Roles of autophagy in lymphocytes: Reflections and directions

Cellular and Molecular Immunology

Volumn 7, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 104-107

  McLeod, Ian X ^a   He, Youwen ^a  

^a DUKE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Apoptosis; Autophagy; Homeostasis; Lymphocytes

Indexed keywords

CD4 ANTIGEN; CYTOKINE; LYMPHOCYTE ANTIGEN RECEPTOR;

ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; AUTOPHAGY; B LYMPHOCYTE; CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTE; CELL SURVIVAL; EPITHELIUM CELL; HOMEOSTASIS; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; IMMUNE SYSTEM; IMMUNOREGULATION; LIFESPAN; LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION; LYMPHOCYTE PROLIFERATION; MITOCHONDRION; NONHUMAN; RECEPTOR UPREGULATION; SHORT SURVEY; STEM CELL; T LYMPHOCYTE; THYMUS;

ANIMALS; AUTOPHAGY; B-LYMPHOCYTES; HOMEOSTASIS; T-LYMPHOCYTES; THYMUS GLAND;

EID: 77749252474     PISSN: 16727681     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2009.115     Document Type: Short Survey

References (47)

1. Mizushima N, Klionsky DJ. Protein turnover via autophagy: implications for metabolism. Ann Rev Nutr 2007; 27: 19-40.
2. Levine B, Kroemer G. Autophagy in the pathogenesis of disease. Cell 2008; 132: 27-42.
3. Yorimitsu T, Klionsky DJ. Autophagy: molecular machinery for self-eating. Cell Death Differ 2005; 12(Suppl 2): 1542-1552.
4. Hara T, Takamura A, Kishi C, Iemura S, Natsume T, Guan JL et al. FIP200, a ULKinteracting protein, is required for autophagosome formation in mammalian cells. J Cell Biol 2008; 181: 497-510.
5. Hara T, Mizushima N. Role of ULK-FIP200 complex in mammalian autophagy: FIP200, a counterpart of yeast Atg17? Autophagy 2009; 5: 85-87.
6. Matsunaga K, Saitoh T, Tabata K, Omori H, Satoh T, Kurotori N et al. Two Beclin 1- binding proteins, Atg14L and Rubicon, reciprocally regulate autophagy at different stages. Nat Cell Biol 2009; 11: 385-396.
7. Kinchen JM, Doukoumetzidis K, Almendinger J, Stergiou L, Tosello-Trampont A, Sifri CD et al. A pathway for phagosome maturation during engulfment of apoptotic cells. Nat Cell Biol 2008; 10: 556-566.
8. Ohsumi Y, Mizushima N. Two ubiquitin-like conjugation systems essential for autophagy. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2004; 15: 231-236.
9. Li C, Capan E, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Stolz D, Watkins SC et al. Autophagy is induced in CD41; T cells and important for the growth factor-withdrawal cell death. J Immunol 2006; 177: 5163-5168.
10. Pua HH, Dzhagalov I, Chuck M, Mizushima N, He YW. A critical role for the autophagy gene Atg5 in T cell survival and proliferation. J Exp Med 2007; 204: 25-31.
11. Dzhagalov I, Dunkle A, He YW. The anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member Mcl-1 promotes T lymphocyte survival at multiple stages. J Immunol 2008; 181: 521-528.
12. Hildeman D, Jorgensen T, Kappler J, Marrack P. Apoptosis and the homeostatic control of immune responses. Curr Opin Immunol 2007; 19: 516-521.
13. Zhang N, Hartig H, Dzhagalov I, Draper D, He YW. The role of apoptosis in the development and function of T lymphocytes. Cell Res 2005; 15: 749-769. (Pubitemid 41653913)
14. Gutierrez MG, Master SS, Singh SB, Taylor GA, Colombo MI, Deretic V. Autophagy is a defense mechanism inhibiting BCG and Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival in infected macrophages. Cell 2004; 119: 753-766.
15. Feng CG, Zheng L, Lenardo MJ, Sher A. Interferon-inducible immunity-related GTPase Irgm1 regulates IFN gamma-dependent host defense, lymphocyte survival and autophagy. Autophagy 2009; 5: 232-234.
16. Pua HH, Guo J, Komatsu M, He YW. Autophagy is essential for mitochondrial clearance in mature T lymphocytes. J Immunol 2009; 182: 4046-4055.
17. Stephenson LM, Miller BC, Ng A, Eisenberg J, Zhao Z, CadwellK et al. Identification of Atg5-dependent transcriptional changes and increases in mitochondrial mass in Atg5- deficient T lymphocytes. Autophagy 2009; 5: 625-635.
18. Hildeman DA, Mitchell T, Teague TK, Henson P, Day BJ, Kappler J et al. Reactive oxygen species regulate activation-induced T cell apoptosis. Immunity 1999; 10: 735-744.
19. Hildeman DA, Mitchell T, Kappler J, Marrack P. T cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species. J Clin Invest 2003; 111: 575-581. (Pubitemid 36278573)
20. Mizushima N, Levine B, Cuervo AM, Klionsky DJ. Autophagy fights disease through cellular self-digestion. Nature 2008; 451: 1069-1075.
