메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 219-232

Novel Medical Countermeasure for Organophosphorus Intoxication: Connection to Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 61349089693     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1201/9781420046625-16     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (7)

References (74)
  • 1
    • 3042688573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organophosphorus ester-induced chronic neurotoxicity
    • Abou-Donia, M.B., Organophosphorus ester-induced chronic neurotoxicity, Arch. Environ. Health, 58, 484, 2003.
    • (2003) Arch. Environ. Health , vol.58 , pp. 484
    • Abou-Donia, M.B.1
  • 2
    • 33748366780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effective countermeasure against poisoning by organophosphorus insecticides and nerve agents
    • Albuquerque, E.X. et al., Effective countermeasure against poisoning by organophosphorus insecticides and nerve agents, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 103, 13220, 2006.
    • (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A , vol.103 , pp. 13220
    • Albuquerque, E.X.1
  • 3
    • 0344688198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galantamine prevents apoptosis induced by beta-amyloid and thapsigargin: Involvement of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
    • Arias, E. et al., Galantamine prevents apoptosis induced by beta-amyloid and thapsigargin: involvement of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, Neuropharmacology, 46, 103, 2004.
    • (2004) Neuropharmacology , vol.46 , pp. 103
    • Arias, E.1
  • 4
    • 27744436607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unequal neuroprotection afforded by the acetylcholinesterase inhibitors galantamine, donepezil, and rivastigmine in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells: Role of nicotinic receptors
    • Arias, E. et al., Unequal neuroprotection afforded by the acetylcholinesterase inhibitors galantamine, donepezil, and rivastigmine in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells: role of nicotinic receptors, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 315, 1346, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther , vol.315 , pp. 1346
    • Arias, E.1
  • 5
    • 10044275708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organophosphates/nerve agent poisoning: Mechanism of action, diagnosis, prophylaxis, and treatment
    • Bajgar, J., Organophosphates/nerve agent poisoning: mechanism of action, diagnosis, prophylaxis, and treatment, Adv. Clin. Chem., 38, 151, 2004.
    • (2004) Adv. Clin. Chem , vol.38 , pp. 151
    • Bajgar, J.1
  • 6
    • 0037372867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurodegenerative diseases and exposure to pesticides in the elderly
    • Baldi, I. et al., Neurodegenerative diseases and exposure to pesticides in the elderly, Am. J. Epidemiol., 157, 409, 2003.
    • (2003) Am. J. Epidemiol , vol.157 , pp. 409
    • Baldi, I.1
  • 7
    • 27944463686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotection from soman-induced seizures in the rodent: Evaluation with diffusion- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging
    • Bhagat, Y.A. et al., Neuroprotection from soman-induced seizures in the rodent: evaluation with diffusion- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, Neurotoxicology, 26, 1001, 2005.
    • (2005) Neurotoxicology , vol.26 , pp. 1001
    • Bhagat, Y.A.1
  • 8
    • 33750530352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The acute treatment of nerve agent exposure
    • Cannard, K., The acute treatment of nerve agent exposure, J. Neurol. Sci., 249, 86, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Neurol. Sci , vol.249 , pp. 86
    • Cannard, K.1
  • 9
    • 0037125974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Giannotta, S., and Cattaneo, A., Nerve growth factor and galantamine ameliorate early signs of neurodegeneration in anti-nerve growth factor mice
    • Capsoni, S., Giannotta, S., and Cattaneo, A., Nerve growth factor and galantamine ameliorate early signs of neurodegeneration in anti-nerve growth factor mice, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 99, 12432, 2002.
    • (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A , vol.99 , pp. 12432
    • Capsoni, S.1
  • 10
    • 0034523749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobehavioral and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease: Characteristics and treatment
    • Chung, J.A. and Cummings, J.L., Neurobehavioral and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease: characteristics and treatment, Neurol. Clin., 18, 829, 2000.
