메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 286, Issue 1-2, 2009, Pages 54-57

An overview of gene-epigenetic-environmental contributions to MS causation

Author keywords

EBV infection; Environmental factors; Gangliosides; Multiple sclerosis; Smoking; Vitamin D

Indexed keywords

DNA; GANGLIOSIDE; VITAMIN D; VITAMIN D RECEPTOR;

EID: 70349769201     PISSN: 0022510X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2009.06.037     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (10)

References (62)
  • 1
    • 57049160500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating epigenetic landmarks in the brain of multiple sclerosis patients: a contribution to the current debate on disease pathogenesis
    • Casaccia-Bonnefil P., Pandozy G., and Mastronardi F. Evaluating epigenetic landmarks in the brain of multiple sclerosis patients: a contribution to the current debate on disease pathogenesis. Prog Neurobiol 86 (2008) 368-378
    • (2008) Prog Neurobiol , vol.86 , pp. 368-378
    • Casaccia-Bonnefil, P.1    Pandozy, G.2    Mastronardi, F.3
  • 2
    • 34347381489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A timing-of-birth effect on multiple sclerosis clinical phenotype
    • Sadovnick A.D., Duquette P., Herrera B., Yee I.M., and Ebers G.C. A timing-of-birth effect on multiple sclerosis clinical phenotype. Neurology 69 (2007) 60-62
    • (2007) Neurology , vol.69 , pp. 60-62
    • Sadovnick, A.D.1    Duquette, P.2    Herrera, B.3    Yee, I.M.4    Ebers, G.C.5
  • 3
    • 0031795197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics of multiple sclerosis
    • Ebers G.C., and Dyment D.A. Genetics of multiple sclerosis. Semin Neurol 18 (1998) 295-299
    • (1998) Semin Neurol , vol.18 , pp. 295-299
    • Ebers, G.C.1    Dyment, D.A.2
  • 4
    • 0030007661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for genetic basis of multiple sclerosis. The Canadian Collaborative Study Group
    • Sadovnick A.D., Ebers G.C., Dyment D.A., and Risch N.J. Evidence for genetic basis of multiple sclerosis. The Canadian Collaborative Study Group. Lancet 347 (1996) 1728-1730
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.347 , pp. 1728-1730
    • Sadovnick, A.D.1    Ebers, G.C.2    Dyment, D.A.3    Risch, N.J.4
  • 5
    • 0029121088 scopus 로고
    • A genetic basis for familial aggregation in multiple sclerosis. Canadian Collaborative Study Group
    • Ebers G.C., Sadovnick A.D., and Risch N.J. A genetic basis for familial aggregation in multiple sclerosis. Canadian Collaborative Study Group. Nature 377 (1995) 150-151
    • (1995) Nature , vol.377 , pp. 150-151
    • Ebers, G.C.1    Sadovnick, A.D.2    Risch, N.J.3
  • 7
    • 0031783392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Major histocompatibility complex class II alleles and the course and outcome of MS: a population-based study
    • Weinshenker B.G., Santrach P., Bissonet A.S., McDonnel S.K., Schaid D., Moore S.B., et al. Major histocompatibility complex class II alleles and the course and outcome of MS: a population-based study. Neurology 51 (1998) 742-747
    • (1998) Neurology , vol.51 , pp. 742-747
    • Weinshenker, B.G.1    Santrach, P.2    Bissonet, A.S.3    McDonnel, S.K.4    Schaid, D.5    Moore, S.B.6
  • 8
    • 0027492226 scopus 로고
    • Multiple sclerosis is associated with genes within or close to the HLA-DR-DQ subregion on a normal DR15, DQ6, Dw2 haplotype
    • Hillert J., and Olerup O. Multiple sclerosis is associated with genes within or close to the HLA-DR-DQ subregion on a normal DR15, DQ6, Dw2 haplotype. Neurology 43 (1993) 163-168
    • (1993) Neurology , vol.43 , pp. 163-168
    • Hillert, J.1    Olerup, O.2
  • 9
    • 70349775057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk alleles for multiple sclerosis identified by a genomewide study
    • International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium
    • International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium, Hafler D.A., Compston A., Sawcer S., Lander E.S., Daly M.J., et al. Risk alleles for multiple sclerosis identified by a genomewide study. N Engl J Med 315 (2007) 1638-1642
