메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 15, 2009, Pages 3185-3200

Population differentiation of temperate amphibians in unpredictable environments

Author keywords

Anaxyrus; Bufo; Connectivity; Desert; Pond breeding; Scaphiopus

Indexed keywords

MICROSATELLITE DNA;

EID: 68149102952     PISSN: 09621083     EISSN: 1365294X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04273.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (40)

References (99)
  • 2
    • 10844239812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controlling for the effects of history and nonequilibrium conditions in gene flow estimates in the northern Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) populations
    • Austin JD, Lougheed SC, Boag PT (2004) Controlling for the effects of history and nonequilibrium conditions in gene flow estimates in the northern Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) populations. Genetics, 168, 1491 1506.
    • (2004) Genetics , vol.168 , pp. 1491-1506
    • Austin, J.D.1    Lougheed, S.C.2    Boag, P.T.3
  • 3
    • 0025680310 scopus 로고
    • Dispersal in the Wood Frog (Rana sylvatica): Implications for genetic population structure
    • Berven KA, Grudzien TA (1990) Dispersal in the Wood Frog (Rana sylvatica): implications for genetic population structure. Evolution, 44, 2047 2056.
    • (1990) Evolution , vol.44 , pp. 2047-2056
    • Berven, K.A.1    Grudzien, T.A.2
  • 4
    • 0028179762 scopus 로고
    • Amphibian declines: Judging stability, persistence, and susceptibility of populations to local and global extinction
    • Blaustein AR, Wake DB, Sousa WP (1994) Amphibian declines: judging stability, persistence, and susceptibility of populations to local and global extinction. Conservation Biology, 8, 60 71.
    • (1994) Conservation Biology , vol.8 , pp. 60-71
    • Blaustein, A.R.1    Wake, D.B.2    Sousa, W.P.3
  • 5
    • 0036318165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IBD (Isolation by Distance): A program for analyses of isolation by distance
    • Bohonak AJ (2002) IBD (Isolation by Distance): a program for analyses of isolation by distance. Journal of Heredity, 93, 153 154.
    • (2002) Journal of Heredity , vol.93 , pp. 153-154
    • Bohonak, A.J.1
  • 6
    • 0037751769 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the ecology and natural history of Anura, I. Habits, habitat and breeding of Bufo cognatus Say
    • Bragg AN (1940a) Observations on the ecology and natural history of Anura, I. Habits, habitat and breeding of Bufo cognatus Say. The American Naturalist, 74, 424 438.
    • (1940) The American Naturalist , vol.74 , pp. 424-438
    • Bragg, A.N.1
  • 7
    • 0037751769 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the ecology and natural history of Anura, I. Habits, habitat and breeding of Bufo cognatus Say
    • Bragg AN (1940b) Observations on the ecology and natural history of Anura, I. Habits, habitat and breeding of Bufo cognatus Say. The American Naturalist, 74, 322 349.
    • (1940) The American Naturalist , vol.74 , pp. 322-349
    • Bragg, A.N.1
  • 8
    • 68149116739 scopus 로고
    • Social behavior in juveniles of Bufo cognatus Say
    • Bragg AN, Brooks M (1958) Social behavior in juveniles of Bufo cognatus Say. Herpetologica, 14, 141 147.
    • (1958) Herpetologica , vol.14 , pp. 141-147
    • Bragg, A.N.1    Brooks, M.2
  • 9
    • 1042267118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrasting population structure in two sympatric anurans: Implications for species conservation
    • Brede EG, Beebee TJC (2004) Contrasting population structure in two sympatric anurans: implications for species conservation. Heredity, 92, 110 117.
    • (2004) Heredity , vol.92 , pp. 110-117
    • Brede, E.G.1    Beebee, T.J.C.2
  • 10
    • 0000328378 scopus 로고
    • The effect of post-metamorphic dispersal on the population genetic structure of Fowler's Toad, Bufo woodhousei fowleri
    • Breden F (1987) The effect of post-metamorphic dispersal on the population genetic structure of Fowler's Toad, Bufo woodhousei fowleri. Copeia, 1987, 386 395.
    • (1987) Copeia , vol.1987 , pp. 386-395
    • Breden, F.1
  • 12
    • 3042824174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microsatellite variation and population structure in a declining Australian hylid Litoria aurea
    • Burns EL, Eldridge MDB, Houlden BA (2004) Microsatellite variation and population structure in a declining Australian hylid Litoria aurea. Molecular Ecology, 13, 1745 1757.
