Disentangling the effects of land use, shrub cover and climate on the invasion speed of native and introduced pines in Grasslands

Diversity and Distributions

Volumn 15, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 1047-1059

  Lepart, Jacques ^a   Boulant, Nadine ^d   Garnier, Aurélie ^b   Curt, Thomas ^c  

^a CNRS   (France)

^b LABORATOIRE DE BIOMÉTRIE ET BIOLOGIE EVOLUTIVE   (France)

^c UR EMAX   (France)

^d NONE

Author keywords

Biological invasions; Elasticity; Invasion model; Management; Pinus nigra; Pinus sylvestris

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL INVASION; CLIMATE EFFECT; CONIFEROUS TREE; FOREST DYNAMICS; FOREST MANAGEMENT; GRASSLAND; GRAZING; HUMAN ACTIVITY; INTRODUCED SPECIES; LAND USE CHANGE; NATIVE SPECIES; POPULATION GROWTH; SHRUB; STOCHASTICITY; VEGETATION COVER;

EURASIA; EUROPE; FRANCE; GRANDS CAUSSES; MASSIF CENTRAL; WESTERN EUROPE;

OVIS ARIES; PINUS NIGRA; PINUS SYLVESTRIS;

EID: 70349907578     PISSN: 13669516     EISSN: 14724642     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2009.00604.x     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Barbéro, M., Loisel, R., Quézel, P., Richardson, D.M. Romane, F. (1998) Pines of the Mediterranean Basin. Ecology and Biogeography of Pinus (ed. by D.M. Richardson pp. 153 170, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
2. Bellingham, P.J. Coomes, D.A. (2003) Grazing and community structure as determinants of invasion success by Scotch broom in a New Zealand montane shrubland. Diversity and Distributions, 19, 19 28.
3. Bond, W.J. Richardson, D.M. (1990) What can we learn from extinctions and invasions about the effects of climate change? South African Journal of Science, 86, 429 433.
4. Boulant, N., Kunstler, G., Rambal, S. Lepart, J. (2008a) Seed supply, drought and grazing determine spatio-temporal patterns for native and introduced pines in grasslands. Diversity and Distributions, 14, 862 874.
5. Boulant, N., Navas, M.-L., Corcket, E. Lepart, J. (2008b) Microhabitat amelioration and herbivore deterring as main facilitative mechanisms of pine seedling survival. Ecoscience, 15, 407 415.
6. Brown, J.R. Archer, S. (1999) Shrub invasion of grassland: recruitment is continuous and not regulated by herbaceous biomass or density. Ecology, 80, 2385 2396.
7. Buckley, Y.M., Brockerhoff, E., Langer, L., Ledgard, N., North, H. Rees, M. (2005) Slowing down a pine invasion despite uncertainty in demography and dispersal. Journal of Applied Ecology, 42, 1020 1030.
8. Cadillon, M. (1970) Les sols du Causse du Larzac. Université Montpellier II, Montpellier.
9. Callaway, R.M. (1995) Positive interactions among plants. Botanical Review, 61, 306 349.
10. Caplat, P. (2006) Importance de l'agriculture dans la dynamique spatio-temporelle du paysage. L'exemple du Causse Méjean, PhD Thesis. Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Montpellier, Montpellier.
11. Carlisle, A. Brown, A.H.F. (1970) Biological flora of the British isles -Pinus sylvestris L. Journal of Ecology, 58, 269 307.
12. Castro, J., Gomez, J.M., Garcia, D., Zamora, R. Hodar, J.A. (1999) Seed predation and dispersal in relict Scots pine forests in southern Spain. Plant Ecology, 145, 115 123.
13. Castro, J., Zamora, R., Hodar, J.A. Gomez, J.M. (2002) Use of shrubs as nurse plants: a new technique for reforestation in Mediterranean mountains. Restoration Ecology, 10, 297 305.
