메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 206, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 1057-1071

The activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) efficiently targets DNA in nucleosomes but only during transcription

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACTIVATION INDUCED CYTIDINE DEAMINASE; CYTIDINE; DNA;

EID: 66049129496     PISSN: 00221007     EISSN: 15409538     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1084/jem.20082678     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (46)

References (46)
  • 1
    • 33644636246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AID in somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination
    • DOI 10.1016/j.coi.2006.01.008, PII S0952791506000112, Lymphocyte Development / Tumor Immunology
    • Longerich, S., U. Basu, F. Alt, and U. Storb. 2006. AID in somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 18:164-174. (Pubitemid 43327298)
    • (2006) Current Opinion in Immunology , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 164-174
    • Longerich, S.1    Basu, U.2    Alt, F.3    Storb, U.4
  • 2
    • 0030063726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes is linked to transcription initiation
    • DOI 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80298-8
    • Peters, A., and U. Storb. 1996. Somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes is linked to transcription initiation. Immunity. 4:57-65. (Pubitemid 26054936)
    • (1996) Immunity , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-65
    • Peters, A.1    Storb, U.2
  • 5
    • 0037926476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processive AID-catalysed cytosine deamination on single-stranded DNA simulates somatic hypermutation
    • DOI 10.1038/nature01760
    • Pham, P., R. Bransteitter, J. Petruska, and M. Goodman. 2003. Processive AID-catalysed cytosine deamination on single-stranded DNA simulates somatic hypermutation. Nature. 424:103-107. (Pubitemid 36834850)
    • (2003) Nature , vol.424 , Issue.6944 , pp. 103-107
    • Pham, P.1    Bransteitter, R.2    Petruska, J.3    Goodman, M.F.4
  • 6
    • 10944223445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biochemical analysis of hypermutational targeting by wild type and mutant activation-induced cytidine deaminase
    • DOI 10.1074/jbc.M408135200
    • Bransteitter, R., P. Pham, P. Calabrese, and M.F. Goodman. 2004. Biochemical analysis of hypermutational targeting by wild type and mutant activation-induced cytidine deaminase. J. Biol. Chem. 279:51612-51621. (Pubitemid 40017912)
    • (2004) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.279 , Issue.49 , pp. 51612-51621
    • Bransteitter, R.1    Pham, P.2    Calabrese, P.3    Goodman, M.F.4
  • 7
    • 4344700569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Replication protein a interacts with AID to promote deamination of somatic hypermutation targets
    • DOI 10.1038/nature02821
    • Chaudhuri, J., C. Khuong, and F.W. Alt. 2004. Replication protein A interacts with AID to promote deamination of somatic hypermutation targets. Nature. 430:992-998. (Pubitemid 39128379)
    • (2004) Nature , vol.430 , Issue.7003 , pp. 992-998
    • Chaudhuri, J.1    Khuong, C.2    Alt, F.W.3
  • 8
    • 0037452080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcription-targeted DNA deamination by the AID antibody diversification enzyme
    • DOI 10.1038/nature01574
    • Chaudhuri, J., M. Tian, C. Khuong, K. Chua, E. Pinaud, and F. Alt. 2003. Transcription-targeted DNA deamination by the AID antibody diversification enzyme. Nature. 422:726-730. (Pubitemid 36514112)
    • (2003) Nature , vol.422 , Issue.6933 , pp. 726-730
    • Chaudhuri, J.1    Tian, M.2    Khuong, C.3    Chua, K.4    Pinaud, E.5    Alt, F.W.6
  • 9
    • 0038293484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcription enhances AID-mediated cytidine deamination by exposing single-stranded DNA on the nontemplate strand
    • DOI 10.1038/ni920
    • Ramiro, A.R., P. Stavropoulos, M. Jankovic, and M.C. Nussenzweig. 2003. Transcription enhances AID-mediated cytidine deamination by exposing single-stranded DNA on nontemplate strand. Nat. Immunol. 4:452-456. (Pubitemid 36603291)
    • (2003) Nature Immunology , vol.4 , Issue.5 , pp. 452-456
    • Ramiro, A.R.1    Stavropoulos, P.2    Jankovic, M.3    Nussenzweig, M.C.4
  • 10
    • 0037901850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human activation-induced cytidine deaminase causes transcription- dependent, strand-biased C to U deaminations
