Organic host analogues and the search for life on Mars

International Journal of Astrobiology

Volumn 10, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 31-44

  Marlow, Jeffrey J ^a   Martins, Zita ^a   Sephton, Mark A ^a  

^a IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

astrobiology; life on Mars; Mars analogues

Indexed keywords

ARIDITY; BIOLOGY; LOW TEMPERATURE; MARS; MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE; PLANETARY SURFACE; RADIATION BALANCE;

EID: 78650416096     PISSN: 14735504     EISSN: 14753006     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S1473550410000303     Document Type: Article

References (197)

1. Abyzov, S. S., Mitskevich, I. N. & Poglazova, M. N. (1998). Microbiology 67, 451-458.
2. Acasco, C. & Wierzchos, J. (2002). Int. Microbiol. 5, 215-222.
3. Aguilera, A. & Amils, R. (2004). ESA SP 545, 163-164.
4. Amaral Zettler, L. A., Gomez, F., Zettler, E., Keenan, B. G., Amils, R. & Sogin, M. L. (2002). Nature 417, 137-137.
5. Amashukeli, X., Pelletier, C. C., Kirby, J. P. & Grunthaner, F. J. (2007). J. Geophys. Res. 112, G04S16.
6. Arvidson, R. E. (2007). Origin and evolution of the layered sulfate-rich rocks in Meridiani Planum, Mars. American Geophysical Union 2007 Fall Meeting, P21C-03.
7. Arvidson, R. E. et al. (2005). Science 307, 1591-1594.
8. Aubrey, A., Cleaves, H. J., Chalmers, J. H., Skelley, A. M., Mathies, R. A., Grunthaner, F. J., Ehrenfreund, P. & Bada, J. L. (2006). Geology 34, 357-360.
9. Cox, M. & Battista, J. (2005). Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 3, 882-892.
10. Crowe, J. H., Crowe, L. M., Oliver, A. E., Tsvetkova, N., Wolkers, W. & Tablin, F. (2001). Cryobiology 43, 89-105.
11. Dartnell, L. R., Desorgher, L., Ward, J. M. & Coates, A. J. (2007). Geophys. Res. Lett. 34, L02207.
12. Davila, A. F. et al. (2008). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 272, 456-463.
13. de Broekert, P. & Sandiford, M. (2005). J. Geol. 113, 471-493.
14. Deming, J. & Eicken, H. (2007). Life in Ice. In Planets and Life, ed. Sullivan, W. T. & Barosss, J. A., pp. 292-312. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
15. Deming, J. W. (2002). Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 5, 301-309.
16. DiGregorio, B. E. (2002). SPIE Proc. 4495, 120-130.
17. Dorn, R. (1998). Rock coatings. In Developments in Earth Science Processes, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
18. Dorn, R. & Oberlander, T. (1981). Science 213, 1245-1247.
19. Edwards, H. G., Russell, N. C. & Wynn-Williams, D. D. (1997). J. Raman Spectros. 28, 685-690.
20. Ericksen, G. E. (1983). Am. Sci. 71, 366-374.
21. Farrah, H. & Pickering, W. F. (1979). Chem. Geol. 25, 317-326.
22. Feldman, W. C. et al. (2002). Science 297, 75-78.
23. Fernandez-Remolar, D. C., Morris, R. V., Gruener, J. E., Amils, R. & Knoll, A. H. (2005). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 240, 149-167.
24. Fernandez-Remolar, D. C., Rodriguez, N., Gomez, F. & Amils, R. (2003). J. Geophys. Res. 108, 5080.
25. Fetzer, S. & Conrad, R. (1993). Arch. Microbiol. 160, 108-113.
26. Fike, D. A., Cockell, C. S., Pearce, D. & Lee, P. (2003). Int. J. Astrobiol. 1, 311-323.
27. Friedmann, E. I. (1982). Science 215, 1045-1053.
28. Friedmann, E. I., Hua, M. & Ocampo-Friedmann, R. (1988). Polarforschung 58, 251-259.
29. Friedmann, E. I., Rivkina, E. M., McKay, C. P. & Gilichinsky, D. A. (1999). Microbial growth rates in permafrost down to - 20°C. In ISSOL'99, July 1-16, 1999, San Diego, Abstract cB2.6, p. 47.
