Pharmacological treatment of frailty in the elderly

Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research

Volumn 39, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 147-151

  Campbell, Stephen ^a   Szoeke, Cassandra ^b  

^a AUSTIN HEALTH   (Australia)

^b CSIRO   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANABOLIC AGENT; ERGOCALCIFEROL; FINASTERIDE; GROWTH HORMONE; PERINDOPRIL; PRASTERONE; SOMATOMEDIN C; TESTOSTERONE; VITAMIN D;

ARTHRALGIA; CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME; CLINICAL RESEARCH; CLINICAL TRIAL; EDEMA; EXHAUSTION; FLUID RETENTION; GERIATRIC DISORDER; GERIATRIC FRAILTY SYNDROME; GYNECOMASTIA; HEALTH; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPERTENSION; INDEPENDENCE; MUSCLE ATROPHY; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; OSTEOPOROSIS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PHYSIOTHERAPY; POLYCYTHEMIA; QUALITY OF LIFE; REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT; SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME; WALKING DIFFICULTY; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

EID: 68849112138     PISSN: 1445937X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/j.2055-2335.2009.tb00440.x     Document Type: Review

References (68)

1. Barzilay JI, Blaum C, Moore T, Xue QL, Hirsch CH, Walston JL, et al. Insulin resistance and inflammation as precursors of frailty. The Cardiovascular Health Study. Arch Intern Med 2007; 167: 635-641
2. Borz W. A conceptual framework of frailty: a review. J Gerontol Med Sci 2002; 57: M283-M288.
3. Fried LP, Tangen C, Walston J, Newman AB, Hirsch C, Gottdiener J, et al. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sei 2001; 56: M146-M156. (Pubitemid 32187141)
4. Rockwood K, Stadnyk K, MacKnight C, McDowell I, Hebert R, Hogan DB. A brief clinical instrument to classify frailty in elderly people. Lancet 1999; 353: 205-206 (Pubitemid 29088034)
5. Ensrud KE, Ewing SK, Taylor BC, Fink HA, Stone KL, Cauley JA, et al. Frailty and risk of falls, fracture, and mortality in older women: the study of osteoporotic fractures. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2007; 62: 744-751
6. Rockwood K, Andrew M, Mitnitski A. A comparison of two approaches to measuring frailty in older people. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2007; 62: 738-43. (Pubitemid 350143605)
7. Fried LP, Borhani NO, Enright P, Furberg CD, Gardin JM, Kronmal RA, et al. The Cardiovascular Health Study: design and rationale. Ann Epidemiol 1991; 1: 263-276
8. Bandeen-Roche K, Xue QL, Ferrucci L, Walston J, Guralnik JM, Chaves P, et al. Phenotype of frailty: characterisation in the women's health and aging studies. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2006; 61: 262-266
9. Melton LJ, Khosla S, Crowson CS, O'Connor MK, O'Fallon WM, Riggs BL. Epidemiology of sarcopenia. J Am Geriatr Soc 2000; 48: 625-630
10. Volpi E, Nazemi R, Fujita S. Muscle tissue changes with aging. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2004; 7: 405-410
11. Montgomery H, Clarkson P, Barnard M, Bell J, Brynes A, Dollery C, et al. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and response to physical training. Lancet 1999; 353: 541-545 (Pubitemid 29078424)
12. Onder G, Penninx BW, Balkrishna R, Fried LP, Chaves PH, Williamson J, et al. Relation between use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and muscle strength and physical function in older women: an observational study. Lancet 2002; 359: 926-930
13. Sumukadas D, Witham M, Struthers AD, McMurdo ME. Effect of perindopril on physical function in elderly people with functional impairment: a randomized controlled trial. CMAJ 2007; 177: 867-874 (Pubitemid 47612819)
14. Coirault C, Langeron O, Lambert F, Blanc FX, Lerebours G, Claude N, et al. Impaired skeletal muscle performance in the early stage of cardiac pressure overload in rabbits: beneficial effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999; 291: 70-75 (Pubitemid 29451574)
15. Puts MT, Visser M, Twisk JW, Deeg DJ, Lips P. Endocrine and inflammatory markers as predictors of frailty. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2005; 63: 403-411 (Pubitemid 41442334)
16. Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Dietrich T, Orav EJ, Hu FB, Zhang Y, Karlson EW, et al. Higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are associated with better lower extremity function in both active and inactive persons aged ≥ 60 y. Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 80: 752-758 (Pubitemid 41115542)
17. Dhesi JK, Jackson SH, Bearne LM, Moniz C, Hurley MV, Swift CG, et al. Vitamin D supplementation improves neuromuscular function in older people who fall. Age Ageing 2004; 33: 589-595 (Pubitemid 39504292)
18. Wicherts IS, Van Schoor NM, Boeke AJ, Visser M, Deeg DJ, Smit J, et al. Vitamin D status predicts physical performance and its decline in older persons. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92: 2058-2065 (Pubitemid 46997101)
19. Flicker L, MacInnis RJ, Stein MS, Scherer SC, Mead KE, Nowson CA, et al. Should older people in residential care receive vitamin D to prevent falls? Results of a randomised trial. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005; 53: 1881-1888 (Pubitemid 41826064)
20. Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Dawson-Hughes B, Willett WC, Staehelin HB, Bazemore MG Zee RY, et al. Effect of vitamin D on falls: a meta-analysis. JAMA 2004; 291: 1999-2006.
21. Larsen ER, Mosekilde L, Foldspang A. Vitamin D and calcium supplementation prevents severe falls in elderly community-dwelling women: a pragmatic population-based 3-year intervention study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2005; 17: 125-132 (Pubitemid 41558121)
22. Urban RJ, Bodenburg YH, Gilkison C, Foxworth J, Coggan AR, Wolfe RR, et al. Testosterone administration to elderly men increases skeletal muscle strength and protein synthesis. Am J Physiol 1995; 269: E820-E826. (Pubitemid 3005899)
23. Bhasin S, Storer TW, Berman N, Yarasheski KE, Clevenger B, Phillips J, et al. Testosterone replacement increases fat-free mass and muscle size in hypogonadal men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82: 407-413 (Pubitemid 27068601)
24. Lamberts SW, van den Beld AW, van der Lely AJ. The endocrinology of aging. Science 1997; 278: 419-424
25. Szulc P, Claustrat B, Marchard F, Delmas PD. Increased risk of falls and increased bone resorption in elderly men with partial androgen deficiency: the MINOS study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88: 5240-5247 (Pubitemid 37452722)
26. Sipila S, Taafe DR, Cheng S, Puolakka J, Toivanen J, Suominen H. Effects of hormone replacement therapy and high-impact physical exercise on skeletal muscle in post-menopausal women: a randomised placebo-controlled study. Clin Sci (Lond) 2001; 101: 147-157 (Pubitemid 32758556)
27. Phillips SK, Rook KM, Siddle NC, Bruce SA, Woledge RC. Muscle weakness in women occurs at an earlier age than in men, but strength is preserved by hormone replacement therapy. Clin Sci (Lond) 1993; 84: 95-98
28. Wang C, Swerdloff RS, Iranmanesh A, Dobs A, Snyder PJ, Cunningham G, et al. Transdermal testosterone gel improves sexual function, mood, muscle strength, and body composition parameters in hypogonadal men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85: 2839-2853 (Pubitemid 32269162)
29. Brodsky IG, Balagopal P, Nair KS. Effects of testosterone replacement on muscle mass and muscle protein synthesis in hypogonadal men-a clinical research center study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996; 81: 3469-3475 (Pubitemid 26339901)
30. Storer TW, Magliano L, Woodhouse L, Lee ML, Dzekov C, Dzekov J, et al. Testosterone dose-dependently increases maximal voluntary strength and leg power, but does not affect fatiguability or specific tension. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88: 1478-1485 (Pubitemid 36636978)
31. Bhasin S, Storer TW, Javanbakht M, Berman N, Yarasheski KE, Phillips J, et al. Testosterone replacement and resistance exercise in HIV-infected men with weight loss and low testosterone levels. JAMA 2000; 283: 763-770
32. Snyder PJ, Peachey H, Hannoush P, Berlin JA, Loh L, Lenrow DA, et al. Effect of testosterone treatment on body composition and muscle strength in men over 65 years of age. J Endocrinol Metab 1999; 84: 2647-2653 (Pubitemid 30641987)