21. Wu YT, Tan HL, Huang Q, Kim YS, Pan N, Ong WY et al. Autophagy plays a protective role during zVAD-induced necrotic cell death. Autophagy 2008; 4: 457-466.
22. Kroemer G, Levine B. Autophagic cell death: the story of a misnomer. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2008; 9: 1004-1010.
23. Wei Y, Sinha S, Levine B. Dual role of JNK1-mediated phosphorylation of Bcl-2 in autophagy and apoptosis regulation. Autophagy 2008; 4: 949-951.
24. Pyo JO, Jang MH, Kwon YK, Lee HJ, Jun JI, Woo HN et al. Essential roles of Atg5 and FADD in autophagic cell death: dissection of autophagic cell death into vacuole formation and cell death. J Biol Chem 2005; 280: 20722-20729.
25. Bell BD, Leverrier S, Weist BM, Newton RH, Arechiga AF, Luhrs KA et al. FADD and caspase-8 control the outcome of autophagic signaling in proliferating T cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008; 105: 16677-16682.
26. Bell BD, Walsh CM. Coordinate regulation of autophagy and apoptosis in T cells by death effectors: FADD or foundation. Autophagy 2009; 5: 238-240.
27. Espert L, Codogno P, Biard-Piechaczyk M. What is the role of autophagy in HIV-1 infection? Autophagy 2008; 4: 273-275.
28. Denizot M, Varbanov M, Espert L, Robert-Hebmann V, Sagnier S, Garcia E et al. HIV-1 gp41 fusogenic function triggers autophagy in uninfected cells. Autophagy 2008; 4: 998-1008.
29. Espert L, Denizot M, Grimaldi M, Robert-Hebmann V, Gay B, Varbanov M et al. Autophagy is involved in T cell death after binding of HIV-1 envelope proteins to CXCR4. J Clin Invest2006; 116: 2161-2172.
30. Varbanov M, Espert L, Biard-Piechaczyk M. Mechanisms of CD4 T-cell depletion triggered by HIV-1 viral proteins. AIDS Rev 2006; 8: 221-236.
31. Orvedahl A, Alexander D, Talloczy Z, Sun Q, Wei Y, Zhang W et al. HSV-1 ICP34.5 confers neurovirulence by targeting the Beclin 1 autophagy protein. Cell Host Microbe 2007; 1: 23-35.
32. Strawbridge AB, Blum JS. Autophagy in MHC class II antigen processing. Curr Opin Immunol 2007; 19: 87-92.
33. Menendez-Benito V, Neefjes J. Autophagy in MHC class II presentation: sampling from within. Immunity 2007; 26: 1-3.
34. English L, Chemali M, Duron J, Rondeau C, Laplante A, Gingras D et al. Autophagy enhances the presentation of endogenous viral antigens on MHC class I molecules during HSV-1 infection. Nat Immunol 2009; 10: 480-487.
35. Lee HK, Lund JM, Ramanathan B, Mizushima N, Iwasaki A. Autophagy-dependent viral recognition by plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Science 2007; 315: 1398-1401.
36. Espert L VM, Robert-Hebmann V, Sagnier S, Robbins I, Sanchez F, Lafont V et al. Differential role of autophagy in CD4 T cells and macrophages during X4 and R5 HIV-1 infection. PLoS One 2009; 4: e5787.
37. Feng CG, Zheng L, Jankovic D, Bafica A, Cannons JL, Watford WT et al. The immunityrelated GTPase Irgm1 promotes the expansion of activated CD41; T cell populations by preventing interferon-gamma-induced cell death. Nat Immunol 2008; 9: 1279-1287.
38. Arsov I, Li X, Matthews G, Coradin J, Hartmann B, Simon AK et al. BAC-mediated transgenic expression of fluorescent autophagic protein Beclin 1 reveals a role for Beclin 1 in lymphocyte development. Cell Death Differ 2008; 15: 1385-1395.
39. Levine B, Sinha S, Kroemer G. Bcl-2 family members: dual regulators of apoptosis and autophagy. Autophagy 2008; 4: 600-606.
40. Starr TK, Jameson SC, Hogquist KA. Positive and negative selection of T cells. Annu Rev Immunol 2003; 21: 139-176.
41. Kyewski B, Klein L. A central role for central tolerance. Annu Rev Immunol 2006; 24: 571-606.
42. Nedjic J, Aichinger M, Emmerich J, Mizushima N, Klein L. Autophagy in thymic epithelium shapes the T-cell repertoire and is essential for tolerance. Nature 2008; 455: 396-400.
43. Nedjic J, Aichinger M, Klein L. A novel role for autophagy in T cell education. Autophagy 2008; 4: 1090-1092.
44. Nedjic J, Aichinger M, Klein L. Autophagy and T cell education in the thymus: eat yourself to know yourself. Cell Cycle 2008; 7: 3625-3628.
45. Miller BC, Zhao Z, Stephenson LM, Cadwell K, Pua HH, Lee HK et al. The autophagy gene ATG5 plays an essential role in B lymphocyte development. Autophagy 2008; 4: 309-314.
46. Watanabe K, Ichinose S, Hayashizaki K, Tsubata T. Induction of autophagy by B cell antigen receptor stimulation and its inhibition by costimulation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 374: 274-281.
47. Watanabe K, Tsubata T. Autophagy connects antigen receptor signaling to costimulatory signaling in B lymphocytes. Autophagy 2009; 5: 108-110.