    • DOI 10.1093/nar/gkg464
    • Sohail, A., J. Klapacz, M. Samaranayake, A. Ullah, and A. Bhagwat. 2003. Human activation-induced cytidine deaminase causes transcription-dependent, strand-biased C to U deaminations. Nucleic Acids Res. 31:2990-2994. (Pubitemid 37441756)
    • (2003) Nucleic Acids Research , vol.31 , Issue.12 , pp. 2990-2994
    • Sohail, A.1    Klapacz, J.2    Samaranayake, M.3    Ullah, A.4    Bhagwat, A.S.5
  • 11
    • 28544447014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting of the activation-induced cytosine deaminase is strongly influenced by the sequence and structure of the targeted DNA
    • DOI 10.1128/MCB.25.24.10815-10821.2005
    • Shen, H.M., S. Ratnam, and U. Storb. 2005. Targeting of the activation-induced cytosine deaminase is strongly influenced by the sequence and structure of the targeted DNA. Mol. Cell. Biol. 25:10815-10821. (Pubitemid 41747126)
    • (2005) Molecular and Cellular Biology , vol.25 , Issue.24 , pp. 10815-10821
    • Shen, H.M.1    Ratnam, S.2    Storb, U.3
  • 13
    • 0037108463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunoglobulin isotype switching is inhibited and somatic hypermutation perturbed in UNG-deficient mice
    • DOI 10.1016/S0960-9822(02)01215-0, PII S0960982202012150
    • Rada, C., G. Williams, H. Nilsen, D. Barnes, T. Lindahl, and M. Neuberger. 2002. Immunoglobulin isotype switching is inhibited and somatic hypermutation perturbed in UNG-deficient mice. Curr. Biol. 12:1748-1755. (Pubitemid 35169790)
    • (2002) Current Biology , vol.12 , Issue.20 , pp. 1748-1755
    • Rada, C.1    Williams, G.T.2    Nilsen, H.3    Barnes, D.E.4    Lindahl, T.5    Neuberger, M.S.6
  • 14
    • 6344256944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mismatch recognition and uracil excision provide complementary paths to both Ig switching and the A/T-focused phase of somatic mutation
    • DOI 10.1016/j.molcel.2004.10.011, PII S1097276504006136
    • Rada, C., J. Di Noia, and M. Neuberger. 2004. Mismatch recognition and uracil-excision provide complementary paths to both immunoglobulin switching and the second (dA:dT-focussed) phase of somatic mutation. Mol. Cell. 16:163-171. (Pubitemid 39388832)
    • (2004) Molecular Cell , vol.16 , Issue.2 , pp. 163-171
    • Rada, C.1    Di Noia, J.M.2    Neuberger, M.S.3
  • 15
    • 33749519393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • -/- double-knockout mice
    • Shen, H.M., A. Tanaka, G. Bozek, D. Nicolae, and U. Storb. 2006. Somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination in Msh6(-/-) Ung(-/-) double-knockout mice. J. Immunol. 177:5386-5392. (Pubitemid 44527611)
    • (2006) Journal of Immunology , vol.177 , Issue.8 , pp. 5386-5392
    • Shen, H.M.1    Tanaka, A.2    Bozek, G.3    Nicolae, D.4    Storb, U.5
  • 17
    • 33749153628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nucleosome positions predicted through comparative genomics
    • DOI 10.1038/ng1878, PII NG1878
    • Ioshikhes, I.P., I. Albert, S.J. Zanton, and B.F. Pugh. 2006. Nucleosome positions predicted through comparative genomics. Nat. Genet. 38:1210-1215. (Pubitemid 44470369)
    • (2006) Nature Genetics , vol.38 , Issue.10 , pp. 1210-1215
    • Ioshikhes, I.P.1    Albert, I.2    Zanton, S.J.3    Pugh, B.F.4
  • 19
    • 33847070442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Role of Chromatin during Transcription
    • DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2007.01.015, PII S0092867407001092
    • Li, B., M. Carey, and J.L. Workman. 2007. The role of chromatin during transcription. Cell. 128:707-719. (Pubitemid 46273570)
    • (2007) Cell , vol.128 , Issue.4 , pp. 707-719
    • Li, B.1    Carey, M.2    Workman, J.L.3
  • 20
    • 1842411320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 Å resolution
    • DOI 10.1038/38444
    • Luger, K., A. Maeder, R. Richmond, D. Sargent, and T. Richmond. 1997. Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 A resolution. Nature. 389:251-260. (Pubitemid 27406632)
    • (1997) Nature , vol.389 , Issue.6648 , pp. 251-260
    • Luger, K.1    Mader, A.W.2    Richmond, R.K.3    Sargent, D.F.4    Richmond, T.J.5
  • 21
    • 0037992395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The structure of DNA in the nucleosome core
    • DOI 10.1038/nature01595
    • Richmond, T.J., and C.A. Davey. 2003. The structure of DNA in the nucleosome core. Nature. 423:145-150. (Pubitemid 36569532)
    • (2003) Nature , vol.423 , Issue.6936 , pp. 145-150