33. Kenny AM, Prestwood KM, Gruman CA, Marcello KM, Raisz LG. Effects of transdermal testosterone on bone and muscle in older men with low bioavailable testosterone levels. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2001; 56: M266-M272.
34. Brill KT, Weltman AL, Gentili A, Patrie JT, Fryburg DA, Hanks JB, et al. Single and combined effects of growth hormone and testosterone administration on measures of body composition, physical performance, mood, sexual function, bone turnover, and muscle gene expression in healthy older men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002; 87: 5649-5657 (Pubitemid 36034373)
35. Clague JE, Wu FC, Horan MA. Difficulties in measuring the effect of testosterone replacement therapy on muscle function in older men. Int J Androl 1999; 22: 261-265
36. Wittert GA, Chapman IM, Haren MT, Mackintosh S, Coates P, Morley JE. Oral testosterone supplementation increases muscle and decreases fat mass in healthy elderly males with low-normal gonadal status. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2003; 58: 618-625 (Pubitemid 36900168)
37. Sih R, Morley JE, Kaiser FE, Perry HM 3rd, Patrick P, Ross C. Testosterone replacement in older hypogonadal men: a 12-month randomized controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82: 1661-1667
38. Mikuz G. Pathology of prostate cancer. Old problems and new facts. Adv Clin Path 1997; 1: 21-34.
39. Page ST, Amory JK, Bowman FD, Anawalt BD, MatsumotoAM, Bremner WJ, et al. Exogenous testosterone (T) alone or with finasteride increases physical performance, grip strength, and lean body mass in older men with low serum T. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 90: 1502-1510
40. Valenti G, Denti L, Maggio M, Ceda G, Volpatos S, Bandinelli S, et al. Effect of DHEAS on skeletal muscle over the life span: the InCHIANTI study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2004; 59: 466-472 (Pubitemid 38649938)
41. O'Donnell AB, Travison TG, Harris SS, Tenover JL, McKinlay JB. Testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, and physical performance in older men: results from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91: 425-431 (Pubitemid 43236905)
42. Flynn MA, Weaver-Osterholtz D, Sharpe-Timms KL, Allen S, Krause G. Dehydroepiandrosterone replacement in aging humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 84: 1527-1533
43. Jedrzejuk D, Medras M, Milewicz A, Demissie M. Dehydroepiandrosterone replacement in healthy men with age-related decline of DHEA-S: effects on fat distribution, insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism. Aging Male 2003; 6: 151-156 (Pubitemid 37411885)
44. Percheron G, Hogrel JY, Denot-Ledunois S, Fayet G, Forette F, Baulieu EE, et al. Effect of 1-year oral administration of dehydroepiandrosterone to 60- to 80-year-old individuals on muscle function and cross-sectional area: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Arch Intern Med 2003; 163: 720-727 (Pubitemid 36343366)
45. Nair KS, Rizza RA, O'Brien P, Dhatariva K, Short KR, Nehra A, et al. DHEA in elderly women and DHEA or testosterone in elderly men. N Engl J Med 2006; 355: 1647-1659 (Pubitemid 44583955)
46. McKoy G, Ashley W, Mander J, Yang SY, Williams N, Russell B, et al. Expression of insulin growth factor-1 splice variants and structural genes in rabbit skeletal muscle induced by stretch and stimulation. J Physiol 1999; 516: 583-592 (Pubitemid 29204460)
47. DeVol DL, Rotwein P, Sadow JL, Novakofski J, Bechtel PJ. Activation of insulin-like growth factor gene expression during work-induced skeletal muscle growth. Am J Physiol 1990; 259: E89-E95. (Pubitemid 20229551)
48. Grounds MD. Reasons for the degeneration of ageing skeletal muscle: a central role for IGF-1 signalling. Biogerontology 2002; 3: 19-24.
49. Iranmanesh A, Lizzaralde G, Veldhuis JD. Age and relative adiposity are specific negative determinants of the frequency and amplitude of growth (GH) secretory bursts and the half-life of endogenous GH in healthy men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991; 73: 1081-1088 (Pubitemid 21901150)
50. Svensson J, Sunnerhagen KS, Johannsson G. Five years of growth hormone replacement therapy in adults: age- and gender-related changes in isometric and isokinetic muscle strength. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88: 2061-2069 (Pubitemid 36553111)
