Gender-compensation differences among high-level executives in the United States

Industrial Relations

Volumn 49, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 346-370

  Muñoz Bullón, Fernando ^a  

^a UNIVERSIDAD CARLOS III DE MADRID   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GENDER IDENTITY; GENDER ISSUE; GENDER RELATIONS; WAGE DETERMINATION; WAGE GAP;

UNITED STATES;

EID: 77954164503     PISSN: 00198676     EISSN: 1468232X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-232X.2010.00604.x     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Adams Susan M, Gupta Atul, Haughton Dominique M, Leeth John D. Gender Differences in CEO Compensation: Evidence from the USA. Women in Management Review 2007, 22(3):208-24.
2. Ayadi Felix O, Obi Pat C. Is ROI Really an Adequate Measure of Firm Performance? American Business Review 1994, 12(2):69-75.
3. Baker George P, Murphy Kevin J, Jensen Michael C. Compensation and Incentives: Practice versus Theory. Journal of Finance 1992, 43(3):593-616.
4. Barbezat Debra A. Updating Estimates of Male-Female Salary Differentials in the Academic Labor Market. Economic Letters 1991, 36(2):191-95.
5. Bartow Eli, Mohanram Partha. Private Information, Earnings Manipulations and Executive Stock Option Exercises. Accounting Review: A Quarterly Journal of the American Accounting Association 2004, 79(4):889-920.
6. Bayard Kimberly, Kay Hellerstein Judith, Neumark David, Troske Kenneth. New Evidence on Sex Segregation and Sex Differences in Wage from Matched Employee-Employer Data. Journal of Labour Economics 2003, 21(4):889-922.
7. Berle Adolf A, Means Gardiner C. The Modern Corporation and Private Property 1932, New York, MacMillan
8. Bertrand Marianne, Hallock Kevin F. The Gender Gap in Top Corporate Jobs. Industrial and Labor Relations Review 2001, 55(1):3-21.
9. Blau Francine D, Ferber Marianne A. Discrimination: Empirical Evidence from the United States. American Economic Review 1987, 77(2):316-20.
10. Blinder Alan S. Wage Discrimination: Reduced Form and Structural Elements. Journal of Human Resources 1973, 8(4):436-55.
11. Borjas George J. Labor Economics 2005, 3rd ed, Boston, McGraw-Hill, Irwin
12. Cain Glenn C. The Economic Analysis of Labor Market Discrimination: A Survey. Handbook of Labor Economics 1986, 693-785. Ashenfelter OLayard R. In, edited by, pp, North Holland, Amsterdam
13. Corcoran Mary, Duncan Greg J. Work History, Labor Force Attachment and Earnings Difference between the Sexes. Journal of Human Resources 1979, 14:3-20.
14. Cox Donald. Panel Estimates of the Effects of Career Interruptions on the Earnings of Women. Economic Inquiry 1984, 22:386-403. July
15. Deleire Thomas, Levy Helen. Worker Sorting and the Risk of Death on the Job. Journal of Labor Economics 2004, 22(4):925-53.
16. Executive Pay: Up or Down? The Economist 2006, 380(8487):62. pp
17. Ely Kirsten M. Interindustry Differences in the Relation between Compensation and Firm Performance Variables. Journal of Accounting Research 1991, 29(Spring):37-58.
18. Farrell Warren. Why Men Earn More. The Startling Truth Behind the Pay Gap-and What Women Can Do About It 2005, New York, AMACOM
19. Finkelstein Sydney, Hambrick Donald C. Strategic Leadership: Top Executives and Their Effects on Organizations 1996, New York, West
20. Fischer Eileen, Reuber A Rebecca, Dyke Lorraine S. A Theoretical Overview and Extension of Research on Sex, Gender, and Entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing 1993, 8(2):151-68.
21. Fisher Franklin M, McGowan John J. On the Misuse of Accounting Rates of Return to Interfere Monopoly Profits. American Economic Review 1983, 73(1):82-97.
22. Francois Patrick, van Ours Jan C. Gender Wage Differentials in a Competitive Labor Market: The Household Interaction Effect 2000, IZA Discussion Paper 202
23. Gray Samuel R, Benson Philip G. Determinants of Executive Compensation in Small Business Development Centers. Nonprofit Management and Leadership 2003, 13(3):213-27.
24. Hall Brian J, Liebman Jeffrey B. Are CEOs Really Paid Like Bureaucrats? Quarterly Journal of Economics 1998, 113:653-91.
