Persistence of human papillomavirus infection: Keys to malignant progression

Trends in Microbiology

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 33-39

  Bodily, Jason ^a   Laimins, Laimonis A ^a  

^a NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATR PROTEIN; HISTONE DEACETYLASE; HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1ALPHA;

ACETYLATION; ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; BINDING AFFINITY; CELL CYCLE REGULATION; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CYTOLYSIS; DOWN REGULATION; EPISOME; GENE AMPLIFICATION; HOST RESISTANCE; IMMUNE EVASION; KERATINOCYTE; LIFE CYCLE; MALIGNANT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE; MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; NONHUMAN; PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; PERSISTENT VIRUS INFECTION; POLYADENYLATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; UBIQUITINATION; UTERINE CERVIX CANCER; VIRION; VIRUS CAPSID; VIRUS CELL INTERACTION; VIRUS TRANSMISSION; WART VIRUS;

ALPHAPAPILLOMAVIRUS; ANIMALS; CELL TRANSFORMATION, VIRAL; DISEASE PROGRESSION; FEMALE; HUMANS; ONCOGENE PROTEINS, VIRAL; PAPILLOMAVIRIDAE; PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTIONS; UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS;

HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS; PAPILLOMAVIRIDAE;

EID: 78650748371     PISSN: 0966842X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2010.10.002     Document Type: Review

References (74)