    • (2004) Molecular Ecology , vol.13 , pp. 1745-1757
    • Burns, E.L.1    Eldridge, M.D.B.2    Houlden, B.A.3
  • 13
    • 33847347577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of microsatellite markers for Couch's Spadefoot toad (Scaphiopus couchii) and cross-amplification in other species of the Family Scaphiopodidae
    • Chan LM (2007a) Characterization of microsatellite markers for Couch's Spadefoot toad (Scaphiopus couchii) and cross-amplification in other species of the Family Scaphiopodidae. Molecular Ecology Notes, 7, 318 320.
    • (2007) Molecular Ecology Notes , vol.7 , pp. 318-320
    • Chan, L.M.1
  • 14
    • 33847367668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twelve novel microsatellite markers for the Great Plains toad, Bufo cognatus
    • Chan LM (2007b) Twelve novel microsatellite markers for the Great Plains toad, Bufo cognatus. Molecular Ecology Notes, 7, 278 280.
    • (2007) Molecular Ecology Notes , vol.7 , pp. 278-280
    • Chan, L.M.1
  • 16
    • 38349175009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating individual behaviour and landscape genetics: The population structure of timber rattlesnake hibernacula
    • Clark RW, Brown WS, Stechert R, Zamudio KR (2008) Integrating individual behaviour and landscape genetics: the population structure of timber rattlesnake hibernacula. Molecular Ecology, 17, 719 730.
    • (2008) Molecular Ecology , vol.17 , pp. 719-730
    • Clark, R.W.1    Brown, W.S.2    Stechert, R.3    Zamudio, K.R.4
  • 17
    • 33645878576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic structure is influenced by landscape features: Empirical evidence from a roe deer population
    • Coulon A, Guillot G, Cosson JF et al. (2006) Genetic structure is influenced by landscape features: empirical evidence from a roe deer population. Molecular Ecology, 15, 1669 1679.
    • (2006) Molecular Ecology , vol.15 , pp. 1669-1679
    • Coulon, A.1    Guillot, G.2    Cosson, J.F.3
  • 18
    • 0003041485 scopus 로고
    • Ecological relationships in a desert anuran community
    • Creusere FM, Whitford WG (1976) Ecological relationships in a desert anuran community. Herpetologica, 32, 7 18.
    • (1976) Herpetologica , vol.32 , pp. 7-18
    • Creusere, F.M.1    Whitford, W.G.2
  • 19
    • 0018733521 scopus 로고
    • Development of vegetation and climate in the Southwestern United States
    • van Devender TR, Spaulding WG (1979) Development of vegetation and climate in the Southwestern United States. Science, 204, 701 710.
    • (1979) Science , vol.204 , pp. 701-710
    • Van Devender, T.R.1    Spaulding, W.G.2
  • 21
    • 0041817568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data: Linked loci and correlated allele frequencies
    • Falush D, Stephens M, Pritchard JK (2003) Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data: linked loci and correlated allele frequencies. Genetics, 164, 1567 1587.
    • (2003) Genetics , vol.164 , pp. 1567-1587
    • Falush, D.1    Stephens, M.2    Pritchard, J.K.3
  • 22
    • 13444291748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population structure of Columbia spotted frogs (Rana luteiventris) is strongly affected by the landscape
    • Funk WC, Blouin MS, Corn PS et al. (2005) Population structure of Columbia spotted frogs (Rana luteiventris) is strongly affected by the landscape. Molecular Ecology, 14, 483 496.
    • (2005) Molecular Ecology , vol.14 , pp. 483-496
    • Funk, W.C.1    Blouin, M.S.2    Corn, P.S.3
  • 23
    • 34548531582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fidelity and dispersal in the pond-breeding amphibian, Ambystoma opacum: Implications for spatio-temporal population dynamics and conservation
    • Gamble LR, McGarigal K, Compton BW (2007) Fidelity and dispersal in the pond-breeding amphibian, Ambystoma opacum: implications for spatio-temporal population dynamics and conservation. Biological Conservation, 139, 247 257.
    • (2007) Biological Conservation , vol.139 , pp. 247-257
    • Gamble, L.R.1    McGarigal, K.2    Compton, B.W.3
  • 24
    • 34047189797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of altitude and topography on genetic structure in the long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum)
    • Giordano A, Ridenhour BJ, Storfer A (2007) The influence of altitude and topography on genetic structure in the long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum). Molecular Ecology, 16, 1625 1637.
