메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 48, Issue 11, 2000, Pages 1053-1063

The microbial world and the case for Mars

Author keywords

Biomarker; Extremophiles; Mars; Microbial communities

Indexed keywords


EID: 0345792455     PISSN: 00320633     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s0032-0633(00)00079-9     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (90)

References (92)
  • 1
    • 0002271268 scopus 로고
    • Microorganisms in the Antarctic ice
    • Friedmann, E. (Ed.), Wiley, New York
    • Abyzov, S.S., 1993. Microorganisms in the Antarctic ice. In: Friedmann, E. (Ed.), Antarctic Microbiology. Wiley, New York, pp. 265-295.
    • (1993) Antarctic Microbiology , pp. 265-295
    • Abyzov, S.S.1
  • 2
    • 0001375462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microflora of the deep glacier horizon of Central Antarctica
    • Abyzov, S.S., Mitskevich, I.N., Poglazova, M.N., 1998a. Microflora of the deep glacier horizon of Central Antarctica. Microbiology 67, 451-458 (translated from Mikrobiologiya 67, 547-555).
    • (1998) Microbiology , vol.67 , pp. 451-458
    • Abyzov, S.S.1    Mitskevich, I.N.2    Poglazova, M.N.3
  • 3
    • 0001375462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • translated
    • Abyzov, S.S., Mitskevich, I.N., Poglazova, M.N., 1998a. Microflora of the deep glacier horizon of Central Antarctica. Microbiology 67, 451-458 (translated from Mikrobiologiya 67, 547-555).
    • Mikrobiologiya , vol.67 , pp. 547-555
  • 5
    • 0026677380 scopus 로고
    • Identification and in situ detection of individual bacterial cells
    • Amann, R., Ludwig, W., Schleifer, K.-H., 1992. Identification and in situ detection of individual bacterial cells. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 100, 45-50.
    • (1992) FEMS Microbiol. Lett. , vol.100 , pp. 45-50
    • Amann, R.1    Ludwig, W.2    Schleifer, K.-H.3
  • 6
    • 0029258105 scopus 로고
    • Life on Mars? II. Physical restrictions
    • Banin, A., Mancinelli, R.L., 1995. Life on Mars? II. Physical restrictions. Adv. Space Res. 15 (3), 171-178.
    • (1995) Adv. Space Res. , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 171-178
    • Banin, A.1    Mancinelli, R.L.2
  • 7
    • 0028343555 scopus 로고
    • Remarkable archaeal diversity detected in a Yellowstone National Park hot spring environment
    • Barns, S.M., Fundyga, R.E., Jeffries, M.W., Pace, N.R., 1994. Remarkable archaeal diversity detected in a Yellowstone National Park hot spring environment. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 1609-1613.
    • (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.91 , pp. 1609-1613
    • Barns, S.M.1    Fundyga, R.E.2    Jeffries, M.W.3    Pace, N.R.4
  • 8
    • 0002853849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Confocal laser scanning microscopy: A new method for detecting microorganisms in natural stone
    • Bartosch, S., Quader, H., Bock, E., 1996. Confocal laser scanning microscopy: a new method for detecting microorganisms in natural stone. DECHEMA Monographs 133, 37-43.
    • (1996) DECHEMA Monographs , vol.133 , pp. 37-43
    • Bartosch, S.1    Quader, H.2    Bock, E.3
  • 10
    • 0027105665 scopus 로고
    • On the possibility of chemosynthetic ecosystems in the subsurface habitats on Mars
    • Boston, P.J., Ivanov, M.V., McKay, C.P., 1992. On the possibility of chemosynthetic ecosystems in the subsurface habitats on Mars. Icarus 95, 300-308.
    • (1992) Icarus , vol.95 , pp. 300-308
    • Boston, P.J.1    Ivanov, M.V.2    McKay, C.P.3
  • 12
    • 0018517414 scopus 로고
    • Soil stabilization by a procaryotic desert crust: Implication for precambrian land biota
    • Campbell, S.E., 1979. Soil stabilization by a procaryotic desert crust: implication for precambrian land biota. Origins Life Evol. Biopshere 9, 335-348.