30. Freidmann, E. I. & Weed, R. (1987). Science 236, 645-752.
31. Galinski, E. A. (1995). Adv. Microb. Physiol. 27, 272-328.
32. Gendrin, A. et al. (2005). Science 307, 1587-1591.
33. Gilichinsky, D., Rivkina, E., Shcherbakova, V., Laurinavichuis, K. & Tiedje, J. (2003). Astrobiology 3, 331-341.
34. Glasby, G., McPherson, J., Kohn, B., Johnston, J., Keys, J., Freeman, A. & Tricker, M. (1981). J Geol. Geophys. 24, 389-397.
35. Glavin, D., Dworkin, J., Aubrey, A., Botta, O., Doty III, J., Martins, Z. & Bada, J. (2006). Meteoritics Planet. Sci. 41, 889-902.
36. Golombek, M., Grant, J., Crumpler, L., Greeley, R., Arvidson, R. & the Athena Science Team. (2005). Climate change from the Mars Exploration Rover landing sites: From wet in the Noachian to dry and desiccating since the Hesperian. In Proc. Lunar and Planetary Science Conf. XXXVI, p. 1539.
37. Greeley, R., Bridges, N., Kuzmin, R. & Laity, J. (2002). J. Geophys. Res. 107, 5005.
38. Grima, C., Kofman, W., Mouginot, J., Herique, A., Biccari, D. & Seu, R. (2008). Dielectric Mapping of bulk polar ices of Mars with SHARAD radar data. American Geophysical Union 2008 Fall Meeting, P41B-1372.
39. Grimm, R., Stillman, D. & Dec, S. (2007). Abundance and Electrical Properties of Interfacial Water in the Martian Regolith. In Proc. Lunar and Planetary Science Conf. XXXVIII, p. 2249.
40. Grotzinger, J. P. et al. (2005). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 240, 11-72.
41. Hand, K., Carlson, R., Sun, H., Anderson, M., Wynn, W. & Levy, R. (2005). Waves of the future (for Mars): in-situ mid-infrared, nearinfrared, and visible spectroscopic analysis of Antarctic cryptoendolithic communities. American Geophysical Union 2005 Fall Meeting, p. P51D-0959.
42. Hecht, M. H. et al. (2009). Science 325, 64-67.
43. Herborg, L. M., Thomas, D. N., Kennedy, H., Haas, C. & Dieckmann, G. S. (2001). Antarct. Sci. 13, 119-125.
44. Hong, B., Christiansen, J. M., Oboh-Ikuenobe, F. E., Bowen, B. B., Benison, K. C. & Mormile, M. R. (2006). Microbial diversity found in the acid saline lakes of Australia. Abstracts, American Society for Microbiology 106th General Meeting, p. 388.
45. Bada, J. L. et al. (2007). Space Sci. Rev. 135, 269-279.
46. Bada, J. L., Glavin, D. P., McDonald, G. D. & Becker, L. (1998). Science 279, 362-365.
47. Baker, V. R. (2001). Nature 412, 228-236.
48. Baker, V. R., Strom, R. G., Gulick, V. C., Kargel, J. S., Komatsu, G. & Kale, V. S. (1991). Nature 352, 589-594.
49. Baldridge, A. et al. (2008). Using Australian acidic playa lakes as analogs for phyllosilicate and sulfate depositional environments on Mars. American Geophysical Union 2008 Fall Meeting, P44A-06.
50. Baumstark-Khan, C. & Facius, R. (2001). Life under conditions of ionizing radiation. In Astrobiology: The Quest for the Conditions of Life, ed. Horneck, G. & Baumstark-Kahns, C., pp. 260-283. Springer, New York.
