Endothelial dysfunction in lacunar stroke: A systematic review

Cerebrovascular Diseases

Volumn 27, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 519-526

  Knottnerus, Iris L H ^a   Ten Cate, Hugo ^a,b   Lodder, Jan ^a,b   Kessels, Fons ^a   Van Oostenbrugge, Robert J ^a,b  

^a MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^b MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Cerebral small vessel disease; Endothelial dysfunction; Endothelium; Lacunar stroke; Vessel wall

Indexed keywords

CARBON DIOXIDE; CELL ADHESION MOLECULE; ENDOTHELIAL LEUKOCYTE ADHESION MOLECULE 1; HOMOCYSTEINE; PADGEM PROTEIN; THROMBOMODULIN; VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR;

BLOOD VESSEL TONE; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; BRAIN VENTRICLE; CELL ACTIVATION; CHECKLIST; EMBASE; ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; ENDOTHELIUM; FOLLOW UP; HEMOSTASIS; HUMAN; MEDICAL LITERATURE; MEDLINE; PATHOGENESIS; PHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; STROKE; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM; VASODILATATION; WHITE MATTER;

BRAIN INFARCTION; ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR; HEMOSTASIS; HOMOCYSTEINE; HUMANS; STROKE; VASODILATION;

EID: 64549160555     PISSN: 10159770     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000212672     Document Type: Review

References (58)