    • (1979) Origins Life Evol. Biopshere , vol.9 , pp. 335-348
    • Campbell, S.E.1
  • 13
    • 0028975575 scopus 로고
    • Revival and identification of bacterial spores in 25- To 40-million-year-old Dominican amber
    • Cano, R.J., Borucki, M.K., 1995. Revival and identification of bacterial spores in 25- to 40-million-year-old Dominican amber. Science 268, 1060-1064.
    • (1995) Science , vol.268 , pp. 1060-1064
    • Cano, R.J.1    Borucki, M.K.2
  • 14
    • 0030438497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxford University Press, Oxford
    • Carr, M.H., 1996. Water on Mars. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
    • (1996) Water on Mars
    • Carr, M.H.1
  • 16
    • 0347497627 scopus 로고
    • Report of the Mars Exploration Study Team. ESA, Paris, ESA SP-1117
    • Chicarro, A.L., Scoon, G.E.N., Coradini, M.(Eds.), 1989. Mission to Mars, Report of the Mars Exploration Study Team. ESA, Paris, ESA SP-1117.
    • (1989) Mission to Mars
    • Chicarro, A.L.1    Scoon, G.E.N.2    Coradini, M.3
  • 17
    • 0027105308 scopus 로고
    • Anhydrobiosis: A strategy for survival
    • Crowe, L.M., Crowe, J.H., 1992. Anhydrobiosis: a strategy for survival. Adv. Space Res. 12 (4), 239-247.
    • (1992) Adv. Space Res. , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 239-247
    • Crowe, L.M.1    Crowe, J.H.2
  • 19
    • 0038279773 scopus 로고
    • Endolithic microorganisms in the Antarctic cold desert
    • Friedmann, E.I., 1982. Endolithic microorganisms in the Antarctic cold desert. Science 215, 1945-1953.
    • (1982) Science , vol.215 , pp. 1945-1953
    • Friedmann, E.I.1
  • 21
    • 0024958993 scopus 로고
    • Life on Mars: How it disappeared (if it was ever there)
    • Friedmann, E.I., Koriem, A.M., 1989. Life on Mars: how it disappeared (if it was ever there). Adv. Space Res. 9 (6), 167-172.
    • (1989) Adv. Space Res. , vol.9 , Issue.6 , pp. 167-172
    • Friedmann, E.I.1    Koriem, A.M.2
  • 22
    • 0023641542 scopus 로고
    • The cryptoendolithic microbial environment in the Ross Desert of Antarctica; satellite transmitted continuous nanoclimate data
    • Friedmann, E.I., McKay, C.P., Nienow, J.A., 1987. The cryptoendolithic microbial environment in the Ross Desert of Antarctica; satellite transmitted continuous nanoclimate data. Polar Biol. 7, 273-287.
    • (1987) Polar Biol. , vol.7 , pp. 273-287
    • Friedmann, E.I.1    McKay, C.P.2    Nienow, J.A.3
  • 23
    • 0017119257 scopus 로고
    • Endolithic blue-green algae in the dry valleys: Primary producers and the Antarctic desert ecosystem
    • Friedmann, E.I., Ocampo, R., 1976. Endolithic blue-green algae in the dry valleys: primary producers and the Antarctic desert ecosystem. Science 193, 1247-1249.
    • (1976) Science , vol.193 , pp. 1247-1249
    • Friedmann, E.I.1    Ocampo, R.2
  • 25
    • 84989741595 scopus 로고
    • A scalar irradiance fiber-optic microprobe for the measurement of ultraviolet radiation at high spatial resolution
    • Garcia-Pichel, F., 1995. A scalar irradiance fiber-optic microprobe for the measurement of ultraviolet radiation at high spatial resolution. Photochem. Photobiol. 61, 248-254.
    • (1995) Photochem. Photobiol. , vol.61 , pp. 248-254
    • Garcia-Pichel, F.1
  • 26
    • 0032103442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solar ultraviolet and the evolutionary history of cyanobacteria
    • Garcia-Pichel, F., 1998. Solar ultraviolet and the evolutionary history of cyanobacteria. Origins Life Evol. Biosphere 28, 321-347.