51. Becker, L., Glavin, D. P. & Bada, J. L. (1997). Geochim. Cosmochim Acta 61, 475-481.
52. Benison, K. C. & Bowen, B. B. (2006). Icarus 183, 225-229.
53. Bertelsen, P. et al. (2004). Science 305, 827-829.
54. Bibring, J.-P. et al. (2005). Science 307, 1576-1581.
55. Bibring, J. P. et al. (2006). Science 312, 400-404.
56. Biemann, K. et al. (1977). J. Geophys. Res. 82, 4641-4658.
57. Billi, D. & Potts, M. (2002). Res. Microbiol. 153, 7-12.
58. Birur, G., Pauken, M. & Novak, K. (2002). Thermal control of Mars rovers and landers using mini loop heat pipes. in Proc. 12th International Heat Pipe Conf.
59. Blackhurst, R., Genge, M., Kearsley, A. & Grady, M. (2005). J. Geophys. Res. 110, E12S24.
60. Blackhurst, R., Jarvis, K. & Grady, M. (2004). Int. J. Astrobiol. 3, 97-106.
61. Bonaccorsi, R. & McKay, C. P. (2008). Total biomass and organics along a N-S moisture gradient of the Atacama region, Chile. In Proc. Lunar and Planetary Science Conf. XXXIX, p. 1489.
62. Botta, O., Fristad, K., Mahaffy, P., Eigenbrode, J. & Steele, A. (2007). Dolomite sample from Svalbard, Norway, analyzed using the pyrolysis protocol of the SAM Instrument. In Proc. Lunar and Planetary Science Conf. XXXVIII, p. 1466.
63. Botta, O., Martins, Z., Emmenegger, C., Dworkin, J., Glavin, D., Harvey, R., Zenobi, R., Bada, J. & Ehrenfreund, P. (2008). Meteoritics Planet. Sci. 43, 1465-1480.
64. Bowen, B. B., Benison, K. C., Oboh-Ikuenobe, F. E., Story, S. & Mormile, M. R. (2008). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 268, 52-63.
65. Broecker, W. & Liu, T. (2001). Geol. Today 11, 4-10.
66. Bryant, E. & Rech, S. (2008). Astrobiology 8, 427.
67. Bullock, M. A., Stoker, C. R., McKay, C. P. & Zent, A. P. (1994). Icarus 107, 142-154.
68. Burt, D. M. (1981). Econ. Geol. 76, 832-843.
69. Byrne, S. et al. (2009). Science 325, 1674-1676.
70. Byrnes, J., Finnegan, D., Anderson, S. & Ramsey, M. (2006). Analyses of Amboy Crater, Mojave Desert, California, as an Analog for Small Martian Volcanoes. In Proc. Lunar and Planetary Science Conf. XXXVII, p. 1205.
71. Cabane, M. et al. (2004). Adv. Space Res. 33, 2240-2245.
72. Carpenter, E. J., Lin, S. & Capone, D. G. (2000). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66, 4514-4517.
73. Carr, M. H. (1996). Water on Mars. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
74. Christensen, P. R. (2003). Nature 422, 45-48.
75. Christensen, P. R. et al. (2004). Science 306, 1733-1739.
76. Christie, D. M., Carmichael, I. S. E. & Langmuir, C. H. (1986). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 79, 397-411.