    • (2000) Neurol. Clin , vol.18 , pp. 829
    • Chung, J.A.1    Cummings, J.L.2
  • 11
    • 0037436503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical trials. New rule triggers debate over best way to test drugs
    • Couzin, J., Clinical trials. New rule triggers debate over best way to test drugs, Science, 299, 1651, 2003.
    • (2003) Science , vol.299 , pp. 1651
    • Couzin, J.1
  • 12
    • 0035251762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galantamine, a cholinesterase inhibitor that allosterically modulates nicotinic receptors: Effects on the course of Alzheimer’s disease
    • Coyle, J. and Kershaw, P., Galantamine, a cholinesterase inhibitor that allosterically modulates nicotinic receptors: effects on the course of Alzheimer’s disease, Biol. Psychiatry, 49, 289, 2001.
    • (2001) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.49 , pp. 289
    • Coyle, J.1    Kershaw, P.2
  • 13
    • 0020686674 scopus 로고
    • Price, D.L., and DeLong M.R., Alzheimer’s disease: A disorder of cortical cholinergic innervation
    • Coyle, J.T., Price, D.L., and DeLong M.R., Alzheimer’s disease: a disorder of cortical cholinergic innervation, Science, 219, 1184, 1983.
    • (1983) Science , vol.219 , pp. 1184
    • Coyle, J.T.1
  • 14
    • 30444449970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene expression profiles of the rat brain both immediately and 3 months following acute sarin exposure
    • Damodaran, T.V. et al., Gene expression profiles of the rat brain both immediately and 3 months following acute sarin exposure, Biochem. Pharmacol., 71, 497, 2006.
    • (2006) Biochem. Pharmacol , vol.71 , pp. 497
    • Damodaran, T.V.1
  • 15
    • 0022637475 scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of physostigmine as a pretreatment drug for protection of rats from organophosphate poisoning
    • Deshpande, S.S. et al., Effectiveness of physostigmine as a pretreatment drug for protection of rats from organophosphate poisoning, Fundam. Appl. Toxicol., 6, 566, 1986.
    • (1986) Fundam. Appl. Toxicol , vol.6 , pp. 566
    • Deshpande, S.S.1
  • 16
    • 0344172143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Domestic terrorism with chemical or biological agents: Psychiatric aspects
    • DiGiovanni, C., Domestic terrorism with chemical or biological agents: psychiatric aspects, Am. J. Psychiatry, 156, 1500, 1999.
    • (1999) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.156 , pp. 1500
    • DiGiovanni, C.1
  • 17
    • 0034760772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for nonacetylcholinesterase targets of organophosphorus nerve agent: Supersensitivity of acetylcholinesterase knockout mouse to VX lethality
    • Duysen, E.G. et al., Evidence for nonacetylcholinesterase targets of organophosphorus nerve agent: supersensitivity of acetylcholinesterase knockout mouse to VX lethality, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 299, 528, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther , vol.299 , pp. 528
    • Duysen, E.G.1
  • 18
    • 0028104978 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of tacrine as a nerve agent pretreatment
    • Fricke, R.F. et al., Efficacy of tacrine as a nerve agent pretreatment, Drug Chem. Toxicol., 17, 15, 1994.
    • (1994) Drug Chem. Toxicol , vol.17 , pp. 15
    • Fricke, R.F.1
  • 19
    • 11444262026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indicators of neuroprotection with galantamine
    • Geerts, H., Indicators of neuroprotection with galantamine, Brain Res. Bull., 64, 519, 2005.
    • (2005) Brain Res. Bull , vol.64 , pp. 519
    • Geerts, H.1
  • 21
    • 33750705653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A century of Alzheimer’s disease
    • Goedert, M. and Spillantini, M.G., A century of Alzheimer’s disease, Science, 314, 777, 2006.
    • (2006) Science , vol.314 , pp. 777
    • Goedert, M.1    Spillantini, M.G.2
  • 22
    • 0028345360 scopus 로고
    • Huperzine A as a pretreatment candidate drug against nerve agent toxicity
    • Grunwald, J. et al., Huperzine A as a pretreatment candidate drug against nerve agent toxicity, Life Sci., 54, 991, 1994.