14. Castro, J., Zamora, R., Hodar, J.A. Gomez, J.M. (2004) Seedling establishment of a boreal tree species (Pinus sylvestris) at its southernmost distribution limit: consequences of being in a marginal Mediterranean habitat. Journal of Ecology, 92, 266 277.
15. Castro, J., Zamora, R., Hodar, J.A. Gomez, J.M. (2005) Alleviation of summer drought boosts establishment success of Pinus sylvestris in a Mediterranean mountain: an experimental approach. Plant Ecology, 181, 191 202.
16. Caswell, H. (2001) Matrix population models. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, USA.
17. Clark, J.S. (2003) Uncertainty and variability in demography and population growth: a hierarchical approach. Ecology, 84, 1370 1381.
18. Clark, J.S., Fastie, C., Hurtt, G., Jackson, S.T., Johnson, C., King, G.A., Lewis, M., Lynch, J., Pacala, S., Prentice, C., Schupp, E.W., Webb, T. Wyckoff, P. (1998) Reid's paradox of rapid plant migration - dispersal theory and interpretation of palaeoecological records. BioScience, 48, 13 24.
19. Clark, J.S., Lewis, M. Horvath, L. (2001) Invasion by extremes: population spread with variation in dispersal and reproduction. American Naturalist, 157, 537 554.
20. Clark, J.S., Lewis, M., McLachlan, J.S. HilleRisLambers, J. (2003) Estimating population spread: what can we forecast and how well? Ecology, 84, 1979 1988.
21. De Kroon, H., van Groenendael, J. Ehrlén, J. (2000) Elasticities: a review of methods and model limitations. Ecology, 81, 607 618.
22. Debain, S., Curt, T., Lepart, J. Prevosto, B. (2003) Reproductive variability in Pinus sylvestris in southern France: implications for invasion. Journal of Vegetation Science, 14, 509 516.
23. Debain, S., Curt, T. Lepart, J. (2005) Indirect effect of grazing on the establishment of Pinus sylvestris and Pinus nigra seedlings in calcareous grasslands in relation to resource levels. Ecoscience, 12, 192 201.
24. Debain, S., Chadoeuf, J., Curt, T., Kunstler, G. Lepart, J. (2007) Comparing effective dispersal of expanding population of Pinus sylvestris and Pinus nigra in calcareous grassland. Canadian Journal of Forest Research-Revue Canadienne De Recherche Forestiere, 37, 705 718.
25. Dovciak, M., Frelich, L.E. Reich, P.B. (2005) Pathways in old-field succession to white pine: Seed rain, shade, and climate effects. Ecological Monographs, 75, 363 378.
26. Etienne, M. (2001) Pine tree-invaders or forerunners in Mediterranean-type ecosystems: a controversial point of view. Journal of Mediterranean Ecology, 2, 221 231.
27. Garnier, A., Deville, A. Lecomte, J. (2006) Stochastic modelling of feral plant populations with seed immigration and road verge management. Ecological Modelling, 197, 373 382.
28. Gómez-Aparicio, L., Zamora, R., Gomez, J.M., Hodar, J.A., Castro, J. Baraza, E. (2004) Applying plant facilitation to forest restoration: a meta-analysis of the use of shrubs as nurse plants. Ecological Applications, 14, 1128 1138.
29. Harper, J.L. (1977) Population biology of plants. Academic Press, London.
30. Harrington, G.N. (1991) Effects of soil moisture on shrub seedling survival in a semi-arid grassland. Ecology, 72, 1138 1149.
31. Hastings, A., Cuddington, K., Davies, K.F., Dugaw, C.J., Elmendorf, S., Freestone, A., Harrison, S., Holland, M., Lambrinos, J., Malvadkar, U., Melbourne, B.A., Moore, K., Taylor, C. Thomson, D. (2005) The spatial spread of invasions: new developments in theory and evidence. Ecology Letters, 8, 91 101.
32. Higgins, S.I. Richardson, D.M. (1998) Pine invasions in the southern hemisphere: modelling interactions between organism, environment and disturbance. Plant Ecology, 135, 79 93.
