Confocal raman microspectroscopy for evaluating the stratum corneum removal by 3 standard methods

Skin Pharmacology and Physiology

Volumn 24, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 103-112

  Forster M ^a,b   Bolzinger, M A ^b   Rovere, M R ^b   Damour, O ^b   Montagnac, G ^b   Briancon S ^b  

^a GATTEFOSSÉ SAS   (France)

^b UNIVERSITÉ LYON 1   (France)

Author keywords

Confocal Raman microspectroscopy; Cyanoacrylate skin surface biopsy; Stratum corneum removal; Tape stripping; Trypsinization

Indexed keywords

CYANOACRYLATE; TRYPSIN;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; CONFOCAL RAMAN MICROSPECTROSCOPY; CONTROLLED STUDY; HISTOLOGY; IN VITRO STUDY; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; NON INVASIVE PROCEDURE; NONHUMAN; POLYMERIZATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAMAN SPECTROMETRY; SKIN BIOPSY; SKIN SURFACE; STANDARD; STRATUM CORNEUM; TAPE STRIPPING METHOD;

EID: 78650646836     PISSN: 16605527     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000322306     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Wolf J: Die innere Struktur der Zellen des Stratum desquamans der menschlichen Epidermis. Z Mikrosk Anat Forsch 1939; 46: 170-202.
2. Pinkus H: Examination of the epidermis by the strip method of removing horny layers. 1. Observations on thickness of the horny layer, and on mitotic activity after stripping. J Invest Dermatol 1951; 16: 383-386.
3. Lorincz AL, Usar MC: Skin desquamating machine: a tool useful in dermatologic research. J Invest Dermatol 1957; 28: 275-282.
4. Benfeldt E, Serup J: Effect of barrier perturbation on cutaneous penetration of salicylic acid in hairless rats: in vivo pharmacokinetics using microdialysis and non-invasive quantification of barrier function. Arch Dermatol Res 1999; 291: 517-526. (Pubitemid 29484133)
5. Choi MJ, Maibach HI: Topical vaccination of DNA antigens: topical delivery of DNA antigens. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol 2003; 16: 271-282.
6. Jacobi U, Meykadeh N, Sterry W, Lademann J: Effect of the vehicle on the amount of stratum corneum removed by tape stripping. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2003; 1: 884-889.
7. Rougier A, Lotte C, Maibach HI: In vivo percutaneous penetration of some organic compounds related to anatomic site in humans: predictive assessment by the stripping method. J Pharm Sci 1987; 76: 451-454. (Pubitemid 17118283)
8. Al Haushey L, Bolzinger MA, Bordes C, Gauvrit JY, Briançon S: Improvement of a bovine serum albumin microencapsulation process by screening design. Int J Pharm 2007; 344: 16-25.
9. Benech-Kieffer F, Wegrich P, Schwarzenbach R, Klecak G, Weber T, Leclaire J, Schaefer H: Percutaneous absorption of sunscreens in vitro: interspecies comparison, skin models and reproducibility aspects. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol 2000; 13: 324-335.
10. Bolzinger MA, Briançon S, Pelletier J, Fessi H, Chevalier Y: Percutaneous release of caffeine from microemulsion, emulsion and gel dosage forms. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2008; 68: 446-451.
11. Frelichowska J, Bolzinger MA, Pelletier J, Valour JP, Chevalier Y: Topical delivery of lipophilic drugs from o/w Pickering emulsions. Int J Pharm 2009; 371: 56-63.
12. Frelichowska J, Bolzinger MA, Valour JP, Mouaziz H, Pelletier J, Chevalier Y: Pickering w/o emulsions: drug release and topical delivery. Int J Pharm 2009; 368: 7-15.
13. Potard G, Laugel C, Schaefer H, Marty J: The stripping technique: in vitro absorption and penetration of five UV filters on excised fresh human skin. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol 2000; 13: 336-344.
14. Wagner H, Kostka KH, Lehr CM, Schaefer UF: Interrelation of permeation and penetration parameters obtained from in vitro experiments with human skin and skin equivalents. J Control Release 2001; 75: 283-295.
15. Schwarb FP, Gabard B, Rufli T, Surber C: Percutaneous absorption of salicylic acid in man after topical administration of three different formulations. Dermatology 1999; 198: 44-51.
16. Dupuis D, Rougier A, Roguet R, Lotte C, Kalopissis G: In vivo relationship between horny layer reservoir effect and percutaneous absorption in human and rat. J Invest Dermatol 1984; 82: 353-356.
17. Sheth NV, McKeough MB, Spruance SL: Measurement of the stratum corneum drug reservoir to predict the therapeutic efficacy of topical iododeoxyuridine for herpes simplex virus infection. J Invest Dermatol 1987; 89: 598-602.