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.315 , pp. 1638-1642
    • Hafler, D.A.1    Compston, A.2    Sawcer, S.3    Lander, E.S.4    Daly, M.J.5
  • 10
    • 36749023396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic association analysis of the interleukin 7 gene (IL7) in multiple sclerosis
    • Lundmark F., Duvefelt K., and Hillert J. Genetic association analysis of the interleukin 7 gene (IL7) in multiple sclerosis. Neuroimmunology 192 (2007) 171-173
    • (2007) Neuroimmunology , vol.192 , pp. 171-173
    • Lundmark, F.1    Duvefelt, K.2    Hillert, J.3
  • 11
    • 34548368541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in interleukin 7 receptor alpha chain (IL7R) influences risk of multiple sclerosis
    • Lundmark F., Duvefelt K., Iacobaeus E., Kockum I., Wallström E., Khademi M., et al. Variation in interleukin 7 receptor alpha chain (IL7R) influences risk of multiple sclerosis. Nat Genet 39 (2007) 1108-1113
    • (2007) Nat Genet , vol.39 , pp. 1108-1113
    • Lundmark, F.1    Duvefelt, K.2    Iacobaeus, E.3    Kockum, I.4    Wallström, E.5    Khademi, M.6
  • 12
    • 50349084027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variants of ST8SIA1 are associated with risk of developing multiple sclerosis
    • Southern MS Genetics Consortium
    • Husain S., Yildirim-Toruner C., Rubio J.P., Field J., Southern MS Genetics Consortium, Schwalb M., et al. Variants of ST8SIA1 are associated with risk of developing multiple sclerosis. PLoS ONE 3 (2008) e2653
    • (2008) PLoS ONE , vol.3
    • Husain, S.1    Yildirim-Toruner, C.2    Rubio, J.P.3    Field, J.4    Schwalb, M.5
  • 13
    • 0035988387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disialoganglioside GD3 is released by microglia and induces oligodendrocyte apoptosis
    • Simon B.M., Malisan F., Testi R., Nicotera P., and Leist M. Disialoganglioside GD3 is released by microglia and induces oligodendrocyte apoptosis. Cell Death Differ 9 (2002) 758-767
    • (2002) Cell Death Differ , vol.9 , pp. 758-767
    • Simon, B.M.1    Malisan, F.2    Testi, R.3    Nicotera, P.4    Leist, M.5
  • 14
    • 0032504762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased cerebrospinal fluid ganglioside GD3 concentrations as a marker of microglial activation in HIV type 1 infection
    • Andersson L.M., Fredman P., Lekman A., Rosengren L., and Gisslén M. Increased cerebrospinal fluid ganglioside GD3 concentrations as a marker of microglial activation in HIV type 1 infection. Aids Res Hum Retrovir 14 (1998) 1065-1069
    • (1998) Aids Res Hum Retrovir , vol.14 , pp. 1065-1069
    • Andersson, L.M.1    Fredman, P.2    Lekman, A.3    Rosengren, L.4    Gisslén, M.5
  • 16
    • 1642281535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relapsing and remitting multiple sclerosis: pathology of the newly forming lesion
    • Barnett M.H., and Prineas J.W. Relapsing and remitting multiple sclerosis: pathology of the newly forming lesion. Ann Neurol 55 (2004) 458-468
    • (2004) Ann Neurol , vol.55 , pp. 458-468
    • Barnett, M.H.1    Prineas, J.W.2
  • 17
    • 0028323331 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of anti-GD3-ganglioside antibody-induced proliferation of human CD8+ T cells by CD16+ natural killer cells
    • Claus C., Schlaak J., Dittmayer M., Meyer zum Büschenfelde K., and Dippold W. Inhibition of anti-GD3-ganglioside antibody-induced proliferation of human CD8+ T cells by CD16+ natural killer cells. Eur J Immunol 24 (1994) 1208-1212
    • (1994) Eur J Immunol , vol.24 , pp. 1208-1212
    • Claus, C.1    Schlaak, J.2    Dittmayer, M.3    Meyer zum Büschenfelde, K.4    Dippold, W.5
  • 18
    • 0035089717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recognition of cell surface GD3 by monoclonal antibody anti-6C2 in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid: expression on human T cells with transendothelial migratory activity