    • (1994) Life Sci , vol.54 , pp. 991
    • Grunwald, J.1
  • 23
    • 2342501400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galanthamine from snowdrop-the development of a modern drug against Alzheimer’s disease from local Caucasian knowledge
    • Heinrich, M. and Lee Teoh, H., Galanthamine from snowdrop-the development of a modern drug against Alzheimer’s disease from local Caucasian knowledge, J. Ethnopharmacol., 92, 147, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Ethnopharmacol , vol.92 , pp. 147
    • Heinrich, M.1    Teoh, L.H.2
  • 24
    • 0345434817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional distribution of nicotinic receptor subunit mRNAs in human brain: Comparison between Alzheimer and normal brain
    • Hellstrom-Lindahl, E. et al., Regional distribution of nicotinic receptor subunit mRNAs in human brain: comparison between Alzheimer and normal brain, Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res., 66, 94, 1999.
    • (1999) Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res , vol.66 , pp. 94
    • Hellstrom-Lindahl, E.1
  • 25
    • 0029010438 scopus 로고
    • Long-term neurotoxic effects of organophosphate compounds
    • Jamal, G.A., Long-term neurotoxic effects of organophosphate compounds, Adverse Drug React. Toxicol. Rev., 14, 85, 1995.
    • (1995) Adverse Drug React. Toxicol. Rev , vol.14 , pp. 85
    • Jamal, G.A.1
  • 26
    • 0031405189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurological syndromes of organophosphorus compounds
    • Jamal, G.A., Neurological syndromes of organophosphorus compounds, Adverse Drug React. Toxicol. Rev., 16, 133, 1997.
    • (1997) Adverse Drug React. Toxicol. Rev , vol.16 , pp. 133
    • Jamal, G.A.1
  • 27
    • 0242624684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobehavioral performance and work experience in Florida farmworkers
    • Kamel, F. et al., Neurobehavioral performance and work experience in Florida farmworkers, Environ. Health Perspect., 111, 1765, 2003.
    • (2003) Environ. Health Perspect , vol.111 , pp. 1765
    • Kamel, F.1
  • 28
    • 0024787541 scopus 로고
    • Organophosphorus insecticide poisoning
    • Karalliedde, L. and Senanayake, N., Organophosphorus insecticide poisoning, Br. J. Anaesth., 63, 736, 1989.
    • (1989) Br. J. Anaesth. , vol.63 , pp. 736
    • Karalliedde, L.1    Senanayake, N.2
  • 29
    • 8444226296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galantamine modulates nicotinic receptor and blocks Abeta-enhanced glutamate toxicity
    • Kihara, T. et al., Galantamine modulates nicotinic receptor and blocks Abeta-enhanced glutamate toxicity. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 325, 976, 2004.
    • (2004) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun , vol.325 , pp. 976
    • Kihara, T.1
  • 30
    • 78651195656 scopus 로고
    • Effect of Nivalin on audiogenic seizures in mice
    • Kilimov, N., Effect of Nivalin on audiogenic seizures in mice, Dokl. Bulg. Acad. Nauk., 18, 287, 1965.
    • (1965) Dokl. Bulg. Acad. Nauk , vol.18 , pp. 287
    • Kilimov, N.1
  • 31
    • 0036562617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of the value of huperzine as pretreatment of organophosphate poisoning
    • Lallement, G. et al., Review of the value of huperzine as pretreatment of organophosphate poisoning, Neurotoxicology, 23, 1, 2002a.
    • (2002) Neurotoxicology , vol.23 , pp. 1
    • Lallement, G.1
  • 32
    • 0035990680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subchronic administration of pyridostigmine or huperzine to primates: Compared efficacy against soman toxicity
    • Lallement, G. et al., Subchronic administration of pyridostigmine or huperzine to primates: compared efficacy against soman toxicity, Drug Chem. Toxicol., 25, 309, 2002b.