18. Darmstadt GL, Mao-Qiang M, Chi E, Saha SK, Ziboh VA, Black RE, Santosham M, Elias PM: Impact of topical oils on the skin barrier: possible implications for neonatal health in developing countries. Acta Paediatr 2002; 91: 546-554.
19. Weerheim A, Ponec M: Determination of stratum corneum lipid profile by tape stripping in combination with high-performance thin-layer chromatography. Arch Dermatol Res 2001; 293: 191-199.
20. Kalia YN, Alberti I, Naik A, Guy RH: Assessment of topical bioavailability in vivo: The importance of stratum corneum thickness. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol 2001; 14(suppl 1):82-86. (Pubitemid 34299168)
21. Schwindt DA, Wilhelm KP, Maibach HI: Water diffusion characteristics of human stratum corneum at different anatomical sites in vivo. J Invest Dermatol 1998; 111: 385-389.
22. Weigmann H, Lademann J, Meffert H, Schaefer H, Sterry W: Determination of the horny layer profile by tape stripping in combination with optical spectroscopy in the visible range as a prerequisite to quantify percutaneous absorption. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol 1999; 12: 34-45.
23. Hunter R, Pinkus H, Stelle CH: Examination of the epidermis by the strip method. III. The number of keratin cells in the human epidermis. J Invest Dermatol 1956; 27: 31-34.
24. Jui-Chen T, Weiner N, Flynn G, Ferry J: Properties of adhesive tapes used for stratum corneum stripping. Int J Pharm 1991; 72: 227-231.
25. Breternitz M, Flach M, Prässler J, Elsner P, Fluhr JW: Acute barrier disruption by adhesive tapes is influenced by pressure, time and anatomical location: Integrity and cohesion assessed by sequential tape stripping: a randomized, controlled study. Br J Dermatol 2007; 156: 231-240.
26. Reed JT, Ghadially R, Elias PM: Skin type, but neither race nor gender, influence epidermal permeability barrier function. Arch Dermatol 1995; 131: 1134-1138.
27. Bommannan D, Potts RO, Guy RH: Examination of stratum corneum barrier function in vivo by infrared spectroscopy. J Invest Dermatol 1990; 95: 403-408.
28. Ya-Xian Z, Suetake T, Tagami H: Number of cell layers of the stratum corneum in normal skin - relationship to the anatomical location on the body, age, sex and physical parameters. Arch Dermatol Res 1999; 291: 555-559.
29. Black D, Del Pozo A, Lagarde JM, Gall Y: Seasonal variability in the biophysical properties of stratum corneum from different anatomical sites. Skin Res Technol 2000; 6: 70-76.
30. Greene RS, Downing DT, Pochi PE, Strauss JS: Anatomical variation in the amount and composition of human skin surface lipid. J Invest Dermatol 1970; 54: 240-247.
31. Lademann J, Jacobi U, Surber C, Weigmann HJ, Fluhr JW: The tape stripping procedure - evaluation of some critical parameters. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2009; 72: 317-323.
32. Kligman AM, Christophers E: Preparation of isolated sheets of human stratum corneum. Arch Dermatol 1963; 88: 702-705.
33. Wu KS, van Osdol WW, Dauskardt RH: Mechanical properties of human stratum corneum: effects of temperature, hydration, and chemical treatment. Biomaterials 2006; 27: 785-795.
34. Van Duzee BF: Thermal analysis of human stratum corneum. J Invest Dermatol 1975; 65: 404-408.
35. Caussin J, Gooris GS, Janssens M, Bouwstra JA: Lipid organization in human and porcine stratum corneum differs widely, while lipid mixtures with porcine ceramides model human stratum corneum lipid organization very closely. Biochim Biophys Acta 2008; 1778: 1472-1482.
36. Downing D, Abraham W, Wegner B, Willman K: Partition of sodium dodecyl sulfate into stratum corneum lipid liposomes. Arch Dermatol Res 1993; 285: 151-157.
37. Karande P, Jain A, Arora A, Ho MJ, Mitragotri S: Synergistic effects of chemical enhancers on skin permeability: a case study of sodium lauroylsarcosinate and sorbitan monolaurate. Eur J Pharm Sci 2007; 31: 1-7.
38. Marks R, Dawber RP: Skin surface biopsy: an improved technique for the examination of the horny layer. Br J Dermatol 1971; 84: 117-123.
39. Teichmann A, Jacobi U, Ossadnik M, Richter H, Koch S, Sterry W, Lademann J: Differential stripping: determination of the amount of topically applied substances penetrated into the hair follicles. J Invest Dermatol 2005; 125: 264-269.
40. Montenegro L, Ademola J, Bonina F, Maibach H: Effect of application time of betamethasone- 17-valerate 0.1% cream on skin blanching and stratum corneum drug concentration. Int J Pharm 1996; 140: 51-60.
