A time-variant analysis of fundamental 1/f3 phase noise in CMOS parallel LC-tank quadrature oscillators

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers

Volumn 56, Issue 10, 2009, Pages 2173-2180

  Mazzanti, Andrea ^a,b   Andreani, Pietro ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MODENA AND REGGIO EMILIA   (Italy)

^b LUND UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

CMOS RFICs; Flicker noise; Impulse sensitivity function (ISF); Phase noise; Quadrature oscillator

Indexed keywords

CMOS INTEGRATED CIRCUITS;

CLOSED-FORM EQUATIONS; FLICKER NOISE; HARMONIC OSCILLATORS; IMPULSE SENSITIVITY FUNCTIONS; LOW-FREQUENCY NOISE SOURCES; PARALLEL-COUPLED; PHASE NOISE SPECTRUM; QUADRATURE OSCILLATOR;

PHASE NOISE;

EID: 75149142845     PISSN: 15498328     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TCSI.2009.2015214     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. A. Rofougaran, G. Chang, J. J. Rael, J. Y.-C. Chang, M. Rofougaran, P. J. Chang, M. Djafari, M.-K. Ku, E. W. Roth, A. A. Abidi, and H. Samueli, "A single-chip 900-MHz spread-spectrum wireless transceiver in 1-μm CMOS-Part I: Architecture and transmitter design," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol.33, no.4, pp. 515-534, Apr. 1998.
2. H. Shin, Z. Xu, and M. F. Chang, "A 1.8-V 6/9-GHz reconfigurable dual-band quadrature LC VCO in SiGe BiCMOS technology," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol.38, no.6, pp. 1028-1032, Jun. 2003.
3. S. Li, I. Kipnis, and M. Ismail, "A 10-GHz CMOS quadrature LC-VCO for multirate optical applications," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol.38, no.10, pp. 1626-1634, Oct. 2003.
4. F. Behbahani, H. Firouzkouhi, R. Chokkalingam, S. Delshadpour, A. Kheirkhahi, M. Nariman, M. Conta, and S. Bhatia, "A fully integrated low-IF CMOS GPS radio with on-chip analog image rejection," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol.37, no.12, pp. 1721-1727, Dec. 2002.
5. S. Byun, C.-H. Park, Y. Song, S. Wang, C. S. G. Conroy, and B. Kim, "A low-power CMOS bluetooth RF transceiver with a digital offset canceling DLL-based GFSK demodulator," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol.38, no.10, pp. 1609-1618, Oct. 2003.
6. J. Savoj and B. Razavi, "A 10-Gb/s CMOS clock, and data recovery circuit with an half rate binary phase/frequency detector," IEEE J. SolidState Circuits, vol.38, no.1, pp. 13-21, Jan. 2003.
7. C.-F. Liao and S.-I. Liu, "40 Gb/s transimpedance-AGC amplifier and CDR circuit for broadband data receivers in 90 nm CMOS," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol.43, no.3, pp. 642-655, Mar. 2008.
8. I. R. Chamas and S. Raman, "A comprehensive analysis of quadrature signal synthesis in cross-coupled RF VCOs," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, Reg. Papers, vol.54, no.4, pp. 689-704, Apr. 2007.
9. H. Zheng and H. C. Luong, "A double-balanced quadrature-input quadrature-output regenerative frequency divider for UWB synthesizer applications," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, Reg. Papers, vol.55, no.9, pp. 2944-2951, Oct. 2008.
10. A. Mazzanti and F. Svelto, "A 1.8-GHz injection-locked quadrature CMOS VCO with, low phase noise and high phase accuracy," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, Reg. Papers, vol.53, no.3, pp. 554-560, Mar. 2006.
11. J. van der Tang, P. van, der Ven, D. Kasperkovitz, and A. van Roermund, "Analysis and design of an optimally coupled 5-GHz quadrature LC oscillator," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol.37, no.5, pp. 657-661, May 2002.
12. P. Andreani and X. Wang, "On the phase-noise and phase-error performances of multiphase LC CMOS VCOs," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol.39, no.11, pp. 1883-1893, Nov. 2004.
13. 2 phase noise in CMOS parallel. LC-tank quadrature oscillators," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, Reg. Papers, vol.53, no.8, pp. 1749-1760, Aug. 2006.
14. P. Andreani, A. Bonfanti, L. Romano, and C. Samori, "Analysis and design of a 1.8-GHz CMOS quadrature VCO," IEEEJ. Solid-State Circuits, vol.37, no.12, pp. 1737-1747, Dec. 2002.
