Workup of the Cardiac Arrest Survivor. For the Symposium on Sudden Cardiac Death For Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases

Volumn 51, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 195-203

  Subbiah, Rajesh ^a   Gula, Lorne J ^a   Klein, George J ^a   Skanes, Allan C ^a   White, James ^a   Yee, Raymond ^a   Krahn, Andrew D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GADOLINIUM;

ANGIOCARDIOGRAPHY; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY MONITORING; EXERCISE TEST; HEART ARREST; HEART FUNCTION; HUMAN; MORTALITY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; QT PROLONGATION; SUDDEN DEATH; SURVIVOR;

ALGORITHMS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DEATH, SUDDEN, CARDIAC; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; EXERCISE TEST; HEART FUNCTION TESTS; HUMANS; LONG QT SYNDROME; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; ONTARIO; RECURRENCE; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; SURVIVORS;

EID: 56249094489     PISSN: 00330620     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2008.08.004     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Pratt C.M., Greenway P.S., Schoenfeld M.H., et al. Exploration of the precision of classifying sudden cardiac death. Implications for the interpretation of clinical trials. Circulation 93 (1996) 519-524
2. Hinkle Jr. L.E., and Thaler H.T. Clinical classification of cardiac deaths. Circulation 65 (1982) 457-464
3. Zheng Z.J., Croft J.B., Giles W.H., et al. Sudden cardiac death in the United States, 1989 to 1998. Circulation 104 (2001) 2158-2163
4. Myerburg R.J., Kessler K.M., and Castellanos A. Sudden cardiac death: epidemiology, transient risk, and intervention assessment. Ann Intern Med 119 (1993) 1187-1197
5. Gilman J.K., Jalal S., and Naccarelli G.V. Predicting and preventing sudden death from cardiac causes. Circulation 90 (1994) 1083-1092
6. Zipes D.P., and Wellens H.J. Sudden cardiac death. Circulation 98 (1998) 2334-2351
7. Myerburg R.J., Mitrani R., Interian Jr. A., et al. Interpretation of outcomes of antiarrhythmic clinical trials: design features and population impact. Circulation 97 (1998) 1514-1521
8. Huikuri H.V., Makikallio T.H., Raatikainen M.J., et al. Prediction of sudden cardiac death: appraisal of the studies and methods assessing the risk of sudden arrhythmic death. Circulation 108 (2003) 110-115
9. Huikuri H.V., Tapanainen J.M., Lindgren K., et al. Prediction of sudden cardiac death after myocardial infarction in the beta-blocking era. J Am Coll Cardiol 42 (2003) 652-658
10. Ciampricotti R., Taverne R., and El Gamal M. Clinical and angiographic observations on resuscitated victims of exercise-related sudden ischemic death. Am J Cardiol 68 (1991) 47-50
11. Albert C.M., Mittleman M.A., Chae C.U., et al. Triggering of sudden death from cardiac causes by vigorous exertion. N Engl J Med 343 (2000) 1355-1361
12. Mittleman M.A., Maclure M., Tofler G.H., et al. Triggering of acute myocardial infarction by heavy physical exertion. Protection against triggering by regular exertion. Determinants of Myocardial Infarction Onset Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 329 (1993) 1677-1683
13. Schwartz P.J., Zaza A., Locati E., et al. Stress and sudden death. The case of the long QT syndrome. Circulation 83 4 Suppl (1991) II71-II80
14. Schwartz P.J., Priori S.G., Spazzolini C., et al. Genotype-Phenotype correlation in the long-QT syndrome: gene-specific triggers for life-threatening arrhythmias. Circulation 103 (2001) 89-95
15. Keller D.I., Rougier J.S., Kucera J.P., et al. Brugada syndrome and fever: genetic and molecular characterization of patients carrying SCN5A mutations. Cardiovasc Res 67 (2005) 510-519
16. Walker B.D., Krahn A.D., Klein G.J., et al. Drug induced QT prolongation: lessons from congenital and acquired long QT syndromes. Curr Drug Targets Cardiovasc Haematol Disord 3 (2003) 327-335
17. Bazett H.C. An analysis of time relations of electrocardiograms. Heart 7 (1920) 353-370
18. Chauhan V.S., and Tang A.S. Dynamic changes of QT interval and QT dispersion in non-Q-wave and Q-wave myocardial infarction. J Electrocardiol 34 (2001) 109-117
19. Drory Y., Ouaknine G., Kosary I.Z., et al. Electrocardiographic findings in brain death; description and presumed mechanism. Chest 67 (1975) 425-432
20. Molnar J., Rosenthal J.E., Weiss J.S., et al. QT interval dispersion in healthy subjects and survivors of sudden cardiac death: circadian variation in a twenty-four-hour assessment. Am J Cardiol 79 (1997) 1190-1193
21. Mattu A., Brady W.J., and Perron A.D. Electrocardiographic manifestations of hypothermia. Am J Emerg Med 20 (2002) 314-326
22. Moss A.J., Zareba W., Kaufman E.S., et al. Increased risk of arrhythmic events in long-QT syndrome with mutations in the pore region of the human ether-a-go-go-related gene potassium channel. Circulation 105 (2002) 794-799
