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Brenchley JM, Price DA, Schacker TW, et al. Microbial translocation is a cause of systemic immune activation in chronic HIV infection. Nat Med 2006; 12:1365-1371. This paper shows that the damage to the gastrointestinal tract that occurs during the acute phase of HIV infection allows microbial products to translocate into circulation and these microbial products directly stimulate the immune system and are a cause of immune activation.
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51
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Acute loss of intestinal CD4+ T cells is not predictive of simian immunodeficiency virus virulence
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This paper shows that acutely SIV-infected African green monkeys are depleted of gastrointestinal tract CD4 T cells, but these animals do not progress to AIDS or have microbial translocation
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Pandrea IV, Gautam R, Ribeiro RM, et al. Acute loss of intestinal CD4+ T cells is not predictive of simian immunodeficiency virus virulence. J Immunol 2007; 179:3035-3046. This paper shows that acutely SIV-infected African green monkeys are depleted of gastrointestinal tract CD4 T cells, but these animals do not progress to AIDS or have microbial translocation.
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Gordon SN, Klatt NR, Bosinger SE, et al. Severe depletion of mucosal CD4+ T cells in AIDS-free simian immunodeficiency virus-infected sooty mangabeys. J Immunol 2007; 179:3026-3034. This paper shows that SIV-infected sooty mangabeys also have significant gastrointestinal tract CD4 T cell depletion in the acute phase of HIV infection. It is important to note, however, that SIV-infected sooty mangabeys do not have microbial translocation or increased systemic immune activation.
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Gordon SN, Klatt NR, Bosinger SE, et al. Severe depletion of mucosal CD4+ T cells in AIDS-free simian immunodeficiency virus-infected sooty mangabeys. J Immunol 2007; 179:3026-3034. This paper shows that SIV-infected sooty mangabeys also have significant gastrointestinal tract CD4 T cell depletion in the acute phase of HIV infection. It is important to note, however, that SIV-infected sooty mangabeys do not have microbial translocation or increased systemic immune activation.
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53
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Virally induced CD4+ T cell depletion is not sufficient to induce AIDS in a natural host
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This paper describes two SIV-infected sooty mangabeys that become systemically depleted of CD4 T cells, but these animals do not develop opportunistic infections
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Milush JM, Reeves JD, Gordon SN, et al. Virally induced CD4+ T cell depletion is not sufficient to induce AIDS in a natural host. J Immunol 2007; 179:3047-3056. This paper describes two SIV-infected sooty mangabeys that become systemically depleted of CD4 T cells, but these animals do not develop opportunistic infections.
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Pandrea I, Apetrei C, Dufour J, et al. Simian immunodeficiency virus SIVagm. sab infection of Caribbean African green monkeys: a new model for the study of SIV pathogenesis in natural hosts. J Virol 2006; 80:4858-4867. This paper shows that SIV-infected African green monkeys also have significant gastrointestinal tract CD4 T cell depletion in the acute phase of HIV infection. It is important to note, however, that SIV-infected African green monkeys do not have microbial translocation or increased systemic immune activation.
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Pandrea I, Apetrei C, Dufour J, et al. Simian immunodeficiency virus SIVagm. sab infection of Caribbean African green monkeys: a new model for the study of SIV pathogenesis in natural hosts. J Virol 2006; 80:4858-4867. This paper shows that SIV-infected African green monkeys also have significant gastrointestinal tract CD4 T cell depletion in the acute phase of HIV infection. It is important to note, however, that SIV-infected African green monkeys do not have microbial translocation or increased systemic immune activation.
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55
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Lack of mucosal immune reconstitution during prolonged treatment of acute and early HIV-1 infection
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Mehandru S, Poles MA, Tenner-Racz K, et al. Lack of mucosal immune reconstitution during prolonged treatment of acute and early HIV-1 infection. PLoS Med 2006; 3:e484.
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This paper shows that only if HIV-infected individuals commence antiretroviral therapy during the acute phase of infection do genes associated with repair become upregulated in the gastrointestinal tract
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Guadalupe M, Sankaran S, George MD, et al. Viral suppression and immune restoration in the gastrointestinal mucosa of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients initiating therapy during primary or chronic infection. J Virol 2006; 80:8236-8247. This paper shows that only if HIV-infected individuals commence antiretroviral therapy during the acute phase of infection do genes associated with repair become upregulated in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Picker LJ, Hagen SI, Lum R, et al. Insufficient production and tissue delivery of CD4+ memory T cells in rapidly progressive simian immunodeficiency virus infection. J Exp Med 2004; 200:1299-1314.
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George MD, Reay E, Sankaran S, Dandekar S. Early antiretroviral therapy for simian immunodeficiency virus infection leads to mucosal CD4+ T-cell restoration and enhanced gene expression regulating mucosal repair and regeneration. J Virol 2005; 79:2709-2719.
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Protection of macaques from vaginal SHIV challenge by vaginally delivered inhibitors of virus-cell fusion
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Veazey RS, Klasse PJ, Schader SM, et al. Protection of macaques from vaginal SHIV challenge by vaginally delivered inhibitors of virus-cell fusion. Nature 2005; 438:99-102.
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Nature
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Veazey, R.S.1
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