    • (2007) Molecular Ecology , vol.16 , pp. 1625-1637
    • Giordano, A.1    Ridenhour, B.J.2    Storfer, A.3
  • 25
    • 1342309840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Five polymorphic microsatellite markers for the Great Plains toad, Bufo cognatus
    • Gonzales Z, Ray DA, McAliley LR et al. (2004) Five polymorphic microsatellite markers for the Great Plains toad, Bufo cognatus. Molecular Ecology Notes, 4, 9 10.
    • (2004) Molecular Ecology Notes , vol.4 , pp. 9-10
    • Gonzales, Z.1    Ray, D.A.2    McAliley, L.R.3
  • 26
    • 85007320774 scopus 로고
    • Fstat (version 1.2): A computer program to calculate F-statistics
    • Goudet J (1995) fstat (version 1.2): a computer program to calculate F-statistics. Journal of Heredity, 86, 485 486.
    • (1995) Journal of Heredity , vol.86 , pp. 485-486
    • Goudet, J.1
  • 27
    • 0030454565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing differentiation in diploid populations
    • Goudet J, Raymond M, De Meeüs T, Rousset F (1996) Testing differentiation in diploid populations. Genetics, 144, 1933 1940.
    • (1996) Genetics , vol.144 , pp. 1933-1940
    • Goudet, J.1    Raymond, M.2    De Meeüs, T.3    Rousset, F.4
  • 29
    • 0026689178 scopus 로고
    • Performing the exact test of Hardy-Weinberg proportion for multiple alleles
    • Guo SW, Thompson EA (1992) Performing the exact test of Hardy-Weinberg proportion for multiple alleles. Biometrics, 48, 361 372.
    • (1992) Biometrics , vol.48 , pp. 361-372
    • Guo, S.W.1    Thompson, E.A.2
  • 30
    • 15244350646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive modes in frogs and their unexpected diversity in the Atlantic forest of Brazil
    • Haddad CFB, Prado CPA (2005) Reproductive modes in frogs and their unexpected diversity in the Atlantic forest of Brazil. BioScience, 55, 207 217.
    • (2005) BioScience , vol.55 , pp. 207-217
    • Haddad, C.F.B.1    Prado, C.P.A.2
  • 31
    • 0343107059 scopus 로고
    • Population subdivision and genetic divergence in the Red-Bellied Newt, Taricha rivularis
    • Hedgecock D (1978) Population subdivision and genetic divergence in the Red-Bellied Newt, Taricha rivularis. Evolution, 32, 271 286.
    • (1978) Evolution , vol.32 , pp. 271-286
    • Hedgecock, D.1
  • 32
    • 0032965634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perspective: Highly variable loci and their interpretation in evolution and conservation
    • Hedrick PW (1999) Perspective: highly variable loci and their interpretation in evolution and conservation. Evolution, 53, 313 318.
    • (1999) Evolution , vol.53 , pp. 313-318
    • Hedrick, P.W.1
  • 33
    • 24644446846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A standardized genetic differentiation measure
    • Hedrick PW (2005) A standardized genetic differentiation measure. Evolution, 59, 1633 1638.
    • (2005) Evolution , vol.59 , pp. 1633-1638
    • Hedrick, P.W.1
  • 35
    • 0001021523 scopus 로고
    • Physiological correlates of differential dehydration tolerance in anuran amphibians
    • Hillman SS (1980) Physiological correlates of differential dehydration tolerance in anuran amphibians. Copeia, 1980, 125 129.
    • (1980) Copeia , vol.1980 , pp. 125-129
    • Hillman, S.S.1
  • 36
    • 0031214286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic substructuring as a result of barriers to gene flow in urban Rana temporaria (Common Frog) populations: Implications for biodiversity conservation
    • Hitchings SP, Beebee TJC (1997) Genetic substructuring as a result of barriers to gene flow in urban Rana temporaria (Common Frog) populations: implications for biodiversity conservation. Heredity, 79, 117 127.
    • (1997) Heredity , vol.79 , pp. 117-127
    • Hitchings, S.P.1    Beebee, T.J.C.2
  • 39
    • 18544383472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contemporary gene flow and the spatio-temporal genetic structure of subdivided newt populations (Triturus cristatus, T. marmoratus)
    • Jehle R, Wilson GA, Arntzen JW, Burke T (2005) Contemporary gene flow and the spatio-temporal genetic structure of subdivided newt populations (Triturus cristatus, T. marmoratus). Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 18, 619 628.