    • Homma T., Hosono O., Iwata S., Ando S., Sasaki K., Nishi T., et al. Recognition of cell surface GD3 by monoclonal antibody anti-6C2 in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid: expression on human T cells with transendothelial migratory activity. Arthritis Rheum 44 (2001) 296-306
    • (2001) Arthritis Rheum , vol.44 , pp. 296-306
    • Homma, T.1    Hosono, O.2    Iwata, S.3    Ando, S.4    Sasaki, K.5    Nishi, T.6
  • 19
    • 0037127213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • b-series Ganglioside deficiency exhibits no definite changes in the neurogenesis and the sensitivity to Fas-mediated apoptosis but impairs regeneration of the lesioned hypoglossal nerve
    • Okada M., Itoh M.M., Haraguchi M., Okajima T., Inoue M., Oishi H., et al. b-series Ganglioside deficiency exhibits no definite changes in the neurogenesis and the sensitivity to Fas-mediated apoptosis but impairs regeneration of the lesioned hypoglossal nerve. J Biol Chem 277 (2002) 1633-1636
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 1633-1636
    • Okada, M.1    Itoh, M.M.2    Haraguchi, M.3    Okajima, T.4    Inoue, M.5    Oishi, H.6
  • 20
    • 34447508481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis. Part II: noninfectious factors
    • Ascherio A., and Munger K.L. Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis. Part II: noninfectious factors. Ann Neurol 61 (2007) 504-513
    • (2007) Ann Neurol , vol.61 , pp. 504-513
    • Ascherio, A.1    Munger, K.L.2
  • 21
    • 0021886099 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in US veterans: III. Migration and the risk of MS
    • Kurtzke J.F., Beebe G.W., and Norman J.E. Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in US veterans: III. Migration and the risk of MS. Neurology 35 (1985) 672-678
    • (1985) Neurology , vol.35 , pp. 672-678
    • Kurtzke, J.F.1    Beebe, G.W.2    Norman, J.E.3
  • 23
    • 33846894307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence and fast rising incidence of multiple sclerosis in Caltanissetta, Sicily, southern Italy
    • Grimaldi L.M., Palmeri B., Salemi G., Giglia G., D'Amelio M., Grimaldi R., et al. High prevalence and fast rising incidence of multiple sclerosis in Caltanissetta, Sicily, southern Italy. Neuroepioemiology 28 (2007) 28-32
    • (2007) Neuroepioemiology , vol.28 , pp. 28-32
    • Grimaldi, L.M.1    Palmeri, B.2    Salemi, G.3    Giglia, G.4    D'Amelio, M.5    Grimaldi, R.6
  • 24
    • 70349758916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal trends in the incidence of multiple sclerosis: a systematic review
    • Alonso A., and Hernán M.A. Temporal trends in the incidence of multiple sclerosis: a systematic review. Neurology 70 Suppl 1 (2008) A333
    • (2008) Neurology , vol.70 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Alonso, A.1    Hernán, M.A.2
  • 25
    • 0346688789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple sclerosis in US veterans of the Vietnam era and later military service: race, sex, and geography
    • Wallin M.T., Page W.F., and Kurtzke J.F. Multiple sclerosis in US veterans of the Vietnam era and later military service: race, sex, and geography. Ann Neurol 55 (2004) 65-71
    • (2004) Ann Neurol , vol.55 , pp. 65-71
    • Wallin, M.T.1    Page, W.F.2    Kurtzke, J.F.3
  • 26
    • 34248364052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple sclerosis: the environment and causation
    • Giovannonia G., and Ebers G. Multiple sclerosis: the environment and causation. Curr Opin Neurol 20 (2007) 261-268
    • (2007) Curr Opin Neurol , vol.20 , pp. 261-268
    • Giovannonia, G.1    Ebers, G.2
  • 27
    • 0016965807 scopus 로고
    • Studies in the epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in the Orkney and Shetland Islands
    • Poskanzer D.C., Walker A.M., Yonkondy J., and Sheridan J.L. Studies in the epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in the Orkney and Shetland Islands. Neurology 26 (1976) 14-17
    • (1976) Neurology , vol.26 , pp. 14-17