41. Imokawa G, Abe A, Jin K, Higaki Y, Kawashima M, Hidano A: Decreased level of ceramides in stratum corneum of atopic dermatitis: an etiologic factor in atopic dry skin? J Invest Dermatol 1991; 96: 523-526.
42. Röpke EM, Augustin W, Gollnick H: Improved method for studying skin lipid samples from cyanoacrylate strips by high-performance thin-layer chromatography. Skin Pharmacol 1996; 9: 381-387.
43. Silva CL, Nunes SCC, Eusébio MES, Sousa JJS, Pais AACC: Study of human stratum corneum and extracted lipids by thermomicroscopy and DSC. Chem Phys Lipids 2006; 140: 36-47.
44. Surber C, Schwarb F, Smith E: Tape-stripping technique. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2001; 20: 461-474.
45. Crowther JM, Sieg A, Blenkiron P, Marcott C, Matts PJ, Kaczvinsky JR, Rawlings AV: Measuring the effects of topical moisturizers on changes in stratum corneum thickness, water gradients and hydration in vivo. Br J Dermatol 2008; 159: 567-577.
46. Caspers PJ, Lucassen GW, Carter EA, Bruining HA, Puppels GJ: In vivo confocal Raman microspectroscopy of the skin: noninvasive determination of molecular concentration profiles. J Invest Dermatol 2001; 116: 434-442.
47. Pudney PDA, Mélot M, Caspers PJ, van der Pol A, Puppels GJ: An in vivo confocal Raman study of the delivery of trans -retinol to the skin. Appl Spectrosc 2007; 61: 804-811.
48. Caspers PJ, Lucassen GW, Puppels GJ: Combined in vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy and confocal microscopy of human skin. Biophys J 2003; 85: 572-580.
49. OECD: Skin absorption: in vitro method. OECD Guideline for the testing of chemicals 2004, pp 1-8.
50. Chrit L, Hadjur C, Morel S, Sockalingum G, Lebourdon G, Leroy F, Manfait M: In vivo chemical investigation of human skin using a confocal Raman fiber optic microprobe. J Biomed Opt 2005; 10: 0440071-04400711.
51. Baldwin K, Batchelder D: Confocal Raman microspectroscopy through a planar interface. Appl Spectrosc 2001; 55: 517-524.
52. Bruneel J, Lassegues J, Sourisseau C: Indepth analyses by confocal Raman microspectrometry: experimental features and modeling of the refraction effects. J Raman Spectrosc 2002; 33: 815-828.
53. Everall N: Confocal Raman microscopy: why the depth resolution and spatial accuracy can be much worse than you think. Appl Spectrosc 2000; 54: 1515-1520.
54. Everall N: Modeling and measuring the effect of refraction on the depth resolution of confocal Raman microscopy. Appl Spectrosc 2000; 54: 773-782.
55. Everall N: Depth profiling with confocal Raman microscopy. Part I. Spectroscopy 2004; 19: 22-27. (Pubitemid 41100950)
56. Everall N: Depth profiling with confocal Raman microscopy. Part II. Spectroscopy 2004; 19: 16-25.
57. Gotter B, Faubel W, Neubert RHH: Optical methods for measurements of skin penetration. Skin Pharmacol 2008; 21: 156-165.
58. Gotter B, Faubel W, Neubert RHH: FTIR microscopy and confocal Raman microscopy for studying lateral drug diffusion from a semisolid formulation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2010; 74: 14-20.
59. Xiao C, Flach CR, Marcott C, Mendelsohn R: Uncertainties in depth determination and comparison of multivariate with univariate analysis in confocal Raman studies of a laminated polymer and skin. Appl Spectrosc 2004; 58: 382-389.
60. Gniadecka M, Nielsen OF, Wessel S, Heidenheim M, Christensen DH, Wulf HC: Water and protein structure in photoaged and chronically aged skin. J Invest Dermatol 1998; 111: 1129-1133.
61. Barry BW, Edwards H, Williams A: Fourier transform Raman and infrared vibrational study of human skin: assignment of spectral bands. J Raman Spectrosc 1992; 23: 641-645.
62. Tfayli A, Piot O, Pitre F, Manfait M: Followup of drug permeation through excised human skin with confocal Raman microspectroscopy. Eur Biophys J 2007; 36: 1049-1058.
63. Förster M, Bolzinger MA, Fessi H, Briançon S: Topical delivery of cosmetics and drugs: molecular aspects of percutaneous absorption and delivery. Eur J Dermatol 2009; 19: 309-323.
64. Anderson RL, Cassidy JM: Variations in physical dimensions and chemical composition of human stratum corneum. J Invest Dermatol 1973; 61: 30-32.
65. Bielfeldt S, Schoder V, Ely U, van der Pol A: Assessment of human stratum corneum thickness and its barrier properties by in-vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy. IFSCC Magazine 2009; 1: 9-15.
66. Mélot M, Pudney PDA, Williamson AM, Caspers PJ, van der Pol A, Puppels GJ: Studying the effectiveness of penetration enhancers to deliver retinol through the stratum corneum by in vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy. J Control Release 2009; 138: 32-39.