    • (2005) Journal of Evolutionary Biology , vol.18 , pp. 619-628
    • Jehle, R.1    Wilson, G.A.2    Arntzen, J.W.3    Burke, T.4
  • 41
    • 33645024316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • History vs. current demography: Explaining the genetic population structure of the common frog (Rana temporaria)
    • Johansson M, Primmer CR, Merilä J (2006) History vs. current demography: explaining the genetic population structure of the common frog (Rana temporaria). Molecular Ecology, 15, 975 983.
    • (2006) Molecular Ecology , vol.15 , pp. 975-983
    • Johansson, M.1    Primmer, C.R.2    Merilä, J.3
  • 42
    • 4544293053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Counting alleles with rarefaction: Private alleles and hierarchical sampling designs
    • Kalinowski ST (2004) Counting alleles with rarefaction: private alleles and hierarchical sampling designs. Conservation Genetics, 5, 539 543.
    • (2004) Conservation Genetics , vol.5 , pp. 539-543
    • Kalinowski, S.T.1
  • 43
    • 14844358868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hp-rare 1.0: A computer program for performing rarefaction on measures of allelic richness
    • Kalinowski ST (2005) hp-rare 1.0: a computer program for performing rarefaction on measures of allelic richness. Molecular Ecology Notes, 5, 187 189.
    • (2005) Molecular Ecology Notes , vol.5 , pp. 187-189
    • Kalinowski, S.T.1
  • 44
    • 33745041278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative performance of Bayesian clustering software for inferring population substructure and individual assignment at low levels of population differentiation
    • Latch EK, Dharmarajan G, Glaubitz JC, Rhodes OE (2006) Relative performance of Bayesian clustering software for inferring population substructure and individual assignment at low levels of population differentiation. Conservation Genetics, 7, 295 302.
    • (2006) Conservation Genetics , vol.7 , pp. 295-302
    • Latch, E.K.1    Dharmarajan, G.2    Glaubitz, J.C.3    Rhodes, O.E.4
  • 46
    • 0006359291 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of amphibian life histories in the desert
    • In. ed. Goodall, D.W. pp. University of Texas Press. Austin, TX, USA.
    • Low BS (1976) The evolution of amphibian life histories in the desert. In : Evolution of Desert Biota (ed. Goodall DW pp. 149 195. University of Texas Press, Austin, TX, USA.
    • (1976) Evolution of Desert Biota , pp. 149-195
    • Low, B.S.1
  • 48
    • 0014054519 scopus 로고
    • The detection of disease clustering and a generalised regression approach
    • Mantel N (1967) The detection of disease clustering and a generalised regression approach. Cancer Research, 27, 209 220.
    • (1967) Cancer Research , vol.27 , pp. 209-220
    • Mantel, N.1
  • 49
    • 84958657853 scopus 로고
    • Pleistocene pollen analysis and biogeography of the southwest
    • In. eds. Wright, H.E.Jr. Frey, D.G. pp. Princeton University Press. Princeton, NJ.
    • Martin PS, Mehringer DR Jr. (1965) Pleistocene pollen analysis and biogeography of the southwest. In : The Quaternary of the United States (eds Wright HE Jr., Frey DG pp. 433 451. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
    • (1965) The Quaternary of the United States , pp. 433-451
    • Martin, P.S.1    Mehringer, Jr.D.R.2
  • 50
    • 0038460135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population genetic structure of the toad Bufo woodhousii: An empirical assessment of the effects of haplotype extinction on nested cladistic analysis
    • Masta SE, Laurent NM, Routman EJ (2003) Population genetic structure of the toad Bufo woodhousii: an empirical assessment of the effects of haplotype extinction on nested cladistic analysis. Molecular Ecology, 12, 1541 1554.
    • (2003) Molecular Ecology , vol.12 , pp. 1541-1554
    • Masta, S.E.1    Laurent, N.M.2    Routman, E.J.3
  • 51
    • 0002647263 scopus 로고
    • Adaptations of the amphibian, Scaphiopus couchii, to desert conditions
    • Mayhew WW (1965) Adaptations of the amphibian, Scaphiopus couchii, to desert conditions. American Midland Naturalist, 74, 95 109.
    • (1965) American Midland Naturalist , vol.74 , pp. 95-109
    • Mayhew, W.W.1
  • 52
    • 43149123865 scopus 로고
    • Osmotic tolerance of muscles of two desert-inhabiting toads, Bufo cognatus and Scaphiopus couchii
    • McClanahan L Jr. (1964) Osmotic tolerance of muscles of two desert-inhabiting toads, Bufo cognatus and Scaphiopus couchii. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 12, 501 508.