    • (1998) Origins Life Evol. Biosphere , vol.28 , pp. 321-347
    • Garcia-Pichel, F.1
  • 27
    • 0027552046 scopus 로고
    • Cryoprotective properties of water in the Earth cryolithosphere and its role in exobiology
    • Gilichinsky, D.A., Soina, V.S., Petrova, M.A., 1993. Cryoprotective properties of water in the Earth cryolithosphere and its role in exobiology. Origins Life Evol. Biosphere 23, 65-75.
    • (1993) Origins Life Evol. Biosphere , vol.23 , pp. 65-75
    • Gilichinsky, D.A.1    Soina, V.S.2    Petrova, M.A.3
  • 29
    • 0002882230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subaerial microbial mats and their effect on soil and rock
    • Riding, R.E., Awramik, S.M. (Eds.), Springer, Berlin
    • Gorbushina, A.A., Krumbein, W.E., 2000. Subaerial microbial mats and their effect on soil and rock. In: Riding, R.E., Awramik, S.M. (Eds.), Microbial Sediments. Springer, Berlin, pp. 161-170.
    • (2000) Microbial Sediments , pp. 161-170
    • Gorbushina, A.A.1    Krumbein, W.E.2
  • 30
    • 0029171460 scopus 로고
    • Exobiology, the study of the origin, evolution and distribution of life within the context of cosmic evolution: A review
    • Horneck, G., 1995. Exobiology, the study of the origin, evolution and distribution of life within the context of cosmic evolution: a review. Planet. Space Sci. 43, 189-217.
    • (1995) Planet. Space Sci. , vol.43 , pp. 189-217
    • Horneck, G.1
  • 31
    • 0028521442 scopus 로고
    • Long-term survival of bacterial spores in space
    • Horneck, G., Bücker, H., Reitz, G., 1994. Long-term survival of bacterial spores in space. Adv. Space Res. 14 (10), 41-45.
    • (1994) Adv. Space Res. , vol.14 , Issue.10 , pp. 41-45
    • Horneck, G.1    Bücker, H.2    Reitz, G.3
  • 32
    • 0001143136 scopus 로고
    • Viking on Mars: The carbon assimilation experiments
    • Horowitz, N.H., Hobby, G.L., Hubbard, J.S., 1977. Viking on Mars: the carbon assimilation experiments. J. Geophys. Res. 82, 4559-4662.
    • (1977) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.82 , pp. 4559-4662
    • Horowitz, N.H.1    Hobby, G.L.2    Hubbard, J.S.3
  • 34
    • 0346867041 scopus 로고
    • Potential for searching for chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms on Mars
    • NASA Contractor Report 3922 (24)
    • Ivanov, I.M., 1989. Potential for searching for chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms on Mars. USSR Space Life Sciences Digest (NASA Contractor Report 3922 (24)) 21, 38-40.
    • (1989) USSR Space Life Sciences Digest , vol.21 , pp. 38-40
    • Ivanov, I.M.1
  • 36
    • 0022197949 scopus 로고
    • Geomicrobiology and deep-sea hydrothermal vents
    • Jannasch, H.W., Mottl, M.J., 1985. Geomicrobiology and deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Science 229, 717-725.
    • (1985) Science , vol.229 , pp. 717-725
    • Jannasch, H.W.1    Mottl, M.J.2
  • 37
    • 0001685191 scopus 로고
    • Deep-sea primary production at the Galápgos hydrothermal vents
    • Karl, D.M., Wirsen, C.O., Jannasch, H.W., 1980. Deep-sea primary production at the Galápgos hydrothermal vents. Science 20, 1345-1347.
    • (1980) Science , vol.20 , pp. 1345-1347
    • Karl, D.M.1    Wirsen, C.O.2    Jannasch, H.W.3
  • 38
    • 0002793109 scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric evolution: The rise of oxygen
    • Schopf, J.W., Klein, C. (Eds.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • Kasting, J.F., Holland, H.D., Kump, L.R., 1992. Atmospheric evolution: the rise of oxygen. In: Schopf, J.W., Klein, C. (Eds.), The Proterozoic Biosphere, a Multidisciplinary Study. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 159-163.
