What governments maximize and why: The view from trade

International Organization

Volumn 63, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 491-532

  Gawande, Kishore ^a   Krishna, Pravin ^a   Olarreaga, Marcelo ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 74349124619     PISSN: 00208183     EISSN: 15315088     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0020818309090171     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Arrow, Kenneth J. 1963. Social Choice and Individual Values. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.
2. Austen-Smith, David. 1987. Interest Groups, Campaign Contributions, and Probabilistic Voting. Public Choice 54 (2):123-139
3. Baldwin, Robert E. 1985. The Political Economy of U.S. Import Policy. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
4. Baldwin, Robert E., and Christopher S. Magee. 2000. Is Trade Policy for Sale? Congressional Voting on Recent Trade Bills. Public Choice 105 ~1-2!:79-101.
5. Bardhan, Pranab K., and Dilip Mookherjee. 2000. Capture and Governance at Local and National Levels. American Economic Review 90 (2):135-139
6. Baron, David P. 1994. Electoral Competition with Informed and Uninformed Voters. American Political Science Review 88 (1):33-47.
7. Baron, David P., and John A. Ferejohn. 1989. Bargaining in Legislatures. American Political Science Review 83 (4):1181-1206.
8. Beck, Thorsten, George R. Clarke, Alberto Groff, Philip E. Keefer, and Patrick Walsh. 2001. New Tools in Comparative Political Economy: The Database of Political Institutions. World Bank Economic Review 15 (1):165-176
9. Blais, André, Neil Nevitte, Elisabeth Gidengil, and Richard Nadeau. 2000. Do People Have Feelings toward Leaders About Whom They Say They Know Nothing? Public Opinion Quarterly 64 (4):452-463
10. Bohara, Alok K., Alejandro Islas Camargo, Therese Grijalva, and Kishore Gawande. 2005. Fundamental dimensions of U.S. trade policy. Journal of International Economics 65 (1):93-125.
11. Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce, Alastair Smith, Randolph M. Silverson, and James D. Morrow. 2003. The Logic of Political Survival. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
12. Commission on Growth and Development. 2008. The Growth Report: Strategies for Sustained Growth and Inclusive Development. Available at . Accessed 2 February 2009.
13. de Figueiredo, Rui J. P., Jr. 2002. Electoral Competition, Political Uncertainty, and Policy Insulation. American Political Science Review 96 (2):321-333
14. Dutt, Pushan, and Devashish Mitra. 2002. Endogenous Trade Policy Through Majority Voting: An Empirical Investigation. Journal of International Economics 58 (1):107-133
15. 2005. Political Ideology and Endogenous Trade Policy: An Empirical Investigation. Review of Economics and Statistics 87 (1) 59-72.
16. Eicher, Theo, and Thomas Osang. 2002. Protection for Sale: An Empirical Investigation: Comment. American Economic Review 92 (5):1702-1710
17. Elgie, Robert. 2001. Divided Government in Comparative Perspective. New York: Oxford University Press.
18. Euromonitor International. 2004. Latin America Marketing Data and Statistics 2004. London: Euromonitor International.
19. Euromonitor International. 2008. International Marketing Data and Statistics 2008. London: Euromonitor International.
20. Evans, Caroline L. 2008. A Protectionist Bias in Majoritarian Politics: An Empirical Investigation. Forthcoming in Economics and Politics.
21. Fuller, Wayne A. 1986. Measurement Error Models. New York: John Wiley.
22. Gawande, Kishore, and Usree Bandyopadhyay. 2000. Is Protection for Sale? A Test of the Grossman-Helpman Theory of Endogenous Protection. Review of Economics and Statistics 82 (1):139-152
23. Gawande, Kishore, and Pravin Krishna. 2003. The Political Economy of Trade Policy: Empirical Approaches. In Handbook of International Trade, edited by E. Kwan Choi and James Harrigan, 213-250 New York: Basil Blackwell.
24. Goldberg, Pinelopi Koujianou, and Giovanni Maggi. 1999. Protection for Sale: An Empirical Investigation. American Economic Review 89 (5):1135-1155
25. Grossman, Gene M., and Elhanan Helpman. 1994. Protection for Sale. American Economic Review 84 (4):833-850
26. 1996. Electoral Competition and Special Interest Politics. Review of Economic Studies 63 (2) 265-286
27. ---. 2005. A Protectionist Bias in Majoritarian Politics. Quarterly Journal of Economics 120 (4):1239-1282
28. Helpman, Elhanan, and Torsten Persson. 2001. Lobbying and Legislative Bargaining. Advances in Economic Analysis and Policy 1 (1):Article 3.