15. L. Romano, S. Levantino, C. Samori, and A. L. Lacaita, "Multiphase LC oscillators," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, Reg. Papers, vol.53, no.7, pp. 1579-1588, Jul. 2006.
16. A. Mirzaei, M. E. Heidari, R. Bagheri, S. Chehrazi, and A. A. Abidi, "The quadrature LC oscillator: A complete portrait based on injection locking," IEEEJ. Solid-State Circuits, vol.42, no.9, pp. 1916-1932, Sep. 2007.
17. B. Soltanian and P. Kinget, "AM-FM conversion by the active devices in MOS LC-VCOs and its effect on the optimal, amplitude," presented at the RFIC Symp., San. Francisco, CA, Jun. 2006.
18. S. Levantino, C. Samori, A. Zanchi, and A. L. Lacaita, "AM-to-PM conversion in varactor-tuned oscillators," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II, Analog Digit. Signal. Process., vol.49, no.7, pp. 509-513, Jul. 2002.
19. S. Levantino, C. Samori, A. Bonfanti, S. L. J. Gierkink, A. L. Lacaita, and V. Boccuzzi, "Frequency dependence on bias current in 5 GHz CMOS VCOs: Impact on tuning range and flicker noise upconversion," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol.37, no.8, pp. 1003-101.1, Aug. 2002.
20. A. Bonfanti, S. Levantino, C. Samori, and A. L. Lacaita, "A varactor configuration minimizing the amplitude-to-phase noise conversion in VCOs," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, Reg. Papers, vol.53, no.3, pp. 481-488, Mar. 2006.
21. A. Buonuomo, "Nonlinear analysis of voltage-controlled oscillators: A systematic approach," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, Reg. Papers, vol.55, no.6, pp. 1659-1670, Jul. 2008.
22. A. Hajimiri and T. H. Lee, "A general theory of phase noise in electrical, oscillators," IEEEJ. Solid-State Circuits, vol.33, no.2, pp. 179-194, Feb. 1998.
23. A. Hajimiri and T. H. Lee, "Corrections to "A general theory of phase noise in electrical oscillators"," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol.33, no.6, p. 928, Jun. 1998.
24. L. Lu, Z. Tang, P. Andreani, A. Mazzanti, and A. Hajimiri, "Comments on "Comments on a general theory of phase noise in electrical, oscillators"," IEEEJ. Solid-State Circuits, vol.43, no.9, p. 2170, Sep. 2008.
25. F. X. Kärrner, "Determination of the correlation spectrum of oscillators with low phase noise," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol.37, no.1, pp. 90-10.1, Jan. 1989.
26. α noise in oscillators," Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl., vol.18, no.5, pp. 485-519, 1990.
27. A. Demir, A. Mehrotra, and J. Roychowdhury, "Phase noise in oscillators: A unifying theory and numerical methods for characterization," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst I, Fundam. Theory Appl., vol.47, no.5, pp. 655-674, May 2000.
28. P. Andreani, X. Wang, L. Vandi, and A. Fard, "A study of phase noise in colpitis and LC-tank CMOS oscillators," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol.40, no.5, pp. 1107-1118, May 2005.
29. S. L. J. Gierkink, E. A. M. Klumperink, A. P. vanderWel, G. Hoogzaad, E. van Tuijl, and B. Nauta, "Intrinsic 1/f device noise reduction and its effect on phase noise in CMOS ring oscillators," IEEEJ. Solid-State Circuits, vol.34, no.7, pp. 1022-1.025, Jul. 1999.
30. H. Tian and A. E. Gamai, "Analysis of 1 /f noise in switched MOSFET circuits," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II, Analog Digit Signal Process., vol.48, no.2, pp. 151-157, Feb. 2001.
31. R. Brederlow, J. Koh, and R. Thewes, "A physics-based low frequency noise model for MOSFETs under periodic large signal excitation," in Proc. ESSDERC, Grenoble, France, 2005, pp. 333-336.
32. "BSlM MOSFET Model-User's Manual," Univ. Berkeley, Berkeley, CA. [Online]. Available: http://www-device.eecs.berkel.ey.edu-bsim3/bsim-ent. html
33. A. Mazzanti, F. Svelto, and P. Andreani, "On the amplitude and phase errors of quadrature LC-tank CMOS oscillators," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol.41, no.6, pp. 1305-1313, Jun. 2006.
34. A. Mazzanti and P. Andreani, "A 1.4 mW 4.9-to-5.65 GHz class C CMOS VCOs, with an average FoM of .194.5 dBc/Hz," in Proc. IEEE ISSCC, Feb. 2008, pp. 474-475.
35. 2 phase noise performance of CMOS differential-pair LC-tank oscillators," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol.41, no.12, pp. 2703-2712, Dec. 2006.