling
    • Vestergaard ET, Gormsen LC, Jessen N, et al. Ghrelin infusion in humans induces acute insulin resistance and lipolysis independent of growth hormone signaling. Diabetes 2008; 57:3205-3210.
    • (2008) Diabetes , vol.57 , pp. 3205-3210
    • Vestergaard, E.T.1    Gormsen, L.C.2    Jessen, N.3
  • 45
    • 33745790094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute effects of ghrelin on insulin secretion and glucose disposal rate in gastrectomized patients
    • Damjanovic SS, Lalic NM, Pesko PM, et al. Acute effects of ghrelin on insulin secretion and glucose disposal rate in gastrectomized patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91:2574-2581.
    • (2006) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.91 , pp. 2574-2581
    • Damjanovic, S.S.1    Lalic, N.M.2    Pesko, P.M.3
  • 46
    • 55749097801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of an oral ghrelin mimetic on body composition and clinical outcomes in healthy older adults: A randomized trial
    • Nass R, Pezzoli SS, OliveriMC, et al. Effects of an oral ghrelin mimetic on body composition and clinical outcomes in healthy older adults: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2008; 149:601-611.
    • (2008) Ann Intern Med , vol.149 , pp. 601-611
    • Nass, R.1    Pezzoli, S.S.2    Oliveri, M.C.3
  • 47
    • 1542270842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of ghrelin on insulin and glucagon secretion: A study of isolated pancreatic islets and intact mice
    • Salehi A, Dornonville de la Cour C, Hakanson R, Lundquist I. Effects of ghrelin on insulin and glucagon secretion: a study of isolated pancreatic islets and intact mice. Regul Pept 2004; 118:143-150.
    • (2004) Regul Pept , vol.118 , pp. 143-150
    • Salehi, A.1    Dornonville De La Cour, C.2    Hakanson, R.3    Lundquist, I.4
  • 48
    • 41549110998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous deletion of ghrelin and its receptor increases motor activity and energy expenditure
    • Pfluger PT, Kirchner H, Gunnel S, et al. Simultaneous deletion of ghrelin and its receptor increases motor activity and energy expenditure. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2008; 294:G610-G618.
    • (2008) Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol , vol.294
    • Pfluger, P.T.1    Kirchner, H.2    Gunnel, S.3
  • 49
    • 67650423944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GOAT links dietary lipids with the endocrine control of energy balance
    • Kirchner H, Gutierrez JA, Solenberg PJ, et al. GOAT links dietary lipids with the endocrine control of energy balance. Nat Med 2009; 15:741-745.
    • (2009) Nat Med , vol.15 , pp. 741-745
    • Kirchner, H.1    Gutierrez, J.A.2    Solenberg, P.J.3
  • 50
    • 77952165770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) is essential for growth hormone-mediated survival of calorie-restricted mice
    • Zhao TJ, Liang G, Li RL, et al. Ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) is essential for growth hormone-mediated survival of calorie-restricted mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:7467-7472.
    • (2010) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.107 , pp. 7467-7472
    • Zhao, T.J.1    Liang, G.2    Li, R.L.3
  • 51
    • 31044452189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of ghrelin protects against early-onset obesity
    • Wortley KE, del Rincon JP, Murray JD, et al. Absence of ghrelin protects against early-onset obesity. J Clin Invest 2005; 115:3573-3578.
    • (2005) J Clin Invest , vol.115 , pp. 3573-3578
    • Wortley, K.E.1    Del Rincon, J.P.2    Murray, J.D.3
  • 52
    • 51249105332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved insulin sensitivity and metabolic flexibility in ghrelin receptor knockout mice
    • Longo KA, Charoenthongtrakul S, Giuliana DJ, et al. Improved insulin sensitivity and metabolic flexibility in ghrelin receptor knockout mice. Regul Pept 2008; 150:55-61.
    • (2008) Regul Pept , vol.150 , pp. 55-61
    • Longo, K.A.1    Charoenthongtrakul, S.2    Giuliana, D.J.3
  • 53
    • 38549133092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of adult ghrelin and ghrelin receptor knockout mice under positive and negative energy balance
    • Sun Y, Butte NF, Garcia JM, Smith RG. Characterization of adult ghrelin and ghrelin receptor knockout mice under positive and negative energy balance. Endocrinology 2008; 149:843-850.
    • (2008) Endocrinology , vol.149 , pp. 843-850
    • Sun, Y.1    Butte, N.F.2    Garcia, J.M.3    Smith, R.G.4
  • 54
    • 4444246201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin both inhibit isoproterenol-induced lipolysis in rat adipocytes via a nontype 1a growth hormone secretagogue receptor
    • Muccioli G, Pons N, Ghe C, et al. Ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin both inhibit isoproterenol-induced lipolysis in rat adipocytes via a nontype 1a growth hormone secretagogue receptor. Eur J Pharmacol 2004; 498:27-35.