    • (2002) Drug Chem. Toxicol , vol.25 , pp. 309
    • Lallement, G.1
  • 33
    • 15844430579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacologic prophylaxis against nerve agent poisoning
    • Layish, I. et al., Pharmacologic prophylaxis against nerve agent poisoning, Isr. Med. Assoc. J., 7, 182, 2005.
    • (2005) Isr. Med. Assoc. J , vol.7 , pp. 182
    • Layish, I.1
  • 34
    • 31144450053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Greenberg, S.M., and Growdon, J.H., Current pharmacotherapy for Alzheimer’s disease
    • Lleo, A., Greenberg, S.M., and Growdon, J.H., Current pharmacotherapy for Alzheimer’s disease, Ann. Rev.Med., 57, 513, 2006.
    • (2006) Ann. Rev.Med , vol.57 , pp. 513
    • Lleo, A.1
  • 35
    • 16644389671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galantamine for Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment
    • Loy, C. and Schneider, L., Galantamine for Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment, Cochrane Database Syst. Rev., 1, CD001747, 2006.
    • (2006) Cochrane Database Syst. Rev , vol.1
    • Loy, C.1    Schneider, L.2
  • 36
    • 0002567031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New approach to drug therapy of Alzheimer’s dementia
    • Maelicke, A. and Albuquerque, E.X., New approach to drug therapy of Alzheimer’s dementia, Drugs Disc.Today, 1, 53, 1996.
    • (1996) Drugs Disc.Today , vol.1 , pp. 53
    • Maelicke, A.1    Albuquerque, E.X.2
  • 37
    • 0035251675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allosteric sensitization of nicotinic receptors by galantamine, a new treatment strategy for Alzheimer’s disease
    • Maelicke, A. et al., Allosteric sensitization of nicotinic receptors by galantamine, a new treatment strategy for Alzheimer’s disease, Biol. Psychiatry, 49, 279, 2001.
    • (2001) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.49 , pp. 279
    • Maelicke, A.1
  • 38
    • 17544378124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of diazepam in the treatment of nerve agent poisoning in a civilian population
    • Marrs, T.C., The role of diazepam in the treatment of nerve agent poisoning in a civilian population, Toxicol.Rev., 23, 145, 2004.
    • (2004) Toxicol.Rev , vol.23 , pp. 145
    • Marrs, T.C.1
  • 40
    • 0025870153 scopus 로고
    • The role of carboxylesterase in species variation of oxime protection against soman
    • Maxwell, D.M. and Brecht, K.M., The role of carboxylesterase in species variation of oxime protection against soman, Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev., 15, 135, 1991.
    • (1991) Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev , vol.15 , pp. 135
    • Maxwell, D.M.1    Brecht, K.M.2
  • 41
    • 0023754083 scopus 로고
    • Effect of carboxylesterase inhibition on carbamate protection against soman toxicity
    • Maxwell, D.M. et al., Effect of carboxylesterase inhibition on carbamate protection against soman toxicity, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 246, 986, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther , vol.246 , pp. 986
    • Maxwell, D.M.1
  • 42
    • 33751416601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholinesterase inhibition: Does it explain the toxicity of organophosphorus compounds?
    • press
    • Maxwell, D.M. et al., Acetylcholinesterase inhibition: does it explain the toxicity of organophosphorus compounds? Arch. Toxicol., in press, 2006.
    • (2006) Arch. Toxicol.
    • Maxwell, D.M.1
  • 43
    • 2342503277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nerve agents: Pathophysiology and treatment of poisoning
    • Newmark, J., Nerve agents: pathophysiology and treatment of poisoning, Semin. Neurol., 24, 185, 2004a.
    • (2004) Semin. Neurol , vol.24 , pp. 185
    • Newmark, J.1
  • 44
    • 2342509071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapy for nerve agent poisoning
    • Newmark, J., Therapy for nerve agent poisoning, Arch. Neurol., 61, 649, 2004b.
    • (2004) Arch. Neurol , vol.61 , pp. 649
    • Newmark, J.1
  • 45
    • 14744291253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nerve agents
    • Newmark, J., Nerve agents, Neurol. Clin., 23, 623, 2005.