77. Chun, S. F. S., Pang, K. D., Cutts, J. A. & Ajello, J. M. (1978). Nature 274, 875-876.
78. Clark, B. C. et al. (2005). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 240, 73-94.
79. Clarke, J. D. A., Bone, Y. & James, N. P. (1996). Sediment. Geol. 101, 213-226.
80. Clemmett, S., Dulay, M., Gilette, J., Chillier, X., Mahajan, T. & Zare, R. (1998). Faraday Discussions 109, 417-436.
81. Clifford, S. M. & Parker, T. J. (2001). Icarus 154, 40-79.
82. Cockell, C. S. & Raven, J. A. (2004). Icarus 169, 300-310.
83. Cockell, C. S., Schuerger, A. C., Billi, D., Friedmann, E. I. & Panitz, C. (2005). Astrobiology 5, 127-140.
84. Horneck, G. (2000). Planet. Space Sci. 48, 1053-1063.
85. Horowitz, N. H., Hobby, G. L. & Hubbard, J. S. (1977). J. Geophys. Res. 82, 4659-4662.
86. Hughes, K. A. & Lawley, B. (2003). Environ. Microbiol. 5, 555-565.
87. Hunten, D. M. (1979). J. Mol. Evol. 14, 71-78.
88. Hviid, S. F. et al. (1997). Science 278, 1768-1770.
89. Hynek, B. M. & Phillips, R. J. (2008). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 274, 214-220.
90. Ivanov, M., Korteniemi, J., Kostama, V., Aittola, M., Raitala, J., Glamoclija, M., Marinangeli, L. & Neukum, G. (2005). J. Geophys. Res. 110, E12S21.
91. Jakosky, B., Nealson, K., Bakermans, C., Ley, R. & Mellon, M. (2003). Astrobiology 3, 343-350.
92. Johnson, B. (1998). FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 27, 307-317.
93. Jorge-Villar, S., Benning, L., Edwards, H. & the AMASE team. (2007). Geochem. Trans. 8, 8.
94. Jorge-Villar, S. E., Edwards, H. G. M. & Benning, L. G. (2006). Icarus 184, 158-169.
95. Jouglet, D., Poulet, F., Milliken, R., Mustard, J., Bibring, J. P., Langevin, Y., Gondet, B. & Gomez, C. (2007). J. Geophys. Res. 112, E08S06.
96. Junge, K., Eicken, H. & Deming, J. (2004). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70, 550-557.
97. Junge, K., Eicken, H., Swanson, B. D. & Deming, J. W. (2006). Cryobiology 52, 417-429.
98. Junge, K., Krembs, C., Deming, J., Stierle, A. & Eicken, H. (2001). Ann. Glaciol. 33, 304-310.
99. Karl, D. M., Bird, D. F., Bjorkman, K., Houlihan, T., Shackelford, R. & Tupas, L. (1999). Science 286, 2144-2147.
100. Kemurdjian, A. L. (1998). Planet rover as an object of the engineering design work. Robotics and Automation, 1998. In Proc. 1998 IEEE International Conf. on Robotics and Automation, Belgium, 2, pp. 140-145.
101. Ketch, L. A., Malloch, D., Mahaney, W. C. & Huffman, M. A. (2001). Soil Biol. Biochem. 33, 199-203.
102. Kilinc, A., Carmichael, I. S. E., Rivers, M. L. & Sack, R. O. (1983). Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 83, 136-140.
103. Kirschman, R. K., Sokolowski, W. M. & Kolawa, E. A. (2001). J. Electron. Packag. 123, 105-111.
104. Klein, H. P. (1979). Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 17, 1655-1662.
105. Klein, H. P. (1998). J. Geophys. Res. 103, 28463-28466.
106. Klingelhofer, G. et al. (2004). Science 306, 1740-1745.
107. Kminek, G. & Bada, J. L. (2006). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 245, 1-5.
108. Knoll, A. H. et al. (2005). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 240, 179-189.
109. Le Rudulier, D. & Bouillard, L. (1983). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 46, 152-159.
110. Liu, T. (2003). Geomorphology 53, 209-234.
111. Lovley, D. R. (1991). Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 55, 259-287.
112. Madden, M. E., Bodnar, R. J. & Rimstidt, J. D. (2004). Nature 431, 821-823.
113. Maier, R. M., Drees, K. P., Neilson, J. W., Henderson, D. A., Quade, J., Betancourt, J. L., Rafael, N.-G., Rainey, F. A. & McKay, C. P. (2004). Science 306, 1289-1290.