    • (1992) The Proterozoic Biosphere, a Multidisciplinary Study , pp. 159-163
    • Kasting, J.F.1    Holland, H.D.2    Kump, L.R.3
  • 39
    • 0018531592 scopus 로고
    • The Viking mission and the search for life on Mars
    • Klein, H.P., 1979. The Viking mission and the search for life on Mars. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 17, 1655-1662.
    • (1979) Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. , vol.17 , pp. 1655-1662
    • Klein, H.P.1
  • 40
    • 0033426934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Did Viking discover life on Mars?
    • Klein, H.P., 1999. Did Viking discover life on Mars? Origins Life Evol. Biosphere. 29 625-631.
    • (1999) Origins Life Evol. Biosphere. , vol.29 , pp. 625-631
    • Klein, H.P.1
  • 41
    • 0002947936 scopus 로고
    • Microbial communities in the saturated groundwater environment, II. Diversity of bacterial communities in a Pleistocene sand aquifer and their in vitro activities
    • Kölbel-Boekle, J., Anders, E., Nehrkorn, A., 1988. Microbial communities in the saturated groundwater environment, II. Diversity of bacterial communities in a Pleistocene sand aquifer and their in vitro activities. Microb. Ecol. 16 31-48.
    • (1988) Microb. Ecol. , vol.16 , pp. 31-48
    • Kölbel-Boekle, J.1    Anders, E.2    Nehrkorn, A.3
  • 42
    • 0005165707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geophysiology and parahistology of the interactions of organisms with the environment
    • Krumbein, W.E., 1996. Geophysiology and parahistology of the interactions of organisms with the environment. Mar. Ecol. 17 1-21.
    • (1996) Mar. Ecol. , vol.17 , pp. 1-21
    • Krumbein, W.E.1
  • 43
    • 0018620846 scopus 로고
    • Solar radiation incident on the Martian surface
    • Kuhn, W.R., Atreya, S.K., 1979. Solar radiation incident on the Martian surface. J. Mol. Evol. 14, 57-64.
    • (1979) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.14 , pp. 57-64
    • Kuhn, W.R.1    Atreya, S.K.2
  • 45
    • 0000116021 scopus 로고
    • Recent results from the Viking labeled release experiment on Mars
    • Levin, G.V., Straat, P.A., 1977. Recent results from the Viking labeled release experiment on Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 82, 4663-4667.
    • (1977) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.82 , pp. 4663-4667
    • Levin, G.V.1    Straat, P.A.2
  • 46
    • 0004276245 scopus 로고
    • Oxford University Press, Oxford
    • Lovelock, J.E., 1979. Gaia. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
    • (1979) Gaia
    • Lovelock, J.E.1
  • 48
    • 0023039810 scopus 로고
    • Exobiology and future Mars missions: The search for Mars' earliest biosphere
    • McKay, C.P., 1986. Exobiology and future Mars missions: the search for Mars' earliest biosphere. Adv. Space Res. 6 (12), 269-285.
    • (1986) Adv. Space Res. , vol.6 , Issue.12 , pp. 269-285
    • McKay, C.P.1
  • 49
    • 0026411508 scopus 로고
    • Duration of liquid water habitats on early Mars
    • McKay, C.P., Davis, W., 1991. Duration of liquid water habitats on early Mars. Icarus 90, 214-221.
    • (1991) Icarus , vol.90 , pp. 214-221
    • McKay, C.P.1    Davis, W.2
  • 50
  • 51
    • 0016420608 scopus 로고
    • Microbial contributions to the evolution of the 'steady state' carbon dioxide system
    • Morita, R.Y., 1975. Microbial contributions to the evolution of the 'steady state' carbon dioxide system. Origins Life 6, 37-44.