51. Rudman D, Feller AG, Nagraj HS, Gergans GA, Lalitha PY, Goldberg AF, et al. Effects of human growth hormone in men over 60 years old. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 1-6. (Pubitemid 20209464)
52. Papadakis MA, Grady D, Black D, Tiemey MJ, Gooding GA, Schambelan M, et al. Growth hormone replacement in healthy older men improves body composition but no functional ability. Ann Intern Med 1996; 124: 708-716 (Pubitemid 26117919)
53. Blackman MR, Sorkin JD, Munzer T, Bellantoni MF, Busby-Whitehead J, Stevens TE, et al. Growth hormone and sex steroid administration in healthy aged women and men: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002; 288: 2282-92. (Pubitemid 34074441)
54. Cohn L, Feller AG, Draper MW, Rudman IW, Rudman D. Carpal tunnel syndrome and gynecomastia during growth hormone treatment of elderly men with low circulating IGF-I concentrations. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1993; 39: 417-425 (Pubitemid 23308418)
55. Yarasheski KE, Zachwieja JJ. Growth hormone therapy for the elderly: the fountain of youth proves toxic. JAMA 1993; 270: 1694.
56. Liu H, Bravata D, Olkin I, Nayak S, Roberts B, Garber AM, et al. Systematic review: the safety and efficacy of growth hormone in the healthy elderly. Ann Intern Med 2007; 146: 104-115 (Pubitemid 351640014)
57. Hameed M, Harridge SD, Goldspink G. Sarcopenia and hypertrophy: a role for insulin-like growth factor-1 in aged muscle? Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2002; 30: 15-19.
58. Friedlander AL, Butterfield GE, Moynihan S, Grillo J, Pollack M, Holloway L, et al. One year of insulin like growth factor-lI treatment does not affect bone density, body composition, or psychological measures in postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86: 1496-1503 (Pubitemid 32374893)
59. Boonen S, Rosen C, Bouillon R, Sommer A, McKay M, Rosen D, et al. Musculoskeletal effects of the recombinant human IGF-I/IGF binding protein-3 complex in osteoporotic patients with proximal femoral fracture: a double blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002; 87: 1593-1599 (Pubitemid 34615245)
60. Walston J, Hadley E, Ferrucci L, Guralnik JM, Newman AB, Studenski SA, et al. Research agenda for frailty in older adults: toward a better understanding of physiology and etiology: summary from the American Geriatrics Society/National Institute on Aging Research Conference on Frailty in Older Adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2006; 54: 991-1001. (Pubitemid 43847040)
61. Cesari M, Penninx BW, Pahor M, Lauretani F, Corsi AM, Rhys Williams G, et al. Inflammatory markers and performance in older persons: the InCHIANTI study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2004; 59: 242-248 (Pubitemid 38375337)
62. Bautmans I, Njemini R, Predom H, Lemper JC, Mets T. Muscle endurance in elderly nursing home residents is related to fatigue perception, mobility, and circulating tumour necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6 and heat shock protein 70. J Am Geriatr Soc 2008; 56: 389-396 (Pubitemid 351327923)
63. Roubenoff R. Physical activity, inflammation, and muscle loss. Nutr Rev 2007; 65: S208-S212.
64. Frederick F, Wikby A, Maxson P, Olsson J, Johansson B. Immune parameters in a longitudinal study of a very old population of Swedish people: a comparison between survivors and nonsurvivors. J Gerontol Bioi Sci 1995, 50A: B378-B382.
65. Barzilay JI, Blaum C, Moore T, Xue Q-L, Hirsch CH, Walston JD, et al. Insulin resistance and inflammation as precursors of frailty. Arch Intern Med 2007; 167: 635-641
66. Leng SX, Xue Q-L, Tian J, Walston JD, Fried LP. Inflammation and frailty in older women. J Am Geriatr Soc 2007; 55: 864-871
67. Fiaterone MA, O'Neill EF, Ryan ND, Clements KM, Solares GR, Nelson ME, et al. Exercise training and nutritional supplementation for physical frailty in very elderly people. N Engl J Med 1994; 330: 1769-1775 (Pubitemid 24177611)
68. Gill TM, Baker DI, Gottschalk M, Peduzzi PN, Allore H, Byers A. A program to prevent functional decline in physically frail, elderly persons who live at home. N Engl J Med 2002; 347: 1068-1074