    • Richmond, T.J.1    Davey, C.A.2
  • 22
    • 0036169650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of sequence and structure on the hypermutability of immunoglobulin genes
    • DOI 10.1016/S1074-7613(02)00261-3
    • Michael, N., T.E. Martin, D. Nicolae, N. Kim, K. Padjen, P. Zhan, H. Nguyen, C. Pinkert, and U. Storb. 2002. Effects of sequence and structure on the hypermutability of immunoglobulin genes. Immunity. 16:123-134. (Pubitemid 34143222)
    • (2002) Immunity , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 123-134
    • Michael, N.1    Martin, T.E.2    Nicolae, D.3    Kim, N.4    Padjen, K.5    Zhan, P.6    Nguyen, H.7    Pinkert, C.8    Storb, U.9
  • 23
    • 0028125606 scopus 로고
    • Mapping the upstream boundary of somatic mutations in rearranged immunoglobulin transgenes and endogenous genes
    • DOI 10.1016/0161-5890(94)90081-7
    • Rogerson, B.J. 1994. Mapping the upstream boundary of somatic mutations in rearranged immunoglobulin transgenes and endogenous genes. Mol. Immunol. 31:83-98. (Pubitemid 24065011)
    • (1994) Molecular Immunology , vol.31 , Issue.2 , pp. 83-98
    • Rogerson, B.J.1
  • 24
  • 25
    • 27944493275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The very 5′ end and the constant region of Ig genes are spared from somatic mutation because AID does not access these regions
    • DOI 10.1084/jem.20051604
    • Longerich, S., A. Tanaka, G. Bozek, and U. Storb. 2005. The very 5′ end and the constant region of Ig genes are spared from somatic mutation because AID does not access these regions. J. Exp. Med. 202:1443-1454. (Pubitemid 41668746)
    • (2005) Journal of Experimental Medicine , vol.202 , Issue.10 , pp. 1443-1454
    • Longerich, S.1    Tanaka, A.2    Bozek, G.3    Nicolae, D.4    Storb, U.5
  • 26
    • 44149119036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous access to DNA target sites in folded chromatin fibers
    • Poirier, M.G., M. Bussiek, J. Langowski, and J. Widom. 2008. Spontaneous access to DNA target sites in folded chromatin fibers. J. Mol. Biol. 379:772-786.
    • (2008) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.379 , pp. 772-786
    • Poirier, M.G.1    Bussiek, M.2    Langowski, J.3    Widom, J.4
  • 27
    • 0029745401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Escherichia coli translation initiation factor 3 discriminates the initiation codon in vivo
    • Sussman, J.K., E.L. Simons, and R.W. Simons. 1996. Escherichia coli translation initiation factor 3 discriminates the initiation codon in vivo. Mol. Microbiol. 21:347-360. (Pubitemid 26291540)
    • (1996) Molecular Microbiology , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 347-360
    • Sussman, J.K.1    Simons, E.L.2    Simons, R.W.3
  • 28
    • 33745611532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An mRNA sequence derived from a programmed frameshifting signal decreases codon discrimination during translation initiation
    • DOI 10.1261/rna.13306
    • Raman, A., C. Guarraia, D. Taliaferro, G. Stahl, and P.J. Farabaugh. 2006. An mRNA sequence derived from a programmed frameshifting signal decreases codon discrimination during translation initiation. RNA. 12:1154-1160. (Pubitemid 43990540)
    • (2006) RNA , vol.12 , Issue.7 , pp. 1154-1160
    • Raman, A.1    Guarraia, C.2    Taliaferro, D.3    Stahl, G.4    Farabaugh, P.J.5
  • 29
    • 0023433855 scopus 로고
    • Supercoiling of the DNA template during transcription
    • Liu, L.F., and J. Wang. 1987. Supercoiling of the DNA template during transcription. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 84:7024-7027.
    • (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.84 , pp. 7024-7027
    • Liu, L.F.1    Wang, J.2
  • 30
    • 0032239155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessibility of nucleosomal DNA to V(D)J cleavage is modulated by RSS positioning and HMG1
    • Kwon, J., A. Imbalzano, A. Matthews, and M. Oettinger. 1998. Accessibility of nucleosomal DNA to V(D)J cleavage is modulated by RSS positioning and HMG1. Mol. Cell. 2:829-839. (Pubitemid 128378990)
    • (1998) Molecular Cell , vol.2 , Issue.6 , pp. 829-839
    • Kwon, J.1    Imbalzano, A.N.2    Matthews, A.3    Oettinger, M.A.4
  • 31
    • 0034598944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence and position-dependence of the equilibrium accessibility of nucleosomal DNA target sites
    • Anderson, J.D., and J. Widom. 2000. Sequence and position-dependence of the equilibrium accessibility of nucleosomal DNA target sites. J. Mol. Biol. 296:979-987.