33. Higgins, S.I. Richardson, D.M. (1999) Predicting plant migration rates in a changing world: the role of long-distance dispersal. American Naturalist, 153, 464 475.
34. Higgins, S.I., Richardson, D.M. Cowling, R.M. (1996) Modelling invasive plant spread: the roles of plant-environment interactions and model structure. Ecology, 77, 2043 2054.
35. Higgins, S.I., Bond, J.B. Trollope, W.S.W. (2000) Fire, resprouting and variability: a recipe for grass-tree coexistence in savanna. Journal of Ecology, 88, 213 229.
36. Higgins, S.I., Richardson, D.M. Cowling, R.M. (2001) Validation of a spatial simulation model of a spreading alien plant population. Journal of Applied Ecology, 38, 571 584.
37. Hodar, J.A., Castro, J. Zamora, R. (2003) Pine processionary caterpillar Thaumetopoea pityocampa as a new threat for relict Mediterranean Scots pine forests under climatic warming. Biological Conservation, 110, 123 129.
38. Holmgren, M., Scheffer, M. Huston, M. (1997) The interplay of facilitation and competition in plant communities. Ecology, 78, 1966 1975.
39. Jongejans, E., Skarpaas, O. Shea, K. (2008) Dispersal, demography and spatial population models for conservation and control management. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 9, 153 170.
40. Kawasaki, K., Takasu, F., Caswell, H. Shigesada, N. (2006) How does stochasticity in colonization accelerate the speed of invasion in a cellular automaton model? Ecological Research, 21, 334 345.
41. Kitzberger, T., Steinaker, D.F. Veblen, T.F. (2000) Effects of climatic variability on facilitation of tree establishment in northern Patagonia. Ecology, 81, 1914 1924.
42. Kunstler, G., Curt, T., Bouchaud, M. Lepart, J. (2006) Indirect facilitation and competition in tree species colonization of sub-Mediterranean grasslands. Journal of Vegetation Science, 17, 379 388.
43. Lewis, M.A. (2000) Spread rate for a nonlinear stochastic invasion. Journal of Mathematical Biology, 41, 430 454.
44. Lewis, M.A. Pacala, S. (2000) Modelling and analysis of stochastic invasion processes. Journal of Mathematical Biology, 41, 387 429.
45. van Mantgem, P.J. Stephenson, N.L. (2007) Apparent climatically induced increase of tree mortality rates in a temperate forest. Ecology Letters, 10, 909 916.
46. Martinez-Vilalta, J. Piñol, J. (2002) Drought-induced mortality and hydraulic architecture in pine populations of the NE Iberian Peninsula. Forest Ecology and Management, 161, 247 256.
47. Moody, M.E. Mack, R.N. (1988) Controlling the spread of plant invasions: the importance of nascent foci. Journal of Applied Ecology, 25, 1009 1021.
48. Neubert, M.G. Caswell, H. (2000) Demography and dispersal: calculation and sensitivity analysis of invasion speed for structured populations. Ecology, 81, 1613 1628.
49. Neubert, M.G. Parker, I.M. (2004) Projecting rates of spread for invasive species. Risk Analysis, 24, 817 831.
50. Pyšek, P. Hulme, P.E. (2005) Spatio-temporal dynamics of plant invasions: linking pattern to process. Ecoscience, 12, 302 315.
51. Rebetez, M., Mayer, H., Dupont, O., Schindler, D., Gartner, K., Kropp, J.P. Menzel, A. (2006) Heat and drought 2003 in Europe: a climate synthesis. Annals of Forest Science, 63, 569 577.
52. Richardson, D.M. (1998) Forestry trees as invasive aliens. Conservation Biology, 12, 18 26.
53. Richardson, D.M. (2006) Pinus: a model group for unlocking the secrets of alien plant invasions? Preslia, 78, 375 388.
54. Richardson, D.M. Bond, W.J. (1991) Determinants of plant-distribution - evidence from pine invasions. American Naturalist, 137, 639 668.