114. Mancinelli, R. L., Fahlen, T. F., Landheim, R. & Klovstad, M. R. (2004). Adv. Space Res. 33, 1244-1246.
115. Mattingly, R., Matousek, S. & Jordan, F. (2004). Continuing evolution of Mars sample return. In Proc. IEEE Aerospace Conf., March 2004, p. 1392.
116. McDonald, G. D. & Bada, J. L. (1995). Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 59, 1179-1184.
117. McElroy, M. B., Kong, T. Y. & Yung, Y. L. (1977). J. Geophys. Res. 82, 4379-4388.
118. McKay, C. P., Friedmann, E. I., Gomez-Silva, B., Caceres-Villanueva, L., Andersen, D. T. & Landheim, R. (2003). Astrobiology 3, 393-406.
119. McLennan, S. M. et al. (2005). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 240, 95-121.
120. Mellon, M. T. & Jakosky, B. M. (1993). J. Geophys. Res. 98, 3345-3364.
121. Menzel, U. & Gottschalk, G. (1985). Arch. Arch. Microbiol. 143, 47-51.
122. Miller, A. (1976). World Surv. Climato. 12, 113-145.
123. Mohammad, F. A. A., Reed, R. H. & Stewart, W. D. P. (1983). FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 16, 287-290.
124. Mormile, M. R., Hong, B., Adams, N. T., Benison, K. C. & Oboh-Ikuenobe, F. E. (2007). Characterization of a moderately halo-acidophilic bacterium isolated from Lake Brown, Western Australia. In Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology: Proc. of the SPIE Annual Meeting, 33, p. 6694.
125. Morris, R. V. et al. (2008). J. Geophys. Res. 113, E12S42.
126. Murchie, S., Barnouin-Jha, O., Barnoiun-Jha, K., Bishop, J., Johnson, J., McSween, H. & Morris, R. V. (2004). In Proc. Lunar and Planetary Science Conf. XXXV, p. 1740.
127. Navarro-Gonzalez, R. et al. (2003). Science 302, 1018-1021.
128. Nealson, K. (1999). Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 29, 73-93.
129. Nelson, G. A. (2003). Gravitational Space Biol. Bull. 16, 29-36.
130. Nienow, J. A., McKay, C. & Friedmann, E. (1988). Microb. Ecol. 16, 271-289.
131. Oren, A. (2002). J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 28, 56-63.
132. Oro, J. & Holzer, G. (1979). J. Mol. Evol. 14, 153-160.
133. Osburn, M. R. et al. (2007). Geomorphic and aqueous chemistry of a portion of the Upper Rio Tinto System, Spain. In Proc. Lunar and Planetary Science Conf. XXXVIII, p. 1740.
134. Oyama, V. I. & Berdahl, B. J. (1977). J. Geophys. Res. 82, 4669-4676.
135. Palmer, R. J. (1990). Microb. Ecol. 19, 111-118.
136. Parker, T. J., Stephen Saunders, R. & Schneeberger, D. M. (1989). Icarus 82, 111-145.
137. Parnell, J. (2004). Int. J. Astrobiol. 3, 131-137.
138. Peeters, Z., Quinn, R., Martins, Z., Sephton, M. A., Becker, L., van Loosdrecht, M. C. M., Brucato, J., Grunthaner, F. & Ehrenfreund, P. (2009). Int. J. Astrobiol. 8, 301-315.
139. Perry, R., Lynne, B., Sephton, M., Kolb, V., Perry, C. & Staley, J. (2006). Geology 34, 537-540.
140. Perry, R. S., Engel, M. H., Botta, O. & Staley, J. T. (2003). Geomicrobiol. J. 20, 427-438.
141. Perry, R. S. & Sephton, M. A. (2006). Astron. Geophys. 47, 34-35.
142. Pimentel, G. C., Forney, P. B. & Herr, K. C. (1974). J. Geophys. Res. 79, 1623-1634.
143. Pollack, J. B., Kasting, J. F., Richardson, S. M. & Poliakoff, K. (1987). Icarus 71, 203-224.
144. Potter, R. & Rossman, G. (1977). Science 196, 1446-1448.
145. Potts, M. (1994). Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 58, 755-805.
146. Potts, M. & Friedmann, E. I. (1981). Arch. Microbiol. 130, 267-271.
147. Price, P. B. & Sowers, T. (2004). Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 4631-4636.
148. Priscu, J. & Christner, B. (2004). Earth's icy biosphere. In: Microbial diversity and bioprospecting, ed. Bulls, A., p. 130-145. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, DC.