    • (1964) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology , vol.12 , pp. 501-508
    • McClanahan Jr., L.1
  • 53
    • 0000804386 scopus 로고
    • Changes in body fluids of burrowed spadefoot toads as a function of soil water potential
    • McClanahan L Jr. (1972) Changes in body fluids of burrowed spadefoot toads as a function of soil water potential. Copeia, 1972, 209 216.
    • (1972) Copeia , vol.1972 , pp. 209-216
    • McClanahan Jr., L.1
  • 54
    • 33845537967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using the AMOVA framework to estimate a standardized genetic differentiation measure
    • Meirmans PG (2006) Using the AMOVA framework to estimate a standardized genetic differentiation measure. Evolution, 60, 2399 2402.
    • (2006) Evolution , vol.60 , pp. 2399-2402
    • Meirmans, P.G.1
  • 55
    • 23944517719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extreme isolation by distance in a montane frog Rana cascadae
    • Monsen KJ, Blouin MS (2004) Extreme isolation by distance in a montane frog Rana cascadae. Conservation Genetics, 5, 827 835.
    • (2004) Conservation Genetics , vol.5 , pp. 827-835
    • Monsen, K.J.1    Blouin, M.S.2
  • 56
    • 0023468564 scopus 로고
    • Effects of density and predation on Scaphiopus couchii tadpoles in desert ponds
    • Newman RA (1987) Effects of density and predation on Scaphiopus couchii tadpoles in desert ponds. Oecologia, 71, 301 307.
    • (1987) Oecologia , vol.71 , pp. 301-307
    • Newman, R.A.1
  • 57
    • 0034999782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microsatellite variation and fine-scale population structure in the wood frog (Rana sylvatica)
    • Newman RA, Squire T (2001) Microsatellite variation and fine-scale population structure in the wood frog (Rana sylvatica). Molecular Ecology, 10, 1087 1100.
    • (2001) Molecular Ecology , vol.10 , pp. 1087-1100
    • Newman, R.A.1    Squire, T.2
  • 58
    • 0027329717 scopus 로고
    • The influence of mating system and overlapping generations on effective population size
    • Nunney L (1993) The influence of mating system and overlapping generations on effective population size. Evolution, 47, 1329 1341.
    • (1993) Evolution , vol.47 , pp. 1329-1341
    • Nunney, L.1
  • 59
    • 33745917438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic structure in northeastern populations of the Alpine newt (Triturus alpestris): Evidence for post-Pleistocene differentiation
    • Pabijan M, Babik W (2006) Genetic structure in northeastern populations of the Alpine newt (Triturus alpestris): evidence for post-Pleistocene differentiation. Molecular Ecology, 15, 2397 2407.
    • (2006) Molecular Ecology , vol.15 , pp. 2397-2407
    • Pabijan, M.1    Babik, W.2
  • 60
    • 4344618567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High degree of population subdivision in a widespread amphibian
    • Palo JU, Schmeller DS, Laurila A et al. (2004) High degree of population subdivision in a widespread amphibian. Molecular Ecology, 13, 2631 2644.
    • (2004) Molecular Ecology , vol.13 , pp. 2631-2644
    • Palo, J.U.1    Schmeller, D.S.2    Laurila, A.3
  • 61
    • 33644871292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genalex 6: Genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research
    • Peakall R, Smouse PE (2006) genalex 6: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research. Molecular Ecology Notes, 6, 288 295.
    • (2006) Molecular Ecology Notes , vol.6 , pp. 288-295
    • Peakall, R.1    Smouse, P.E.2
  • 62
    • 0038649971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial autocorrelation analysis offers new insights into gene flow in the Australian Bush Rat, Rattus fuscipes
    • Peakall R, Ruibal M, Lindenmayer DB (2003) Spatial autocorrelation analysis offers new insights into gene flow in the Australian Bush Rat, Rattus fuscipes. Evolution, 57, 1182 1195.
    • (2003) Evolution , vol.57 , pp. 1182-1195
    • Peakall, R.1    Ruibal, M.2    Lindenmayer, D.B.3
  • 64
    • 0034118493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data
    • Pritchard JK, Stephens M, Donnelly P (2000) Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics, 155, 945 959.
    • (2000) Genetics , vol.155 , pp. 945-959
    • Pritchard, J.K.1    Stephens, M.2    Donnelly, P.3
  • 65
    • 58249098497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population structure of spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) in a fragmented landscape
    • Purrenhage JL, Niewiarowski PH, Moore FB-G (2009) Population structure of spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) in a fragmented landscape. Molecular Ecology, 18, 235 247.