    • (2000) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.296 , pp. 979-987
    • Anderson, J.D.1    Widom, J.2
  • 32
    • 0028791330 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of protein access to specific DNA sequences in chromatin: A dynamic equilibrium model for gene regulation
    • Polach, K.J., and J. Widom. 1995. Mechanism of protein access to specific DNA sequences in chromatin: a dynamic equilibrium model for gene regulation. J. Mol. Biol. 254:130-149.
    • (1995) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.254 , pp. 130-149
    • Polach, K.J.1    Widom, J.2
  • 33
    • 0031741231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistent interactions of core histone tails with nucleosomal DNA following acetylation and transcription factor binding
    • Mutskov, V., D. Gerber, D. Angelov, J. Ausio, J. Workman, and S. Dimitrov. 1998. Persistent interactions of core histone tails with nucleosomal DNA following acetylation and transcription factor binding. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18:6293-6304. (Pubitemid 28500520)
    • (1998) Molecular and Cellular Biology , vol.18 , Issue.11 , pp. 6293-6304
    • Mutskov, V.1    Gerber, D.2    Angelov, D.3    Ausio, J.4    Workman, J.5    Dimitrov, S.6
  • 34
    • 0028125847 scopus 로고
    • A histone octamer can step around a transcribing polymerase without leaving the template
    • DOI 10.1016/0092-8674(94)90343-3
    • Studitsky, V.M., D.J. Clark, and G. Felsenfeld. 1994. A histone octamer can step around a transcribing polymerase without leaving the template. Cell. 76:371-382. (Pubitemid 24046698)
    • (1994) Cell , vol.76 , Issue.2 , pp. 371-382
    • Studitsky, V.M.1    Clark, D.J.2    Felsenfeld, G.3
  • 35
    • 0036203807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nucleosome remodeling induced by RNA polymerase II: Loss of the H2A/H2B dimer during transcription
    • DOI 10.1016/S1097-2765(02)00472-0
    • Kireeva, M.L., W. Walter, V. Tchernajenko, V. Bondarenko, M. Kashlev, and V.M. Studitsky. 2002. Nucleosome remodeling induced by RNA polymerase II: loss of the H2A/H2B dimer during transcription. Mol. Cell. 9:541-552. (Pubitemid 34273785)
    • (2002) Molecular Cell , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 541-552
    • Kireeva, M.L.1    Walter, W.2    Tchernajenko, V.3    Bondarenko, V.4    Kashlev, M.5    Studitsky, V.M.6
  • 36
    • 33646141366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asf1 mediates histone eviction and deposition during elongation by RNA polymerase II
    • Schwabish, M.A., and K. Struhl. 2006. Asf1 mediates histone eviction and deposition during elongation by RNA polymerase II. Mol. Cell. 22:415-422.
    • (2006) Mol. Cell. , vol.22 , pp. 415-422
    • Schwabish, M.A.1    Struhl, K.2
  • 37
    • 33845730352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AID associates with single-stranded DNA with high affinity and a long complex half-life in a sequence-independent manner
    • DOI 10.1128/MCB.00824-06
    • Larijani, M., A.P. Petrov, O. Kolenchenko, M. Berru, S.N. Krylov, and A. Martin. 2007. AID associates with single-stranded DNA with high affinity and a long complex half-life in a sequence-independent manner. Mol. Cell. Biol. 27:20-30. (Pubitemid 46013229)
    • (2007) Molecular and Cellular Biology , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 20-30
    • Larijani, M.1    Petrov, A.P.2    Kolenchenko, O.3    Berru, M.4    Krylov, S.N.5    Martin, A.6
  • 38
    • 36649006227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation-induced deaminase, AID, is catalytically active as a monomer on single-stranded DNA
    • DOI 10.1016/j.dnarep.2007.08.002, PII S1568786407002935
    • Brar, S.S., E.J. Sacho, I. Tessmer, D.L. Croteau, D.A. Erie, and M. Diaz. 2008. Activation-induced deaminase, AID, is catalytically active as a monomer on single-stranded DNA. DNA Repair (Amst.). 7:77-87. (Pubitemid 350193289)
    • (2008) DNA Repair , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 77-87
    • Brar, S.S.1    Sacho, E.J.2    Tessmer, I.3    Croteau, D.L.4    Erie, D.A.5    Diaz, M.6
  • 39
    • 34247595465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA deaminases AID and APOBEC3G act processively on single-stranded DNA
    • DOI 10.1016/j.dnarep.2007.01.001, PII S156878640700002X
    • Pham, P., L. Chelico, and M.F. Goodman. 2007. DNA deaminases AID and APOBEC3G act processively on single-stranded DNA. DNA Repair (Amst.). 6:689-692. (Pubitemid 46670086)
    • (2007) DNA Repair , vol.6 , Issue.6 , pp. 689-692
    • Pham, P.1    Chelico, L.2    Goodman, M.F.3
  • 40
    • 47749085064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of phosphorylation and phosphorylation-null mutants on the activity and deamination specificity of activation-induced cytidine deaminase
    • Pham, P., M.B. Smolka, P. Calabrese, A. Landolph, K. Zhang, H. Zhou, and M.F. Goodman. 2008. Impact of phosphorylation and phosphorylation-null mutants on the activity and deamination specificity of activation-induced cytidine deaminase. J. Biol. Chem. 283:17428-17439.