23. Goldenberg I., Moss A.J., Peterson D.R., et al. Risk factors for aborted cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death in children with the congenital long-QT syndrome. Circulation 117 (2008) 2184-2191
24. Goldenberg I., Moss A.J., Bradley J., et al. Long-QT syndrome after age 40. Circulation 117 (2008) 2192-2201
25. Schwartz P.J., and Wolf S. QT interval prolongation as predictor of sudden death in patients with myocardial infarction. Circulation 57 (1978) 1074-1077
26. Straus S.M., Kors J.A., De Bruin M.L., et al. Prolonged QTc interval and risk of sudden cardiac death in a population of older adults. J Am Coll Cardiol 47 (2006) 362-367
27. Gang Y., Ono T., Hnatkova K., et al. QT dispersion has no prognostic value in patients with symptomatic heart failure: an ELITE II substudy. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 26 1 Pt 2 (2003) 394-400
28. Padmanabhan S., Silvet H., Amin J., et al. Prognostic value of QT interval and QT dispersion in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction: results from a cohort of 2265 patients with an ejection fraction of < or = 40%. Am Heart J 145 (2003) 132-138
29. Krahn A.D., Nguyen-Ho P., Klein G.J., et al. QT dispersion: an electrocardiographic derivative of QT prolongation. Am Heart J 141 (2001) 111-116 [Record as supplied by publisher]
30. Schouten E.G., Dekker J.M., Meppelink P., et al. QT interval prolongation predicts cardiovascular mortality in an apparently healthy population. Circulation 84 (1991) 1516-1523
31. Dekker J.M., Schouten E.G., Klootwijk P., et al. Association between QT interval and coronary heart disease in middle-aged and elderly men. The Zutphen Study. Circulation 90 (1994) 779-785
32. Karjalainen J., Reunanen A., Ristola P., et al. QT interval as a cardiac risk factor in a middle aged population. Heart 77 (1997) 543-548
33. Bardy G.H., Lee K.L., Mark D.B., et al. Amiodarone or an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med 352 (2005) 225-237
34. Moss A.J., Zareba W., Hall W.J., et al. Prophylactic implantation of a defibrillator in patients with myocardial infarction and reduced ejection fraction. N Engl J Med 346 (2002) 877-883
35. Buxton A.E., Lee K.L., DiCarlo L., et al. Electrophysiologic testing to identify patients with coronary artery disease who are at risk for sudden death. Multicenter Unsustained Tachycardia Trial Investigators. N Engl J Med 342 (2000) 1937-1945
36. Moss A.J., Hall W.J., Cannom D.S., et al. Improved survival with an implanted defibrillator in patients with coronary disease at high risk for ventricular arrhythmia. Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial Investigators [see comments]. N Engl J Med 335 (1996) 1933-1940
37. Solomon S.D., Anavekar N., Skali H., et al. Influence of ejection fraction on cardiovascular outcomes in a broad spectrum of heart failure patients. Circulation 112 (2005) 3738-3744
38. Solomon S.D., Zelenkofske S., McMurray J.J., et al. Sudden death in patients with myocardial infarction and left ventricular dysfunction, heart failure, or both. N Engl J Med 352 (2005) 2581-2588
39. Kern K.B., Hilwig R.W., Rhee K.H., et al. Myocardial dysfunction after resuscitation from cardiac arrest: an example of global myocardial stunning. J Am Coll Cardiol 28 (1996) 232-240
40. Phillips M., Robinowitz M., Higgins J.R., et al. Sudden cardiac death in Air Force recruits. A 20-year review. JAMA 256 (1986) 2696-2699
41. Brembilla-Perrot B., Miljoen H., Houriez P., et al. Causes and prognosis of cardiac arrest in a population admitted to a general hospital; a diagnostic and therapeutic problem. Resuscitation 58 (2003) 319-327
42. Adams J.N., Denver M.A., and Rae A.P. Coronary artery spasm leading to life threatening arrhythmias. Heart 80 (1998) 89-90
43. MacAlpin R.N. Cardiac arrest and sudden unexpected death in variant angina: complications of coronary spasm that can occur in the absence of severe organic coronary stenosis. Am Heart J 125 (1993) 1011-1017
44. Chevalier P., Dacosta A., Defaye P., et al. Arrhythmic cardiac arrest due to isolated coronary artery spasm: long-term outcome of seven resuscitated patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 31 (1998) 57-61
45. Krahn A.D., Gollob M., Yee R., et al. Diagnosis of unexplained cardiac arrest: role of adrenaline and procainamide infusion. Circulation 112 (2005) 2228-2234
46. Chauhan V.S., Krahn A.D., Mitoff P., et al. Sudden intense exercise increases QT heart rate slope and T wave complexity in long QT syndrome and normal subjects. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 27 (2004) 1415-1423
47. Paavonen K.J., Swan H., Piippo K., et al. Response of the QT interval to mental and physical stress in types LQT1 and LQT2 of the long QT syndrome. Heart 86 (2001) 39-44
48. Swan H., Toivonen L., and Viitasalo M. Rate adaptation of QT intervals during and after exercise in children with congenital long QT syndrome. Eur Heart J 19 (1998) 508-513
49. Krahn A.D., Klein G.J., and Yee R. Hysteresis of the RT interval with exercise: a new marker for the long- QT syndrome?. Circulation 96 (1997) 1551-1556