149. Priscu, J. C. et al. (1999). Science 286, 2141-2144.
150. Priscu, J. C. et al. (1998). Science 280, 2095-2098.
151. Pullan, D. et al. (2008). Astrobiology 8, 119-156.
152. Quinn, R. C., Zent, A. P., Grunthaner, F. J., Ehrenfreund, P., Taylor, C. L. & Garry, J. R. C. (2005). Planet. Space Sci. 53, 1376-1388.
153. Reid, I. N. et al. (2006). Int. J. Astrobiol. 5, 89-97.
154. Rettberg, P., Rabbow, E., Panitz, C. & Horneck, G. (2004). Adv. Space Res. 33, 1294-1301.
155. Rivkina, E. M., Friedmann, E. I., McKay, C. P. & Gilichinsky, D. A. (2000). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66, 3230-3233.
156. Rivkina, E., Gilichinsky, D., Wagener, S., Tiekje, J. & McGrath, J. (1998). Geomicrobiol J. 15, 187-193.
157. Rochette, P., Gattacceca, J., Menvielle, M., Eisenlohr, P. & Chevrier, V. (2004). Planet. Space Sci. 52, 987-995.
158. Rundel, P. W., Dillon, M. O., Palma, B., Mooney, H. A., Gulmon, S. L. & Ehleringer, J. R. (1991). ALISO 13, 1-49.
159. Russell, N. C., Edwards, H. G. & Wynn-Williams, D. D. (1998). Antarct. Sci. 10, 63-74.
160. Sabater, S., Buchaca, T., Cambra, J., Catalan, J., Guasch, H., Ivona, N., Muñoz, I., Navarro, E. & Romaní, A. (2003). J. Phycol. 39, 481-489.
161. Sarrazin, P., Brunner, W., Blake, D., Steele, A., Midtkandal, I. & Amundsen, H. (2007). Eos Trans. AGU 88, P31C-0548.
162. Schleper, C., Puehler, G., Holz, I., Gambacorta, A., Janekovic, D., Santarius, U., Klenk, H. & ZIllig, W. (1995). J. Bacteriol. 177, 7050-7059.
163. Schuerger, A. C., Mancinelli, R. L., Kern, R. G., Rothschild, L. J. & McKay, C. P. (2003). Icarus 165, 253-276.
164. Sheridan, P., Miteva, V. & Brenchley, J. (2003). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69, 2153-2160.
165. Shibly, H., Iagnemma, K. & Dubowsky, S. (2005). J. Terramech. 42, 1-13.
166. Skelley, A. M., Aubrey, A. D., Willis, P. A., Amashukeli, X., Ehrenfreund, P., Bada, J. L., Grunthaner, F. J. & Mathies, R. (2007). J. Geophys. Res. 112, G04S11.
167. Skelley, A. M., Scherer, J. R., Aubrey, A. D., Grover, W. H., Ivester, R. H. C., Ehrenfreund, P., Grunthaner, F. J., Bada, J. L. & Mathies, R. A. (2005). Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 102, 1041-1046.