    • (1975) Origins Life , vol.6 , pp. 37-44
    • Morita, R.Y.1
  • 52
    • 0016211876 scopus 로고
    • Dark repair of DNA containing "Pore photoproduct" in Bacillus subtilis
    • Munakata, N., Rupert, C.S., 1974. Dark repair of DNA containing "Pore photoproduct" in Bacillus subtilis. Mol. Gen. Genet. 130, 239-250.
    • (1974) Mol. Gen. Genet. , vol.130 , pp. 239-250
    • Munakata, N.1    Rupert, C.S.2
  • 53
    • 0032781336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-Viking microbiology: New approaches, new data, new insights
    • Nealson, K.H., 1999. Post-Viking microbiology: new approaches, new data, new insights. Origins Life Evol. Biosphere 29, 73-93.
    • (1999) Origins Life Evol. Biosphere , vol.29 , pp. 73-93
    • Nealson, K.H.1
  • 54
    • 0002353315 scopus 로고
    • Terrestrial lithophytic (rock) communities
    • Friedmann, E. (Ed.), Wiley, New York
    • Nienow, J.A., Friedmann, E.I., 1993. Terrestrial lithophytic (rock) communities. In: Friedmann, E. (Ed.), Antarctic Microbiology. Wiley, New York, pp. 343-412.
    • (1993) Antarctic Microbiology , pp. 343-412
    • Nienow, J.A.1    Friedmann, E.I.2
  • 55
    • 0001232759 scopus 로고
    • Preliminary findings of the Viking gas exchange experiment and a model for Martian surface chemistry
    • Oyama, V.I., Berdahl, B.J., Carle, G.C., 1977. Preliminary findings of the Viking gas exchange experiment and a model for Martian surface chemistry. Nature 265, 110-114.
    • (1977) Nature , vol.265 , pp. 110-114
    • Oyama, V.I.1    Berdahl, B.J.2    Carle, G.C.3
  • 56
    • 0028162155 scopus 로고
    • Deep bacterial biosphere in Pacific Ocean sediments
    • Parkes, R.J., Cragg, B.A., Bale, S.K., et al., 1994. Deep bacterial biosphere in Pacific Ocean sediments. Nature 371, 410-413.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.371 , pp. 410-413
    • Parkes, R.J.1    Cragg, B.A.2    Bale, S.K.3
  • 57
    • 0014929533 scopus 로고
    • The detection of optical asymmetry in biogenic molecules by gas chromatography for extraterrestrial space exploration: Sample processing studies
    • Pollock, G.E., Miyamoto, A.K., Oyama, V.I., 1970. The detection of optical asymmetry in biogenic molecules by gas chromatography for extraterrestrial space exploration: sample processing studies. Life Sci. Space Res. 8, 9-107.
    • (1970) Life Sci. Space Res. , vol.8 , pp. 9-107
    • Pollock, G.E.1    Miyamoto, A.K.2    Oyama, V.I.3
  • 58
    • 0027948550 scopus 로고
    • Desiccation tolerance of prokaryotes
    • Potts, M., 1994. Desiccation tolerance of prokaryotes. Microbiol. Rev. 58, 755-805.
    • (1994) Microbiol. Rev. , vol.58 , pp. 755-805
    • Potts, M.1
  • 59
    • 0005166254 scopus 로고
    • Konfokale-Laser-Raster-Mikroskopie: Eine neue Möglichkeit gesteinsbewohnende Mikroorganismen zu untersuchen
    • Quader, H., Bock, E., 1995. Konfokale-Laser-Raster-Mikroskopie: Eine neue Möglichkeit gesteinsbewohnende Mikroorganismen zu untersuchen. Int. J. Restoration Build. 1, 295-304.
    • (1995) Int. J. Restoration Build. , vol.1 , pp. 295-304
    • Quader, H.1    Bock, E.2
  • 60
    • 0033613862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 13C-Depleted carbon microparticles in > 3700-Ma sea-floor sedimentary rocks from West Greenland
    • 13C-Depleted carbon microparticles in > 3700-Ma sea-floor sedimentary rocks from West Greenland. Science 283, 674-676.