    • Poskanzer, D.C.1    Walker, A.M.2    Yonkondy, J.3    Sheridan, J.L.4
  • 28
    • 0034680005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epstein-Barr virus infection
    • Cohen J.I. Epstein-Barr virus infection. N Engl J Med 343 (2000) 481-492
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.343 , pp. 481-492
    • Cohen, J.I.1
  • 29
    • 0035063669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple sclerosis and antecedent infections
    • Wolfson C. Multiple sclerosis and antecedent infections. Epidemiology 12 (2001) 298-299
    • (2001) Epidemiology , vol.12 , pp. 298-299
    • Wolfson, C.1
  • 31
    • 0025894054 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological investigation of the association between infectious mononucleosis and multiple sclerosis
    • Lindberg C., Andersen O., Vahlne A., Dalton M., and Runmarker B. Epidemiological investigation of the association between infectious mononucleosis and multiple sclerosis. Neuroepidem 10 (1991) 62-65
    • (1991) Neuroepidem , vol.10 , pp. 62-65
    • Lindberg, C.1    Andersen, O.2    Vahlne, A.3    Dalton, M.4    Runmarker, B.5
  • 34
    • 34249740083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epstein-Barr virus and multiple sclerosis
    • Lünemann J.D., and Münz C. Epstein-Barr virus and multiple sclerosis. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 7 (2007) 253-258
    • (2007) Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep , vol.7 , pp. 253-258
    • Lünemann, J.D.1    Münz, C.2
  • 35
    • 33845706602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High seroprevalence of Epstein-Barr virus in children with multiple sclerosis
    • Pohl D., Krone B., Rostasy K., Kahler E., Brunner E., Lehnert M., et al. High seroprevalence of Epstein-Barr virus in children with multiple sclerosis. Neurology 67 (2006) 2063-2065
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.67 , pp. 2063-2065
    • Pohl, D.1    Krone, B.2    Rostasy, K.3    Kahler, E.4    Brunner, E.5    Lehnert, M.6
  • 36
    • 34547754534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical features and viral serologies in children with multiple sclerosis: a multinational observational study
    • Banwell B., Krupp L., Kennedy J., Tellier R., Tenembaum S., Ness J., et al. Clinical features and viral serologies in children with multiple sclerosis: a multinational observational study. Lancet Neurol 6 (2007) 773-781
    • (2007) Lancet Neurol , vol.6 , pp. 773-781
    • Banwell, B.1    Krupp, L.2    Kennedy, J.3    Tellier, R.4    Tenembaum, S.5    Ness, J.6
  • 37
    • 0033983723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1) associated oligoclonal bands in patients with multiple sclerosis
    • Rand K.H., Houck H., Denslow N.D., and Heilman K.M. Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1) associated oligoclonal bands in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 173 (2000) 32-39
    • (2000) J Neurol Sci , vol.173 , pp. 32-39
    • Rand, K.H.1    Houck, H.2    Denslow, N.D.3    Heilman, K.M.4
  • 38
    • 18244378502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of Epstein-Barr virus proteins as putative targets of the immune response in multiple sclerosis
    • Cepok S., Zhou D., Srivastava R., Nessler S., Stei S., Büssow K., et al. Identification of Epstein-Barr virus proteins as putative targets of the immune response in multiple sclerosis. J Clin Invest 115 (2005) 1352-1360
    • (2005) J Clin Invest , vol.115 , pp. 1352-1360
    • Cepok, S.1    Zhou, D.2    Srivastava, R.3    Nessler, S.4    Stei, S.5    Büssow, K.6
  • 40
    • 33644817954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does epstein-barr virus cause multiple sclerosis?
    • Cook S.D. Does epstein-barr virus cause multiple sclerosis?. Rev Neurol Dis 1 (2004) 115-123
    • (2004) Rev Neurol Dis , vol.1 , pp. 115-123
    • Cook, S.D.1
  • 41
    • 47649127789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Could Epstein-Barr virus or canine distemper virus cause multiple sclerosis?