50. Simson M.B., Untereker W.J., Spielman S.R., et al. Relation between late potentials on the body surface and directly recorded fragmented electrograms in patients with ventricular tachycardia. Am J Cardiol 51 (1983) 105-112
51. Savard P., Rouleau J.L., Ferguson J., et al. Risk stratification after myocardial infarction using signal-averaged electrocardiographic criteria adjusted for sex, age, and myocardial infarction location. Circulation 96 (1997) 202-213
52. Bluemke D.A., Krupinski E.A., Ovitt T., et al. MR Imaging of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: morphologic findings and interobserver reliability. Cardiology 99 (2003) 153-162
53. Jain A., Tandri H., Calkins H., et al. Role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 10 (2008) 32
54. Tandri H., Calkins H., Nasir K., et al. Magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients meeting task force criteria for arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 14 (2003) 476-482
55. Tandri H., Castillo E., Ferrari V.A., et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia: sensitivity, specificity, and observer variability of fat detection versus functional analysis of the right ventricle. J Am Coll Cardiol 48 (2006) 2277-2284
56. Brugada R., Brugada J., Antzelevitch C., et al. Sodium channel blockers identify risk for sudden death in patients with ST-segment elevation and right bundle branch block but structurally normal hearts. Circulation 101 (2000) 510-515
57. Benhorin J., Taub R., Goldmit M., et al. Effects of flecainide in patients with new SCN5A mutation: mutation-specific therapy for long-QT syndrome? [In Process Citation]. Circulation 101 (2000) 1698-1706 [MEDLINE record in process]
58. Fujiki A., Usui M., Nagasawa H., et al. ST segment elevation in the right precordial leads induced with class IC antiarrhythmic drugs: insight into the mechanism of Brugada syndrome [see comments]. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 10 (1999) 214-218
59. Shimizu W., Noda T., Takaki H., et al. Epinephrine unmasks latent mutation carriers with LQT1 form of congenital long-QT syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol 41 (2003) 633-642
60. Ackerman M.J., Khositseth A., Tester D.J., et al. Epinephrine-induced QT interval prolongation: a gene-specific paradoxical response in congenital long QT syndrome. Mayo Clin Proc 77 (2002) 413-421
61. Krahn A.D., Birnie D.H., Healey J.S., et al. Outcome of systematic assessment of patients with unexplained cardiac arrest: Cardiac Arrest Survivors with Preserved Ejection Fraction Registry (CASPER). Heart Rhythm 5 (2008) P01-P0119
62. Viatchenko-Karpinski S., Terentyev D., Gyorke I., et al. Abnormal calcium signaling and sudden cardiac death associated with mutation of calsequestrin. Circ Res 94 (2004) 471-477
63. Mohamed U., Gollob M.H., Gow R.M., et al. Sudden cardiac death despite an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator in a young female with catecholaminergic ventricular tachycardia. Heart Rhythm 3 (2006) 1486-1489
64. Priori S.G., Napolitano C., Tiso N., et al. Mutations in the cardiac ryanodine receptor gene (hRyR2) underlie catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Circulation 103 (2001) 196-200
65. Lahat H., Eldar M., Levy-Nissenbaum E., et al. Autosomal recessive catecholamine- or exercise-induced polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: clinical features and assignment of the disease gene to chromosome 1p13-21. Circulation 103 (2001) 2822-2827
66. Jeyaraj D., Abernethy D.P., Natarajan R.N., et al. I(Kr) channel blockade to unmask occult congenital long QT syndrome. Heart Rhythm 5 (2008) 2-7
67. Fananapazir L., Tracy C.M., Leon M.B., et al. Electrophysiologic abnormalities in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. A consecutive analysis in 155 patients [see comments]. Circulation 80 (1989) 1259-1268
68. Poll D.S., Marchlinski F.E., Buxton A.E., et al. Usefulness of programmed stimulation in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 58 (1986) 992-997
69. Avella A., d'Amati G., Pappalardo A., et al. Diagnostic value of endomyocardial biopsy guided by electroanatomic voltage mapping in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol (2008 June12) Epub ahead of print
70. Marchlinski F.E., Zado E., Dixit S., et al. Electroanatomic substrate and outcome of catheter ablative therapy for ventricular tachycardia in setting of right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Circulation 110 (2004) 2293-2298
71. Roux J.F., Dubuc M., Pressacco J., et al. Concordance between an electroanatomic mapping system and cardiac MRI in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 29 (2006) 109-112
72. Miljoen H., State S., de Chillou C., et al. Electroanatomic mapping characteristics of ventricular tachycardia in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia. Europace 7 (2005) 516-524