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 674-676
    • Rosing, M.T.1
  • 61
    • 0025697731 scopus 로고
    • Earth analogs for Martian life. Microbes in evaporites, a new model system for life on Mars
    • Rothschild, L.J., 1990. Earth analogs for Martian life. Microbes in evaporites, a new model system for life on Mars. Icarus 88, 246-260.
    • (1990) Icarus , vol.88 , pp. 246-260
    • Rothschild, L.J.1
  • 62
    • 0025832734 scopus 로고
    • A model of diurnal patterns of carbon fixation in a Precambrian microbial mat based on modern analog
    • Rothschild, L.J., 1991. A model of diurnal patterns of carbon fixation in a Precambrian microbial mat based on modern analog. BioSystems 25, 13-23.
    • (1991) BioSystems , vol.25 , pp. 13-23
    • Rothschild, L.J.1
  • 63
    • 0024958991 scopus 로고
    • Stable carbon isotope fractionation in the search for life on early Mars
    • Rothschild, L.J., DesMarais, D., 1989. Stable carbon isotope fractionation in the search for life on early Mars. Adv. Space Res. 9 (6), 159-165.
    • (1989) Adv. Space Res. , vol.9 , Issue.6 , pp. 159-165
    • Rothschild, L.J.1    DesMarais, D.2
  • 65
    • 0023796877 scopus 로고
    • A 3.800 million-year isotopic record of life from carbon in sedimentary rocks
    • Schidlowski, M., 1988. A 3.800 million-year isotopic record of life from carbon in sedimentary rocks. Nature 333, 313-318.
    • (1988) Nature , vol.333 , pp. 313-318
    • Schidlowski, M.1
  • 66
    • 0000784108 scopus 로고
    • The beginnings of life on Earth: Evidence from geological record
    • Greenberg, J.M., et al. (Ed.), Kluwer Academic Publisheres, Dordrecht
    • Schidlowski, M., 1993. The beginnings of life on Earth: evidence from geological record. In: Greenberg, J.M., et al. (Ed.), The Chemistry of Life's Origin. Kluwer Academic Publisheres, Dordrecht, pp. 389-414.
    • (1993) The Chemistry of Life's Origin , pp. 389-414
    • Schidlowski, M.1
  • 69
    • 0027341494 scopus 로고
    • Microfossils of the early Archean Apex chert: New evidence of the antiquity of life
    • Schopf, J.W., 1993. Microfossils of the early Archean Apex chert: new evidence of the antiquity of life. Science 260, 640-646.
    • (1993) Science , vol.260 , pp. 640-646
    • Schopf, J.W.1
  • 70
    • 0028321510 scopus 로고
    • Disparate rates, differing fates: Tempo and mode of evolution changed from the precambrian to the phanerozoic
    • Schopf, J.W., 1994. Disparate rates, differing fates: tempo and mode of evolution changed from the precambrian to the phanerozoic. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 6735-6742.
    • (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.91 , pp. 6735-6742
    • Schopf, J.W.1
  • 72
    • 0027105849 scopus 로고
    • The use of mineral crystals as bio-markers in the search for life on Mars
    • Schwartz, D.E., Mancinelli, R.L., Kaneshiro, E.S., 1992. The use of mineral crystals as bio-markers in the search for life on Mars. Adv. Space Res. 12 (4), 117-119.
    • (1992) Adv. Space Res. , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 117-119
    • Schwartz, D.E.1    Mancinelli, R.L.2    Kaneshiro, E.S.3
  • 73
    • 0028868465 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms for the prevention of damage to DNA in spores of Bacillus species
    • Setlow, P., 1995. Mechanisms for the prevention of damage to DNA in spores of Bacillus species. Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 49, 29-54.
    • (1995) Ann. Rev. Microbiol. , vol.49 , pp. 29-54
    • Setlow, P.1
  • 74
    • 0016299016 scopus 로고
    • The wavelengths in sunlight effective in producing skin cancer: A theoretical analysis
    • Setlow, R.B., 1974. The wavelengths in sunlight effective in producing skin cancer: a theoretical analysis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 71, 3363-3366.