    • (2009) Molecular Ecology , vol.18 , pp. 235-247
    • Purrenhage, J.L.1    Niewiarowski, P.H.2    Fb-G, M.3
  • 66
    • 0000767877 scopus 로고
    • Estimating relatedness using genetic markers
    • Queller DC, Goodnight KF (1989) Estimating relatedness using genetic markers. Evolution, 43, 258 275.
    • (1989) Evolution , vol.43 , pp. 258-275
    • Queller, D.C.1    Goodnight, K.F.2
  • 67
    • 1842607847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R Development Core Team. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria. Available from
    • R Development Core Team (2009) r: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. Available from http://www.R-project.org.
    • (2009) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing.
  • 68
    • 0000262278 scopus 로고
    • Genepop (Version 1.2) - Population-genetics software for exact tests and ecumenicism
    • Raymond M, Rousset F (1995) genepop (Version 1.2) - population-genetics software for exact tests and ecumenicism. Journal of Heredity, 86, 248 249.
    • (1995) Journal of Heredity , vol.86 , pp. 248-249
    • Raymond, M.1    Rousset, F.2
  • 69
    • 42049108849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of range expansion in two species undergoing character displacement: Why might invaders generally 'win' during character displacement?
    • Rice AM, Pfennig DW (2008) Analysis of range expansion in two species undergoing character displacement: why might invaders generally 'win' during character displacement? Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 21, 696 704.
    • (2008) Journal of Evolutionary Biology , vol.21 , pp. 696-704
    • Rice, A.M.1    Pfennig, D.W.2
  • 71
    • 0002000983 scopus 로고
    • A skeletochronological assessment of fossil and recent Bufo cognatus from south-central Colorado
    • Rogers KL, Harvey L (1994) A skeletochronological assessment of fossil and recent Bufo cognatus from south-central Colorado. Journal of Herpetology, 28, 133 140.
    • (1994) Journal of Herpetology , vol.28 , pp. 133-140
    • Rogers, K.L.1    Harvey, L.2
  • 72
    • 37749035964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How does it feel to be like a rolling stone? Ten questions about dispersal evolution
    • Ronce O (2007) How does it feel to be like a rolling stone? Ten questions about dispersal evolution. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 38, 231 253.
    • (2007) Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics , vol.38 , pp. 231-253
    • Ronce, O.1
  • 73
    • 0030888985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic differentiation and estimation of gene flow from F-statistics under isolation by distance
    • Rousset F (1997) Genetic differentiation and estimation of gene flow from F-statistics under isolation by distance. Genetics, 145, 1219 1228.
    • (1997) Genetics , vol.145 , pp. 1219-1228
    • Rousset, F.1
  • 74
    • 33846909822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining population boundaries: Use of three Bayesian approaches with microsatellite data from British natterjack toads (Bufo calamita)
    • Rowe G, Beebee TJC (2007) Defining population boundaries: use of three Bayesian approaches with microsatellite data from British natterjack toads (Bufo calamita). Molecular Ecology, 16, 785 796.
    • (2007) Molecular Ecology , vol.16 , pp. 785-796
    • Rowe, G.1    Beebee, T.J.C.2
  • 75
    • 0034018185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A microsatellite analysis of natterjack toad, Bufo calamita, metapopulations
    • Rowe G, Beebee TJC, Burke T (2000) A microsatellite analysis of natterjack toad, Bufo calamita, metapopulations. Oikos, 88, 641 651.
    • (2000) Oikos , vol.88 , pp. 641-651
    • Rowe, G.1    Beebee, T.J.C.2    Burke, T.3
  • 76
    • 0000306984 scopus 로고
    • The terrestrial ecology of the spadefoot toad Scaphiopus hammondii
    • Ruibal R, Tevis L Jr., Roig V (1969) The terrestrial ecology of the spadefoot toad Scaphiopus hammondii. Copeia, 1969, 571 584.
    • (1969) Copeia , vol.1969 , pp. 571-584
    • Ruibal, R.1    Tevis Jr., L.2    Roig, V.3
  • 77
    • 0028129117 scopus 로고
    • Comparative analysis of intra-and interpopulation genetic diversity in Bufo bufo, using allozyme, single-locus microsatellite, minisatellite, and multilocus minisatellite data
    • Scribner KT, Arntzen JW, Burke T (1994) Comparative analysis of intra-and interpopulation genetic diversity in Bufo bufo, using allozyme, single-locus microsatellite, minisatellite, and multilocus minisatellite data. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 11, 737 748.