1. Bamford J, Sandercock P, Jones L, Warlow C: The natural history of lacunar infarction: the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project. Stroke 1987; 18:545-551.
2. Fisher CM: Lacunes: small, deep cerebral in-farcts. Neurology 1965;15:774-784.
3. Fisher CM: The arterial lesions underlying lacunes. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 1968; 12: 1-15.
4. Deanfield JE, Halcox JP, Rabelink TJ: Endo-thelial function and dysfunction: testing and clinical relevance. Circulation 2007; 115: 1285-1295.
5. Blann AD: Endothelial cell activation, injury, damage and dysfunction: separate entities or mutual terms? Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2000;11:623-630.
6. Lammie A: The role of oedema in lacune formation. Cerebrovasc Dis 1998;8:246.
7. Wardlaw JM: What causes lacunar stroke? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2005;76:617-619.
8. Wardlaw JM, Sandercock PA, Dennis MS, Starr J: Is breakdown of the blood-brain barrier responsible for lacunar stroke, leukoara-iosis, and dementia? Stroke 2003;34:806-812.
9. Chen PL, Wang PY, Sheu WH, Chen YT, Ho YP, Hu HH, Hsu HY: Changes of brachial flow-mediated vasodilation in different ischemic stroke subtypes. Neurology 2006; 67:1056-1058.
10. Gormley K, Bevan S, Hassan A, Markus HS: Polymorphisms in genes of the endothelin system and cerebral small-vessel disease. Stroke 2005;36:1656-1660.
11. Hassan A, Hunt BJ, O'Sullivan M, Bell R, D'Souza R, Jeffery S, Bamford JM, Markus HS: Homocysteine is a risk factor for cerebral small vessel disease, acting via endothelial dysfunction. Brain 2004; 127:212-219.
12. Jannes J, Hamilton-Bruce MA, Pilotto L, Smith BJ, Mullighan CG, Bardy PG, Koblar SA: Tissue plasminogen activator -7351c/t enhancer polymorphism is a risk factor for lacunar stroke. Stroke 2004;35:1090-1094.
13. Hassan A, Hunt BJ, O'Sullivan M, Parmar K, Bamford JM, Briley D, Brown MM, Thomas DJ, Markus HS: Markers of endothelial dysfunction in lacunar infarction and ischaemic leukoaraiosis. Brain 2003; 126:424-432.
14. Kozuka K, Kohriyama T, Nomura E, Ikeda J, Kajikawa H, Nakamura S: Endothelial markers and adhesion molecules in acute ischemic stroke - sequential change and differences in stroke subtype. Atherosclerosis 2002;161:161-168.
15. Yahashi Y, Kario K, Shimada K, Matsuo M: The 27-bp repeat polymorphism in intron 4 of the endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase gene and ischemic stroke in a Japanese population. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 1998; 9: 405-409.
16. Kario K, Matsuo T, Kobayashi H, Asada R, Matsuo M: 'Silent' cerebral infarction is associated with hypercoagulability, endothelial cell damage, and high Lp(a) levels in elderly Japanese. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1996; 16:734-741.
17. Pretnar-Oblak J, Sabovic M, Sebestjen M, Pogacnik T, Zaletel M: Influence of atorvas-tatin treatment on L-arginine cerebrovascular reactivity and flow-mediated dilatation in patients with lacunar infarctions. Stroke 2006;37:2540-2545.
18. Khan U, Hassan A, Vallance P, Markus HS: Asymmetric dimethylarginine in cerebral small vessel disease. Stroke 2007;38:411-413.
19. Hassan A, Gormley K, O'Sullivan M, Knight J, Sham P, Vallance P, Bamford J, Markus H: Endothelial nitric oxide gene haplotypes and risk of cerebral small-vessel disease. Stroke 2004;35:654-659.
20. Nomura E, Kohriyama T, Kozuka K, Kajikawa H, Nakamura S, Matsumoto M: Significance of serum soluble thrombomodulin level in acute cerebral infarction. Eur J Neurol 2004;11:329-334.
21. Kubo M, Hata J, Ninomiya T, Matsuda K, Yonemoto K, Nakano T, Matsushita T, Yamazaki K, Ohnishi Y, Saito S, Kitazono T, Ibayashi S, Sueishi K, Iida M, Nakamura Y, Kiyohara Y: A nonsynonymous SNP in PRKCH (protein kinase C eta) increases the risk of cerebral infarction. Nat Genet 2007;39:212-217.
22. Wardlaw JM, Farrall A, Armitage PA, Carpenter T, Chappell F, Doubal F, Chowdhury D, Cvoro V, Dennis MS: Changes in background blood-brain barrier integrity between lacunar and cortical ischemic stroke subtypes. Stroke 2008;39:1327-1332.
23. de Leeuw FE, van Huffelen A, Kappelle J: Cerebrovascular reactivity in patients with a recent lacunar infarction. J Neurol 2003;250: 232-233.
24. Hund-Georgiadis M, Zysset S, Naganawa S, Norris DG, Von Cramon DY: Determination of cerebrovascular reactivity by means of FMRI signal changes in cerebral microangi-opathy: a correlation with morphological abnormalities. Cerebrovasc Dis 2003; 16:158-165.
25. Molina C, Sabin JA, Montaner J, Rovira A, Abilleira S, Codina A: Impaired cerebrovas-cular reactivity as a risk marker for first-ever lacunar infarction: a case-control study. Stroke 1999;30:2296-2301.
26. Cupini LM, Diomedi M, Placidi F, Silvestrini M, Giacomini P: Cerebrovascular reactivity and subcortical infarctions. Arch Neurol 2001;58:577-581.
27. Pretnar-Oblak J, Zaletel M, Zvan B, Sabovic M, Pogacnik T: Cerebrovascular reactivity to L-arginine in patients with lacunar infarctions. Cerebrovasc Dis 2006;21:180-186.
28. Cherian P, Hankey GJ, Eikelboom JW, Thorn J, Baker RI, McQuillan A, Staton J, Yi Q: En-dothelial and platelet activation in acute ischemic stroke and its etiological subtypes. Stroke 2003;34:2132-2137.
29. Elbaz A, Poirier O, Moulin T, Chedru F, Cambien F, Amarenco P: Association between the Glu298Asp polymorphism in the endothelial constitutive nitric oxide syn-thase gene and brain infarction. The GENIC investigators. Stroke 2000;31:1634-1639.