29. Hiscox, Michael J. 2002. Commerce, Coalitions, and Factor Mobility: Evidence from Congressional Votes on Trade Legislation. American Political Science Review 96 (3):593-608.
30. Kee, Hiau Looi, Alessandro Nicita, and Marcelo Olarreaga. 2004. Import Demand Elasticities and Trade Distortions. CEPR Discussion Paper No. 4669. London: Centre for Economic and Policy Research.
31. ---. 2008. Import Demand Elasticities and Trade Distortions. The Review of Economics and Statistics 90:666-682.
32. Kennedy, Peter E. 1981. Estimation with Correctly Interpreted Dummy Variables in Semilogarithmic Equations. American Economic Review 71 (4):801.
33. Levine, Ross, and David Renelt. 1992. A Sensitivity Analysis of Cross-Country Growth Regressions. American Economic Review 82 (4):942-963
34. Lohmann, Susanne, and Sharyn O'Halloran. 1994. Divided Government and U.S. Trade Policy: Theory and Evidence. International Organization 48 (4):595-632.
35. Majumdar, Sumon, Anandi Mani, and Sharun W. Mukand. 2004. Politics, Information and the Urban Bias. Journal of Development Economics 75 (1):137-165
36. Mansfield, Edward D., and Marc L. Busch. 1995. The Political Economy of Nontariff Barriers: A Cross-National Analysis. International Organization 49 (4):723-749
37. Mansfield, Edward D., Helen V. Milner, and B. Peter Rosendorff. 2000. Free to Trade: Democracies, Autocracies, and International Trade. American Political Science Review 94 (2):305-321
38. 2002. Why Democracies Cooperate More: Electoral Control and International Trade Agreements. International Organization 56 (3) 477-513.
39. McCalman, Phillip. 2004. Protection for Sale and Trade Liberalization: An Empirical Investigation. Review of International Economics 12 (1):81-94.
40. McGillivray, Fiona. 1997. Party Discipline as a Determinant of the Endogenous Formation of Tariffs. American Journal of Political Science 41 (2):584-607.
41. Milner, Helen V., and Keiko Kubota. 2005. Why the Move to Free Trade? Democracy and Trade Policy in the Developing Countries. International Organization 59 (1):107-143 (Pubitemid 40306259)
42. Mitra, Devashish, 1999. Endogenous Lobby Formation and Endogenous Protection: A Long-Run Model of Trade Policy Determination, American Economic Review 89: 1116-1134
43. Mitra, Devashish, Dimitrios D. Thomakos, and Mehmet A. Ulubasoglu. 2002. "Protection for Sale" in a Developing Country: Democracy vs. Dictatorship. Review of Economics and Statistics 84 (3):497-508.
44. Nicita, Alessandro, and Marcelo Olarreaga. 2007. Trade, Production, and Protection Database, 1976-2004. World Bank Economic Review 21 (1):165-171
45. Persson, Torsten. 1998. Economic Policy and Special Interest Politics. Economic Journal 108 (447):310-327
46. Persson, Torsten, Gérard Roland, and Guido Tabellini. 1997. Separation of Powers and Political Accountability. Quarterly Journal of Economics 112 (4):1163-1202. (Pubitemid 127156520)
47. Powell, G. Bingham, Jr., and Guy D. Whitten 1993. A Cross-National Analysis of Economic Voting: Taking Account of the Political Context. American Journal of Political Science 37 (2): 391-414.
48. Prat, Andrea, and David Stromberg. 2006. Commercial Television and Voter Information. Unpublished manuscript. At . Accessed 9 February 2009.
49. Rodrik, Dani. 2008. Spence Christens a New Washington Consensus. The Economists' Voice 5: Article 4.
50. Rogowski, Ronald. 1987. Trade and the Variety of Democratic Institutions. International Organization 41 (2):203-223
51. Schattschneider, E. E. 1935. Politics, Pressure, and the Tariff: A Study in Free Private Enterprise in Pressure Politics, as Shown in the 1929-1930 Revision of the Tariff. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall.
52. Shapiro, S. S., and M. B. Wilk. 1965. An Analysis of Variance Test for Normality ~Complete Samples!. Biometrika 52 (304):591-611.
53. Stratmann, Thomas. 2007. How Prices Matter in Politics: Returns to Campaign Advertising. Unpublished manuscript, George Mason University, Fairfax, Va.
54. Stromberg, David. 2004. Mass Media Competition, Political Competition, and Public Policy. Review of Economic Studies 71 (1):265-284
55. Willmann, Gerald. 2005. Why Legislators Are Protectionists: the Role of Majoritarian Voting in Setting Tariffs. Manuscript.
56. World Advertising Trends. 1998. Oxfordshire: United Kingdom: NTC Publications.
57. World Bank. World Development Indicators. Various issues. Washington, D.C.: World Bank and Oxford University Press.
58. World Bank. World Development Report. Various issues between 1985 and 2001. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.