    • (1974) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.71 , pp. 3363-3366
    • Setlow, R.B.1
  • 75
    • 0024274899 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of 15 selected coccal bacteria isolated from Antarctic rock and soil samples from the McMurdo-Dry Valleys (South Victoria land)
    • Siebert, J., Hirsch, P., 1988. Characterization of 15 selected coccal bacteria isolated from Antarctic rock and soil samples from the McMurdo-Dry Valleys (South Victoria land). Polar Biol. 9, 37-44.
    • (1988) Polar Biol. , vol.9 , pp. 37-44
    • Siebert, J.1    Hirsch, P.2
  • 76
    • 0029991767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperthermophilic procaryotes
    • Stetter, K.O., 1996. Hyperthermophilic procaryotes. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 18, 149-158.
    • (1996) FEMS Microbiol. Rev. , vol.18 , pp. 149-158
    • Stetter, K.O.1
  • 77
    • 0028972702 scopus 로고
    • Lithoautotrophic microbial ecosystems in deep basalt aquifers
    • Stevens, T.O., McKinley, J.P., 1995. Lithoautotrophic microbial ecosystems in deep basalt aquifers. Science 270, 450-454.
    • (1995) Science , vol.270 , pp. 450-454
    • Stevens, T.O.1    McKinley, J.P.2
  • 78
    • 0346867039 scopus 로고
    • Photosynthetic rate measurements
    • Bulletin Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa
    • Stickland, J.D.H., Parsons, T.R., 1968. Photosynthetic rate measurements. In: A Practical Handbook of Seawater Analysis, Bulletin 167. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa, pp. 261-278.
    • (1968) A Practical Handbook of Seawater Analysis , vol.167 , pp. 261-278
    • Stickland, J.D.H.1    Parsons, T.R.2
  • 79
    • 0022417175 scopus 로고
    • The microbial community at Laguna Figueroa, Baja California Mexico: From miles to microns
    • Stolz, J.F., 1985. The microbial community at Laguna Figueroa, Baja California Mexico: from miles to microns. Origins Life Evol. Biosphere 15, 347-352.
    • (1985) Origins Life Evol. Biosphere , vol.15 , pp. 347-352
    • Stolz, J.F.1
  • 80
    • 0021753088 scopus 로고
    • The stratified microbial community at Laguna Figueroa, Baja California, Mexico: A possible model for Prephanaerozoic laminated microbial communities preserved in cherts
    • Stolz, J.F., Margulis, L., 1984. The stratified microbial community at Laguna Figueroa, Baja California, Mexico: a possible model for Prephanaerozoic laminated microbial communities preserved in cherts. Origins Life Evol. Biosphere 14, 671-679.
    • (1984) Origins Life Evol. Biosphere , vol.14 , pp. 671-679
    • Stolz, J.F.1    Margulis, L.2
  • 81
    • 0030321745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipid biomarkers for bacterial ecosystems: Studies of cultured organisms, hydrothermal environments and ancient sediments
    • Bock, G.R., Goode, J.A. (Eds.), Evolution of Hydrothermal Ecosystems on Earth, Wiley, Chichester
    • Summons, R.E., Jahnke, L.L., Simoneit, B.R.T., 1996. Lipid biomarkers for bacterial ecosystems: studies of cultured organisms, hydrothermal environments and ancient sediments. In: Bock, G.R., Goode, J.A. (Eds.), Evolution of Hydrothermal Ecosystems on Earth, CIBA Foundation Symposium, Vol. 202. Wiley, Chichester, pp. 174-193.
    • (1996) CIBA Foundation Symposium , vol.202 , pp. 174-193
    • Summons, R.E.1    Jahnke, L.L.2    Simoneit, B.R.T.3
  • 82
    • 0002228855 scopus 로고
    • The microbiology of Antarcticsoils
    • Friedmann, E. (Ed.), Wiley, New York
    • Vishniac, H.S., 1993. The microbiology of Antarcticsoils. In: Friedmann, E. (Ed.), Antarctic Microbiology. Wiley, New York, pp. 297-341.