1. Parkin D.M., Bray F. Chapter 2: The burden of HPV-related cancers. Vaccine 2006, 24(Suppl. 3):S11-25.
2. Markowitz L.E., et al. Quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm. Rep. 2007, 56:1-24.
3. zur Hausen H. Papillomaviruses in the causation of human cancers - a brief historical account. Virology 2009, 384:260-265.
4. Lorincz A.T., et al. Human papillomavirus infection of the cervix: relative risk associations of 15 common anogenital types. Obstet. Gynecol. 1992, 79:328-337.
5. Richardson H., et al. The natural history of type-specific human papillomavirus infections in female university students. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 2003, 12:485-490.
6. Stanley M. Immunobiology of HPV and HPV vaccines. Gynecol. Oncol. 2008, 109:S15-21.
7. Woodman C.B., et al. Natural history of cervical human papillomavirus infection in young women: a longitudinal cohort study. Lancet 2001, 357:1831-1836.
8. Munger K., et al. Mechanisms of human papillomavirus-induced oncogenesis. J. Virol. 2004, 78:11451-11460.
9. Moody C.A., Laimins L.A. Human papillomavirus oncoproteins: pathways to transformation. Nat. Rev. Cancer 2010, 10:550-560.
10. Kines R.C., et al. The initial steps leading to papillomavirus infection occur on the basement membrane prior to cell surface binding. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2009, 106:20458-20463.
11. Stubenrauch F., et al. Differential requirements for conserved E2 binding sites in the life cycle of oncogenic human papillomavirus type 31. J. Virol. 1998, 72:1071-1077.
12. Thomas J.T., et al. Human papillomavirus type 31 oncoproteins E6 and E7 are required for the maintenance of episomes during the viral life cycle in normal human keratinocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1999, 96:8449-8454.
13. Park R.B., Androphy E.J. Genetic analysis of high-risk E6 in episomal maintenance of human papillomavirus genomes in primary human keratinocytes. J. Virol. 2002, 76:11359-11364.
14. Frattini M.G., et al. In vitro synthesis of oncogenic human papillomaviruses requires episomal genomes for differentiation-dependent late expression. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1996, 93:3062-3067.
15. Frattini M.G., Laimins L.A. Binding of the human papillomavirus E1 origin-recognition protein is regulated through complex formation with the E2 enhancer-binding protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1994, 91:12398-12402.
16. Sedman J., Stenlund A. Co-operative interaction between the initiator E1 and the transcriptional activator E2 is required for replicator specific DNA replication of bovine papillomavirus in vivo and in vitro. EMBO J. 1995, 14:6218-6228.
17. McBride A.A., et al. Partitioning viral genomes in mitosis: same idea, different targets. Cell Cycle 2006, 5:1499-1502.
18. Steger G., Corbach S. Dose-dependent regulation of the early promoter of human papillomavirus type 18 by the viral E2 protein. J. Virol. 1997, 71:50-58.
19. Stubenrauch F., et al. The E8E2C protein, a negative regulator of viral transcription and replication, is required for extrachromosomal maintenance of human papillomavirus type 31 in keratinocytes. J. Virol. 2000, 74:1178-1186.
20. Frazer I.H. Interaction of human papillomaviruses with the host immune system: a well evolved relationship. Virology 2009, 384:410-414.
21. Peh W.L., et al. Life cycle heterogeneity in animal models of human papillomavirus-associated disease. J. Virol. 2002, 76:10401-10416.
22. Middleton K., et al. Organization of human papillomavirus productive cycle during neoplastic progression provides a basis for selection of diagnostic markers. J. Virol. 2003, 77:10186-10201.
23. Ruesch M.N., Laimins L.A. Human papillomavirus oncoproteins alter differentiation-dependent cell cycle exit on suspension in semisolid medium. Virology 1998, 250:19-29.
24. Hummel M., et al. Differentiation-induced and constitutive transcription of human papillomavirus type 31b in cell lines containing viral episomes. J. Virol. 1992, 66:6070-6080.
25. Ozbun M.A., Meyers C. Characterization of late gene transcripts expressed during vegetative replication of human papillomavirus type 31b. J. Virol. 1997, 71:5161-5172.
26. Ozbun M.A., Meyers C. Temporal usage of multiple promoters during the life cycle of human papillomavirus type 31b. J. Virol. 1998, 72:2715-2722.
27. Bedell M.A., et al. Amplification of human papillomavirus genomes in vitro is dependent on epithelial differentiation. J. Virol. 1991, 65:2254-2260.
28. Wilson R., et al. Role of the E1^E4 protein in the differentiation-dependent life cycle of human papillomavirus type 31. J. Virol. 2005, 79:6732-6740.
29. Peh W.L., et al. The viral E4 protein is required for the completion of the cottontail rabbit papillomavirus productive cycle in vivo. J. Virol. 2004, 78:2142-2151.
30. Fehrmann F., et al. Human papillomavirus type 31 E5 protein supports cell cycle progression and activates late viral functions upon epithelial differentiation. J. Virol. 2003, 77:2819-2831.
31. Moody C.A., et al. Human papillomaviruses activate caspases upon epithelial differentiation to induce viral genome amplification. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2007, 104:19541-19546.
32. Schwartz S. HPV-16 RNA processing. Front. Biosci. 2008, 13:5880-5891.
33. Stanley M.A. Immune responses to human papilloma viruses. Indian J. Med. Res. 2009, 130:266-276.
34. Scott M., et al. Cell-mediated immune response to human papillomavirus infection. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. 2001, 8:209-220.
35. zur Hausen H. Papillomavirus infections - a major cause of human cancers. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1996, 1288:F55-78.
36. Samuel C.E. Antiviral actions of interferons. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2001, 14:778-809.
37. Nees M., et al. Papillomavirus type 16 oncogenes downregulate expression of interferon-responsive genes and upregulate proliferation-associated and NF-kappaB-responsive genes in cervical keratinocytes. J. Virol. 2001, 75:4283-4296.