168. Smith, P. (2009). Phoenix in Wonderland. American Astronomical Society, AAS Meeting, session 114, p. 213.
169. Smith, P. et al. (2009). Science 325, 58-61.
170. Solomon, S. (1999). Rev. Geophys. 37, 275-316.
171. Squyres, S. W. et al. (2004a). Science 306, 1698-1703.
172. Squyres, S. W. et al. (2004b). Science 306, 1709-1714.
173. Squyres, S. W. & Knoll, A. H. (2005). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 240, 1-10.
174. Staley, J. T. & Gosink, J. J. (1999). Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 53, 189-215.
175. Steele, A., Amundsen, H. & Botta, O. (2006). The Arctic Mars Analogue Svalbard Expedition 2006. In Mars 2030 - AustroMars Science Workshop, pp. 55-60.
176. Sterflinger, K. (2000). Geomicrobiol. J. 17, 97-124.
177. Stoker, C. R. & Bullock, M. A. (1997). J. Geophys. Res. 102, 10881-10888.
178. Sun, H. J. & Friedmann, E. I. (1999). Geomicrobiol. J. 16, 193-202.
179. Swayze, G. A. et al. (2008). Discovery of the acid-sulfate mineral alunite in Terra Sirenum, Mars, Using MRO CRISM: Possible evidence for acidsaline lacustrine deposits? American Geophysical Union 2008 Fall Meeting, p. P44A-04.
180. Tosca, N. J., Knoll, A. H. & McLennan, S. M. (2008). Science 320, 1204-1207.
181. Tosca, N. J., Mclennan, S., Clark, B., Grotzinger, J., Hurowitz, J., Knoll, A., Schroder, C. & Squyres, S. (2005). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 240, 122-148.
182. Vishnivetskaya, T. A., Petrova, M. A., Urbance, J., Ponder, M., Moyer, C. L., Gilichinsky, D. A. & Tiedje, J. M. (2006). Astrobiology 6, 400-414.
183. Vorobyova, E., Soina, V., Gorlenko, M., Minkovskaya, N., Zalinova, N., Mamukelashvili, A., Gilichinsky, D., Rivkina, E. & Vishnivetskaya, T. (1997). FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 20, 277-290.
184. Warren-Rhodes, K., Rhodes, K., Pointing, S., Ewing, S., Lacap, D., Gomez-Silva, B., Amundson, R., Friedmann, E. & McKay, C. (2006). Microb. Ecol. 52, 389-398.
185. Watters, T. R. et al. (2007). Science 318, 1125-1128.
186. Weber, P. & Greenberg, J. (1985). Nature 316, 403-407.
187. Wierzchos, J., Ascaso, C., Sancho, L. G. & Green, A. (2003). Geomicrobiol. J. 20, 15-24.
188. Wynn-Williams, D. D. (1994). Antarct. Res. Book Ser. 62, 243-57.
189. Wynn-Williams, D. D. & Edwards, H. G. M. (2000). Planet. Space Sci. 48, 1065-1075.
190. Yen, A. et al. (2006). Evidence for halite at Meridiani Planum. In Proc. Lunar and Planetary Science Conf. XXXVII.
191. Yen, A. S., Kim, S. S., Hecht, M. H., Frant, M. S. & Murray, B. (2000). Science 289, 1909-1912.
192. Yen, A. S., Murray, B. C. & Rossman, G. R. (1998). J. Geophys. Res. 103, 11125-11134.
193. Yong, R. N., MacDonald, E. M. & Everett, A. J. (1998). Influence of pH, metal concentration, and soil component removal on retention of Pb and Cu by an illitic Soil. In Adsorption of Metals by Geomedia, pp. 229-253. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
194. Young, L. A., Aiken, E., Lee, P. & Briggs, G. (2005). Mars rotorcraft: possibilities, limitations, and implications for human/robotic exploration. In Proc. IEEE Aerospace Conf., p. 1274.
195. Zent, A. P. (2000). Bull. Am. Astron. Soc. 32, 1119.
196. Zent, A. P. & McKay, C. P. (1994). Icarus 108, 146-157.
197. Zent, A. P., Quinn, R. C., Grunthaner, F. J., Hecht, M. H., Buehler, M. G., McKay, C. P. & Ricco, A. J. (2003). Planet. Space. 51, 167-175.