    • Lincoln J.A., Hankiewicz K., and Cook S.D. Could Epstein-Barr virus or canine distemper virus cause multiple sclerosis?. Neurol Clin 26 (2008) 699-715
    • (2008) Neurol Clin , vol.26 , pp. 699-715
    • Lincoln, J.A.1    Hankiewicz, K.2    Cook, S.D.3
  • 44
    • 0035400165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking and incidence of multiple sclerosis
    • Hernán M.A., Olek M.J., and Ascherio A. Cigarette smoking and incidence of multiple sclerosis. Am J Epidemiol 154 (2001) 69-74
    • (2001) Am J Epidemiol , vol.154 , pp. 69-74
    • Hernán, M.A.1    Olek, M.J.2    Ascherio, A.3
  • 45
    • 34848909001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parental smoking at home and the risk of childhood-onset multiple sclerosis in children
    • KIDSEP study group
    • Mikaeloff Y., Caridade G., Tardieu M., Suissa S., and KIDSEP study group. Parental smoking at home and the risk of childhood-onset multiple sclerosis in children. Brain 130 (2007) 2589-2595
    • (2007) Brain , vol.130 , pp. 2589-2595
    • Mikaeloff, Y.1    Caridade, G.2    Tardieu, M.3    Suissa, S.4
  • 46
    • 34447517875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking and autoimmune disease: what can we learn from epidemiology?
    • Costenbader K.H., and Karlson E.W. Cigarette smoking and autoimmune disease: what can we learn from epidemiology?. Lupus 15 (2006) 737-745
    • (2006) Lupus , vol.15 , pp. 737-745
    • Costenbader, K.H.1    Karlson, E.W.2
  • 47
    • 31044445025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new model for an etiology of rheumatoid arthritis: smoking may trigger HLA-DR (shared epitope)-restricted immune reactions to autoantigens modified by citrullination
    • Klareskog L., Stolt P., Lundberg K., Källberg H., Bengtsson C., Grunewald J., et al. A new model for an etiology of rheumatoid arthritis: smoking may trigger HLA-DR (shared epitope)-restricted immune reactions to autoantigens modified by citrullination. Arthritis Rheum 54 (2006) 38-46
    • (2006) Arthritis Rheum , vol.54 , pp. 38-46
    • Klareskog, L.1    Stolt, P.2    Lundberg, K.3    Källberg, H.4    Bengtsson, C.5    Grunewald, J.6
  • 48
    • 43549093554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoke exposure increases the risk for multiple sclerosis
    • Sundström P., Nyström L., and Hallmans G. Smoke exposure increases the risk for multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 15 (2008) 579-583
    • (2008) Eur J Neurol , vol.15 , pp. 579-583
    • Sundström, P.1    Nyström, L.2    Hallmans, G.3
  • 49
    • 34447514029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D deficiency
    • Holick M.F. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med 357 (2007) 266-281
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.357 , pp. 266-281
    • Holick, M.F.1
  • 50
    • 0016209011 scopus 로고
    • Multiple sclerosis: vitamin D and calcium as environmental determinants of prevalence (a viewpoint). Part 1: sunlight, dietary factors and epidemiology
    • Goldberg P. Multiple sclerosis: vitamin D and calcium as environmental determinants of prevalence (a viewpoint). Part 1: sunlight, dietary factors and epidemiology. Int J Environ Stud 6 (1974) 19-27
    • (1974) Int J Environ Stud , vol.6 , pp. 19-27
    • Goldberg, P.1
  • 51
    • 76949120341 scopus 로고
    • Multiple sclerosis in rural Norway its geographic and occupational incidence in relation to nutrition
    • Swank R.L., Lerstad O., Strøm A., and Backer J. Multiple sclerosis in rural Norway its geographic and occupational incidence in relation to nutrition. N Engl J Med 246 (1952) 721-728
    • (1952) N Engl J Med , vol.246 , pp. 721-728
    • Swank, R.L.1    Lerstad, O.2    Strøm, A.3    Backer, J.4
  • 52
    • 0014040680 scopus 로고