    • (2005) Neurol. Clin , vol.23 , pp. 623
    • Newmark, J.1
  • 46
    • 33750960154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Craven-Thuss, B., and Smith, J., A prospective, open-label trial of galantamine in autistic disorder
    • Nicolson, R., Craven-Thuss, B., and Smith, J., A prospective, open-label trial of galantamine in autistic disorder, J. Child. Adolesc. Psychopharmacol., 16, 621, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Child. Adolesc. Psychopharmacol , vol.16 , pp. 621
    • Nicolson, R.1
  • 47
    • 0035251677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotinic receptor abnormalities of Alzheimer’s disease: Therapeutic implications
    • Nordberg, A., Nicotinic receptor abnormalities of Alzheimer’s disease: therapeutic implications, Biol.Psychiatry, 49, 200, 2001.
    • (2001) Biol.Psychiatry , vol.49 , pp. 200
    • Nordberg, A.1
  • 48
    • 0025808153 scopus 로고
    • Kuhlmann, J., and Maelicke, A., A second pathway of activation of the Torpedo acetylcholine receptor channel
    • Okonjo, K.O., Kuhlmann, J., and Maelicke, A., A second pathway of activation of the Torpedo acetylcholine receptor channel, Eur. J. Biochem., 200, 671, 1991.
    • (1991) Eur. J. Biochem , vol.200 , pp. 671
    • Okonjo, K.O.1
  • 49
    • 0035149931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galantamine: A new alzheimer drug with a past life
    • Pearson, V.E., Galantamine: a new alzheimer drug with a past life, Ann. Pharmacother., 35, 1406, 2001.
    • (2001) Ann. Pharmacother , vol.35 , pp. 1406
    • Pearson, V.E.1
  • 50
    • 0027432528 scopus 로고
    • Identification and functional characterization of a new agonist site on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of cultured hippocampal neurons
    • Pereira, E.F.R. et al., Identification and functional characterization of a new agonist site on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of cultured hippocampal neurons, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 265, 1474, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther , vol.265 , pp. 1474
    • Pereira, E.F.R.1
  • 51
    • 0027964304 scopus 로고
    • Physostigmine and galanthamine: Probes for a novel binding site on the a4b2 subtype of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors stably expressed in fibroblast cells
    • Pereira, E.F.R. et al., Physostigmine and galanthamine: probes for a novel binding site on the a4b2 subtype of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors stably expressed in fibroblast cells, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 270, 768, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther , vol.270 , pp. 768
    • Pereira, E.F.R.1
  • 52
    • 0036891169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unconventional ligands and modulators of nicotinic receptors
    • Pereira, E.F.R. et al., Unconventional ligands and modulators of nicotinic receptors, J. Neurobiol., 53, 479, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Neurobiol , vol.53 , pp. 479
    • Pereira, E.F.R.1
  • 53
    • 19244378105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotinic receptor subtypes in human brain ageing, Alzheimer and Lewy body diseases
    • Perry, E. et al., Nicotinic receptor subtypes in human brain ageing, Alzheimer and Lewy body diseases, Eur. J.Pharmacol., 393, 215, 2000.
    • (2000) Eur. J.Pharmacol , vol.393 , pp. 215
    • Perry, E.1
  • 54
    • 0020581401 scopus 로고
    • Homer’s moly identified as Galanthus nivalis L.: Physiologic antidote to stramonium poisoning
    • Plaitakis, A. and Duvoisin, R.C., Homer’s moly identified as Galanthus nivalis L.: physiologic antidote to stramonium poisoning, Clin. Neuropharmacol., 6, 1, 1983.
    • (1983) Clin. Neuropharmacol , vol.6 , pp. 1
    • Plaitakis, A.1    Duvoisin, R.C.2
  • 55
    • 0022654938 scopus 로고
    • Glenn, J.F., and Beers, E.T., Central respiratory effects versus neuromuscular actions of nerve agents
    • Rickett, D.L., Glenn, J.F., and Beers, E.T., Central respiratory effects versus neuromuscular actions of nerve agents, Neurotoxicology, 7, 225, 1986.