25. Hall Brian J, Murphy Kevin J. The Trouble with Stock Options. Journal of Economic Perspectives 2003, 17(3):49-70.
26. Healy Paul M. The Effect of Bonus Schemes on Accounting Decisions. Journal of Accounting and Economics 1985, 7:85-107.
27. Heckman James J, Solomon Polachek and Empirical Evidence on the Functional Form of the Earnings-Schooling Relationship. Journal of the American Statistical Association 1974, 69(346):350-54.
28. Hoffman Emily P. Faculty Salaries: Is There Discrimination by Sex, Race and Discipline? Additional Evidence. American Economic Review 1976, 66:401-19.
29. Jacobson Robert. The Validity of ROI as a Measure of Business Performance. The American Economic Review 1987, 77(3):470-78.
30. Jensen Michael C, Meckling William H. Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs, and Ownership Structure. Journal of Financial Economics 1976, 3:305-60.
31. Joshi H. Women's Participation in Paid Work. Further Analysis of the Women and Employment Survey. 1984, Department of Employment Research Paper, 45, London, Department of Employment
32. Kostiuk Peter F. Firm Size and Executive Compensation. The Journal of Human Resources 1990, 25(1):90-105.
33. Loury Linda Datcher. The Gender Earnings Gap among College-Educated Workers. Industrial and Labor Relations Review 1997, 50(4):580-93.
34. McNabb Robert & Victoria Wass. Male-Female Salary Differentials in British Universities. Oxford Economic Papers 1997, 49(3):328-43.
35. Meek Gary K, Rao Ramesh P, Skousen Christopher J. Evidence on Factors Affecting the Relationship between CEO Stock Compensation and Earnings Management. Review of Accounting and Finance 2007, 6(3):304-23.
36. Mehran Hamid, Tracy Joseph. The Effect of Employee Stock Option on the Evolution of Compensation in the 1990. FRBNY Economic Policy Review 2001, 17-34. December
37. Mincer Jacob A. Schooling, Experience and Earnings 1974, New York, Columbia University Press
38. Mincer Jacob, Ofek Haim. Interrupted Work Careers: Depreciation and Restoration of Human Capital. Journal of Human Resources 1982, 17:3-24. Winter
39. Muldrow Tressi W, Bayton James A. Men and Women Executives and Processes Related to Decision Accuracy. Journal of Applied Psychology 1979, 64(2):99-106.
40. Murphy Kevin J. Corporate Performance and Managerial Remuneration: An Empirical Analysis. Journal of Accounting and Economics 1985, 7(1-3):59-76.
41. Murphy Kevin J. Executive compensation. Handbook of Labor Economics 1999, 2485-563. Ashenfelter OCard D. In, Vol. 3, edited by, pp, North-Holland, Amsterdam
42. Murphy Kevin J. Stock-Based Pay in New Economy Firms. Journal of Accounting and Economics 2003, 34:129-147.
43. Niederle Muriel, Vesterlund Liese. Do Women Shy Away from Competition? Do Men Compete Too Much? Quarterly Journal of Economics 2007, 122(3):1067-101.
44. Oaxaca Ron L. Male-Female Differentials in Urban Labor Markets. International Economic Review 1973, 14(3):693-709.
45. Ofek Eli, Yermack David. Taking Stock: Equity-based Compensation and the Evolution of Managerial Ownership. The Journal of Finance 2000, 55(3):1327-84.
46. Renner Celia, Rives Janet M, Bowlin William F. The Significance of Gender in Explaining Senior Executive Pay Variations: An Exploratory Study. Journal of Managerial Issues 2002, 14(3):331-45.
47. Rosen Sherwin. Authority, Control, and the Distribution of Earnings. Bell Journal of Economics 1982, 13:311-23.
48. Skalpe Ole. Hotels and Restaurants-Are the Risks Rewarded? Evidence from Norway. Tourism Management 2003, 24(6):623-34.
49. Stanley Tom, Jarrell Stephen B. Gender Wage Discrimination Bias? A Meta-Regression Analysis. Journal of Human Resources 1998, 33(4):947-73.
50. Tosi Henry L, Werner Steve, Katz Jeffrey P, Gomez-Mejia Luis R. How Much Does Performance Matter? A Meta-Analysis of CEO Pay Studies. Journal of Management 2000, 26(2):301-39.
51. Weichselbaumer Doris, Winter-Ebmer Rudolf. A Meta-Analysis of the International Gender Wage Gap. Journal of Economic Surveys 2005, 19(3):479-511.