55. Richardson, D.M., Williams, P.A. Hobbs, R.J. (1994) Pine invasions in the Southern Hemisphere - determinants of spread and invadability. Journal of Biogeography, 21, 511 527.
56. Richardson, D.M., Bond, W.J., Dean, W.R.J., Higgins, S.I., Midgley, G.F., Milton, S.J., Powrie, L., Rutherford, M.C., Samways, M.J. Schulze, R.E. (2000) Invasive alien organisms and global change: A South African perspective. Invasive species in a changing world (ed. by H.A. Mooney R.J. Hobbs pp. 303 349, Island Press, Washington, D.C.
57. Rodrigo, A., Retana, J. Pico, F.X. (2004) Direct regeneration is not the only response of Mediterranean forests to large fires. Ecology, 85, 716 729.
58. Rouget, M., Richardson, D.M., Milton, S.J. Polakow, D. (2001) Predicting invasion dynamics of four alien Pinus species in a highly fragmented semi-arid shrubland in South Africa. Plant Ecology, 152, 79 92.
59. Rousset, O. Lepart, J. (2000) Positive and negative interactions at different life stages of a colonizing species (Quercus humilis). Journal of Ecology, 88, 401 412.
60. Sankaran, M., Ratnam, J. Hanan, N.P. (2004) Tree-grass coexistence in savannas revisited - insights from an examination of assumptions and mechanisms invoked in existing models. Ecology Letters, 7, 480 490.
61. Scholes, R.J. Archer, S.R. (1997) Tree-grass interactions in savannas. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 28, 517 544.
62. Sebert-Cuvillier, E., Paccaut, F., Chabrerie, O., Endels, P., Goubet, O. Decocq, G. (2007) Local population dynamics of an invasive tree species with a complex life-history cycle: a stochastic matrix model. Ecological Modelling, 201, 127 143.
63. Silvertown, J., Franco, M., Pisanty, I. Mendoza, A. (1993) Comparative plant demography - relative importance of life-cycle components to the finite rate of increase in woody and herbaceous perennials. Journal of Ecology, 81, 465 476.
64. Skarpe, C. (1990) Shrub layer dynamics under different herbivore densities in an arid savanna, Botswana. Journal of Applied Ecology, 27, 873 885.
65. Smit, C., Vandenberghe, C., den Ouden, J. Muller-Scharer, H. (2007) Nurse plants, tree saplings and grazing pressure: changes in facilitation along a biotic environmental gradient. Oecologia, 152, 265 273.
66. Thuiller, W., Richardson, D.M., Rouget, M., Procheş, S. Wilson, J.R.U. (2006) Interactions between environment, species traits and human use describe patterns of plant invasions. Ecology, 87, 1755 1769.
67. Turrel, M. (2000) Production et dissémination des graines de pin noir d'Autriche (Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. nigricans Host.). Etude de quelques peuplements au Mont-Ventoux (84), et à Chardavon (04), p. 23. Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, Avignon.
68. Van Auken, O.W. (2000) Shrub invasions of North American semi-arid grasslands. Annual Review of Ecological Systems, 31, 197 215.
69. Weltzin, J.F. McPherson, G.R. (1997) Spatial and temporal soil moisture resource partitioning by trees and gasses in a temperate savanna, Arizona, USA. Oecologia, 112, 156 164.
70. Willis, K.J., Bennett, K.D. Birks, H.J.B. (1998) The late Quaternary dynamics of pines in Europe. Ecology and Biogeography of Pinus ed. by D.M. Richardson pp. 107 121. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
71. Wilmshurst, J.M., Bestic, K.L., Meurk, C.D. McGlone, M.S. (2004) Recent spread of Dracophyllum scrub on subantarctic Campbell Island, New Zealand: climatic or anthropogenic origins? Journal of Biogeography, 31, 401 413.