Nurse plants, tree saplings and grazing pressure: Changes in facilitation along a biotic environmental gradient

Oecologia

Volumn 152, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 265-273

  Smit, Christian ^a,d   Vandenberghe, Charlotte ^b   Den Ouden, Jan ^c   Müller Schärer, Heinz ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FRIBOURG   (Switzerland)

^b SWISS FEDERAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE WSL   (Switzerland)

^c WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^d UNIVERSITY OF GRONINGEN   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Cattle grazing; Facilitation theory; Herbivory; Nurse effects; Unpalatable plants

Indexed keywords

BIOTIC FACTOR; BROWSING; CANOPY; CATTLE; CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK; DECIDUOUS TREE; ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENT; FACILITATION; GRAZING PRESSURE; HERBIVORY; NURSE PLANT; SAPLING; SHRUB; SURVIVAL;

AGRICULTURE; ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; CATTLE; ECOSYSTEM; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; FOOD CHAIN; PHYSIOLOGY; POPULATION DYNAMICS; SWITZERLAND; TREE;

AGRICULTURE; ANIMALS; CATTLE; CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES; ECOSYSTEM; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; FOOD CHAIN; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; POPULATION DYNAMICS; SWITZERLAND; TREES;

ABIES; ABIES ALBA; ACER; ACER PSEUDOPLATANUS; BOS; FAGUS; FAGUS SYLVATICA; PICEA ABIES; ROSA RUBIGINOSA;

EID: 34248227664     PISSN: 00298549     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00442-006-0650-6     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Atstatt PR, Odowd DJ (1976) Plant defense guilds. Science 193:24-29
2. Bakker ES, Olff H, Vandenberghe C, De Maeyer K, Smit R, Gleichman JM, Vera FWM (2004) Ecological anachronisms in the recruitment of temperate light-demanding tree species in wooded pastures. J Appl Ecol 41:571-582
3. Bergman M, Iason GR, Hester AJ (2005) Feeding patterns by roe deer and rabbits on pine, willow and birch in relation to spatial arrangement. Oikos 109:513-520
4. Bertness MD, Callaway R (1994) Positive interactions in communities. Trends Ecol Evol 9:191-193
5. Bertness MD, Ewanchuk PJ (2002) Latitudinal and climate-driven variation in the strength and nature of biological interactions in New England salt marshes. Oecologia 132:392-401
6. Bokdam J (2003) Nature conservation and grazing management. Free ranging cattle as a driving force for cyclic vegetation succession. PUDOC, Wageningen University, Wageningen
7. Bruno JF, Stachowicz JJ, Bertness MD (2003) Inclusion of facilitation into ecological theory. Trends Ecol Evol 18:119-125
8. Callaway RM, Walker LR (1997) Competition and facilitation: a synthetic approach to interactions in plant communities. Ecology 78:1958-1965
9. Callaway RM, Brooker RW, Choler P, Kikvidze Z, Lortie CJ, Michalet R, Paolini L, Pugnaire FI, Newingham B, Aschehoug ET, Armas C, Kikodze D, Cook BJ (2002) Positive interactions among alpine plants increase with stress. Nature 417:844-848
10. Choler P, Michalet R, Callaway RM (2001) Facilitation and competition on gradients in alpine plant communities. Ecology 82:3295-3308
11. Crawley MJ (1983) Herbivory. Studies in ecology, vol. 10. The dynamics of animal-plant interactions. Blackwell, Oxford Flores J, Jurado E (2003) Are nurse-protégé interactions more common among plants from arid environments? J Veg Sci 14:911-916
12. Franks SJ (2003) Facilitation in multiple life-history stages: evidence for nucleated succession in coastal dunes. Plant Ecol 168:1-11
13. Gomez-Aparicio L, Zamora R, Gomez JM, Hodar JA, Castro J, Baraza E (2004) Applying plant facilitation to forest restoration: a meta-analysis of the use of shrubs as nurse plants. Ecol Appl 14:1128-1138
14. Grime JP (1977) Evidence for existence of 3 primary strategies in plants and its relevance to ecological and evolutionary theory. Am Nat 111:169-1194
15. Hall LM, George MR, McCreary DD, Adams TE (1992) Effects of cattle grazing on blue oak seedling damage and survival. J Range Manage 45:503-506
16. Hambäck PA, Ågren J, Ericson L (2000) Associational resistance: insect damage to purple loosestrife reduced in thickets of sweet gale. Ecology 81:1784-1794
17. Hester AJ, Millard P, Baillie GJ, Wendler R (2004) How does timing of browsing affect above- and below-ground growth of Betula pendula, Pinus sylvestris and Sorbus aucuparia? Oikos 105:536-550
18. Holmgren M, Scheffer M, Huston MA (1997) The interplay of facilitation and competition in plant communities. Ecology 78:1966-1975
19. Kareiva PM, Bertness MD (1997) Re-examining the role of positive interactions in communities. Ecology 78:1945
20. Krause SC, Raffa KF (1996) Differential growth and recovery rates following defoliation in related deciduous and evergreen trees. Trees-Struct Funct 10:308-316
21. Liss BM (1988) Der Einfluss von weidevieh und wild auf die natürliche und künstliche Verjüngung im Bergmischwald der ostbayerischen Alpen. Forstwiss Cbl 107:14-25
22. Maestre FT, Valladares F, Reynolds JF (2005) Is the change of plant-plant interactions with abiotic stress predictable? A meta-analysis of Weld results in arid environments. J Ecol 93:748-757
23. Milchunas DG, Noy-Meir I (2002) Grazing refuges, external avoidance of herbivory and plant diversity. Oikos 99:113-130
24. Rousset O, Lepart J (2000) Positive and negative interactions at different life stages of a colonizing species (Quercus humilis). J Ecol 88:401-412
25. Shumway SW (2000) Facilitative effects of a sand dune shrub on species growing beneath the shrub canopy. Oecologia 124:138-148
26. Smit C, Béguin D, Buttler A, Mueller-Schaerer H (2005) Safe sites for tree regeneration in wooded pastures: a case of associational resistance? J Veg Sci 16:209-214
27. Smit C, den Ouden J, Mueller-Schaerer H (2006) Unpalatable plants facilitate tree sapling survival in wooded pastures. J Appl Ecol 43:305-312
28. Tewksbury JJ, Lloyd JD (2001) Positive interactions under nurseplants: spatial scale, stress gradients and benefactor size. Oecologia 127:425-434
29. Tirado R, Pugnaire FI (2003) Shrub spatial aggregation and consequences for reproductive success. Oecologia 136:296-301