    • (1994) Molecular Biology and Evolution , vol.11 , pp. 737-748
    • Scribner, K.T.1    Arntzen, J.W.2    Burke, T.3
  • 78
    • 52649159145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is life history a barrier to dispersal? Contrasting patterns of genetic differentiation along an oceanographically complex coast
    • Sherman CDH, Hunt A, Ayre DJ (2008) Is life history a barrier to dispersal? Contrasting patterns of genetic differentiation along an oceanographically complex coast. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 95, 106 116.
    • (2008) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , vol.95 , pp. 106-116
    • Sherman, C.D.H.1    Hunt, A.2    Ayre, D.J.3
  • 79
    • 0012488592 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the ecology and natural history of Anura, VII. Food and feeding habits of the common species of toads in Oklahoma
    • Smith CC, Bragg AN (1949) Observations on the ecology and natural history of Anura, VII. Food and feeding habits of the common species of toads in Oklahoma. Ecology, 30, 333 349.
    • (1949) Ecology , vol.30 , pp. 333-349
    • Smith, C.C.1    Bragg, A.N.2
  • 80
    • 21244477543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landscape genetics of the blotched tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum melanostictum)
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02573.x
    • Spear SF, Peterson CR, Matocq MD, Storfer A (2005) Landscape genetics of the blotched tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum melanostictum). Molecular Ecology, 14, 2553 2564. (Pubitemid 40886050)
    • (2005) Molecular Ecology , vol.14 , Issue.8 , pp. 2553-2564
    • Spear, S.F.1    Peterson, C.R.2    Matocq, M.D.3    Storfer, A.4
  • 82
    • 33847327947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Putting the 'landscape' in landscape genetics
    • Storfer A, Murphy MA, Evans JS et al. (2007) Putting the 'landscape' in landscape genetics. Heredity, 98, 128 142.
    • (2007) Heredity , vol.98 , pp. 128-142
    • Storfer, A.1    Murphy, M.A.2    Evans, J.S.3
  • 83
    • 0038496732 scopus 로고
    • Sexual selection and mating system variation in anuran amphibians of the Arizona-Sonoran Desert
    • Sullivan BK (1985) Sexual selection and mating system variation in anuran amphibians of the Arizona-Sonoran Desert. Great Basin Naturalist, 45, 688 696.
    • (1985) Great Basin Naturalist , vol.45 , pp. 688-696
    • Sullivan, B.K.1
  • 84
    • 0024874806 scopus 로고
    • Desert environments and the structure of anuran mating systems
    • Sullivan BK (1989) Desert environments and the structure of anuran mating systems. Journal of Arid Environments, 17, 175 183.
    • (1989) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.17 , pp. 175-183
    • Sullivan, B.K.1
  • 85
    • 0032751451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breeding activity, estimated age-structure, and growth in Sonoran Desert anurans
    • Sullivan BK, Fernandez PJ (1999) Breeding activity, estimated age-structure, and growth in Sonoran Desert anurans. Herpetologica, 55, 334 343.
    • (1999) Herpetologica , vol.55 , pp. 334-343
    • Sullivan, B.K.1    Fernandez, P.J.2
  • 86
    • 0033984154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic differentiation among Long-Toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum) populations
    • Tallmon DA, Funk WC, Dunlap WW, Allendorf FW (2000) Genetic differentiation among Long-Toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum) populations. Copeia, 2000, 27 35.
    • (2000) Copeia , vol.2000 , pp. 27-35
    • Tallmon, D.A.1    Funk, W.C.2    Dunlap, W.W.3    Allendorf, F.W.4
  • 87
    • 33745170357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catastrophic reproductive failure, terrestrial survival, and persistence of the Marbled Salamander
    • Taylor BE, Scott DE, Gibbons JW (2005) Catastrophic reproductive failure, terrestrial survival, and persistence of the Marbled Salamander. Conservation Biology, 20, 792 801.
    • (2005) Conservation Biology , vol.20 , pp. 792-801
    • Taylor, B.E.1    Scott, D.E.2    Gibbons, J.W.3
  • 88
    • 0029528395 scopus 로고
    • The population dynamics of a desert anuran, Scaphiopus couchii
    • Tinsley RC, Tocque K (1995) The population dynamics of a desert anuran, Scaphiopus couchii. Australian Journal of Ecology, 20, 376 384.
    • (1995) Australian Journal of Ecology , vol.20 , pp. 376-384
    • Tinsley, R.C.1    Tocque, K.2
  • 89
    • 0034862048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic similarity as a measure for connectivity between fragmented populations of the moor frog (Rana arvalis)
    • Vos CC, Antonisse-De Jong AG, Goedhart PW, Smulders MJM (2001) Genetic similarity as a measure for connectivity between fragmented populations of the moor frog (Rana arvalis). Heredity, 86, 598 608.