    • (1986) Neurotoxicology , vol.7 , pp. 225
    • Rickett, D.L.1
  • 56
    • 33750731675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 100 Years and counting: Prospects for defeating Alzheimer’s disease
    • Robertson, E.D. and Mucke, L., 100 Years and counting: prospects for defeating Alzheimer’s disease, Science, 314, 781, 2006.
    • (2006) Science , vol.314 , pp. 781
    • Robertson, E.D.1    Mucke, L.2
  • 57
    • 0034748654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation of nicotinic receptor binding with clinical and neuropathological changes in Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies
    • Sabbagh, M.N. et al., Correlation of nicotinic receptor binding with clinical and neuropathological changes in Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, J. Neural Transm., 108, 1149, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Neural Transm , vol.108 , pp. 1149
    • Sabbagh, M.N.1
  • 58
    • 0034569152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galantamine is an allosterically potentiating ligand of the human a4b2 nAChR
    • Samochocki, M. et al., Galantamine is an allosterically potentiating ligand of the human a4b2 nAChR, Acta Neurol. Scand. Suppl., 176, 68, 2000.
    • (2000) Acta Neurol. Scand. Suppl , vol.176 , pp. 68
    • Samochocki, M.1
  • 59
    • 0036232874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nicotinic allosteric potentiating ligand galantamine facilitates synaptic transmission in the mammalian central nervous system
    • Santos, M.D. et al., The nicotinic allosteric potentiating ligand galantamine facilitates synaptic transmission in the mammalian central nervous system, Mol. Pharmacol., 61, 1222, 2002.
    • (2002) Mol. Pharmacol , vol.61 , pp. 1222
    • Santos, M.D.1
  • 60
    • 0027171322 scopus 로고
    • Photoaffinity labeling of Torpedo acetylcholine receptor by physostigmine
    • Schrattenholz, A. et al., Photoaffinity labeling of Torpedo acetylcholine receptor by physostigmine, Eur. J.Biochem., 216, 671, 1993.
    • (1993) Eur. J.Biochem , vol.216 , pp. 671
    • Schrattenholz, A.1
  • 61
    • 0030023684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agonist responses of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are potentiated by a novel class of allosterically acting ligands
    • Schrattenholz, A. et al., Agonist responses of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are potentiated by a novel class of allosterically acting ligands, Mol. Pharmacol., 49, 1, 1996.
    • (1996) Mol. Pharmacol , vol.49 , pp. 1
    • Schrattenholz, A.1
  • 62
    • 0028246887 scopus 로고
    • Monoclonal antibodies FK1 and WF6 define two neighboring ligand binding sites on Torpedo acetylcholine receptor alpha-polypeptide
    • Schroder, B. et al., Monoclonal antibodies FK1 and WF6 define two neighboring ligand binding sites on Torpedo acetylcholine receptor alpha-polypeptide, J. Biol. Chem., 269, 10407, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Biol. Chem , vol.269 , pp. 10407
    • Schroder, B.1
  • 63
    • 85152833389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Young, K.A., and Hicks, P.B., Galantamine improves cognition in schizophrenic patients stabilized on risperidone
    • Schubert, M.H., Young, K.A., and Hicks, P.B., Galantamine improves cognition in schizophrenic patients stabilized on risperidone, Biol. Psychiatry, 50, 521, 2006.
    • (2006) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.50 , pp. 521
    • Schubert, M.H.1
  • 64
    • 20444433236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burton, E., and Minagar, A., Management of myasthenia gravis
    • Schwendimann, R.N., Burton, E., and Minagar, A., Management of myasthenia gravis, Am. J. Ther., 12, 262, 2005.
    • (2005) Am. J. Ther , vol.12 , pp. 262
    • Schwendimann, R.N.1
  • 65
    • 0022346587 scopus 로고
    • The reversible cholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine has channel-blocking and agonist effects on the acetylcholine receptor-ion channel complex
    • Shaw, K.P. et al., The reversible cholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine has channel-blocking and agonist effects on the acetylcholine receptor-ion channel complex, Mol. Pharmacol., 28, 527, 1985.
