Phase-field simulations of Te-precipitate morphology and evolution kinetics in Te-rich CdTe crystals

Journal of Crystal Growth

Volumn 311, Issue 11, 2009, Pages 3184-3194

  Hu, Shenyang ^a   Henager Jr , Charles H ^a  

^a PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

A1. Growth kinetics; A1. Morphology; A1. Phase field model; A1. Te precipitate; B1. CdTe crystal

Indexed keywords

A1. GROWTH KINETICS; A1. MORPHOLOGY; A1. PHASE-FIELD MODEL; A1. TE PRECIPITATE; B1. CDTE CRYSTAL;

BIOACTIVITY; CADMIUM ALLOYS; CADMIUM COMPOUNDS; COOLING; CRYSTALS; DEFECTS; DISLOCATIONS (CRYSTALS); GRAIN BOUNDARIES; GROWTH KINETICS; HEAT TREATMENT; LATTICE MISMATCH; MORPHOLOGY; PHASE DIAGRAMS; PHASE EQUILIBRIA; POINT DEFECTS; PRECIPITATES; PRECIPITATION (CHEMICAL); RADIATION DETECTORS; THERMODYNAMICS; VACANCIES;

TELLURIUM COMPOUNDS;

EID: 65849096811     PISSN: 00220248     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2009.02.042     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Rudolph P. Fundamental-studies on Bridgman growth of CdTe. Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials 29 1-4 (1994) 275-381
2. Nemirovsky Y., et al. Study of the charge collection efficiency of CdZnTe radiation detectors. Journal of Electronic Materials 25 8 (1996) 1221-1231
3. Sen S., et al. Reduction of CdZnTe substrate defects and relation to epitaxial HgCdTe quality. Journal of Electronic Materials 25 8 (1996) 1188-1195
4. Kennedy J.J., et al. Growth and Characterization of Cd1-Xznxte and Hg1-Yznyte. Journal of Crystal Growth 86 1-4 (1988) 93-99
5. Sen S., et al. Crystal-growth of large-area single-crystal CdTe and CdZnTe by the computer-controlled vertical modified-bridgman process. Journal of Crystal Growth 86 1-4 (1988) 111-117
6. Vydyanath H.R., et al. Recipe to minimize Te precipitation in CdTe and (Cd,Zn)Te Crystals. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B 10 4 (1992) 1476-1484
7. Rudolph P., et al. Distribution and genesis of inclusions in CdTe and (Cd,Zn)Te single-crystals grown by the Bridgman method and by the traveling heater method. Journal of Crystal Growth 147 3-4 (1995) 297-304
8. Rudolph P. Non-stoichiometry related defects at the melt growth of semiconductor compound crystals-a review. Crystal Research and Technology 38 7-8 (2003) 542-554
9. C.H. Henager, et al., Preferential orientation of Te particles in melt-grown CZT, Journal of crystal Growth, in press, doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2009.03.002.
10. Shin S.H., et al. Characterization of Te precipitates in CdTe crystals. Applied Physics Letters 43 1 (1983) 68-70
11. Zhu J., et al. The effect of Te precipitation on IR transmittance and crystalline quality of as-grown CdZnTe crystals. Infrared Physics & technology 40 5 (1999) 411-415
12. Magee T.J., Peng J., and Bean J. Microscopic defects and infrared-absorption in cadmium telluride. Physica Status Solidi a-Applied Research 27 2 (1975) 557-564
13. Guergouri K., Brihi N., and Triboulet R. Study of the effect of dislocations introduced by indentation on Cd(1 1 1) and Te(1̄ 1̄ 1̄) faces on the electrical and optical properties of CdTe. Journal of Crystal Growth 209 4 (2000) 709-715
14. Bolotnikov A.E., et al. Cumulative effects of Te precipitates in CdZnTe radiation detectors. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section a-Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment 571 3 (2007) 687-698
15. Jayatirtha H.N., et al. Study of tellurium precipitates in CdTe crystals. Applied Physics Letters 62 6 (1993) 573-575
16. Duffar T., et al. Bridgman growth without crucible contact using the dewetting phenomenon. Journal of Crystal Growth 211 1-4 (2000) 434-440
17. Chevalier N., et al. Dewetting application to CdTe single crystal growth on earth. Journal of Crystal Growth 261 4 (2004) 590-594
18. Duffar T., et al. Dewetting and structural quality of CdTe:Zn:V grown in space. Acta Astronautica 48 2-3 (2001) 157-161
19. Yoshioka Y., Yoda H., and Kasuga M. Homo-epitaxial growth of CdTe by sublimation under low-pressure. Journal of Crystal Growth 115 1-4 (1991) 705-710
20. Grasza K., et al. A novel method of crystal-growth by physical vapor transport and its application to CdTe. Journal of Crystal Growth 123 3-4 (1992) 519-528
21. Faurie J.P., et al. New development on the control of homoepitaxial and heteroepitaxial growth of CdTe and HgCdTe by MBE. Journal of Crystal Growth 111 1-4 (1991) 698-710