38. Chang Y.E., Laimins L.A. Microarray analysis identifies interferon-inducible genes and Stat-1 as major transcriptional targets of human papillomavirus type 31. J. Virol. 2000, 74:4174-4182.
39. Hebner C.M., et al. Human papillomaviruses target the double-stranded RNA protein kinase pathway. J. Gen. Virol. 2006, 87:3183-3193.
40. Ghittoni R., et al. The biological properties of E6 and E7 oncoproteins from human papillomaviruses. Virus Genes 2010, 40:1-13.
41. Wang B., et al. Role of cytokines in epidermal Langerhans cell migration. J. Leukoc. Biol. 1999, 66:33-39.
42. Arany I., Tyring S.K. Status of local cellular immunity in interferon-responsive and -nonresponsive human papillomavirus-associated lesions. Sex Transm. Dis. 1996, 23:475-480.
43. Alcocer-Gonzalez J.M., et al. In vivo expression of immunosuppressive cytokines in human papillomavirus-transformed cervical cancer cells. Viral Immunol. 2006, 19:481-491.
44. Fichorova R.N., Anderson D.J. Differential expression of immunobiological mediators by immortalized human cervical and vaginal epithelial cells. Biol. Reprod. 1999, 60:508-514.
45. Rincon-Orozco B., et al. Epigenetic silencing of interferon-kappa in human papillomavirus type 16-positive cells. Cancer Res. 2009, 69:8718-8725.
46. Hubert P., et al. Colonization of in vitro-formed cervical human papillomavirus- associated (pre)neoplastic lesions with dendritic cells: role of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Am. J. Pathol. 1999, 154:775-784.
47. Fahey L.M., et al. A major role for the minor capsid protein of human papillomavirus type 16 in immune escape. J. Immunol. 2009, 183:6151-6156.
48. van der Burg S.H., Palefsky J.M. Human immunodeficiency virus and human papilloma virus - why HPV-induced lesions do not spontaneously resolve and why therapeutic vaccination can be successful. J. Trans. Med. 2009, 7:108.
49. O'Brien P.M., Saveria Campo M. Evasion of host immunity directed by papillomavirus-encoded proteins. Virus Res. 2002, 88:103-117.
50. Hanahan D., Weinberg R.A. The hallmarks of cancer. Cell 2000, 100:57-70.
51. Smith-McCune K., et al. Cross-species comparison of angiogenesis during the premalignant stages of squamous carcinogenesis in the human cervix and K14-HPV16 transgenic mice. Cancer Res. 1997, 57:1294-1300.
52. Smith-McCune K.K., Weidner N. Demonstration and characterization of the angiogenic properties of cervical dysplasia. Cancer Res. 1994, 54:800-804.
53. Tang X., et al. Overexpression of human papillomavirus type 16 oncoproteins enhances hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha protein accumulation and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in human cervical carcinoma cells. Clin. Cancer Res. 2007, 2568-2576.
54. Clere N., et al. The human papillomavirus type 18 E6 oncoprotein induces vascular endothelial growth factor 121 (VEGF121) transcription from the promoter through a p53-independent mechanism. Exp. Cell Res. 2007, 313:3239-3250.
55. Chen W., et al. Human papillomavirus causes an angiogenic switch in keratinocytes which is sufficient to alter endothelial cell behavior. Virology 2007, 367:168-174.
56. Toussaint-Smith E., et al. Expression of human papillomavirus type 16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins in primary foreskin keratinocytes is sufficient to alter the expression of angiogenic factors. Oncogene 2004, 23:2988-2995.
57. Bardos J.I., Ashcroft M. Negative and positive regulation of HIF-1: a complex network. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2005, 1755:107-120.
58. Nakamura M., et al. Hypoxia-specific stabilization of HIF-1alpha by human papillomaviruses. Virology 2009, 387:442-448.
59. Munger K., et al. Biological activities and molecular targets of the human papillomavirus E7 oncoprotein. Oncogene 2001, 20:7888-7898.
60. Longworth M.S., Laimins L.A. The binding of histone deacetylases and the integrity of zinc finger-like motifs of the E7 protein are essential for the life cycle of human papillomavirus type 31. J. Virol. 2004, 78:3533-3541.
61. McLaughlin-Drubin M.E., et al. Human papillomavirus type 16 E7 oncoprotein associates with E2F6. J. Virol. 2008, 82:8695-8705.
62. Moody C.A., Laimins L.A. Human papillomaviruses activate the ATM DNA damage pathway for viral genome amplification upon differentiation. PLoS Pathog. 2009, 5:e1000605.
63. Huh K.W., et al. Association of the human papillomavirus type 16 E7 oncoprotein with the 600-kDa retinoblastoma protein-associated factor, p600. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2005, 102:11492-11497.
64. Howie H.L., et al. Papillomavirus E6 proteins. Virology 2009, 384:324-334.
65. Duensing S., Munger K. Mechanisms of genomic instability in human cancer: insights from studies with human papillomavirus oncoproteins. Int. J. Cancer 2004, 109:157-162.
66. Timmons B., et al. Cervical remodeling during pregnancy and parturition. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 2010, 21:353-361.
67. Iwasaki A. Antiviral immune responses in the genital tract: clues for vaccines. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2010, 10:699-711.
68. Quade B.J., et al. Expression of the p53 homologue p63 in early cervical neoplasia. Gynecol. Oncol. 2001, 80:24-29.
69. Crum C.P., McKeon F.D. p63 in epithelial survival, germ cell surveillance, and neoplasia. Annu. Rev. Pathol. 2010, 5:349-371.
70. Roberts J.N., et al. Genital transmission of HPV in a mouse model is potentiated by nonoxynol-9 and inhibited by carrageenan. Nat. Med. 2007, 13:857-861.
71. Chung S.H., et al. Requirement for estrogen receptor alpha in a mouse model for human papillomavirus-associated cervical cancer. Cancer Res. 2008, 68:9928-9934.
72. Akers A.Y., et al. Factors underlying disparities in cervical cancer incidence, screening, and treatment in the United States. Curr. Probl. Cancer 2007, 31:157-181.
73. Fox P.A. Human papillomavirus and anal intraepithelial neoplasia. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 2006, 19:62-66.
74. Jones P.H., et al. Sic transit gloria: farewell to the epidermal transit amplifying cell?. Cell Stem Cell 2007, 1:371-381.