Quantum cascade laser-based photoacoustic spectroscopy for trace vapor detection and molecular discrimination

Sensors

Volumn 10, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 1986-2002

  Holthoff, Ellen ^a   Bender, John ^a   Pellegrino, Paul ^a   Fisher, Almon ^b  

^a U S ARMY RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

^b Infotonics Technology Center   (United States)

Author keywords

Chemometrics; MEMS; Photoacoustic spectroscopy; Quantum cascade laser; Sensor

Indexed keywords

CHEMOMETRICS; INFRARED SPECTRUM; MICRO ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEM (MEMS); MID-INFRARED QUANTUM CASCADE; MOLECULAR DISCRIMINATION; PARTIAL LEAST-SQUARES REGRESSION; PHOTOACOUSTIC SENSORS; PHOTOACOUSTIC SPECTRA;

ACETIC ACID; ACETONE; ELECTROMECHANICAL DEVICES; ETHERS; MEMS; PH; PHOTOACOUSTIC EFFECT; POLYOLS; QUANTUM CASCADE LASERS; SENSORS; VAPORS;

PHOTOACOUSTIC SPECTROSCOPY;

1,4-DIOXANE; ACETIC ACID; ACETONE; DIOXANE; DIOXANE DERIVATIVE; VINYL ACETATE; VINYL DERIVATIVE;

ALGORITHM; ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; CLASSIFICATION; DIODE LASER; GAS; INSTRUMENTATION; LIMIT OF DETECTION; METHODOLOGY; MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEM; PHOTOACOUSTICS; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SPECTROSCOPY;

ACETIC ACID; ACETONE; ALGORITHMS; DIOXANES; GASES; LASERS, SEMICONDUCTOR; LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS; LIMIT OF DETECTION; MICRO-ELECTRICAL-MECHANICAL SYSTEMS; PHOTOACOUSTIC TECHNIQUES; SPECTRUM ANALYSIS; VINYL COMPOUNDS;

EID: 77955480132     PISSN: 14248220     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/s100301986     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Nägele, M.; Sigrist, M.W. Mobile laser spectrometer with novel resonant multipass photoacoustic cell for trace-gas sensing Appl. Phys. B 2001, 70, 895-901.
2. Bijnen, F.G.C.; Reuss, J.; Harren, F.J.M. Geometrical optimization of a longitudinal photoacoustic cell for a sensitive and fast trace gas detection. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1996, 67, 2914-2933.
3. Firebaugh, S.L.; Jensen, K.F.; Schmidt, M.A. Miniaturization and integration of photoacoustic detection with a microfabricated chemical reactor system. JMEMS 2001, 10, 232-237.
4. Firebaugh, S.L.; Jensen, K.F.; Schmidt, M.A. Miniaturization and integration of photoacoustic detection. J. Appl. Phys. 2002, 92, 1555-1563.
5. Pellegrino, P.; Polcawich, R. Advancement of a MEMS photoacoustic chemical sensor. Proc. SPIE 2003, 5085, 52-63.
6. Pellegrino, P.; Polcawich, R.; Firebaugh, S.L. Miniature photoacoustic chemical sensor using microelectromechanical structures. Proc. SPIE 2004, 5416, 42-53.
7. Heaps, D.A.; Pellegrino, P. Examination of a quantum cascade laser source for a MEMS-scale photoacoustic chemical sensor. Proc. SPIE 2006, 6218, 621805-1-621805-9.
8. Heaps, D.A.; Pellegrino, P. Investigations of intraband quantum cascade laser source for a MEMS-scale photoacoustic sensor. Proc. SPIE 2007, 6554, 65540F-1-65540F-9.
9. Bonne, U.; Cole, B.E.; Higashi, R.E. Micromachined integrated opto-flow gas/liquid sensor. US Patent 5886249, March 23, 1999.
10. Holthoff, E.L.; Heaps, D.A.; Pellegrino, P.M. Development of a MEMS-Scale photoacoustic chemical sensor using a quantum cascade laser. IEEE Sens. J. 2010, 10, 572-577.
11. Patel, C.K.N.; Tam, A.C. Pulsed optoacoustic spectroscopy of condensed matter. Rev. Mod. Phys. 1981, 53, 517-550.
12. Kinney, J.B.; Staley, R.H. Applications of photoacoustic spectroscopy. Ann. Rev. Mater. Sci. 1982, 12, 295-321.
13. Tam, A.C. Applications of photoacoustic sensing techniques. Rev. Mod. Phys. 1986, 58, 381-431.
14. Polcawich, R.G.; Pellegrino, P.M. Microelectromechanical resonant photoacoustic cell. US Patent 7304732, August 19, 2003.
15. Miklós, A.; Hess, P.; Mohácsi, A.; Sneider, J.; Kamm, S.; Schafer, S. Improved photoacoustic detector for monitoring polar molecules such as ammonia with a 1.53 μm DFB diode laser. In proceedings of Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena: 10th International Conference, Scudieri, F., Bertolotti, M., Eds.; 1999.
16. Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels. Available online: www.webbook.nist.gov (accessedon February 26, 2010).
17. McMurry, J., Organic Chemistry. 5th ed.; Brooks/Cole: Pacific Grove, CA, USA, 1999.
18. Chemical Sampling Information: Acetic Acid. Available online: www.OSHA.gov (accessed on February 26, 2010)
19. Chemical Sampling Information: Acetone. Available online: www.OSHA.gov (accessed on February 27, 2010).
20. Chemical Sampling Information: Dioxane. Available online: www.OSHA.gov (accessed on February 25, 2010).
21. Chemical Sampling Information: Vinyl Acetate. Available online: www.OSHA.gov (accessed on February 26, 2010).
22. Beebe, K.R.; Pell, R.J.; Seasholtz, M.B. Chemometrics: A Practical Guide. John Wiley & Sons: New York, NY, USA, 1998.
23. Esbensen, K.H. Multivariate Data Analysis - In Practice. 5th ed.; CAMO Process AS: Oslo, Norway, 2004.