    • On the fine structure of the distribution of multiple sclerosis
    • Kurtzke J.F. On the fine structure of the distribution of multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand 43 (1967) 257-282
    • (1967) Acta Neurol Scand , vol.43 , pp. 257-282
    • Kurtzke, J.F.1
  • 53
    • 0034066852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality from multiple sclerosis and exposure to residential and occupational solar radiation: a case-control study based on death certificates
    • Freedman D.M., Dosemeci M., and Alavanja M.C. Mortality from multiple sclerosis and exposure to residential and occupational solar radiation: a case-control study based on death certificates. Occup Environ Med 57 (2000) 418-421
    • (2000) Occup Environ Med , vol.57 , pp. 418-421
    • Freedman, D.M.1    Dosemeci, M.2    Alavanja, M.C.3
  • 54
    • 0014178911 scopus 로고
    • Geographical considerations in multiple sclerosis
    • Leibowitz U., Sharon D., and Alter M. Geographical considerations in multiple sclerosis. Brain 90 (1967) 871-886
    • (1967) Brain , vol.90 , pp. 871-886
    • Leibowitz, U.1    Sharon, D.2    Alter, M.3
  • 55
    • 0042634407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Past exposure to sun, skin phenotype and risk of multiple sclerosis: a casecontrol study
    • van der Mei I.A.F., Ponsonby A.L., Dwyer T., Blizzard L., Simmons R., Taylor B.V., et al. Past exposure to sun, skin phenotype and risk of multiple sclerosis: a casecontrol study. BMJ 327 (2003) 316-321
    • (2003) BMJ , vol.327 , pp. 316-321
    • van der Mei, I.A.F.1    Ponsonby, A.L.2    Dwyer, T.3    Blizzard, L.4    Simmons, R.5    Taylor, B.V.6
  • 58
    • 33947125482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Helminths as governors of immune-mediated inflammation
    • Elliott D.E., Summers R.W., and Weinstock J.V. Helminths as governors of immune-mediated inflammation. Int J Parasitol 37 (2007) 457-464
    • (2007) Int J Parasitol , vol.37 , pp. 457-464
    • Elliott, D.E.1    Summers, R.W.2    Weinstock, J.V.3
  • 59
    • 51549118693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Helminth infections associated with multiple sclerosis induce regulatory B cells
    • Correale J., Farez M., and Razzitte G. Helminth infections associated with multiple sclerosis induce regulatory B cells. Ann Neurol 64 (2008) 187-199
    • (2008) Ann Neurol , vol.64 , pp. 187-199
    • Correale, J.1    Farez, M.2    Razzitte, G.3
  • 60
    • 34347381489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A timing-of-birth effect on multiple sclerosis clinical phenotype
    • Sadovnick A.D., Duquette P., Herrera B., Yee I.M., and Ebers G.C. A timing-of-birth effect on multiple sclerosis clinical phenotype. Neurology 69 (2007) 60-62
    • (2007) Neurology , vol.69 , pp. 60-62
    • Sadovnick, A.D.1    Duquette, P.2    Herrera, B.3    Yee, I.M.4    Ebers, G.C.5
  • 61
    • 0036793245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A functional and structural basis for TCR cross-reactivity in multiple sclerosis
    • Lang H.L., Jacobsen H., Ikemizu S., Andersson C., Harlos K., Madsen L., et al. A functional and structural basis for TCR cross-reactivity in multiple sclerosis. Nat Immunol 3 (2002) 940-943
    • (2002) Nat Immunol , vol.3 , pp. 940-943
    • Lang, H.L.1    Jacobsen, H.2    Ikemizu, S.3    Andersson, C.4    Harlos, K.5    Madsen, L.6
  • 62
    • 0242270822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infection of autoreactive B lymphocytes with EBV, causing chronic autoimmune diseases
    • Pender M.P. Infection of autoreactive B lymphocytes with EBV, causing chronic autoimmune diseases. Trends Immunol 24 (2003) 584-588
    • (2003) Trends Immunol , vol.24 , pp. 584-588
    • Pender, M.P.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.