    • (1993) Antarctic Microbiology , pp. 297-341
    • Vishniac, H.S.1
  • 84
    • 33750827473 scopus 로고
    • Can spores survive in interstellar space?
    • Weber, P., Greenberg, J.M., 1985. Can spores survive in interstellar space? Nature 316, 403-407.
    • (1985) Nature , vol.316 , pp. 403-407
    • Weber, P.1    Greenberg, J.M.2
  • 85
    • 0024959253 scopus 로고
    • Early Martian environments: The Antarctic and other terrestrial analogs
    • Wharton, R.A., McKay, C.P., Mancinelli, R.L., Simmons, G.M., 1989. Early Martian environments: the Antarctic and other terrestrial analogs. Adv. Space Res. 9 (6), 147-153.
    • (1989) Adv. Space Res. , vol.9 , Issue.6 , pp. 147-153
    • Wharton, R.A.1    McKay, C.P.2    Mancinelli, R.L.3    Simmons, G.M.4
  • 86
    • 0025300402 scopus 로고
    • Towards a natural system of organisms: Proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria and Eucarya
    • Woese, C.R., Kandler, O., Wheelis, M.L., 1990. Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria and Eucarya. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 4576-4579.
    • (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.87 , pp. 4576-4579
    • Woese, C.R.1    Kandler, O.2    Wheelis, M.L.3
  • 87
    • 0037879212 scopus 로고
    • 3.5 Television image analysis of microbial communities in Antarctic fellfields
    • Wynn-Williams, D.D., 1988. 3.5 Television image analysis of microbial communities in Antarctic fellfields. Polarforschung 58, 239-249.
    • (1988) Polarforschung , vol.58 , pp. 239-249
    • Wynn-Williams, D.D.1
  • 88
    • 0001697385 scopus 로고
    • Potential effects of UV radiation on Antarctic primary terrestrial colonizers: Cyanobacteria, algae and cryptogams
    • Weiler, C.S., Penhale, P.A. (Eds.), American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC
    • Wynn-Williams, D.D., 1994. Potential effects of UV radiation on Antarctic primary terrestrial colonizers: Cyanobacteria, algae and cryptogams. In: Weiler, C.S., Penhale, P.A. (Eds.), Ultraviolet Radiation in Antarctica: Measurements and Biological Effects, Antarctic Research Series, Vol. 62. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, pp. 243-257.
    • (1994) Ultraviolet Radiation in Antarctica: Measurements and Biological Effects, Antarctic Research Series , vol.62 , pp. 243-257
    • Wynn-Williams, D.D.1
  • 89
    • 0029667597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of pioneer soil microalgal colonists to environmental change in Antarctica
    • Wynn-Williams, D.D., 1996. Response of pioneer soil microalgal colonists to environmental change in Antarctica. Microb. Ecol. 31, 177-188.
    • (1996) Microb. Ecol. , vol.31 , pp. 177-188
    • Wynn-Williams, D.D.1
  • 90
    • 0000795888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antarctic ecosystems as models for extraterrestrial surface habitats
    • Wynn-Williams, D.D., Edwards, H.G.M., 2000. Antarctic ecosystems as models for extraterrestrial surface habitats. Planet. Space Sci. 48, 1065-1075.
    • (2000) Planet. Space Sci. , vol.48 , pp. 1065-1075
    • Wynn-Williams, D.D.1    Edwards, H.G.M.2
  • 91
    • 0001147750 scopus 로고
    • The chemical reactivity of the Martian soil and implications for future missions
    • Zent, A.P., McKay, C.P., 1994. The chemical reactivity of the Martian soil and implications for future missions. Icarus 108, 146-157.
    • (1994) Icarus , vol.108 , pp. 146-157
    • Zent, A.P.1    McKay, C.P.2
  • 92
    • 0013776758 scopus 로고
    • Molecules as documents of evolutionary history
    • Zuckerkandl, E., Pauling, L., 1965. Molecules as documents of evolutionary history. J. Theoret. Biol. 8, 357-366.
    • (1965) J. Theoret. Biol. , vol.8 , pp. 357-366
    • Zuckerkandl, E.1    Pauling, L.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.