    • (2004) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.498 , pp. 27-35
    • Muccioli, G.1    Pons, N.2    Ghe, C.3
  • 55
    • 0037164747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin inhibit cell death in cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells through ERK1/2 and PI 3-kinase/AKT
    • Baldanzi G, Filigheddu N, Cutrupi S, et al. Ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin inhibit cell death in cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells through ERK1/2 and PI 3-kinase/AKT. J Cell Biol 2002; 159:1029-1037.
    • (2002) J Cell Biol , vol.159 , pp. 1029-1037
    • Baldanzi, G.1    Filigheddu, N.2    Cutrupi, S.3
  • 56
    • 67349175270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acylated and desacyl ghrelin stimulate lipid accumulation in human visceral adipocytes
    • Rodriguez A, Gomez-Ambrosi J, Catalan V, et al. Acylated and desacyl ghrelin stimulate lipid accumulation in human visceral adipocytes. Int J Obes (Lond) 2009; 33:541-552.
    • (2009) Int J Obes (Lond) , vol.33 , pp. 541-552
    • Rodriguez, A.1    Gomez-Ambrosi, J.2    Catalan, V.3
  • 57
    • 56149100976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Desacyl ghrelin inhibits the orexigenic effect of peripherally injected ghrelin in rats
    • Inhoff T, Monnikes H, Noetzel S, et al. Desacyl ghrelin inhibits the orexigenic effect of peripherally injected ghrelin in rats. Peptides 2008; 29:2159-2168.
    • (2008) Peptides , vol.29 , pp. 2159-2168
    • Inhoff, T.1    Monnikes, H.2    Noetzel, S.3
  • 58
    • 77955842961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proghrelin peptides: Desacyl ghrelin is a powerful inhibitor of acylated ghrelin, likely to impair physiological effects of acyl ghrelin but not of obestatin. A study of pancreatic polypeptide secretion from mouse islets
    • Kumar R, Salehi A, Rehfeld JF, et al. Proghrelin peptides: desacyl ghrelin is a powerful inhibitor of acylated ghrelin, likely to impair physiological effects of acyl ghrelin but not of obestatin. A study of pancreatic polypeptide secretion from mouse islets. Regul Pept 2010; 164:65-70.
    • (2010) Regul Pept , vol.164 , pp. 65-70
    • Kumar, R.1    Salehi, A.2    Rehfeld, J.F.3
  • 59
    • 34548457203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unacylated ghrelin acts as a potent insulin secretagogue in glucose-stimulated conditions
    • Gauna C, Kiewiet RM, Janssen JA, et al. Unacylated ghrelin acts as a potent insulin secretagogue in glucose-stimulated conditions. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2007; 293:E697-E704.
    • (2007) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab , vol.293
    • Gauna, C.1    Kiewiet, R.M.2    Janssen, J.A.3
  • 60
    • 6344291317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Administration of acylated ghrelin reduces insulin sensitivity, whereas the combination of acylated plus unacylated ghrelin strongly improves insulin sensitivity
    • Gauna C, Meyler FM, Janssen JA, et al. Administration of acylated ghrelin reduces insulin sensitivity, whereas the combination of acylated plus unacylated ghrelin strongly improves insulin sensitivity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89:5035-5042.
    • (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.89 , pp. 5035-5042
    • Gauna, C.1    Meyler, F.M.2    Janssen, J.A.3
  • 61
    • 35649027860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin gene-related peptides modulate rat white adiposity
    • Giovambattista A, Gaillard RC, Spinedi E. Ghrelin gene-related peptides modulate rat white adiposity. Vitam Horm 2008; 77:171-205.
    • (2008) Vitam Horm , vol.77 , pp. 171-205
    • Giovambattista, A.1    Gaillard, R.C.2    Spinedi, E.3
  • 62
    • 50449085374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of des-acyl ghrelin on adiposity and glucose metabolism
    • Zhang W, Chai B, Li JY, et al. Effect of des-acyl ghrelin on adiposity and glucose metabolism. Endocrinology 2008; 149:4710-4716.
    • (2008) Endocrinology , vol.149 , pp. 4710-4716
    • Zhang, W.1    Chai, B.2    Li, J.Y.3
  • 63
    • 77955673240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unacylated ghrelin rapidly modulates lipogenic and insulin signaling pathway gene expression in metabolically active tissues of GHSR deleted mice
    • Delhanty PJ, Sun Y, Visser JA, et al. Unacylated ghrelin rapidly modulates lipogenic and insulin signaling pathway gene expression in metabolically active tissues of GHSR deleted mice. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11749.
    • (2010) PLoS One , vol.5
    • Delhanty, P.J.1    Sun, Y.2    Visser, J.A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.