30. Eikelboom JW, Hankey GJ, Anand SS, Lofthouse E, Staples N, Baker RI: Association between high homocyst(e)ine and ischemic stroke due to large- and small-artery disease but not other etiologic subtypes of ischemic stroke. Stroke 2000;31:1069-1075.
31. Nomura E, Kohriyama T, Kozuka K, Kajikawa H, Nakamura S: Sequential changes in von Willebrand factor and soluble thrombo-modulin in acute ischemic stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2001; 10:257-264.
32. Hou L, O sei-Hyiaman D, Yu H, Ren Z, Zhang Z, Wang B, Harada S: Association of a 27-bp repeat polymorphism in ecNOS gene with ischemic stroke in Chinese patients. Neurology 2001;56:490-496.
33. Markus HS, Ruigrok Y, Ali N, Powell JF: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase exon 7 polymorphism, ischemic cerebrovascular disease, and carotid atheroma. Stroke 1998;29: 1908-1911.
34. Catto AJ, Carter AM, Barrett JH, Bamford J, Rice PJ, Grant PJ: Von Willebrand factor and factor VIII: C in acute cerebrovascular disease. Relationship to stroke subtype and mortality. Thromb Haemost 1997;77:1104-1108.
35. Bath PM, Blann A, Smith N, Butterworth RJ: Von Willebrand factor, p-selectin and fi-brinogen levels in patients with acute isch-aemic and haemorrhagic stroke, and their relationship with stroke sub-type and functional outcome. Platelets 1998;9:155-159.
36. Maeda H, Matsumoto M, Handa N, Hougaku H, Ogawa S, Itoh T, Tsukamoto Y, Kamada T: Reactivity of cerebral blood flow to carbon dioxide in various types of ischemic cerebrovascular disease: evaluation by the transcranial Doppler method. Stroke 1993; 24:670-675.
37. Lavi S, Egbarya R, Lavi R, Jacob G: Role of nitric oxide in the regulation of cerebral blood flow in humans: chemoregulation versus mechanoregulation. Circulation 2003; 107:1901-1905.
38. 2 vasoreactivity: association with endothelial dysfunction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2006;291:H1856-H1861.
39. Mochizuki Y, Oishi M, Takasu T: Cerebral blood flow in single and multiple lacunar infarctions. Stroke 1997;28:1458-1460.
40. Lentz SR, Rodionov RN, Dayal S: Hyperho-mocysteinemia, endothelial dysfunction, and cardiovascular risk: the potential role of ADMA. Atheroscler Suppl 2003;4:61-65.
41. Spronk HM, Govers-Riemslag JW, ten Cate H: The blood coagulation system as a molecular machine. Bioessays 2003;25:1220-1228.
42. Vischer UM: Von Willebrand factor, endothelial dysfunction, and cardiovascular disease. J Thromb Haemost 2006;4:1186-1193.
43. Crawley JT, Lane DA: The haemostatic role of tissue factor pathway inhibitor. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008;28:233-242.
44. Ladenvall P, Wall U, Jern S, Jern C: Identification of eight novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms at human tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) locus: association with vascular t-PA release in vivo. Thromb Haemost 2000;84:150-155.
45. Springer TA: Adhesion receptors of the immune system. Nature 1990;346:425-434.
46. Carlos TM, Harlan JM: Leukocyte-endothe-lial adhesion molecules. Blood 1994; 84: 2068-2101.
47. Gearing AJ, Newman W: Circulating adhesion molecules in disease. Immunol Today 1993;14:506-512.
48. Woo KS, Chook P, Lolin YI, Cheung AS, Chan LT, Sun YY, Sanderson JE, Metreweli C, Celermajer DS: Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia is a risk factor for arterial endothelial dysfunction in humans. Circulation 1997;96: 2542-2544.
49. Adams HP Jr, Bendixen BH, Kappelle LJ, Biller J, Love BB, Gordon DL, Marsh EE 3rd: Classification of subtype of acute ischemic stroke. Definitions for use in a multicenter clinical trial. TOAST. Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment. Stroke 1993;24:35-41.
50. Bamford J, Sandercock P, Dennis M, Burn J, Warlow C: Classification and natural history of clinically identifiable subtypes of cerebral infarction. Lancet 1991;337:1521-1526.
51. Special report from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Classification of cerebrovascular diseases III. Stroke 1990;21:637-676.
52. Fisher CM: Capsular infarcts: the underlying vascular lesions. Arch Neurol 1979;36:65-73.
53. de Jong G, Kessels F, Lodder J: Two types of lacunar infarcts: further arguments from a study on prognosis. Stroke 2002;33:2072-2076.
54. Boiten J, Lodder J, Kessels F: Two clinically distinct lacunar infarct entities? A hypothesis. Stroke 1993;24:652-656.
55. Donnan GA, Norrving B, Bammer R, Bogousslavsky J: Classification of subcortical infarcts; in Donnan GA, Norrving B, Bamford J, Bogousslavsky J (eds): Subcortical Stroke. New York, Oxford University Press Inc, 2002, pp 27-34.
56. Fazekas F, Kleinert R, Offenbacher H, Schmidt R, Kleinert G, Payer F, Radner H, Lechner H: Pathologic correlates of incidental MRI white matter signal hyperintensities. Neurology 1993;43:1683-1689.
57. Jackson C, Sudlow C: Are lacunar strokes really different? A systematic review of differences in risk factor profiles between lacunar and nonlacunar infarcts. Stroke 2005; 36: 891-901.
58. Crawley J, Lupu F, Westmuckett AD, Severs NJ, Kakkar VV, Lupu C: Expression, localization, and activity of tissue factor pathway inhibitor in normal and atherosclerotic human vessels. Arterioscler Thromb Vase Biol 2000;20:1362-1373.