    • (2008) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.283 , pp. 17428-17439
    • Pham, P.1    Smolka, M.B.2    Calabrese, P.3    Landolph, A.4    Zhang, K.5    Zhou, H.6    Goodman, M.F.7
  • 41
    • 0039837085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence motifs and free energies of selected natural and non-natural nucleosome positioning DNA sequences
    • DOI 10.1006/jmbi.1999.2686
    • Thastrom, A., P.T. Lowary, H.R. Widlund, H. Cao, M. Kubista, and J. Widom. 1999. Sequence motifs and free energies of selected natural and non-natural nucleosome positioning DNA sequences. J. Mol. Biol. 288:213-229. (Pubitemid 29209873)
    • (1999) Journal of Molecular Biology , vol.288 , Issue.2 , pp. 213-229
    • Thastrom, A.1    Lowary, P.T.2    Widlund, H.R.3    Cao, H.4    Kubista, M.5    Widom, J.6
  • 42
    • 26844511498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histone variant H2A.Z Marks the 5′ ends of both active and inactive genes in euchromatin
    • DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2005.10.002, PII S0092867405010251
    • Raisner, R.M., P.D. Hartley, M.D. Meneghini, M.Z. Bao, C.L. Liu, S.L. Schreiber, O.J. Rando, and H.D. Madhani. 2005. Histone variant H2A.Z marks the 5′ ends of both active and inactive genes in euchromatin. Cell. 123:233-248. (Pubitemid 41457214)
    • (2005) Cell , vol.123 , Issue.2 , pp. 233-248
    • Raisner, R.M.1    Hartley, P.D.2    Meneghini, M.D.3    Bao, M.Z.4    Liu, C.L.5    Schreiber, S.L.6    Rando, O.J.7    Madhani, H.D.8
  • 44
    • 1642290007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of histone-DNA interaction free energy in nucleosomes
    • DOI 10.1016/j.ymeth.2003.10.018, PII S1046202303002925
    • Thastrom, A., P.T. Lowary, and J. Widom. 2004. Measurement of histone-DNA interaction free energy in nucleosomes. Methods. 33:33-44. (Pubitemid 38369089)
    • (2004) Methods , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 33-44
    • Thastrom, A.1    Lowary, P.T.2    Widom, J.3
  • 45
    • 0027220943 scopus 로고
    • Lifetime of the histone octamer studied by continuous-flow quasielastic light scattering: Test of a model for nucleosome transcription
    • Feng, H.P., D.S. Scherl, and J. Widom. 1993. Lifetime of the histone octamer studied by continuous-flow quasielastic light scattering: test of a model for nucleosome transcription. Biochemistry. 32:7824-7831. (Pubitemid 23240830)
    • (1993) Biochemistry , vol.32 , Issue.30 , pp. 7824-7831
    • Feng, H.-P.1    Scherl, D.S.2    Widom, J.3
  • 46
    • 0036956986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcription-dependent increase in multiple classes of base substitution mutations in Escherichia coli
    • DOI 10.1128/JB.184.24.6866-6872.2002
    • Klapacz, J., and A.S. Bhagwat. 2002. Transcription-dependent increase in multiple classes of base substitution mutations in Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 184:6866-6872. (Pubitemid 36356122)
    • (2002) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.184 , Issue.24 , pp. 6866-6872
    • Klapacz, J.1    Bhagwat, A.S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.