    • (1985) Mol. Pharmacol , vol.28 , pp. 527
    • Shaw, K.P.1
  • 66
    • 0021953939 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the actions of carbamate anticholinesterases on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
    • Sherby, S.M. et al., Comparison of the actions of carbamate anticholinesterases on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, Mol. Pharmacol., 27, 343, 1985.
    • (1985) Mol. Pharmacol , vol.27 , pp. 343
    • Sherby, S.M.1
  • 67
    • 0037446246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Duniho, S.M., and McDonough, J.H., Control of nerve agent-induced seizures is critical for neuroprotection and survival
    • Shih, T.M., Duniho, S.M., and McDonough, J.H., Control of nerve agent-induced seizures is critical for neuroprotection and survival, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 188, 69, 2003.
    • (2003) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol , vol.188 , pp. 69
    • Shih, T.M.1
  • 68
    • 0033815406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frackiewicz, E.J., and Cutler, N.R., Review of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor galanthamine
    • Sramek, J.J., Frackiewicz, E.J., and Cutler, N.R., Review of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor galanthamine, Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs, 9, 2393, 2000.
    • (2000) Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs , vol.9 , pp. 2393
    • Sramek, J.J.1
  • 69
    • 0028984453 scopus 로고
    • Physostigmine, galanthamine and codeine act as ʼnoncompetitive nicotinic receptor agonists’ on clonal rat pheochromocytoma cells
    • Storch, A. et al., Physostigmine, galanthamine and codeine act as ʼnoncompetitive nicotinic receptor agonists’ on clonal rat pheochromocytoma cells, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 290, 207, 1995.
    • (1995) Eur. J. Pharmacol , vol.290 , pp. 207
    • Storch, A.1
  • 70
    • 31344434531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prehospital management of sarin nerve gas terrorism in urban settings: 10 years of progress after the Tokyo subway sarin attack
    • Tokuda, Y. et al., Prehospital management of sarin nerve gas terrorism in urban settings: 10 years of progress after the Tokyo subway sarin attack, Resuscitation, 68, 193, 2006.
    • (2006) Resuscitation , vol.68 , pp. 193
    • Tokuda, Y.1
  • 71
    • 0032971370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits in the cerebral cortex in Alzheimer’s disease: Histotopographical correlation with amyloid plaques and hyperphosphorylated-tau protein
    • Wevers, A. et al., Expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits in the cerebral cortex in Alzheimer’s disease: histotopographical correlation with amyloid plaques and hyperphosphorylated-tau protein, Eur.J. Neurosci., 11, 2551, 1999.
    • (1999) Eur.J. Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 2551
    • Wevers, A.1
  • 72
    • 2342435029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nerve agents: A comprehensive review
    • Wiener, S.W. and Hoffman, R.S., Nerve agents: a comprehensive review, J. Int. Care Med., 19, 22, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Int. Care Med. , vol.19 , pp. 22
    • Wiener, S.W.1    Hoffman, R.S.2
  • 73
    • 33750511285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morita, H., and Nakajima, T., Sarin experiences in Japan: Acute toxicity and long-term effects
    • Yanagisawa, N., Morita, H., and Nakajima, T., Sarin experiences in Japan: acute toxicity and long-term effects, J. Neurol. Sci., 249, 76, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Neurol. Sci , vol.249 , pp. 76
    • Yanagisawa, N.1
  • 74
    • 0030466176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coggan, J.S., and Berg, D.K., Synaptic currents generated by neuronal acetylcholine receptors sensitive to a-bungarotoxin
    • Zhang, Z.W., Coggan, J.S., and Berg, D.K., Synaptic currents generated by neuronal acetylcholine receptors sensitive to a-bungarotoxin, Neuron, 17, 1231, 1996.
    • (1996) Neuron , vol.17 , pp. 1231
    • Zhang, Z.W.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.