    • (2001) Heredity , vol.86 , pp. 598-608
    • Vos, C.C.1    Antonisse-De Jong, A.G.2    Goedhart, P.W.3    Smulders, M.J.M.4
  • 90
    • 33645859299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is a population? An empirical evaluation of some genetic methods for identifying the number of gene pools and their degree of connectivity
    • Waples RS, Gaggiotti O (2006) What is a population? An empirical evaluation of some genetic methods for identifying the number of gene pools and their degree of connectivity. Molecular Ecology, 15, 1419 1439.
    • (2006) Molecular Ecology , vol.15 , pp. 1419-1439
    • Waples, R.S.1    Gaggiotti, O.2
  • 91
    • 0021566877 scopus 로고
    • Estimating F-statistics for the analysis of population structure
    • Weir BS, Cockerham CC (1984) Estimating F-statistics for the analysis of population structure. Evolution, 38, 1358 1370.
    • (1984) Evolution , vol.38 , pp. 1358-1370
    • Weir, B.S.1    Cockerham, C.C.2
  • 92
    • 0017662598 scopus 로고
    • The social behaviour of anuran amphibians
    • Wells KD (1977) The social behaviour of anuran amphibians. Animal Behaviour, 25, 666 693.
    • (1977) Animal Behaviour , vol.25 , pp. 666-693
    • Wells, K.D.1
  • 93
    • 0002366421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The landscape context of dispersal
    • In. eds. Clobert, J. Danchin, E. Dhondt, A.A. Nichols, J.D. pp. Oxford University Press. Oxford.
    • Wiens JA (2001) The landscape context of dispersal. In : Dispersal (eds Clobert J, Danchin E, Dhondt AA, Nichols JD pp. 96 109. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
    • (2001) Dispersal , pp. 96-109
    • Wiens, J.A.1
  • 94
    • 0020947289 scopus 로고
    • Predator-prey interactions and breeding-pond use of temporary-pond species in a desert anuran community
    • Woodward BD (1983) Predator-prey interactions and breeding-pond use of temporary-pond species in a desert anuran community. Ecology, 64, 1549 1555.
    • (1983) Ecology , vol.64 , pp. 1549-1555
    • Woodward, B.D.1
  • 95
    • 0000582891 scopus 로고
    • The community ecology of desert anurans
    • In. ed. Polis, G.A. pp. University of Arizona Press. Tucson.
    • Woodward BD, Mitchell SL (1991) The community ecology of desert anurans. In : The Ecology of Desert Communities (ed. Polis GA pp. 223 248. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
    • (1991) The Ecology of Desert Communities , pp. 223-248
    • Woodward, B.D.1    Mitchell, S.L.2
  • 96
    • 0001024012 scopus 로고
    • Isolation by distance
    • Wright S (1943) Isolation by distance. Genetics, 28, 114 138.
    • (1943) Genetics , vol.28 , pp. 114-138
    • Wright, S.1
  • 97
    • 68149148007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative reproductive tactics in amphibians
    • In. eds. Oliveira, R. Taborsky, M. Brockmann, J. pp. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.
    • Zamudio KR, Chan LM (2008) Alternative reproductive tactics in amphibians. In : Alternative Reproductive Tactics: An Integrative Approach (eds Oliveira R, Taborsky M, Brockmann J pp. 300 331. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (2008) Alternative Reproductive Tactics: An Integrative Approach , pp. 300-331
    • Zamudio, K.R.1    Chan, L.M.2
  • 98
    • 33846035842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fine-scale spatial genetic structure and dispersal among spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) breeding populations
    • Zamudio KR, Wieczorek AM (2007) Fine-scale spatial genetic structure and dispersal among spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) breeding populations. Molecular Ecology, 16, 257 274.
    • (2007) Molecular Ecology , vol.16 , pp. 257-274
    • Zamudio, K.R.1    Wieczorek, A.M.2
  • 99
    • 34548486683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersal ability and genetic structure in aquatic invertebrates: A comparative study in southern California streams and reservoirs
    • Zickovich JM, Bohonak AJ (2007) Dispersal ability and genetic structure in aquatic invertebrates: a comparative study in southern California streams and reservoirs. Freshwater Biology, 52, 1982 1996.
    • (2007) Freshwater Biology , vol.52 , pp. 1982-1996
    • Zickovich, J.M.1    Bohonak, A.J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.