22. Fang R., and Brebrick R.F. CdTe 1: solidus curve and composition-temperature-tellurium partial pressure data for Te-rich CdTe(s) from optical density measurements. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 57 4 (1996) 443-450
23. Greenberg J.H. P-T-X phase equilibrium and vapor pressure scanning of non-stoichiometry in CdTe. Journal of Crystal Growth 161 1-4 (1996) 1-11
24. Yang J., et al. The thermodynamics and phase-diagrams of the Cd-Hg and Cd-Hg-Te systems. Calphad-Computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry 19 3 (1995) 415-430
25. Chen Q., et al. Phase equilibria, defect chemistry and semiconducting properties of CdTe(s)-Thermodynamic modeling. Journal of Electronic Materials 27 8 (1998) 961-971
26. Fochuk P., Grill R., and Panchuk O. The nature of point defects in CdTe. Journal of Electronic Materials 35 6 (2006) 1354-1359
27. Grill R., et al. Dynamics of point defects in tellurium-rich CdTe. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 54 4 (2007) 792-797
28. Grill R., et al. High-temperature defect structure of Cd- and Te-rich CdTe. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 49 3 (2002) 1270-1274
29. Martinez-Tomas C., and Munoz V. CdTe crystal growth process by the Bridgman method: numerical simulation. Journal of Crystal Growth 222 3 (2001) 435-451
30. Mandal K.C., et al. Component overpressure growth and characterization of high-resistivity CdTe crystals for radiation detectors. Journal of Electronic Materials 36 8 (2007) 1013-1020
31. Yadava R.D.S., Bagai R.K., and Borle W.N. Theory of Te precipitation and related effects in Cdte crystals. Journal of Electronic Materials 21 10 (1992) 1001-1016
32. Durose K., Russell G.J., and Woods J. Structural-properties of crystals of CdTe grown from the vapor-phase. Journal of Crystal Growth 72 1-2 (1985) 85-89
33. Lu Y.C., et al. A study of the defect structures in CdTe crystals using synchrotron X-ray topography. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A-Vacuum Surfaces and Films 4 4 (1986) 2190-2194
34. Wang T., Jie W.Q., and Zeng D.M. Observation of nano-scale Te precipitates in cadmium zinc telluride with HRTEM. Materials Science and Engineering A-Structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing 472 1-2 (2008) 227-230
35. Chen L.Q. Phase-field models for microstructure evolution. Annual Review of Materials Research 32 (2002) 113-140
36. Li Y.L., et al. Effect of electrical boundary conditions on ferroelectric domain structures in thin films. Applied Physics Letters 81 3 (2002) 427-429
37. Wang Y.Z., Chen L.Q., and Khachaturyan A.G. Shape evolution of a precipitate during strain-induced coarsening-a computer-simulation. Scripta Metallurgica Et Materialia 25 6 (1991) 1387-1392
38. Karma A., and Rappel W.J. Quantitative phase-field modeling of dendritic growth in two and three dimensions. Physical Review E 57 4 (1998) 4323-4349
39. Hu S.Y., and Chen L.Q. A phase-field model for evolving microstructures with strong elastic inhomogeneity. Acta Materialia 49 11 (2001) 1879-1890
40. Wang Y.U., et al. Phase field microelasticity theory and modeling of multiple dislocation dynamics. Applied Physics Letters 78 16 (2001) 2324-2326
41. Wang J.C., et al. Modeling the microstructural evolution of Ni-base superalloys by phase field method combined with CALPHAD and CVM. Computational Materials Science 39 4 (2007) 871-879
42. Mcskimin H.J., and Thomas D.G. Elastic moduli of cadmium telluride. Journal of Applied Physics 33 1 (1962) 56
43. Tsuchiya Y., and Seymour E.F.W. Thermodynamic properties of the selenium tellurium system. Journal of Physics C-Solid State Physics 15 22 (1982) L687-L695
44. Dalcorso A., Resta R., and Baroni S. Nonlinear piezoelectricity in CdTe. Physical Review B 47 24 (1993) 16252-16256
45. Caginalp G., and Fife P. Higher-order phase field models and detailed anisotropy. Physical Review B 34 7 (1986) 4940-4943
46. Cahn J.W., and Hilliard J.E. Free energy of a nonuniform system 1: interfacial free energy. Journal of Chemical Physics 28 2 (1958) 258-267
47. Cahn J.W., and Allen S.M. A microscopic theory for domain wall motion and its experimental verification in Fe-Al alloy domain growth kinetics. Journal de Physique 38 C7 (1977) 51-54
48. Chen L.Q., and Shen J. Applications of semi-implicit Fourier-spectral method to phase field equations. Computer Physics Communications 108 2-3 (1998) 147-158
49. Aoki K., Shimomura O., and Minomura S. Crystal-structure of the high-pressure phase of tellurium. Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 48 2 (1980) 551-556